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A1 noun 7 دقيقة للقراءة

kalan

تدرّب عليها أمثلة ملاحظات ونصائح kalan في 30 ثانية

الشرح kalan in your Level:

At the A1 level, you use 'kalan' to talk about basic quantities and time. You will mostly see it in phrases like 'kalan para' (remaining money) or 'kalan ekmek' (remaining bread). It is an essential word for shopping and basic daily routines. You might hear a teacher say 'Kalan beş dakika' (Five minutes remaining) during a short exercise. At this stage, think of it as the Turkish equivalent of 'left' or 'remaining' in very simple sentences. You don't need to worry about complex grammar; just remember it comes before the noun.

At A2, you start using 'kalan' as a noun to refer to 'the rest' of something. For example, 'Kalanı ben yerim' (I will eat the rest). You also begin to see it in simple mathematical contexts (remainder). You can use it with plural endings like 'kalanlar' to describe people who stayed behind or leftover items. You might use it to describe heritage or things left from an event: 'Partiden kalan çöpler' (The trash remaining from the party). Your sentences become more descriptive by adding the source of what remains using the '-dan' suffix.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

At the B1 level, 'kalan' appears in more abstract contexts. You talk about 'kalan ömür' (remaining life) or 'kalan umut' (remaining hope). You understand the distinction between 'kalan' and 'artan' (surplus). You can handle travel situations easily, understanding 'kalan mesafe' (remaining distance) on GPS devices. You also start to recognize 'kalan' in Turkish proverbs and common idioms. You can use it to summarize what is left after a process, such as 'Bu tartışmadan kalan tek şey kırgınlık' (The only thing remaining from this argument is resentment).

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

At B2, you use 'kalan' in professional and academic settings. You might discuss 'kalan bakiye' (remaining balance) in a financial report or 'kalan iş yükü' (remaining workload) in a project meeting. You are comfortable with the participle structure and can use 'geriye kalan' for emphasis. You understand the nuance of 'kalan' in literature, where it often symbolizes survival or the physical remnants of history. You can explain complex situations, like 'kalan borcun yapılandırılması' (restructuring of the remaining debt).

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

At the C1 level, you appreciate the philosophical depth of 'kalan.' You can analyze texts where 'kalan' refers to a person's legacy or the 'kalan izler' (remaining traces) of a vanished civilization. You use it in complex grammatical structures, combining it with other participles. You recognize subtle differences in register, knowing when to use the more formal 'bakiye' or 'mütebaki' (archaic/legal) instead of 'kalan.' You can use it to describe psychological states, such as 'geçmişten kalan travmalar' (traumas remaining from the past) with precision.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

At the C2 level, you have a native-like command of 'kalan' in all its forms. You can use it in legal, poetic, and highly technical mathematical contexts without hesitation. You understand its role in the rhythm of Turkish prose and can use it to create specific stylistic effects. You are familiar with its use in ancient proverbs and can discuss the etymological evolution from the Old Turkic root 'kal-'. You can navigate the most subtle puns or double meanings involving 'kalan' in high-level political or social commentary.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

تدرّب عليها أمثلة ملاحظات ونصائح

kalan في 30 ثانية

Kalan means 'remaining' or 'leftover' in Turkish.
It is derived from the verb 'kalmak' (to stay/remain).
It functions both as an adjective and a noun.
It is the standard word for 'remainder' in mathematics.

The Turkish word kalan is a multifaceted term that primarily functions as the subject participle of the verb kalmak (to stay, to remain). In the landscape of Turkish grammar, the suffix -an/-en transforms a verb into an adjective or a noun that describes the entity performing the action. Thus, kalan literally translates to 'that which stays' or 'the remaining one.' Its application spans from the mundane—such as referring to leftover food—to the highly technical world of mathematics and the deeply emotional realms of poetry and philosophy.

Functional Adjective: When used as an adjective, it precedes a noun to indicate that the item is what is left over from a larger set. For example, kalan süre (remaining time) or kalan para (remaining money). It is essential for managing resources and expectations in daily life.
Mathematical Remainder: In arithmetic, specifically division, kalan is the formal term for the 'remainder.' If you divide 10 by 3, the result is 3 with a kalan of 1. This usage is taught at the earliest stages of Turkish primary education.
The One Who Stays: As a substantive noun, it refers to a person who does not leave. This is famously used in the proverb 'Giden gitsin, kalan sağlar bizimdir' (Let those who leave go, the remaining healthy ones are ours), emphasizing focus on those who remain loyal or present.

Toplantıdan kalan notları bana e-posta ile gönderir misin?

Translation: Could you email me the notes remaining from the meeting?

Culturally, the concept of 'kalan' is tied to the Turkish sense of hospitality and community. When a guest leaves, the 'kalanlar' (those staying) often feel a sense of 'hüzün' (melancholy). In modern urban life, you will see this word constantly on digital displays: kalan bakiye on your transport card or kalan dakika on your mobile phone plan. It is a word of accounting, both of physical goods and of life's passing moments. Understanding 'kalan' is key to navigating Turkish social contracts where what is left behind is often as important as what was initially there.

Yemekten kalanları paket yapalım mı?

Translation: Shall we wrap up the leftovers (that which remains) from the meal?

Using kalan correctly requires understanding its position relative to other words. As an adjective, it almost always precedes the noun it modifies. As a noun, it can take various Turkish case endings, such as the accusative (kalanı), dative (kalana), or locative (kalanlarda). This flexibility makes it a versatile tool for describing portions and segments of time, space, or quantity.

Quantifying Time: To express 'remaining time,' use kalan zaman or kalan süre. Example: 'Sınavın bitmesine kalan beş dakika çok stresliydi' (The five minutes remaining until the end of the exam were very stressful).
Dealing with Leftovers: When talking about food or materials left over, kalan often takes the plural suffix: kalanlar. Example: 'Mutfaktaki kalanları dolaba koy' (Put the leftovers in the kitchen into the fridge).

Bu projeden kalan bütçeyi bir sonraki ay kullanacağız.

Translation: We will use the budget remaining from this project next month.

Another sophisticated use of kalan is in the construction of 'remaining from [Something].' This is achieved by using the ablative case suffix -dan/-den on the source noun. For instance, 'dedemden kalan miras' means 'the inheritance remaining (left) from my grandfather.' This construction is vital for discussing heritage, consequences, or results of past actions.

Maçın bitmesine kalan süre sadece iki dakikaydı.

Translation: The time remaining for the match to end was only two minutes.

You will encounter kalan in almost every facet of Turkish life. In a bustling Istanbul market (Pazar), a seller might shout, 'Son kalan üç kilo!' (The last three kilos remaining!) to create a sense of urgency. In a corporate office, a manager will ask for the 'kalan işler' (the remaining tasks) before the weekend. The word is ubiquitous because it manages the flow of resources and time.

Public Transport: Digital screens at bus stops or metro stations show 'Kalan süre: 5 dk' (Remaining time: 5 min). This is perhaps the most frequent visual contact a resident has with the word.
Banking and Finance: ATM receipts and mobile banking apps display Kalan Kullanılabilir Limit (Remaining Available Limit). It is the standard term for balances and residuals.

Otobüsün gelmesine kalan süreyi panodan kontrol et.

Translation: Check the remaining time for the bus to arrive from the board.

In Turkish songs, especially in the 'Arabesk' or 'Özgün Müzik' genres, kalan is used to describe the person who stays behind after a breakup. Lyrics like 'Gidenden değil, kalandan sor beni' (Ask about me from the one who stayed, not the one who left) are common. It represents the enduring party in a relationship or a historical event. In news broadcasts, you'll hear about the 'kalan sağlananlar' (survivors) or 'kalan enkaz' (remaining debris) after a disaster.

Hesabımda kalan bakiyeyi göremiyorum.

Translation: I cannot see the remaining balance in my account.

English speakers often struggle with kalan because they try to use the passive voice or different adjectives like 'left' or 'leftover' which don't have direct one-to-one equivalents in Turkish. A common error is trying to say 'the money was left' using a passive verb when 'kalan para' (the staying money) is the more natural and common way to express the concept of 'remaining money.'

Confusing with 'Artık': Learners often confuse kalan with artık. While both can mean 'leftover,' artık usually refers to waste or scraps (like food scraps), whereas kalan is a neutral term for any remainder. Don't say 'artık süre' for remaining time; always use 'kalan süre.'
Word Order Errors: Because kalan acts as an adjective, it must come before the noun. Saying 'Para kalan' is incorrect; it must be 'Kalan para.' This follows the standard Turkish Adjective-Noun order.

Yanlış: Para kalan az.
Doğru: Kalan para az.

Explanation: Adjectives in Turkish must precede the noun.

Another mistake involves the mathematical use. In division, students might confuse 'kalan' (remainder) with 'bölüm' (quotient). Remember that kalan is what 'stays' behind because it couldn't be divided evenly. Also, avoid using kalan when you mean 'the rest of the people' in a social sense if you want to be formal; while 'kalanlar' works, 'geriye kalanlar' or 'diğerleri' (the others) might be more appropriate depending on the context.

Turkish has several words that overlap with kalan, each with its own nuance. Choosing the right one depends on whether you are talking about leftovers, the remainder of a group, or something that is surplus.

Artan vs. Kalan: Artan means 'surplus' or 'extra' (from the verb artmak - to increase/be extra). While kalan yemek is food that is left, artan yemek implies there was more than needed. Often they are interchangeable, but artan has a stronger sense of 'excess.'
Geriye Kalan vs. Kalan: Geriye kalan literally means 'that which remains behind.' It is slightly more formal and emphatic than just kalan. You use it when you want to contrast what has gone with what is left behind in a more dramatic or precise way.
Bakiye vs. Kalan: Bakiye is the formal, often financial term for 'balance.' While you can say kalan para, in a bank statement, you will see bakiye. Bakiye is of Arabic origin and sounds more technical.

Masada artan kumaşları ne yapacaksın?
Masada kalan kumaşları ne yapacaksın?

Note: 'Artan' implies extra/surplus, while 'kalan' simply means what is left.

How Formal Is It?

حقيقة ممتعة

The root 'kal-' is one of the oldest and most stable roots in Turkic languages, appearing in the Orkhon inscriptions from the 8th century.

دليل النطق

UK /kaˈɫan/

US /kɑˈlɑn/

The stress is on the second syllable: ka-LAN.

يتقافى مع

alan (area) yalan (lie) falan (and so on) salan (releasing) çalan (playing/stealing) dalan (diving) bulan (finding) gülen (laughing - vowel harmony variant)

أخطاء شائعة

Pronouncing the 'l' as a clear 'l' (like in 'leaf') instead of a dark 'l' (like in 'ball').
Stress on the first syllable.
Making the 'a' sound too short.

مستوى الصعوبة

القراءة 1/5

Very easy to recognize in text due to frequent usage.

الكتابة 2/5

Requires understanding of the -an participle suffix.

التحدث 2/5

Easy to pronounce, but requires correct word order (before the noun).

الاستماع 1/5

Very common in announcements and daily talk.

ماذا تتعلّم بعد ذلك

المتطلبات الأساسية

kalmak para zaman yemek giden

تعلّم لاحقاً

artan bakiye geriye sonuç fark

متقدم

mütebaki residü kalıntı beka istikrar

قواعد يجب معرفتها

Present Participle (-an/-en)

Koşan çocuk (The running child), Kalan para (The remaining money).

Ablative Case (-dan/-den) for Source

Okuldan kalan (Remaining from school).

Adjective Word Order

Adjectives like 'kalan' always precede the noun.

Noun Compounds

Kalan süresi (His/her remaining time).

Substantive Adjectives

Kalanlar (The remaining ones) - using an adjective as a noun.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

أمثلة حسب المستوى

Kalan elmalar nerede?

Where are the remaining apples?

Simple adjective use before a plural noun.

Sadece iki gün kalan.

Only two days remaining.

Used to indicate time left.

Kalan parayı bana ver.

Give me the remaining money.

Direct object with 'kalan' as adjective.

Tabakta kalan yemek soğuk.

The food remaining on the plate is cold.

Locative 'tabakta' modifies 'kalan'.

Kalan çay var mı?

Is there any remaining tea?

Asking for availability of leftovers.

Derse kalan süre az.

The time remaining for the lesson is short.

Dative 'derse' indicates the target of the time.

Kalan yolu yürüdük.

We walked the remaining road.

Accusative 'yolu' used with the verb 'yürümek'.

Kalan sütü iç.

Drink the remaining milk.

Imperative sentence.

Kalanı yarın bitiririz.

We will finish the rest tomorrow.

Kalan used as a noun with accusative suffix '-ı'.

Sınıfta kalan öğrenciler çalışıyor.

The students remaining in the class are studying.

Participle describing a group of people.

Onu böl, kalan kaç?

Divide it, what is the remainder?

Mathematical term for remainder.

Tatilden kalan fotoğraflara baktık.

We looked at the photos remaining (left) from the vacation.

Ablative 'tatilden' shows the source.

Kalanlar buraya gelsin.

Let those who stay come here.

Plural noun usage.

Kalan ömrünü burada geçirecek.

He will spend his remaining life here.

Possessive 'ömrünü' modified by 'kalan'.

Kalan işleri listeledim.

I listed the remaining tasks.

Professional context.

Cebimde kalan son bozukluk.

The last change remaining in my pocket.

Locative + Participle + Adjective sequence.

Bu savaştan geriye kalan sadece acı.

The only thing remaining from this war is pain.

Emphatic 'geriye kalan' construction.

Kalan enerjimi işe saklıyorum.

I am saving my remaining energy for work.

Abstract noun modification.

Kalan borcunu ne zaman ödeyeceksin?

When will you pay your remaining debt?

Financial context.

Gidenlerin ardından kalanlar ağladı.

Those who remained cried after those who left.

Contrast between 'gidenler' and 'kalanlar'.

Kalan süreyi iyi değerlendirmelisin.

You should make good use of the remaining time.

Modal '-malı' with 'kalan'.

Eski evden kalan tek anı bu anahtar.

This key is the only memory remaining from the old house.

Ablative source with abstract result.

Kalan her şeyi çöpe attı.

He threw everything remaining into the trash.

Indefinite pronoun 'her şeyi' modified by 'kalan'.

Kalan vaktimizde şehri gezdik.

We toured the city in our remaining time.

Possessive 'vaktimizde' with 'kalan'.

Projenin tamamlanmasına kalan süre kritik.

The time remaining for the completion of the project is critical.

Complex noun phrase as subject.

Kalan bakiye yetersiz olduğu için işlem yapılamadı.

The transaction could not be completed because the remaining balance was insufficient.

Formal financial terminology.

Yangından kalan enkaz temizleniyor.

The debris remaining from the fire is being cleared.

Passive voice verb with 'kalan' subject.

Kalan ömrünü sanata adamaya karar verdi.

She decided to dedicate her remaining life to art.

Dative 'adamaya' with 'kalan' phrase.

Kalan misafirler için ek yatak hazırlandı.

Extra beds were prepared for the remaining guests.

Dative 'misafirler için' with 'kalan'.

Bu anlaşmadan kalan pürüzleri gidermeliyiz.

We must eliminate the hitches remaining from this agreement.

Metaphorical use of 'pürüz' (hitch/roughness).

Kalan sağlarla yola devam edeceğiz.

We will continue the journey with those who remain healthy/alive.

Reference to the famous proverb.

Kalan kısmını sen halledebilir misin?

Can you handle the remaining part?

Collocation 'kalan kısım'.

Moderniteden kalan bu boşluk hissi tarif edilemez.

This feeling of emptiness remaining from modernity is indescribable.

Highly abstract/philosophical usage.

Kalan mirasın taksimi aylar sürdü.

The distribution of the remaining inheritance took months.

Legal context.

Yıkılan imparatorluktan kalan kültürel miras çok zengin.

The cultural heritage remaining from the collapsed empire is very rich.

Historical/Academic context.

Kalan ömrün her saniyesi artık daha kıymetli.

Every second of the remaining life is now more precious.

Existential tone.

Geriye kalan tek seçenek istifa etmekti.

The only remaining option was to resign.

Logical deduction.

Kalan tortu, deneyin başarısız olduğunu gösteriyordu.

The remaining residue showed that the experiment had failed.

Scientific/Technical context.

Kalan günlerini huzur içinde geçirmek istiyordu.

He wanted to spend his remaining days in peace.

Narrative style.

Fırtınadan kalan sessizlik ürkütücüydü.

The silence remaining after the storm was eerie.

Literary personification of silence.

Ontolojik bir sorgulamadan kalan bakiye, insanın hiçliğidir.

The balance remaining from an ontological inquiry is the nothingness of man.

Philosophical jargon.

Kalan mütebaki borçlar için icra takibi başlatıldı.

Legal proceedings were initiated for the remaining residual debts.

Archaic/Legal 'mütebaki' used alongside 'kalan'.

Kalanlar, gidenlerin bıraktığı boşluğu doldurmaya yetmiyor.

Those who remain are not enough to fill the void left by those who have gone.

Poetic/Existential contrast.

Metinden kalan anlam kırıntıları bile çok değerli.

Even the crumbs of meaning remaining from the text are very valuable.

Literary analysis.

Kalan sağların hikayesi, asıl trajediyi barındırır.

The story of the survivors contains the actual tragedy.

Deep cultural/proverbial subversion.

Zihnimde kalan bu silik görüntü kime ait?

To whom does this faint image remaining in my mind belong?

Cognitive/Psychological context.

Kalan zamanın daralması, yaratıcılığı tetikler.

The narrowing of remaining time triggers creativity.

Abstract causal relationship.

Kalan mirasın ağırlığı altında eziliyordu.

He was being crushed under the weight of the remaining legacy.

Metaphorical 'weight'.

تلازمات شائعة

kalan süre

kalan para

kalan işler

kalan ömür

kalan bakiye

kalan miras

kalan sağlar

kalan kısım

kalan miktar

kalan tortu

العبارات الشائعة

Kalan sağlar bizimdir.

— A proverb meaning we focus on those who survived or stayed loyal.

Birçok kişi işten ayrıldı ama kalan sağlar bizimdir.

Geriye kalan...

— Used to introduce the only thing that is left.

Geriye kalan tek şey umut.

Kalanı kalsın.

— Keep the change or leave the rest.

Paranın kalanı kalsın, bahşiş olsun.

Kalan sürede...

— In the remaining time...

Kalan sürede ödevimi bitirdim.

Kalan her şey...

— Everything else that remains...

Kalan her şeyi yarın taşırız.

Kalan borç.

— The remaining debt.

Kalan borcumu taksitlendirdim.

Kalan ömür.

— Remaining lifespan.

Kalan ömrümde seyahat edeceğim.

Sınıfta kalan.

— A student who fails a grade (literally stays in the class).

Sınıfta kalan öğrenciler üzgündü.

Yolda kalan.

— Someone stranded on the road (e.g., car breakdown).

Yolda kalanlara yardım ettik.

Kalan sağlar.

— The survivors.

Kalan sağlarla kamp kurduk.

يُخلط عادةً مع

kalan vs artan

Artan means 'surplus' or 'extra'. Kalan is just 'remaining'.

kalan vs geride

Geride means 'behind' (location). Kalan is 'remaining' (quantity/state).

kalan vs başka

Başka means 'other' or 'another'. Kalan is specifically what is left from a set.

تعبيرات اصطلاحية

"Giden gitsin, kalan sağlar bizimdir."

— Don't worry about those who leave; focus on those who stay.

İstifalar bizi üzmedi, kalan sağlar bizimdir.

informal/proverbial

"Sınıfta kalmak"

— To fail a class or to fail at a task miserably.

Bu sınavda sınıfta kaldım.

neutral

"Yolda kalmak"

— To be stranded or for a vehicle to break down.

Arabamız bozulunca yolda kaldık.

neutral

"Açıkta kalmak"

— To be left without a home, job, or place.

Ev bulamazsak açıkta kalacağız.

informal

"Arada kalmak"

— To be stuck between two choices or people.

İki arkadaşımın arasında kaldım.

neutral

"Geride kalmak"

— To fall behind or to be a thing of the past.

Teknolojide geride kaldık.

neutral

"Altta kalmak"

— To be crushed or to be the loser in an argument.

Lafın altında kalmam.

informal

"Darda kalmak"

— To be in financial or emotional difficulty.

Darda kalınca beni ara.

neutral

"Geç kalmak"

— To be late.

Okula geç kaldım.

neutral

"Sağ kalmak"

— To survive.

Kazadan sağ kalan tek kişi oydu.

neutral

سهل الخلط

kalan vs artık

Both can mean 'leftover'.

'Artık' often implies waste or something no longer useful. 'Kalan' is neutral.

Yemek artığı (food waste) vs. Kalan yemek (the rest of the food).

kalan vs bakiye

Both mean 'balance'.

'Bakiye' is formal/financial. 'Kalan' is general.

Bankadaki bakiye vs. Cebimdeki kalan para.

kalan vs diğer

Both can refer to 'the rest'.

'Diğer' means 'other'. 'Kalan' means 'what remains'.

Diğer elmalar (the other apples) vs. Kalan elmalar (the remaining apples).

kalan vs sonraki

Sometimes used for 'the rest of the time'.

'Sonraki' means 'the next'. 'Kalan' means 'the remaining'.

Sonraki gün (the next day) vs. Kalan gün (the remaining day).

kalan vs kalıntı

Both come from 'kalmak'.

'Kalıntı' is a noun for physical ruins/residue. 'Kalan' is a participle/adjective.

Tarihi kalıntı (historical ruin) vs. Kalan tarih (remaining history).

أنماط الجُمل

Kalan [Noun]

Kalan ekmek.

[Noun]-dan kalan [Noun]

Yemekten kalan ekmek.

Geriye kalan [Noun]

Geriye kalan tek soru.

Kalan [Noun] [Verb]

Kalan süre yetmedi.

[Verb]-an/-en'den kalan

Gidenden kalan boşluk.

Kalan [Noun]-in [Noun]-i

Kalan ömrün sonbaharı.

Kalan [Number] [Noun]

Kalan üç gün.

Kalanı [Verb]

Kalanı bana anlat.

عائلة الكلمة

الأسماء

kalıntı (ruin/remnant)

kalım (staying/survival)

kalacak (place to stay)

الأفعال

kalmak (to stay)

kaldırmak (to lift/remove)

kalakalmak (to be petrified/stuck)

الصفات

kalıcı (permanent)

kalımsal (survival-related)

مرتبط

beklemek (to wait)

durmak (to stop/stand)

artmak (to increase/be extra)

giden (the one who leaves)

bakiye (balance)

سجّل مجاناً لرؤية جميع الأمثلة

كيفية الاستخدام

frequency

Extremely frequent; in the top 500 most used Turkish words.

أخطاء شائعة

Para kalan az. → Kalan para az.
Adjectives must precede the noun in Turkish.
Artık süremiz yok. → Kalan süremiz yok.
Use 'kalan' for time, not 'artık' (which means waste or 'anymore').
Kalanlar gidenleri. → Kalanlar gidenlerin ardından baktı.
Ensure proper case usage and sentence structure when using 'kalan' as a noun.
Bölümde kalan üç. → Bölme işleminde kalan üç.
In math, 'kalan' is the remainder, 'bölüm' is the quotient. Don't confuse the two.
Kalan yemekleri çöpe attı. → Artan yemekleri çöpe attı.
While 'kalan' works, 'artan' is better for food that is extra/waste.

نصائح

Word Order

Always place 'kalan' before the noun it describes. 'Kalan para' (Remaining money), not 'Para kalan'.

Math Connection

If you are a student, remember 'kalan' as 'remainder'. It helps link the word to the concept of 'what is left'.

Taxi Tip

Say 'Kalanı kalsın' to leave a tip. It's the most natural way to say 'Keep the change'.

Announcements

Listen for 'kalan süre' at bus stops. It's the best real-world practice for this word.

The One Who Stays

Understand that 'kalan' often carries a sense of loyalty or survival in Turkish stories.

Using Ablative

Use the '-dan' suffix to show where the remainder came from: 'Dünden kalan yemek' (Food remaining from yesterday).

Calendar Trick

Think of KALendar for KALan days.

Sınıfta Kalmak

This means 'to fail a grade'. Literally 'to stay in the class' for another year.

Geriye Kalan

Use 'geriye kalan' when you want to sound more poetic or precise.

Interchangeability

In many cases, you can use 'kalan' and 'artan' interchangeably, but 'kalan' is more common for time.

احفظها

وسيلة تذكّر

Think of a 'CALendar' (similar to 'KALan'). What is 'kalan' on a calendar? The 'remaining' days!

ربط بصري

Imagine a half-eaten pizza. The slices that are still in the box are the 'kalan' slices.

Word Web

kalmak kalan süre kalan para kalanlar geriye kalan artan bakiye remainder

تحدٍّ

Try to use 'kalan' three times today: once for time, once for money, and once for food.

أصل الكلمة

Derived from the Old Turkic root 'kal-' (to stay, remain). The suffix '-an' is the standard Oghuz Turkic present participle suffix.

المعنى الأصلي: That which stays behind or remains in place.

Turkic Language Family.

السياق الثقافي

No specific sensitivities, but be mindful when using it to describe people (survivors) in tragic contexts.

English speakers use 'left' (e.g., '3 days left'). Turkish uses 'kalan' (e.g., '3 gün kalan'). English often uses passive 'is remaining', while Turkish uses the active participle form.

Kalan Müzik (A famous Turkish record label specializing in traditional music) Giden gitsin, kalan sağlar bizimdir (Popular proverb) Kalanlar (A novel by various authors exploring themes of staying behind)

تدرّب في الحياة الواقعية

سياقات واقعية

Shopping

Kalan para ne kadar?
Kalan elmaları alıyorum.
Başka kalan var mı?
Kalanı kalsın.

School/Exam

Kalan süre beş dakika.
Sınıfta kalan var mı?
Kalan soruları çözün.
Sınava kalan gün sayısı.

Restaurant

Kalanı paket yapar mısınız?
Masada kalan su.
Kalan yemekler.
Kalan hesabı ödeyeceğim.

Banking

Kalan bakiye.
Kalan borç miktarı.
Kalan limitiniz.
Kalan taksit sayısı.

Travel

Kalan mesafe.
Kalan yol süresi.
Otobüse kalan zaman.
Yolda kalan araç.

بدايات محادثة

"Bu projede kalan işler neler?"

"Tatilden kalan en güzel anın hangisi?"

"Bugün için kalan vaktinde ne yapacaksın?"

"Cebinde kalan son parayla ne alırdın?"

"Sence giden mi daha çok üzülür, kalan mı?"

مواضيع للكتابة اليومية

Bugünden geriye kalan en önemli olay neydi?

Kalan ömründe mutlaka yapmak istediğin üç şey nedir?

Eski bir arkadaşından sana kalan bir hatırayı anlat.

Kalan vaktini nasıl daha verimli kullanabilirsin?

Bir tartışmadan sonra sende kalan duyguları yaz.

الأسئلة الشائعة

10 أسئلة

Yes, 'kalanlar' means 'those who stay' or 'survivors.' For example, 'Savaşta kalanlar' (Those who remained in the war).

'Kalan' is simply what stays. 'Artan' implies there was an excess or surplus. If you have 5 apples and eat 3, 2 are 'kalan.' If you needed 3 apples but bought 5, 2 are 'artan.'

You say 'Kalan üç gün' or 'Üç gün kaldı' (Three days remained/stayed).

It is neutral. It can be used in casual conversation and formal reports. For very formal financial contexts, 'bakiye' is preferred.

Yes, 'kitabın kalan kısmı' or simply 'kitabın kalanı' is perfect.

No, it is a participle (adjective/noun) derived from the verb 'kalmak'.

In '10 ÷ 3 = 3 (remainder 1)', the 1 is the 'kalan'. You would say 'Kalan bir'.

It means 'that which remains behind.' It is often used for emphasis or in more descriptive sentences.

Yes, it means 'I have no remaining time' or 'I don't have time left'.

The word itself is fixed, but if you add suffixes, they follow vowel harmony (e.g., kalan-lar, kalan-ı).

سجّل مجاناً للنصائح والملاحظات