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A2 noun #2,200 am häufigsten 5 Min. Lesezeit

حجم

hajm
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At the A1 level, you can think of 'حجم' (Hajm) as a word for 'size' in a 3D way. Imagine a big box and a small box. The big box has more 'حجم'. You might hear it when talking about simple things like a 'big book' or 'lots of water'. It's about how much space something takes up. Think of it like a balloon; when you blow air into it, its 'حجم' gets bigger.
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At the A2 level, you start using 'حجم' for more practical things. The most common use is 'حجم اینترنت' (Internet data). When you buy a SIM card, you ask about the 'حجم'. You also use it for 'حجم کار' (workload). If you have five pieces of homework, you have a high 'حجم کار'. It's a noun that helps you describe why something is 'too much' or 'not enough' in terms of space or quantity.
At the B1 level, 'حجم' becomes a tool for more detailed descriptions. You use it in science or math to talk about the volume of shapes (like a cube or cylinder). You also use it in business contexts, like 'حجم فروش' (sales volume). You understand that 'حجم' isn't just about physical size but also about the intensity of an activity. For example, 'حجم ترافیک' (traffic volume) describes how crowded the streets are.
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At the B2 level, you use 'حجم' in abstract and professional ways. You might discuss the 'حجم سرمایه‌گذاری' (investment volume) in a country or the 'حجم مبادلات تجاری' (volume of trade). You can use it to describe the complexity of a project. You also start to see it in literature or higher-level journalism to describe the 'bulk' of an argument or the 'extent' of a problem.
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At the C1 level, you appreciate the nuances of 'حجم'. You can distinguish between 'حجم' (volume), 'جرم' (mass), and 'چگالی' (density) in technical discussions. You use 'حجم' to describe the 'spatial presence' of an object in art or architecture. You might use it metaphorically, such as 'حجم تنهایی' (the volume/depth of loneliness), to give a physical dimension to an abstract feeling.
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At the C2 level, 'حجم' is a versatile instrument in your vocabulary. You use it in academic writing to discuss 'حجم نمونه' (sample size) in statistics or 'حجم داده‌های کلان' (Big Data volume). You understand its etymological roots and how it interacts with other complex Persian concepts. You can use it to critique the 'volumetric qualities' of a structure or the 'massive scale' of historical events with precision.
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حجم in 30 Sekunden

  • Hajm means 'volume' or 'bulk'.
  • Used for physical space, internet data, and workload.
  • Commonly paired with 'ziad' (large) or 'kam' (small).
  • Essential for math, science, and daily digital life.

The Persian word حجم (Hajm) is a fundamental noun primarily referring to the physical space occupied by an object or substance. In its most literal sense, it is the mathematical concept of 'volume.' However, its application in modern Persian extends far beyond the confines of geometry and physics. It describes the magnitude, bulk, or extent of various abstract and concrete entities. Whether you are discussing the amount of water in a tank, the size of a digital file, or the sheer quantity of work on your desk, حجم is the indispensable term for quantifying 'how much space' or 'how much bulk' something involves.

Physical Volume
The three-dimensional space an object takes up, measured in liters or cubic meters.
Digital Data
The size of files or internet data usage (e.g., 'Hajm-e Internet').
Workload/Intensity
The amount of tasks or the intensity of a process (e.g., 'Hajm-e Kar').

این کتاب حجم زیادی دارد و در کیف من جا نمی‌شود. (This book has a large volume/bulk and doesn't fit in my bag.)

In daily life, Iranians frequently use this word when dealing with technology. If your internet is slow, you might check your 'Hajm' (remaining data). If you are moving house, you might worry about the 'Hajm' of your furniture. It is a versatile word that bridges the gap between scientific precision and everyday practicality.

حجم ترافیک در این ساعت بسیار بالاست. (The volume of traffic is very high at this hour.)

دانشمندان حجم کره زمین را محاسبه کرده‌اند. (Scientists have calculated the volume of the Earth.)

برای دانلود این فیلم، به حجم زیادی نیاز دارید. (To download this movie, you need a lot of [data] volume.)

حجم سرمایه‌گذاری در این بخش افزایش یافته است. (The volume of investment in this sector has increased.)

Geometric Context
Used in math problems involving spheres, cubes, and cylinders.
Economic Context
Refers to the total amount of trade or money flow.

Using حجم correctly requires understanding its role as a noun that often takes an 'Ezafe' (the linking -e sound) to connect with the thing being measured. It is rarely used alone without a modifier or a context that implies what is being measured. For example, you don't just say 'The volume is big'; you say 'The volume of the box is big' (Hajm-e ja'be ziad ast).

With Adjectives
Commonly paired with 'زیاد' (much/large), 'کم' (little/small), 'عظیم' (huge), or 'محدود' (limited).
In Compound Phrases
Combined with nouns like 'کار' (work), 'سرمایه' (capital), or 'تولید' (production).

با توجه به حجم کمِ حافظه، نمی‌توانم عکس‌های بیشتری بگیرم. (Due to the small volume of memory, I cannot take more photos.)

When discussing internet packages, 'حجم' is the standard term. You 'buy volume' (hajm kharidan) or 'run out of volume' (hajm tamam kardan). This is perhaps the most common modern usage for urban Iranians. In a professional setting, you might talk about 'Hajm-e Kar' to explain why you are stressed or busy. It implies a physical weight of tasks pressing down on you.

حجم معاملات در بازار بورس امروز رکورد زد. (The volume of transactions in the stock market hit a record today.)

Scientific Formula
V = Hajm. In school, students learn 'Hajm-e moka'ab' (Volume of a cube).
Social Context
'Hajm-e harf-ha' (The volume of words/talk) can imply someone is talking too much.

You will encounter حجم in a variety of environments, from the classroom to the tech store. In news broadcasts, it is frequently used in economic and environmental reports. For instance, 'حجم بارش‌ها' (the volume of rainfall) is a common phrase during the wet seasons. In the business world, CEOs discuss the 'حجم فروش' (sales volume) to indicate growth or decline.

اخبار اعلام کرد که حجم ذخایر آبی سدها کاهش یافته است. (The news announced that the volume of water reserves in the dams has decreased.)

In the digital world, every app on your phone has a specific 'حجم'. When you go to the 'Settings' to see what is taking up space, you are looking at the 'Hajm' of each application. If you are a student, your teacher might complain about the 'حجم مطالب' (the volume of material) that needs to be covered before the exam.

At the Gym
'Hajm gereftan' refers to 'bulking up' or gaining muscle mass.
In Architecture
Architects talk about the 'Hajm' of a building to describe its presence in a space.

A common mistake for learners is confusing حجم (Volume) with اندازه (Size) or تعداد (Number/Count). While they are related, they are not interchangeable. 'اندازه' is general and can refer to length or width, while 'حجم' is specifically about the 3D space or the total mass of something abstract.

Hajm vs. Meghdar
'Meghdar' means 'amount' or 'quantity' and is often used for uncountable things like love or salt, whereas 'Hajm' focuses on the space occupied.
Hajm vs. Seda
In English, 'volume' can mean the loudness of sound. In Persian, 'حجم صدا' exists but usually refers to the 'fullness' or 'richness' of a voice, not just the loudness (which is 'bolandi-ye seda').

اشتباه: حجم این پیراهن برای من بزرگ است. (Wrong: The volume of this shirt is big for me.) -> Use 'اندازه' instead.

To truly master حجم, it helps to know its synonyms and related terms. While 'حجم' is the most common word for volume, depending on the context, other words might be more precise.

ظرفیت (Zarfiyat)
Capacity. This refers to how much a container *can* hold, whereas 'حجم' is how much space something *does* occupy.
توده (Toodeh)
Mass or bulk. Used for large, unshaped quantities like a 'mass of clouds'.
ابعاد (Ab'aad)
Dimensions. This refers to the specific measurements (length, width, height) that create the volume.

این مخزن ظرفیت هزار لیتر آب را دارد، اما حجم آب فعلی آن کم است. (This tank has a capacity of 1000 liters, but its current volume of water is low.)

How Formal Is It?

Schwierigkeitsgrad

Wichtige Grammatik

Ezafe construction

Comparative and Superlative adjectives

Nouns of quantity

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Beispiele nach Niveau

1

این جعبه حجم کمی دارد.

This box has a small volume.

Noun + Adjective

2

حجم آب در لیوان زیاد است.

The volume of water in the glass is much.

Ezafe construction (Hajm-e ab)

3

کتاب‌های بزرگ حجم زیادی دارند.

Big books have a lot of volume/bulk.

Plural subject

4

حجم این توپ چقدر است؟

How much is the volume of this ball?

Interrogative sentence

5

من یک فلش با حجم بالا می‌خواهم.

I want a flash drive with high volume (capacity).

Prepositional phrase

6

حجم غذای گربه کم است.

The volume of the cat's food is small.

Possessive Ezafe

7

این کیف حجم خوبی دارد.

This bag has a good volume (space).

Simple predicate

8

حجم یخ در زمستان بیشتر می‌شود.

The volume of ice increases in winter.

Comparative adjective

1

حجم اینترنت من تمام شده است.

My internet volume (data) has run out.

Present perfect tense

2

حجم کار من در این هفته زیاد است.

My workload this week is high.

Abstract usage

3

آیا این فایل حجم زیادی دارد؟

Does this file have a large volume (size)?

Question with 'آیا'

4

حجم ترافیک در صبح‌ها سنگین است.

The volume of traffic is heavy in the mornings.

Adjective 'سنگین' (heavy)

5

باید حجم عکس را کم کنی.

You must reduce the volume (size) of the photo.

Modal verb 'باید'

6

حجم صدای تلویزیون را کم کن.

Lower the volume of the TV sound.

Imperative mood

7

این یخچال حجم داخلی زیادی دارد.

This refrigerator has a large internal volume.

Compound adjective 'داخلی'

8

حجم صادرات نفت کاهش یافت.

The volume of oil exports decreased.

Past tense (formal)

1

فرمول محاسبه حجم استوانه چیست؟

What is the formula for calculating the volume of a cylinder?

Technical terminology

2

حجم سرمایه‌گذاری خارجی افزایش یافته است.

The volume of foreign investment has increased.

Economic context

3

با افزایش دما، حجم گاز بیشتر می‌شود.

With an increase in temperature, the volume of gas increases.

Scientific principle

4

حجم تولیدات کارخانه دو برابر شد.

The volume of the factory's production doubled.

Passive-like construction

5

این برنامه حجم زیادی از حافظه را اشغال می‌کند.

This program occupies a large volume of memory.

Verb 'اشغال کردن'

6

حجم معاملات در بازار بورس نوسان دارد.

The volume of transactions in the stock market fluctuates.

Present simple

7

حجم بارندگی امسال بی‌سابقه بود.

The volume of rainfall this year was unprecedented.

Adjective 'بی‌سابقه'

8

او از حجم بالای مسئولیت‌ها شکایت داشت.

He complained about the high volume of responsibilities.

Prepositional phrase with 'از'

1

حجم نقدینگی در جامعه باعث تورم می‌شود.

The volume of liquidity in society causes inflation.

Macroeconomic term

2

حجم وسیعی از جنگل‌ها در آتش سوخت.

A vast volume (area/extent) of forests burned in the fire.

Adjective 'وسیعی'

3

حجم اطلاعات در دنیای امروز بسیار زیاد است.

The volume of information in today's world is very high.

Abstract noun phrase

4

این مجسمه حجم‌های هندسی جالبی دارد.

This sculpture has interesting geometric volumes/shapes.

Plural 'حجم‌ها'

5

حجم مبادلات تجاری بین دو کشور رشد کرد.

The volume of trade exchanges between the two countries grew.

Formal register

6

او با حجم عظیمی از مشکلات روبرو شد.

He faced a huge volume of problems.

Collocation 'حجم عظیم'

7

حجم عضلانی او با تمرینات سخت افزایش یافت.

His muscle volume (mass) increased with hard training.

Adjective 'عضلانی'

8

حجم نمونه در این تحقیق کافی نیست.

The sample volume (size) in this research is not sufficient.

Research terminology

1

حجم تراکم جمعیت در کلان‌شهرها نگران‌کننده است.

The volume of population density in metropolises is worrying.

Complex noun phrase

2

نویسنده در این کتاب به حجم رنج‌های بشری می‌پردازد.

The author addresses the volume (extent) of human suffering in this book.

Literary usage

3

حجم نوری که از ستاره ساطع می‌شود، متغیر است.

The volume of light emitted from the star is variable.

Astrophysics context

4

حجم واردات بی‌رویه به تولید داخلی ضربه می‌زند.

The volume of excessive imports hurts domestic production.

Political economy

5

حجم پردازش داده‌ها در این ابررایانه شگفت‌انگیز است.

The volume of data processing in this supercomputer is amazing.

Advanced technology

6

حجم گسترده‌ای از اعتراضات در سطح شهر شکل گرفت.

A wide volume (scale) of protests took shape across the city.

Sociopolitical context

7

حجم صدای اپرا باید در کل سالن طنین‌انداز شود.

The volume (richness) of the opera voice must resonate throughout the hall.

Aesthetic usage

8

حجم بدهی‌های دولت به بانک مرکزی افزایش یافته است.

The volume of government debts to the central bank has increased.

Financial terminology

1

حجم انتزاع در فلسفه هگل برای بسیاری دشوار است.

The volume (degree) of abstraction in Hegel's philosophy is difficult for many.

Philosophical abstraction

2

حجم توده‌های هوای سرد باعث بارش برف سنگین شد.

The volume of cold air masses caused heavy snowfall.

Meteorological precision

3

حجم مراجعات به مراجع قضایی نشان‌دهنده مشکلات ساختاری است.

The volume of referrals to judicial authorities indicates structural problems.

Institutional analysis

4

حجم دیالکتیک موجود در متن، لایه‌های پنهانی را آشکار می‌کند.

The volume of dialectic present in the text reveals hidden layers.

Literary criticism

5

حجم نقدینگی سرگردان، ثبات اقتصادی را تهدید می‌کند.

The volume of wandering liquidity threatens economic stability.

Advanced economic theory

6

حجم فضاهای منفی در معماری مدرن اهمیت ویژه‌ای دارد.

The volume of negative spaces in modern architecture has special importance.

Architectural theory

7

حجم تولیدات فکری در این دوره تاریخی بی‌نظیر بود.

The volume of intellectual productions in this historical period was unique.

Historiography

8

حجم وسیع داده‌های ژنتیکی، تحلیل‌های پیچیده‌ای را می‌طلبد.

The vast volume of genetic data requires complex analyses.

Bioinformatics

Häufige Kollokationen

حجم اینترنت (Internet data)
حجم کار (Workload)
حجم ترافیک (Traffic volume)
حجم سرمایه‌گذاری (Investment volume)
حجم معاملات (Transaction volume)
حجم بارندگی (Rainfall volume)
حجم تولید (Production volume)
حجم حافظه (Memory capacity)
حجم صدا (Sound richness/volume)
حجم هندسی (Geometric volume)

Häufige Phrasen

حجم عظیم (Huge volume)
حجم محدود (Limited volume)
به حجم... (In the volume of...)
کاهش حجم (Reduction of volume)
افزایش حجم (Increase of volume)
حجم باقیمانده (Remaining volume)
خرید حجم (Buying data volume)
حجم نمونه (Sample size)
حجم مبادلات (Trade volume)
حجم عضلانی (Muscle mass)

Wird oft verwechselt mit

حجم vs اندازه (Size - general)

حجم vs تعداد (Number - countable)

حجم vs مقدار (Amount - general)

Redewendungen & Ausdrücke

"حجم گرفتن (To bulk up - fitness)"
"در حجم وسیع (On a large scale)"
"حجم زدن (Slang: To do something in high quantity)"
"حجم خالی (Empty space/potential)"
"حجم سنگین (Heavy burden/bulk)"
"حجم کاذب (False bulk/bloating)"
"حجم سبز (Green space - poetic/architectural)"
"حجم مرده (Dead space)"
"حجم خالص (Net volume)"
"حجم ناخالص (Gross volume)"

Leicht verwechselbar

حجم vs مساحت

Area (2D) vs Volume (3D)

حجم vs وزن

Weight (mass/gravity) vs Volume (space)

Satzmuster

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tech

In tech, it refers to file size (MB/GB).

fitness

In fitness, it refers to muscle mass.

Häufige Fehler
  • Using 'Hajm' for the price of something.
  • Using 'Hajm' for the length of a road.
  • Confusing 'Hajm' with 'Meghdar' in every context.
  • Forgetting the Ezafe when connecting to a noun.
  • Using 'Hajm' for 2D shapes like circles.

Tipps

Data Usage

Always check your 'Hajm' before watching long videos in Iran.

Academic Persian

Use 'حجم' instead of 'اندازه' in scientific reports for better precision.

Gym Talk

If someone says they are 'dar dore-ye hajm', they are bulking.

Ezafe

Don't forget the 'e' sound: Hajm-e... (Volume of...).

News

Listen for 'Hajm-e mo'amelat' in economic news to understand market activity.

Precision

Use 'حجم' for 3D and 'مساحت' for 2D.

Workload

Tell your boss 'Hajm-e karam ziade' if you are too busy.

Storage

Hard drives are sold based on their 'Hajm' (capacity).

Metaphor

Modern poets use 'Hajm' to describe the weight of existence.

Geometry

Learn the formula: Hajm = Tool x Arz x Ertefa (for a box).

Einprägen

Wortherkunft

Arabic

Kultureller Kontext

Students are often overwhelmed by the 'Hajm' of their textbooks.

Buying 'Hajm-e ezafe' (extra data) is a common monthly task.

Im Alltag üben

Kontexte aus dem Alltag

Gesprächseinstiege

"حجم اینترنت شما چقدر است؟ (How much is your internet volume?)"

"آیا حجم کارتان در این ماه زیاد است؟ (Is your workload high this month?)"

"چطور می‌توانم حجم این عکس را کم کنم؟ (How can I reduce the size of this photo?)"

"حجم ترافیک در شهر شما چطور است؟ (How is the traffic volume in your city?)"

"به نظر شما حجم این کتاب برای یک هفته زیاد نیست؟ (Don't you think the bulk of this book is too much for one week?)"

Tagebuch-Impulse

امروز حجم کارهای من چطور بود؟ (How was my workload today?)

درباره حجم اطلاعاتی که هر روز دریافت می‌کنید بنویسید. (Write about the volume of information you receive every day.)

اگر حجم اینترنت نامحدود داشتید، چه می‌کردید؟ (What would you do if you had unlimited internet volume?)

Häufig gestellte Fragen

10 Fragen

Yes, but usually it refers to the 'fullness' of the sound. For loudness, use 'Bolandi-ye seda'.

No, use 'Ghad' for height. 'Hajm' would imply their total bulk/mass.

It is the formal Arabic plural, used in geometry or formal writing.

You say 'Hajm-e namahdood'.

It means workload or the amount of tasks you have to do.

Yes, poetically, like 'Hajm-e deltangi' (the volume/depth of missing someone).

It is 'Hajm' (with an 'a' sound like 'cat').

It means 'geometric volume'.

Hajm-e kam.

Yes, it is extremely common in both daily and academic Persian.

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