температура في 30 ثانية
- Temperature: degree of heat, used for body, weather, cooking.
- Commonly used in health, weather, and science contexts.
- Measured in Celsius (°C) in Russia.
- Key word for understanding many everyday situations.
- Noun
- A noun referring to the degree of heat present in a substance or object, or in the human body.
- Contexts
- This word is commonly used in everyday conversations, especially when discussing health, weather, cooking, and scientific contexts. It's a fundamental concept that applies to many aspects of life.
The doctor measured my температура.
Today's температура is very high.
The Russian word 'температура' (pronounced tem-peh-rah-TOO-rah) directly translates to 'temperature' in English. It's a versatile word used to describe the level of heat or cold in various situations. When discussing personal well-being, it most often refers to body temperature, a crucial indicator of health. A normal human body temperature is around 36.6 degrees Celsius (98.6 degrees Fahrenheit). If someone has a fever, their 'температура' will be higher than normal. For example, a doctor might ask, 'Какая у вас температура?' (What is your temperature?).
Beyond the human body, 'температура' is essential for describing the weather. You'll hear it in forecasts like, 'Завтра ожидается низкая температура' (Tomorrow, a low temperature is expected) or 'Температура воздуха сегодня плюсовая' (The air temperature today is above freezing). This applies to both very cold and very hot conditions. For instance, 'Зимой температура может опускаться до минус тридцати градусов' (In winter, the temperature can drop to minus thirty degrees).
In the kitchen, 'температура' is critical for cooking. Recipes will specify temperatures for ovens, water, or ingredients. For example, 'Разогрейте духовку до 180 градусов, это стандартная температура для выпечки' (Preheat the oven to 180 degrees, this is a standard temperature for baking). Similarly, in science, 'температура' is a fundamental physical property measured with thermometers. Understanding 'температура' is key to comprehending a wide range of phenomena, from biology to meteorology and physics. It's a word you'll encounter frequently as you learn Russian, so mastering its usage in different contexts is very beneficial for your language acquisition journey.
The normal human body температура is about 36.6 degrees Celsius.
The weather forecast predicts a drop in температура tonight.
Please set the oven to the correct температура for baking the cake.
- Basic Usage
- The most straightforward use is to state a temperature value. This often involves numbers and units like degrees Celsius (°C) or Fahrenheit (°F), although Celsius is standard in Russia.
- Health Context
- When talking about illness, 'температура' is used to describe fever. Common phrases include 'высокая температура' (high temperature) or 'низкая температура' (low temperature, which might indicate hypothermia or shock).
- Weather Context
- In discussions about weather, 'температура' is used to describe the ambient air temperature. You might hear about expected temperatures for the day or night, or compare current temperatures to averages.
- Cooking and Science
- In more technical contexts like cooking or science, 'температура' refers to specific heat levels required for processes. This could be the temperature of an oven, a liquid, or a chemical reaction.
To effectively use 'температура', consider the context. For body temperature, you'll often hear it paired with verbs like 'быть' (to be) or 'иметь' (to have), or used with the genitive case when referring to *whose* temperature it is. For example, 'У меня высокая температура' (I have a high temperature) or 'Температура пациента стабильна' (The patient's temperature is stable). Notice the use of 'у меня' (at me) which is a common construction for expressing personal states.
When discussing weather, 'температура' is often the subject of the sentence or linked with verbs describing its state. For instance, 'Температура воздуха сегодня 20 градусов' (The air temperature today is 20 degrees). You can also use comparative phrases: 'Сегодня температура выше, чем вчера' (Today the temperature is higher than yesterday). The word 'плюсовая' (positive) or 'минусовая' (negative) is often used to indicate whether the temperature is above or below zero.
In cooking, instructions will be direct: 'Установите температуру 150 градусов' (Set the temperature to 150 degrees). You might also hear about the 'оптимальная температура' (optimal temperature) for a particular dish or process. In scientific contexts, precise measurements are key, and 'температура' is always accompanied by numerical values and units.
Remember that Russian uses the Celsius scale primarily. So, when you see numbers like 37, 38, or 39, they refer to degrees Celsius, indicating a fever. Conversely, negative numbers like -5 or -10 indicate freezing temperatures. Practicing these different sentence structures will help you become more comfortable using 'температура' in various real-life situations.
Моя температура поднялась до 38.5 градусов.
Какая температура будет завтра?
Нам нужно поддерживать постоянную температуру в лаборатории.
Эта еда требует высокой температуры приготовления.
- Doctor's Office
- This is perhaps the most common place to hear 'температура' in a medical context. Doctors, nurses, and even patients themselves will frequently discuss body temperature when someone is feeling unwell.
- Weather Forecasts
- Every day, whether on TV, radio, or online, weather reports will mention the expected 'температура' for the day, night, and upcoming week. This is crucial information for planning activities.
- Kitchen and Cooking Shows
- Recipes, cooking instructions, and culinary discussions frequently involve specific temperature requirements for baking, frying, or maintaining the freshness of ingredients.
- Science Classrooms and Labs
- In any science education setting, from school to university, 'температура' is a fundamental concept discussed in physics, chemistry, and biology.
You'll hear 'температура' used constantly in everyday Russian life. Imagine visiting a Russian friend or family member who isn't feeling well. The first question might be, 'У тебя какая температура?' (What's your temperature?). If they have a fever, they might reply, 'У меня температура 38 градусов, кажется, я заболел(а)' (My temperature is 38 degrees, I think I'm getting sick). This is a very common and natural way to express concern about health.
When you tune into the news or check a weather app in Russia, expect to hear phrases like: 'Сегодня днём температура воздуха составит плюс 25 градусов по Цельсию' (Today the air temperature will reach plus 25 degrees Celsius). Or perhaps: 'Ночью ожидается заморозки, температура упадёт до минус пяти' (Freezing temperatures are expected tonight, the temperature will drop to minus five). Weather is a constant topic of conversation, and 'температура' is central to it.
In the kitchen, a Russian grandmother might be instructing you on how to make borscht: 'Суп должен вариться на медленном огне, поддерживая температуру около 90 градусов, чтобы овощи не разварились' (The soup should cook on low heat, maintaining a temperature of about 90 degrees, so the vegetables don't overcook). Or, when baking, 'Проверь, пожалуйста, температуру в духовке, она должна быть ровно 180 градусов' (Please check the oven temperature, it should be exactly 180 degrees).
In academic or scientific discussions, the word is used with precision. For example, a biology student might be discussing the optimal temperature for enzyme activity: 'Оптимальная температура для работы этого фермента - 37 градусов Цельсия' (The optimal temperature for this enzyme's activity is 37 degrees Celsius). Or in physics, discussing phase transitions: 'При какой температуре вода замерзает?' (At what temperature does water freeze?). These examples illustrate the broad applicability of the word 'температура' across many facets of Russian life and conversation.
The doctor asked about my температура.
The weather report mentioned a high температура for the weekend.
Set the oven to the correct температура.
- Confusing Celsius and Fahrenheit
- Learners accustomed to Fahrenheit might misinterpret Russian temperature readings. A 'normal' body temperature of 36.6 in Celsius is significantly different from 98.6 in Fahrenheit. A fever of 38 Celsius is quite high, whereas 38 Fahrenheit is extremely cold.
- Omitting 'degrees' (градусы)
- While 'температура' is the word for temperature, it's very common and natural to include 'градусы' (degrees) when stating a specific value, especially for body temperature or weather. Saying 'У меня 37' (I have 37) might sound incomplete or ambiguous compared to 'У меня 37 градусов' (I have 37 degrees).
- Incorrect Case Usage
- 'Температура' is a feminine noun. Depending on its function in a sentence, it will take different grammatical cases. Forgetting to change the case can lead to ungrammatical sentences, especially when it's the object of a verb or follows a preposition.
- Using 'температура' for related concepts
- While 'температура' is the general term for heat, sometimes more specific words might be appropriate in certain contexts, or learners might overuse it when a different concept is intended, like 'жар' (fever/heat, often used for body heat specifically) or 'тепло' (warmth).
One frequent pitfall for English speakers is the difference between Celsius and Fahrenheit. When someone says 'температура 38', they mean 38 degrees Celsius, which is a significant fever. If you mentally convert this to Fahrenheit, you might think it's a mild fever or even normal, leading to a misunderstanding of the severity of the situation. Always remember that Russia uses the Celsius scale almost exclusively.
Another common oversight is not including 'градусы' when stating a specific temperature. While context often makes it clear, grammatically and idiomatically, it's more natural to say 'Температура тела - 36.6 градусов' (Body temperature is 36.6 degrees) rather than just 'Температура тела - 36.6'. This is particularly true in spoken language.
Grammatical errors can occur with the case endings. For instance, if you want to say 'I have a high temperature', you'd say 'У меня высокая температура' (Nominative case). But if you're talking about the *effect* of a temperature, you might use the accusative case, like 'Эта температура может повредить моему оборудованию' (This temperature can damage my equipment). Incorrectly conjugating or declining 'температура' can make your sentences sound unnatural.
Finally, while 'температура' is a broad term, sometimes a more specific word is better. For example, when someone is feeling hot due to illness, they might complain of 'жар' (fever, a sensation of intense heat in the body) rather than just 'высокая температура'. 'Тепло' refers to pleasant warmth, like 'На улице тепло' (It's warm outside), which is different from a measured temperature reading.
Mistake: 'У меня 37.' Correct: 'У меня 37 градусов.' (referring to temperature)
Mistake: Confusing 38 Celsius with 38 Fahrenheit.
Mistake: Incorrect case usage. 'Я чувствую высокая температура.' Correct: 'Я чувствую, что у меня высокая температура.' or 'У меня высокая температура.'
- Жар (zhar)
- Meaning: Primarily refers to fever or intense body heat. It emphasizes the sensation of being hot, often due to illness.
- Usage: 'У меня сильный жар.' (I have a strong fever/heat.) It's more subjective and related to physical discomfort than a precise measurement.
- Example: 'После болезни у него остался небольшой жар.' (After the illness, he still had a slight fever.)
- Тепло (teplo)
- Meaning: Warmth, a pleasant degree of heat. It's a qualitative description rather than a quantitative measurement.
- Usage: 'Сегодня на улице тепло.' (It's warm outside today.) It describes a comfortable environmental condition.
- Example: 'Мне нравится это теплое одеяло.' (I like this warm blanket.)
- Холод (kholod)
- Meaning: Coldness, the absence of heat. It's the opposite of warmth and heat.
- Usage: 'В комнате холод.' (There is cold in the room.) It describes a low temperature state.
- Example: 'Я чувствую холод, несмотря на свитер.' (I feel cold, despite the sweater.)
- Зной (znoy)
- Meaning: Intense heat, sweltering heat, often associated with summer weather.
- Usage: 'Летний зной.' (Summer heat.) It implies a very high and often uncomfortable level of heat.
- Example: 'В такую жару лучше сидеть дома, в прохладе.' (In such heat, it's better to stay home in the cool.)
While 'температура' is the general and most common term for temperature, Russian has other words that describe related concepts of heat and cold, offering nuances that 'temperature' alone doesn't capture. 'Жар' is specifically used for the sensation of fever or intense heat, often felt in the body. For instance, if someone is sick, they might say 'У меня жар', implying they feel very hot and unwell, rather than giving a precise degree reading.
'Тепло' signifies pleasant warmth. You would use this to describe comfortable weather, like 'Сегодня тепло', meaning it's pleasantly warm outside. It's the opposite of 'холод' (cold), which describes a lack of warmth or low temperatures. You might say 'На улице холодно' (It's cold outside). These words describe the quality of the temperature rather than its measurement.
'Зной' is a more intense and specific term for heat, usually referring to oppressive, sweltering heat, typically experienced during hot summer days. For example, 'В городе стоял сильный зной' (There was intense heat in the city). This word conveys a feeling of being overwhelmed by heat, more so than just a high 'температура'.
In scientific or technical contexts, 'температура' is the precise term. However, in everyday conversation, especially when describing feelings or general conditions, 'жар', 'тепло', 'холод', and 'зной' provide more descriptive and evocative alternatives. Understanding these distinctions allows for more nuanced and idiomatic Russian expression.
While температура is a measurement, жар is the feeling of fever.
'Тепло' means pleasant warmth, not a specific температура reading.
'Зной' describes intense, sweltering heat, a more extreme condition than a typical температура.
How Formal Is It?
"Установленная температура технологического процесса составляет 250 градусов Цельсия."
"Сегодняшняя температура воздуха - плюс 22 градуса."
"У меня температура, наверное, 39."
"Смотри, термометр показывает высокую температуру!"
"Температура зашкаливает, как в бане!"
حقيقة ممتعة
The root 'temper' is related to English words like 'temper' (as in 'good temper' or 'bad temper', meaning disposition or state of mind) and 'temperate' (referring to moderate climate or behavior). This connection highlights the original sense of balance and moderation.
دليل النطق
- Incorrect stress placement, e.g., stressing the first or second syllable.
- Not palatalizing the initial 'т' sound.
- Pronouncing the 'р' sound too weakly or too strongly for a native Russian speaker.
- Mispronouncing the unstressed vowels, especially the final 'а'.
مستوى الصعوبة
At A2 level, learners will encounter 'температура' in simple sentences related to health and weather. Comprehending its meaning in these basic contexts is straightforward. Understanding nuanced usage or technical descriptions will require higher proficiency.
ماذا تتعلّم بعد ذلك
المتطلبات الأساسية
تعلّم لاحقاً
متقدم
قواعد يجب معرفتها
Genitive case for possession/belonging (e.g., 'У меня температура' - literally 'At me is temperature', meaning 'I have temperature').
У меня температура 38.
Use of 'градус' (degree) with numbers for specific temperature readings.
Температура воды - 20 градусов.
Adjectives agreeing in gender, number, and case with 'температура' (feminine singular).
Эта высокая температура утомительна.
Prepositional phrases indicating location or context (e.g., 'температура на улице').
Какая температура на улице?
Verbs commonly used with temperature (e.g., 'подняться', 'спасть', 'держать', 'измерить').
Температура поднялась.
أمثلة حسب المستوى
Какая температура?
What temperature?
Basic question asking for temperature.
Температура высокая.
The temperature is high.
Simple statement about temperature.
Нормальная температура.
Normal temperature.
Describing temperature as normal.
Мне холодно, температура низкая.
I am cold, the temperature is low.
Connecting personal feeling to temperature.
Сегодня жарко, высокая температура.
It's hot today, high temperature.
Describing weather with temperature.
Температура воды?
Water temperature?
Asking about the temperature of a substance.
Нужна низкая температура.
Low temperature is needed.
Indicating a need for low temperature.
Какая температура воздуха?
What is the air temperature?
Asking specifically about air temperature.
У меня температура 37.5.
I have a temperature of 37.5.
Stating personal body temperature. Note: 37.5 is Celsius.
Завтра будет прохладно, температура около 15 градусов.
Tomorrow it will be cool, the temperature is around 15 degrees.
Predicting weather temperature. 'Градусов' (degrees) is often used.
Эта комната слишком холодная, температура низкая.
This room is too cold, the temperature is low.
Describing environmental temperature.
Пожалуйста, измерьте мою температуру.
Please measure my temperature.
Requesting a temperature measurement.
Зимой температура может опускаться ниже нуля.
In winter, the temperature can drop below zero.
Discussing seasonal temperature extremes.
Для этого рецепта нужна температура 180 градусов.
This recipe requires a temperature of 180 degrees.
Specifying temperature for cooking.
Температура тела человека обычно около 36.6.
Human body temperature is usually around 36.6.
Stating a general fact about body temperature.
Какая сегодня температура на улице?
What is the temperature outside today?
Asking about current outdoor temperature.
Врач сказал, что моя температура слишком высокая для нормального состояния.
The doctor said my temperature is too high for a normal condition.
Using temperature in a medical diagnosis context.
Прогноз погоды обещает резкое понижение температуры на выходных.
The weather forecast promises a sharp drop in temperature over the weekend.
Discussing weather forecasts with more detail.
Оптимальная температура для роста этого растения - 25 градусов Цельсия.
The optimal temperature for this plant's growth is 25 degrees Celsius.
Technical usage in biology or horticulture.
Нам пришлось увеличить температуру в помещении, потому что стало очень холодно.
We had to increase the temperature in the room because it became very cold.
Describing an action taken based on temperature.
При какой температуре вода начинает кипеть?
At what temperature does water start to boil?
Asking a scientific question about phase change.
Его тело реагировало на низкую температуру окружающей среды.
His body reacted to the low ambient temperature.
Discussing physiological response to temperature.
Важно поддерживать стабильную температуру для хранения этих продуктов.
It is important to maintain a stable temperature for storing these products.
Importance of temperature control in storage.
Температура воздуха в Москве сегодня значительно ниже, чем в Санкт-Петербурге.
The air temperature in Moscow today is significantly lower than in St. Petersburg.
Comparing temperatures between locations.
Врач рекомендовал постельный режим и обильное питье, пока температура не спадет.
The doctor recommended bed rest and plenty of fluids until the temperature subsides.
Medical advice involving temperature management.
Резкие перепады температуры могут негативно сказаться на здоровье.
Sharp temperature fluctuations can negatively affect health.
Discussing the impact of temperature changes.
Для достижения наилучшего результата, выпекайте при температуре 160 градусов в течение 40 минут.
For best results, bake at a temperature of 160 degrees for 40 minutes.
Precise cooking instructions involving temperature and time.
Специалисты предупреждают о возможном превышении температурной нормы из-за глобального потепления.
Experts warn about a possible exceeding of the temperature norm due to global warming.
Discussing climate change and temperature norms.
Температура плавления этого металла составляет около 1538 градусов Цельсия.
The melting temperature of this metal is around 1538 degrees Celsius.
Scientific fact about material properties.
Необходимо обеспечить контролируемую температуру для сохранения произведений искусства.
It is necessary to ensure a controlled temperature for the preservation of works of art.
Importance of temperature control in conservation.
Во время экстремальных погодных явлений, температура может колебаться в широких пределах.
During extreme weather events, the temperature can fluctuate within wide limits.
Describing temperature behavior during extreme conditions.
Снижение температуры воды в океане влияет на морские экосистемы.
A decrease in ocean water temperature affects marine ecosystems.
Ecological impact of temperature changes.
В условиях гипотермии, температура тела падает ниже 35 градусов Цельсия, что представляет серьезную угрозу для жизни.
In hypothermia conditions, body temperature drops below 35 degrees Celsius, posing a serious threat to life.
Medical terminology and critical temperature thresholds.
Согласно последним исследованиям, климатические модели предсказывают дальнейшее повышение средней глобальной температуры.
According to the latest research, climate models predict a further increase in the average global temperature.
Scientific discussion about climate change and temperature trends.
Для обеспечения максимальной эффективности процесса, необходимо поддерживать температуру в строго определенном диапазоне.
To ensure maximum process efficiency, it is necessary to maintain the temperature within a strictly defined range.
Technical jargon for industrial processes.
Экстремальные значения температуры, как высокие, так и низкие, могут вызвать деградацию строительных материалов.
Extreme temperature values, both high and low, can cause degradation of building materials.
Material science and engineering context.
Регуляция температуры тела является одним из фундаментальных аспектов гомеостаза.
Body temperature regulation is one of the fundamental aspects of homeostasis.
Biological and physiological terminology.
В условиях криогенных температур, многие вещества приобретают совершенно иные физические свойства.
Under cryogenic temperatures, many substances acquire completely different physical properties.
Physics terminology related to extreme cold.
Аномально высокая температура поверхности моря способствует усилению тропических циклонов.
Abnormally high sea surface temperature contributes to the intensification of tropical cyclones.
Meteorology and oceanography context.
Необходимо учитывать температурный режим при разработке новых фармацевтических препаратов.
It is necessary to consider the temperature regime when developing new pharmaceutical drugs.
Pharmaceutical industry context.
Температура тела, как индикатор физиологического состояния, подвержена влиянию множества эндогенных и экзогенных факторов.
Body temperature, as an indicator of physiological state, is influenced by numerous endogenous and exogenous factors.
Highly academic and precise medical/biological language.
Климатологи бьют тревогу по поводу неуклонного роста среднегодовой температуры, прогнозируя каскад необратимых последствий для биосферы.
Climatologists are sounding the alarm about the steady rise in average annual temperature, predicting a cascade of irreversible consequences for the biosphere.
Urgent and sophisticated language regarding climate science.
Поддержание температурного баланса в промышленных реакторах является краеугольным камнем обеспечения безопасности и эффективности производственных процессов.
Maintaining thermal balance in industrial reactors is the cornerstone of ensuring the safety and efficiency of production processes.
Advanced technical and industrial engineering terminology.
Деградация материалов под воздействием экстремальных температурных режимов представляет собой многофакторную проблему, требующую междисциплинарного подхода.
Material degradation under extreme temperature regimes is a multifactorial problem requiring an interdisciplinary approach.
Complex scientific discussion on material science.
Сложные механизмы терморегуляции в организме человека обеспечивают поддержание температуры в узком физиологическом диапазоне, несмотря на внешние флуктуации.
The complex mechanisms of thermoregulation in the human body ensure the maintenance of temperature within a narrow physiological range, despite external fluctuations.
Sophisticated biological and physiological explanation.
Криогенные температуры открывают доступ к изучению уникальных квантовых явлений, недоступных при обычных условиях.
Cryogenic temperatures provide access to the study of unique quantum phenomena inaccessible under normal conditions.
Highly specialized physics terminology.
Влияние температуры поверхности океана на динамику атмосферных процессов является предметом интенсивных метеорологических исследований.
The influence of ocean surface temperature on atmospheric processes is the subject of intensive meteorological research.
Advanced meteorological and climate science discourse.
Разработка стабильных лекарственных форм требует глубокого понимания их термодинамических свойств и оптимальных температурных условий хранения.
The development of stable drug formulations requires a deep understanding of their thermodynamic properties and optimal storage temperature conditions.
Highly specialized pharmaceutical and chemical terminology.
تلازمات شائعة
العبارات الشائعة
— Room temperature.
Положите пирог на стол, чтобы он остыл до комнатной температуры.
— Ambient temperature / Environmental temperature.
Температура окружающей среды в пустыне может быть экстремальной.
— Boiling point.
Температура кипения воды при нормальном давлении - 100 градусов Цельсия.
يُخلط عادةً مع
'Градус' is the unit of measurement for temperature, not temperature itself. You can't say 'У меня градус' to mean 'I have a fever'. You need 'У меня температура [X] градусов'.
'Жар' often refers to the sensation of fever or intense body heat, while 'температура' is the measured value. You can have a high 'температура' that causes 'жар'.
'Тепло' means warmth and describes a pleasant feeling, whereas 'температура' is a precise measurement. A 'температура' of 20°C might be described as 'тепло'.
تعبيرات اصطلاحية
— To keep the temperature under control; to manage a fever or a specific temperature setting.
Врач посоветовал держать температуру под контролем с помощью лекарств.
Medical, general— The temperature is off the charts; extremely high temperature (usually referring to fever or a very hot day).
Когда я его увидел, температура у него зашкаливала.
Informal, colloquial— The temperature is rising; often used metaphorically to describe a tense or heated situation.
После спора температура в комнате накалилась.
Metaphorical, informal— Body temperature has risen (indicates illness or fever).
После того как он вернулся с улицы, температура тела у него поднялась.
Medical, general— To fight a fever; to try to bring down a high temperature.
Врач сказал, что нужно бороться с температурой, пока она не спадет.
Medical, general— Temperature above normal; a fever.
Если температура выше нормы, нужно обратиться к врачу.
Medical, general— Temperature below zero.
Когда температура ниже нуля, на улице становится очень холодно.
Weather, general— Melting point.
Температура плавления льда - ноль градусов Цельсия.
Scientific, technical— Boiling point.
Температура кипения воды зависит от атмосферного давления.
Scientific, technical— Temperature fluctuations.
Резкие температурные колебания вредны для здоровья.
General, healthسهل الخلط
Both relate to temperature measurement.
'Температура' is the concept of heat level, while 'градус' is the unit used to measure it. You measure 'температура' in 'градусах'. For example, 'Температура воды - 20 градусов.'
Температура воды - 20 градусов.
Both relate to feeling hot, especially during illness.
'Температура' is the objective measurement of heat (e.g., 38°C). 'Жар' is the subjective feeling of intense heat, often a symptom of fever. You can have a high 'температура' causing 'жар'.
У меня высокая температура, поэтому мне очень жарко (у меня жар).
Both describe a state of heat.
'Температура' is a quantifiable measurement (e.g., 15°C). 'Тепло' describes pleasant warmth, a qualitative sensation. A moderate 'температура' is often described as 'тепло'.
Температура воздуха 20 градусов, поэтому на улице тепло.
Both describe a state of heat/cold.
'Температура' is the measurement (e.g., -5°C). 'Холод' describes the state of being cold. A low 'температура' results in 'холод'.
Температура упала до -10 градусов, на улице сильный холод.
Both are related to measuring heat.
'Температура' is the quantity being measured. 'Термометр' is the device used to measure it. You use a 'термометр' to find the 'температура'.
Я измерил температуру термометром.
أنماط الجُمل
Это [высокая/низкая] температура.
Это высокая температура.
Температура [числительное] градусов.
Температура 20 градусов.
У меня [высокая/низкая/нормальная] температура.
У меня нормальная температура.
Какая температура [сегодня/завтра]?
Какая температура завтра?
Температура [чего-то] [глагол].
Температура воды опустилась.
Нужно поддерживать температуру [значение] градусов.
Нужно поддерживать температуру 180 градусов.
Температура [чего-то] влияет на [что-то].
Температура окружающей среды влияет на рост растений.
При температуре [значение] градусов [что-то происходит].
При температуре 0 градусов вода замерзает.
عائلة الكلمة
الأسماء
الأفعال
الصفات
مرتبط
كيفية الاستخدام
Very High
-
Confusing Celsius and Fahrenheit.
→
Always assume Celsius in Russian contexts.
A temperature of 38°C is a fever, while 38°F is very cold. Misinterpreting this can lead to serious misunderstandings, especially regarding health.
-
Omitting 'градусов' when stating a number.
→
У меня 37 градусов.
While context might sometimes make it clear, it's more natural and grammatically complete to include 'градусов' when stating a specific temperature value, especially for body temperature or weather.
-
Incorrect case usage for 'температура'.
→
У меня высокая температура. (Nominative) / Я измерил температуру. (Accusative)
'Температура' is a feminine noun and changes its ending depending on its grammatical function. Incorrect endings make sentences ungrammatical.
-
Using 'температура' when 'жар' or 'тепло' might be more appropriate.
→
У меня жар. / На улице тепло.
'Температура' is a measurement. 'Жар' is the feeling of fever. 'Тепло' is pleasant warmth. Using the correct word adds nuance and naturalness.
-
Incorrect stress placement.
→
темпе-ра-ТУ-ра
Stressing the wrong syllable (e.g., TEM-pe-ra-tu-ra) can make the word difficult to understand for native speakers.
نصائح
Master the Stress
The word 'температура' has its main stress on the fourth syllable: темпе-ра-ТУ-ра. Make sure to emphasize this syllable clearly when speaking. Practicing saying it aloud repeatedly will help embed the correct pronunciation.
Case Endings Matter
'Температура' is a feminine noun. Remember to adjust its ending based on its grammatical role in the sentence (e.g., subject, object, after a preposition). For example, 'У меня высокая температура' (nominative) vs. 'Я измерил температуру' (accusative).
Don't Forget 'градусы'
When stating a specific temperature value, it's very common and natural to include the word 'градусы' (degrees). So, instead of just saying '37', say '37 градусов'.
Visual Associations
Imagine a thermometer with a Russian flag on it, or a bear shivering in the cold. Visual aids can significantly strengthen your memory for new vocabulary like 'температура'.
Sentence Building
Create your own sentences using 'температура' in different contexts: health, weather, cooking. Try to use at least three different sentence patterns you've learned.
Celsius is Standard
Remember that Russia uses the Celsius scale. When you hear a temperature, assume it's Celsius unless otherwise specified. This is crucial for understanding health-related discussions.
Listen Actively
When listening to Russian audio or conversations, actively listen for the word 'температура'. Try to identify the context and the specific value being mentioned. This will improve your comprehension.
Use It in Conversation
Don't be afraid to use 'температура' in your own speech. If you feel unwell, say 'У меня температура'. If you're discussing the weather, ask 'Какая температура?'
Learn Related Terms
Once you're comfortable with 'температура', learn related words like 'термометр' (thermometer), 'жар' (fever), 'холод' (cold), and 'градус' (degree) to enrich your vocabulary.
احفظها
وسيلة تذكّر
Imagine a thermometer with a little Russian bear wearing a hat ('темпера' sounds a bit like 'bear' in some contexts, though it's a stretch). The bear is feeling 'ту-ру-ру' (a playful sound) because its temperature is being measured. Or, think of 'temp' like 'temporary' - how hot or cold something feels at a given moment.
ربط بصري
Picture a thermometer with a large, bold Cyrillic letter 'Т' at the top. Visualize the mercury or colored liquid rising and falling within the thermometer tube, representing different temperatures. Associate the 'ра' sound with 'ray' of sunshine (hot) or 'rain' (cold).
Word Web
تحدٍّ
Try to describe the temperature of your surroundings right now using 'температура' and a number. Then, imagine you are sick and describe your body 'температура' to a Russian friend.
أصل الكلمة
The word 'температура' entered Russian from Latin via German or Polish. It derives from the Latin word 'temperatura', which means 'a mixing in due proportion', 'moderation', 'state'. This, in turn, comes from 'temperare' - 'to mix in due proportion', 'to moderate', 'to temper'.
المعنى الأصلي: Moderation, state, proportion.
Indo-European > Italic > Latin > Romance > French/Italian/Spanish > German/Polish > Russianالسياق الثقافي
When discussing health, be mindful that high temperatures can be a sign of serious illness. Avoid making light of someone's fever. When discussing weather, acknowledge that extreme temperatures (both hot and cold) can be challenging for people.
In English-speaking countries, Fahrenheit is often used for body temperature and weather in the US, while Celsius is used in the UK and other Commonwealth countries. Russians exclusively use Celsius.
تدرّب في الحياة الواقعية
سياقات واقعية
Discussing personal health and illness.
- У меня температура.
- Какая у вас температура?
- Температура спала.
- Высокая температура.
Talking about the weather.
- Какая температура на улице?
- Температура воздуха сегодня...
- Завтра ожидается низкая температура.
- Сегодня жарко, высокая температура.
Cooking and food preparation.
- Нужна температура 180 градусов.
- Комнатная температура.
- Поддерживать температуру.
Scientific and technical discussions.
- Температура плавления.
- Температура кипения.
- Оптимальная температура.
Describing environmental conditions.
- Температура в комнате.
- Температура окружающей среды.
- Ниже нуля температура.
بدايات محادثة
"What's the temperature like outside today?"
"Did you feel the temperature change recently?"
"How was your temperature when you woke up?"
"Do you think this temperature is good for [activity]?"
"What's the ideal temperature for you to feel comfortable?"
مواضيع للكتابة اليومية
Describe a time you had a high temperature and how you felt.
Write about the typical temperatures in your region during different seasons.
Imagine you are a scientist studying temperature effects on plants. What would you write in your log?
How does the temperature affect your mood or energy levels?
Describe a recipe where the temperature is a critical factor for success.
الأسئلة الشائعة
10 أسئلة'Температура' refers to the degree of heat or coldness, the overall concept. 'Градус' is the unit of measurement used to express temperature, like degrees Celsius (°C) or Fahrenheit (°F). In Russian, you would say 'температура 36.6 градусов' (temperature 36.6 degrees).
'Жар' is often used colloquially to describe the sensation of a fever or intense body heat. While 'температура' is the measured value (e.g., 38°C), 'жар' describes how hot the person feels. So, you might say 'У меня высокая температура, мне очень жарко' (I have a high temperature, I feel very hot).
Yes, in Russia, 'температура' is almost exclusively measured in Celsius (°C). This applies to body temperature, weather, and most other contexts. You will rarely encounter Fahrenheit in everyday Russian life.
You say 'комнатная температура'. For example, 'Оставьте продукт при комнатной температуре' (Leave the product at room temperature).
A normal body temperature in Russia is considered to be around 36.6 degrees Celsius (36.6 градусов по Цельсию). Anything significantly above this is usually considered a fever.
'Температура' is a precise measurement of heat. 'Тепло' means warmth and describes a pleasant, comfortable level of heat. For instance, a temperature of 20°C might be described as 'тепло' (warm).
Yes, 'температура' can be used metaphorically, often in phrases like 'температура накаляется' (the temperature is rising), which describes a tense or heated situation, much like in English. However, this usage is less common than its literal meaning.
The plural form is 'температуры́' (temperatúry). It's used when referring to multiple temperature readings or instances, for example, 'различные температуры' (various temperatures).
You can ask 'Какая температура на улице сегодня?' (What is the temperature outside today?) or simply 'Какая температура?' (What's the temperature?), relying on context.
Common phrases include 'У меня температура' (I have a temperature/fever), 'высокая температура' (high temperature/fever), 'температура поднялась' (temperature rose), and 'температура спала' (temperature dropped).
اختبر نفسك 10 أسئلة
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Perfect score!
Summary
'Температура' is the Russian word for 'temperature.' It's a fundamental term used to describe heat levels in various contexts, most notably for body temperature (health), weather, and cooking. Mastering this word is essential for everyday communication in Russian.
- Temperature: degree of heat, used for body, weather, cooking.
- Commonly used in health, weather, and science contexts.
- Measured in Celsius (°C) in Russia.
- Key word for understanding many everyday situations.
Master the Stress
The word 'температура' has its main stress on the fourth syllable: темпе-ра-ТУ-ра. Make sure to emphasize this syllable clearly when speaking. Practicing saying it aloud repeatedly will help embed the correct pronunciation.
Case Endings Matter
'Температура' is a feminine noun. Remember to adjust its ending based on its grammatical role in the sentence (e.g., subject, object, after a preposition). For example, 'У меня высокая температура' (nominative) vs. 'Я измерил температуру' (accusative).
Context is Key
Pay attention to the context in which 'температура' is used. Is it about body heat, weather, cooking, or science? This will help you understand the specific meaning and choose appropriate related words like 'жар', 'холод', or 'градус'.
Don't Forget 'градусы'
When stating a specific temperature value, it's very common and natural to include the word 'градусы' (degrees). So, instead of just saying '37', say '37 градусов'.
محتوى ذو صلة
مزيد من كلمات health
алкоголь
B1Intoxicating beverage.
аптека
A1pharmacy
благополучие
B1الرفاهية هي هدف كل مجتمع.
бодрый
B1الشعور بالنشاط والحماس أو إظهارهما.
болезнь
B1A disorder of structure or function in a body.
болеть
A1to be sick
боль
A2pain
больница
A1hospital
больничный
B1إجازة مرضية رسمية. 'أنا في إجازة مرضية' تعني 'أنا في إجازة مرضية'.
больной
A2شخص مريض أو جزء من الجسم يؤلم.
