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A1 adverb Neutral 3 Min. Lesezeit

kint

Outside.

/kint/
Jetzt üben

Overview

The Hungarian word 'kint' translates directly to 'outside' in English. It's an adverb of place, indicating location or direction. Unlike many Hungarian words that undergo extensive suffixation to express different grammatical functions, 'kint' itself remains invariable. Its meaning is quite straightforward, but its usage can be nuanced depending on the context of the sentence.

**Basic Usage (Location):**

When simply stating where something or someone is, 'kint' functions as a simple adverb of place.

  • A macska kint van. (The cat is outside.) - Here, 'kint' indicates the cat's current location.
  • Kint esik az eső. (It's raining outside.) - Describes where the rain is occurring.
  • Várj meg kint! (Wait for me outside!) - Specifies the waiting location.

**Usage with Verbs of Motion:**

While 'kint' primarily indicates a static location, it can also be used in conjunction with verbs of motion to describe movement to or from an outside location. However, it's important to note that 'kint' itself doesn't carry the 'to' or 'from' meaning; that's conveyed by the verb or other adverbs/postpositions.

  • Kimentem kint játszani. (I went out to play outside.) - In this sentence, 'ki-' (the preverb on 'mentem') indicates movement outward, and 'kint' specifies the location where the playing will occur.
  • Kintről jövök. (I'm coming from outside.) - Here, the postposition '-ről' (from) explicitly states the origin, and 'kint' describes the general area.

**Distinction from 'kívül':**

Another Hungarian word that translates to 'outside' is 'kívül'. While often interchangeable in some contexts, there's a subtle difference. 'Kint' tends to refer to being in the open air, outdoors, or not inside a building. 'Kívül', on the other hand, can also mean 'on the outer side' of something, even if that 'something' is not a building (e.g., 'a dobozon kívül' - outside the box).

  • Kint vagyunk a parkban. (We are outside in the park.) - Emphasizes being in the open air.
  • A házon kívül áll. (He stands outside the house.) - Here, 'kívül' is used with the superessive case '-on' to denote being on the exterior surface or vicinity of the house.

**Figurative Usage:**

While less common than its literal meaning, 'kint' can sometimes be used figuratively to imply being 'out' of something in a more abstract sense, though this is often conveyed with other words or phrases in Hungarian.

**Common Phrases and Expressions:**

  • Kint van a levegőn. (He's out in the fresh air.) - Implies being outdoors and enjoying the fresh air.
  • Kint van a naptárban. (It's on the calendar/It's publicly known.) - This is a more idiomatic usage, suggesting something is openly scheduled or widely visible.

In summary, 'kint' is a fundamental adverb in Hungarian for expressing the concept of 'outside'. Its simple form and direct meaning make it relatively easy to grasp, but understanding its nuances in relation to verbs of motion and its distinction from 'kívül' enhances a learner's precision in using the language.

Beispiele

1

Kint esik az eső.

weather

It's raining outside.

2

Kint várlak.

meeting

I'll wait for you outside.

3

Kint hideg van.

weather

It's cold outside.

4

Kint játszottunk.

activity

We played outside.

5

Kint parkoltam.

location

I parked outside.

Häufige Kollokationen

kint van
kint is, bent is
kint tágasabb
kint hideg van

Wird oft verwechselt mit

kint vs. bent
Inside/Outside.

Grammatikmuster

kint van kint lakik kint dolgozik

Redewendungen & Ausdrücke

""

to be out of trouble, to be in the clear

So verwendest du es

Nutzungshinweise

The Hungarian word 'kint' primarily functions as an adverb meaning 'outside' or 'outdoors.' It's typically used to describe the location of an action or state. For instance, 'A gyerekek kint játszanak' translates to 'The children are playing outside.' It can also be used in conjunction with verbs of motion, though 'ki' (out, as in 'going out') is more common for direction. For example, while 'kimegyek' (I go out) uses 'ki,' 'kint vagyok' (I am outside) uses 'kint.' 'Kint' can also be part of compound expressions, such as 'kint a szabadban' (out in the open air) to emphasize being outdoors in an unrestricted environment. It's important to distinguish 'kint' from 'belül' (inside), its direct antonym, and to remember its adverbial nature, meaning it modifies verbs or describes states rather than being a standalone noun.

Häufige Fehler

Confusing 'kint' (outside) with 'bent' (inside). Pay attention to the initial 'k' versus 'b'.

Wortherkunft

The Hungarian word 'kint' meaning 'outside' or 'out' has a rich and somewhat complex etymological history, reflecting the agglutinative nature of the Hungarian language and its ancient Uralic roots. The core of the word 'kint' can be traced back to a Proto-Uralic or early Finno-Ugric demonstrative stem or adverbial base. Many Uralic languages utilize similar structures to indicate location and direction. One common theory links 'kint' to an older, reconstructed Proto-Finno-Ugric form that indicated 'that direction' or 'away from here.' This base then underwent phonetic shifts and morphological developments over millennia. In early Hungarian (Old Hungarian), before the 10th century, words often had simpler forms. The 'k-' initial sound is quite stable in Hungarian and often appears in words related to location or direction, such as 'körül' (around), 'között' (between), 'közel' (near). The '-int' ending is particularly interesting. This '-int' suffix is not a simple case ending in the modern sense, but rather a fossilized adverbial or directional marker that became integrated into the word itself. In Hungarian, many adverbs of place are formed by combining a root with suffixes that denote position ('-tt', '-n', '-ban/-ben') or direction ('-ra/-re', '-ba/-be', '-tól/-től'). However, 'kint' seems to encapsulate this directional sense within its structure without a readily separable modern suffix. It's possible that the '-int' component is related to an ancient adverbial suffix or a pronominal element that, over time, lost its independent meaning and merged with the base. Some linguists draw parallels to other Uralic languages where similar bound morphemes contribute to spatial adverbs. Consider the contrast with 'bent' (inside). 'Bent' likely shares a similar structural origin, with a base 'b-' (possibly related to 'be' - into) and the same '-nt' or '-int' adverbial ending. This pairing reinforces the idea of a shared grammatical pattern for expressing opposite spatial relationships. Furthermore, the evolution of such words often involves a process called lexicalization, where a combination of a root and a grammatical marker becomes a single, indivisible lexical item. This means that while we can hypothesize about its components, they no longer function as separate morphemes in contemporary Hungarian. Another perspective considers the potential influence of sound symbolism or onomatopoeia, although this is less prominent for 'kint' compared to words describing sounds. Still, the sharp 'k' and the final 't' give it a concise and definitive feel, perhaps reinforcing its role as a clear indicator of location. In summary, 'kint' is a venerable word in Hungarian, stemming from ancient Uralic adverbial or demonstrative bases, evolving through phonetic changes and morphological consolidation. The '-int' component is a key, albeit fossilized, part of its structure, reflecting older mechanisms of spatial expression in the language. Its enduring presence underscores the stability and depth of Hungarian's linguistic heritage.

Kultureller Kontext

In Hungarian culture, the concept of 'kint' (outside) often extends beyond a mere physical location. It can carry connotations related to freedom, nature, and community gatherings. For example, spending time 'kint' in nature, like hiking in the Buda Hills or swimming in Lake Balaton, is a cherished national pastime that reflects a deep appreciation for the outdoors. Similarly, many social events, from festivals to family barbecues, often take place 'kint,' highlighting the communal aspect of outdoor life. The phrase 'kimenni a levegőre' (to go out for some fresh air) also underscores the cultural value placed on the revitalizing power of the outdoors, especially after being indoors for long periods. This isn't just about escaping a building; it's about reconnecting with the environment and, by extension, with a sense of well-being and tradition.

Merkhilfe

Think of 'kint' as 'kin' (family) gathering 'out'side.

Häufig gestellte Fragen

4 Fragen
'Kint' is a Hungarian adverb that primarily means 'outside' or 'outdoors.' It indicates a location that is exterior to a building, enclosure, or defined space. For instance, if you say 'kint van,' it translates to 'he/she/it is outside.' It's a very common word used in everyday conversation to describe an external position or direction.
'Kint' can be used in various ways within a sentence. For example, to say 'The children are playing outside,' you would say 'A gyerekek kint játszanak.' If you want to ask 'Is he outside?', you'd say 'Kint van?' It can also be combined with verbs of motion to indicate going outside, such as 'kimegy' (to go out) or 'kinéz' (to look out).
Yes, there are several common phrases and idioms that feature 'kint.' For instance, 'kint tart' means 'to keep something outside,' and 'kint hagy' means 'to leave something outside.' Another common expression is 'kint van a nap' which literally translates to 'the sun is out,' meaning it's sunny outside. These phrases demonstrate the versatility of 'kint' in Hungarian expressions.
Both 'kint' and 'kinn' mean 'outside' in Hungarian, and in many contexts, they are interchangeable. However, 'kinn' is often considered a slightly more informal or colloquial variant. There isn't a strict grammatical rule distinguishing their usage, and native speakers frequently use both forms without a significant difference in meaning. You can generally use either without causing confusion.

Teste dich selbst

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A gyerekek játszanak az udvaron. (The children are playing in the yard.)

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
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Hideg van, nem akarok menni. (It's cold, I don't want to go ____.)

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
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Mi van ___? (What's ____?)

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:

Ergebnis: /3

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