A1 · 入门 章节 1

Starting with the Basics

5 总规则
58 例句
5 分钟
本章规则 快速练习

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Master the essential building blocks to start speaking English with confidence and clarity today.

  • Identify the correct forms of 'to be' and 'have'.
  • Describe existence using 'there is' and 'there are'.
  • Apply subject-verb agreement rules to build accurate sentences.
Unlock the power to speak your first English sentences.

你将学到什么

Ready to take your first exciting steps in English? Here, we'll learn to confidently make sentences that feel just right, like saying 'I am' or talking about what 'there is'. Soon, you'll be building clear, basic sentences all on your own!

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: Construct simple sentences describing your identity, environment, and possessions.

章节指南

Overview

Imagine unlocking the very first doors to speaking English! This guide is your friendly helper, designed to get you comfortable with the absolute basics so you can start communicating right away. Mastering these fundamental building blocks is super important for anyone starting with the basics in English for beginners.
We’re talking about learning how to introduce yourself, describe simple things around you, and even talk about what's happening now. It’s like learning your ABCs before writing a story!
In this chapter, we'll dive into the magic of the verb 'to be' (that's am, is, are), which helps us describe who we are, where we are, and how we feel. We'll also explore how to say something exists using 'there is' and 'there are', and get super clear on how words like have change for different people. Plus, we’ll learn the clever ways English uses words like 'it' and 'there' for everyday talk about time and weather.
By the end, you'll feel confident as you learn English A1 grammar and build clear, simple sentences all on your own. Let's make English fun and easy!

How This Grammar Works

At the heart of simple English sentences are a few key patterns that help us describe the world. First up is the verb 'to be', which is essential for identity, location, and feelings. For example, I am happy, You are a student, She is in London.
Notice how 'to be' changes: am with I, is with he/she/it, and are with you/we/they. This is a core part of matching subjects and verbs, making sure your sentences sound correct.
Next, when we want to say that something exists, or that it's in a certain place, we use 'there is' for one thing and 'there are' for many things. So, you might say, There is a book on the table (one book), or There are two pens here (many pens). This is another example of subject-verb agreement in action, where the verb (is or are) matches the noun that follows (a book or two pens).
The verb 'have' is also crucial for possession. Like 'to be', it changes based on the subject. Most of the time, we use have (e.g., I have a car, We have a meeting).
But there's a special rule for he, she, and it: they use 'has'. For example, He has a new phone, She has a great idea. This s ending for he/she/it is a common pattern in present simple verbs in English, often called the 'S' Rule.
Finally, we use 'it' and 'there' in specific ways. 'It' is often used for general conditions like time and weather: It is sunny, It is 3 o'clock. And 'there' is used to introduce the existence of something, as we saw with 'there is/are': There are many people here.
These simple structures are your toolkit for forming countless basic English sentences.

Common Mistakes

  1. 1Mixing up 'is' and 'are' with 'there'
✗ There are a big problem.
✓ There is a big problem.
Explanation: Remember, the verb (is or are) should agree with the noun *after* 'there'. 'A big problem' is singular, so it needs is.
  1. 1Forgetting the 's' with 'have' for 'he/she/it'
✗ She have a cat.
✓ She has a cat.
Explanation: For he, she, and it, the verb 'have' changes to has in the present simple. This is a very common S rule to learn!
  1. 1Incorrectly using 'it' for existence instead of 'there'
✗ It is a nice park in the city.
✓ There is a nice park in the city.
Explanation: Use it for general statements about weather, time, or opinions (It is cold, It is good). Use there to introduce the existence or presence of something.

Real Conversations

At the Café

A

A

Hello! There is a table free by the window.
B

B

Oh, great! Is it for two people?
A

A

Yes, it is.
B

B

Perfect! Thank you.

Meeting a New Friend

A

A

Hi, I am Anna. Nice to meet you.
B

B

Hi Anna, I am Tom. You are from Spain, right?
A

A

Yes, I am. And you are from England?
B

B

That's right! I have a brother here.

In the Office

A

A

Good morning! Is it 9 o'clock already?
B

B

Almost! There are many emails today.
A

A

Oh, I see! He has a lot of work too.

Quick FAQ

Q

How do I know when to use am, is, or are in English?

You use am with I (I am). You use is with he, she, and it (He is, She is, It is). You use are with you, we, and they (You are, We are, They are). It's all about matching the right form of 'to be' to the person or thing you're talking about!

Q

What's the main difference between there is and it is?

There is tells you that something exists or is located somewhere (There is a coffee shop nearby). It is tells you about the condition, time, or characteristic of something already known or generally understood (It is cold today, It is my favorite color).

Q

Why does have change to has sometimes?

In English, for present simple sentences, the verb 'have' changes to 'has' only when the subject is 'he', 'she', or 'it' (or a singular noun that represents them, like 'my friend' or 'the dog'). For all other subjects (I, you, we, they), it stays have.

Cultural Context

Native English speakers use these basic patterns constantly, often shortening them in casual speech. For example, I am becomes I'm, there is becomes there's, and it is becomes it's. This informal contraction is very common and makes speech flow faster.
While grammatically simple, these structures are the foundation of almost every conversation, from formal meetings to chatting with friends.

关键例句 (6)

1

I am a new student at SubLearn.

我是SubLearn的新学生。

动词 'to be' (am, is, are)
2

She is very tall for her age.

她这个年纪算很高了。

动词 'to be' (am, is, are)
3

I **drink** water every morning.

Yo bebo agua todas las mañanas.

主谓一致：'S'规则 (主谓一致)
4

He **plays** video games after work.

Él juega videojuegos después del trabajo.

主谓一致：'S'规则 (主谓一致)
5

It is hot today.

今天很热。

使用 'It' 和 'There'（时间、天气和存在）
6

There is a cat on the sofa.

沙发上有一只猫。

使用 'It' 和 'There'（时间、天气和存在）

技巧与窍门 (4)

💡

和代词一起练习

总是先想想句子的主语代词（I, you, he, she, it, we, they）。这样你就能立刻知道是用 “am”, “is” 还是 “are” 了。比如 “I am a teacher.”
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 动词 'to be' (am, is, are)
⚠️

别掉进 It Is 的陷阱

想表达“花园里有一只猫”时，千万别说
It is a cat in the garden
。记住，It is 是用来描述特征的，比如
It is a black cat.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 有... (There is / There are)
💡

The 'Does' Magnet

Always remember that 'Does' is like a magnet. It pulls the 's' away from the main verb. If you see 'does' or 'doesn't', the main verb must be 'naked' (no 's').
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 主谓一致：'S'规则 (主谓一致)
💡

主谓一致小口诀

数数你的主语！如果是 I, you, we, they，就选 have。如果是 he, she, it，就选 has。这就是“有”字的金律：“I have a dream.”
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 动词 'have'：一般现在时形式 (I have / He has)

核心词汇 (6)

I first-person singular is singular state of being have possession there place/existence marker it impersonal subject sun celestial object/weather

Real-World Preview

message-circle

Meeting a New Friend

Review Summary

  • Subject + am/is/are + complement
  • There + is/are + noun
  • Subject (3rd person) + Verb+s
  • Subject + have/has + object
  • It + is + adjective

常见错误

The verb 'to be' changes based on the subject. 'I' always pairs with 'am'.

Wrong: I is a student.
正确: I am a student.

When the subject is 'he', 'she', or 'it', use 'has' instead of 'have'.

Wrong: She have a car.
正确: She has a car.

Use 'is' for single items and 'are' for multiple items.

Wrong: There are a pen.
正确: There is a pen.

Next Steps

You've built a solid foundation. Keep that momentum going into Chapter 2!

Describe your room out loud using 'There is' and 'I have'.

Continue to: Present Tenses

快速练习 (10)

请选择正确的 have 形式。

My best friend ___ a fantastic sense of humor.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: has
“我的好朋友”是单数，相当于 he 或 she，所以用 has。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 动词 'have'：一般现在时形式 (I have / He has)

选择正确的 “it” 或 “there” 形式。

___ is raining outside.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: It
'It' 用于表达天气状况，如 'raining'。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 使用 'It' 和 'There'（时间、天气和存在）

Which sentence is correct?

Select the grammatically correct question.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Does she have a car?
In questions, 'does' is used and 'have' returns to base form.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 主谓一致：'S'规则 (主谓一致)

哪个句子是正确的？

选择正确的句子：

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: It is 5 PM.
'It' 用于谈论时间。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 使用 'It' 和 'There'（时间、天气和存在）

Fill in the blank.

The sun ___ (rise) in the east.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: rises
The sun is an 'It', so we add 's'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 主谓一致：'S'规则 (主谓一致)

Complete the sentence with the correct form of the verb in brackets.

She ___ (watch) movies every Friday.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: watches
Verbs ending in -ch need -es.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 主谓一致：'S'规则 (主谓一致)

选择正确的be动词形式。

My sister ___ a doctor.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: is
主语'My sister'是单数，所以我们用'is'。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 动词 'to be' (am, is, are)

找出并改正错误。

Find and fix the mistake:

There is two students in the classroom.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: There are two students in the classroom.
动词 'are' 必须与复数名词 'students' 一致。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 使用 'It' 和 'There'（时间、天气和存在）

找出并改正错误。

Find and fix the mistake:

You is very kind.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: You are very kind.
主语'You'总是搭配'are'，无论它是单数还是复数。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 动词 'to be' (am, is, are)

找出并改正句子中的错误。

Find and fix the mistake:

We has a big exam next Monday.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: We have a big exam next Monday.
We 是复数主语，正确的形式是 have。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 动词 'have'：一般现在时形式 (I have / He has)

Score: /10

常见问题 (6)

be动词主要是用来指示主语的身份、描述其特征、陈述感受或指出其位置。它把主语和关于它的更多信息连接起来，比如 “I am happy” （我很高兴）或 “She is a doctor” （她是一名医生）。
be动词是一个不规则动词，这意味着它不遵循简单的变化模式。它的不同形式（am, is, are）是为了和不同的主语（I, he/she/it, you/we/they）保持一致。
区别在于数量。一个东西用 There is，两个及以上用 There are。例如：
There is a cookie
对比
There are three cookies
。
技术上不行，考试会算错。但在日常聊天中，很多母语者为了省事会说 "There's" 接复数。
It's a historical leftover from Old English. Most other person-endings disappeared over time, but the third-person singular 's' survived. It helps distinguish the subject in a sentence.
No. Even if 'they' refers to a single person (singular they), it always takes the plural verb form: They work here, not They works here.
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Present Tenses
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