A1 · Anfänger Kapitel 1

Starting with the Basics

5 Gesamtregeln
58 Beispiele
5 Min.
Regeln in diesem Kapitel Schnelle Übung

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Master the essential building blocks to start speaking English with confidence and clarity today.

  • Identify the correct forms of 'to be' and 'have'.
  • Describe existence using 'there is' and 'there are'.
  • Apply subject-verb agreement rules to build accurate sentences.
Unlock the power to speak your first English sentences.

Was du lernen wirst

Ready to take your first exciting steps in English? Here, we'll learn to confidently make sentences that feel just right, like saying 'I am' or talking about what 'there is'. Soon, you'll be building clear, basic sentences all on your own!

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: Construct simple sentences describing your identity, environment, and possessions.

Kapitel-Leitfaden

Overview

Imagine unlocking the very first doors to speaking English! This guide is your friendly helper, designed to get you comfortable with the absolute basics so you can start communicating right away. Mastering these fundamental building blocks is super important for anyone starting with the basics in English for beginners.
We’re talking about learning how to introduce yourself, describe simple things around you, and even talk about what's happening now. It’s like learning your ABCs before writing a story!
In this chapter, we'll dive into the magic of the verb 'to be' (that's am, is, are), which helps us describe who we are, where we are, and how we feel. We'll also explore how to say something exists using 'there is' and 'there are', and get super clear on how words like have change for different people. Plus, we’ll learn the clever ways English uses words like 'it' and 'there' for everyday talk about time and weather.
By the end, you'll feel confident as you learn English A1 grammar and build clear, simple sentences all on your own. Let's make English fun and easy!

How This Grammar Works

At the heart of simple English sentences are a few key patterns that help us describe the world. First up is the verb 'to be', which is essential for identity, location, and feelings. For example, I am happy, You are a student, She is in London.
Notice how 'to be' changes: am with I, is with he/she/it, and are with you/we/they. This is a core part of matching subjects and verbs, making sure your sentences sound correct.
Next, when we want to say that something exists, or that it's in a certain place, we use 'there is' for one thing and 'there are' for many things. So, you might say, There is a book on the table (one book), or There are two pens here (many pens). This is another example of subject-verb agreement in action, where the verb (is or are) matches the noun that follows (a book or two pens).
The verb 'have' is also crucial for possession. Like 'to be', it changes based on the subject. Most of the time, we use have (e.g., I have a car, We have a meeting).
But there's a special rule for he, she, and it: they use 'has'. For example, He has a new phone, She has a great idea. This s ending for he/she/it is a common pattern in present simple verbs in English, often called the 'S' Rule.
Finally, we use 'it' and 'there' in specific ways. 'It' is often used for general conditions like time and weather: It is sunny, It is 3 o'clock. And 'there' is used to introduce the existence of something, as we saw with 'there is/are': There are many people here.
These simple structures are your toolkit for forming countless basic English sentences.

Common Mistakes

  1. 1Mixing up 'is' and 'are' with 'there'
✗ There are a big problem.
✓ There is a big problem.
Explanation: Remember, the verb (is or are) should agree with the noun *after* 'there'. 'A big problem' is singular, so it needs is.
  1. 1Forgetting the 's' with 'have' for 'he/she/it'
✗ She have a cat.
✓ She has a cat.
Explanation: For he, she, and it, the verb 'have' changes to has in the present simple. This is a very common S rule to learn!
  1. 1Incorrectly using 'it' for existence instead of 'there'
✗ It is a nice park in the city.
✓ There is a nice park in the city.
Explanation: Use it for general statements about weather, time, or opinions (It is cold, It is good). Use there to introduce the existence or presence of something.

Real Conversations

At the Café

A

A

Hello! There is a table free by the window.
B

B

Oh, great! Is it for two people?
A

A

Yes, it is.
B

B

Perfect! Thank you.

Meeting a New Friend

A

A

Hi, I am Anna. Nice to meet you.
B

B

Hi Anna, I am Tom. You are from Spain, right?
A

A

Yes, I am. And you are from England?
B

B

That's right! I have a brother here.

In the Office

A

A

Good morning! Is it 9 o'clock already?
B

B

Almost! There are many emails today.
A

A

Oh, I see! He has a lot of work too.

Quick FAQ

Q

How do I know when to use am, is, or are in English?

You use am with I (I am). You use is with he, she, and it (He is, She is, It is). You use are with you, we, and they (You are, We are, They are). It's all about matching the right form of 'to be' to the person or thing you're talking about!

Q

What's the main difference between there is and it is?

There is tells you that something exists or is located somewhere (There is a coffee shop nearby). It is tells you about the condition, time, or characteristic of something already known or generally understood (It is cold today, It is my favorite color).

Q

Why does have change to has sometimes?

In English, for present simple sentences, the verb 'have' changes to 'has' only when the subject is 'he', 'she', or 'it' (or a singular noun that represents them, like 'my friend' or 'the dog'). For all other subjects (I, you, we, they), it stays have.

Cultural Context

Native English speakers use these basic patterns constantly, often shortening them in casual speech. For example, I am becomes I'm, there is becomes there's, and it is becomes it's. This informal contraction is very common and makes speech flow faster.
While grammatically simple, these structures are the foundation of almost every conversation, from formal meetings to chatting with friends.

Wichtige Beispiele (8)

1

I am a new student at SubLearn.

Ich bin ein neuer Student bei SubLearn.

Das Verb 'sein' (am, is, are)
2

She is very tall for her age.

Sie ist sehr groß für ihr Alter.

Das Verb 'sein' (am, is, are)
3

There's a notification on your phone.

Es gibt eine Benachrichtigung auf deinem Handy.

Es gibt... (There is / There are)
4

There are five people in this Zoom meeting.

Es sind fünf Leute in diesem Zoom-Meeting.

Es gibt... (There is / There are)
5

I **drink** water every morning.

Ich trinke jeden Morgen Wasser.

Subjekt und Verb in Übereinstimmung: Die 'S'-Regel (Subjekt-Verb-Konkordanz)
6

He **plays** video games after work.

Er spielt nach der Arbeit Videospiele.

Subjekt und Verb in Übereinstimmung: Die 'S'-Regel (Subjekt-Verb-Konkordanz)
7

I have a lot of homework tonight.

Ich habe heute Abend viele Hausaufgaben.

Verb 'have': Simple Present Formen (I have / He has)
8

She has a beautiful voice for singing.

Sie hat eine schöne Stimme zum Singen.

Verb 'have': Simple Present Formen (I have / He has)

Tipps & Tricks (4)

💡

Übe mit Pronomen

Denk immer zuerst an das Personalpronomen (I, you, he, she, it, we, they). Das verrät dir sofort, ob du 'am', 'is' oder 'are' benutzen musst.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Das Verb 'sein' (am, is, are)
⚠️

Die "It Is" Falle

Sag niemals
It is a cat in the garden
, wenn du meinst, dass eine Katze da ist. It is benutzt du nur für Beschreibungen (It is black) oder Wetter (It is raining). Stell dir vor, du siehst einen Freund und sagst:
It is cold today.
Du beschreibst das Wetter, nicht, dass es existiert.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Es gibt... (There is / There are)
💡

Finde die 'S'-Subjekte

Prüfe immer, ob dein Subjekt 'he', 'she', 'it' oder eine einzelne Person/Sache ist. Wenn ja, braucht dein Verb wahrscheinlich ein kleines '-s' am Ende. Das ist deine schnelle Checkliste! She drinks coffee.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Subjekt und Verb in Übereinstimmung: Die 'S'-Regel (Subjekt-Verb-Konkordanz)
💡

Subjekt und Verb müssen passen

Check immer dein Subjekt! Ist es 'I', 'you', 'we', 'they' (oder ein Plural-Nomen)? Dann nimm 'have'. Ist es 'he', 'she', 'it' (oder ein Singular-Nomen)? Dann nimm 'has'. Das ist die goldene Regel für 'have'!
I have a car. She has a car.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Verb 'have': Simple Present Formen (I have / He has)

Wichtige Vokabeln (6)

I first-person singular is singular state of being have possession there place/existence marker it impersonal subject sun celestial object/weather

Real-World Preview

message-circle

Meeting a New Friend

Review Summary

  • Subject + am/is/are + complement
  • There + is/are + noun
  • Subject (3rd person) + Verb+s
  • Subject + have/has + object
  • It + is + adjective

Häufige Fehler

The verb 'to be' changes based on the subject. 'I' always pairs with 'am'.

Wrong: I is a student.
Richtig: I am a student.

When the subject is 'he', 'she', or 'it', use 'has' instead of 'have'.

Wrong: She have a car.
Richtig: She has a car.

Use 'is' for single items and 'are' for multiple items.

Wrong: There are a pen.
Richtig: There is a pen.

Next Steps

You've built a solid foundation. Keep that momentum going into Chapter 2!

Describe your room out loud using 'There is' and 'I have'.

Continue to: Dein Alltag auf Englisch: So meisterst du die Gegenwart!

Schnelle Übung (10)

Wähle die richtige Form von 'have'.

My best friend ___ a fantastic sense of humor.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: has
'My best friend' ist ein Subjekt im Singular (er/sie), also nimmt es die Form 'has'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Verb 'have': Simple Present Formen (I have / He has)

Du liest eine Restaurantbewertung

There ___ only two vegetarian options on the menu.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: are
'Two vegetarian options' ist Plural, also brauchen wir 'there are'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Es gibt... (There is / There are)

Finde und korrigiere den Fehler.

Find and fix the mistake:

You is very kind.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: You are very kind.
Das Subjekt 'You' nimmt immer 'are', egal ob es Singular oder Plural ist.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Das Verb 'sein' (am, is, are)

Wähle die korrekte Verbform.

She ___ a new book every week.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: reads
Das Subjekt 'She' ist die dritte Person Singular, also braucht das Verb 'read' ein '-s', um 'reads' zu werden.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Subjekt und Verb in Übereinstimmung: Die 'S'-Regel (Subjekt-Verb-Konkordanz)

Du beschreibst deinem Freund deine neue Wohnung

There ___ a huge balcony with a city view!

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: is
'A huge balcony' ist Singular, also benutzen wir 'there is'. Perfekt, um Orte zu beschreiben!

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Es gibt... (There is / There are)

Welcher Satz ist richtig?

Wähle den richtigen Satz:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: It is 5 PM.
'It' wird verwendet, um über die Uhrzeit zu sprechen.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Verwendung von 'It' und 'There' (Zeit, Wetter & Existenz)

Was klingt richtig, wenn du nach einem Hotel fragst?

You call a hotel and ask:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Are there any rooms available?
'Rooms' ist Plural → 'are there'. Drehe die Wörter um, um eine Frage zu stellen. Super nützlich für Reisen!

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Es gibt... (There is / There are)

Finde und korrigiere den Fehler.

Find and fix the mistake:

There is two students in the classroom.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: There are two students in the classroom.
Das Verb 'are' muss mit dem Plural-Nomen 'students' übereinstimmen.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Verwendung von 'It' und 'There' (Zeit, Wetter & Existenz)

Welcher Satz ist richtig?

Wähle den korrekten Satz:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: She likes to watch movies.
Für 'She' (dritte Person Singular) wird das Verb 'like' korrekt zu 'likes'. 'They' ist Plural, also sollte es 'like' sein. 'He' ist Singular, also sollte es 'likes' sein.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Subjekt und Verb in Übereinstimmung: Die 'S'-Regel (Subjekt-Verb-Konkordanz)

Finde und korrigiere den Fehler im Satz.

Find and fix the mistake:

We has a big exam next Monday.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: We have a big exam next Monday.
'We' ist ein Subjekt im Plural, also ist die richtige Form 'have', nicht 'has'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Verb 'have': Simple Present Formen (I have / He has)

Score: /10

Häufige Fragen (6)

Das Verb 'to be' beschreibt hauptsächlich Identität, Eigenschaften, Gefühle oder den Ort eines Subjekts. Es verbindet das Subjekt mit weiteren Infos darüber, wie in 'I am happy' oder: 'She is a doctor'.
'To be' ist ein unregelmäßiges Verb, das heißt, es folgt keiner einfachen Regel. Seine verschiedenen Formen (am, is, are) sind nötig, um zu den unterschiedlichen Subjekten (I, he/she/it, you/we/they) zu passen.
Der Unterschied ist die Menge. Benutze 'There is' für eine Person oder Sache (singular) und 'There are' für zwei oder mehr (plural). Denk dran:
There is a cookie
(ein Keks) versus
There are three cookies
(drei Kekse).
Grammatikalisch korrekt ist das nicht. In einem Englischtest wäre das falsch. Aber in lockerer Unterhaltung nutzen viele Native Speaker 'There's' auch für Plural, weil es einfacher klingt. "There's two new movies out."
Ganz einfach: Das Verb in einem Satz muss zum Subjekt passen. Wenn du ein Subjekt hast, bekommt das Verb oft eine spezielle Form; wenn du viele hast, eine andere. Sie sind wie Tanzpartner, immer im Gleichschritt!
He sings, they sing.
Weil die auffälligste Änderung für Anfänger in der Gegenwartsform (Present Simple) ist, ein '-s' an das Verb zu hängen, wenn das Subjekt 'he', 'she', 'it' oder ein anderes einzelnes Nomen ist. Es ist ein praktischer Spitzname für ein wichtiges Muster! She works here.
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