It describes a lack of strength, power, or resistance in any given context.
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- Describes lack of physical strength or power.
- Refers to low resistance or tolerance toward something.
- Used for both concrete objects and abstract concepts.
使用パターン:主に「名詞+が+弱い」という形で、その対象が耐性や能力に欠けていることを示します。また、「弱い+名詞」として、力のない状態を直接修飾することもあります。
- 1一般的な文脈:日常生活では「お酒に弱い(アルコール耐性がない)」「風邪をひきやすい(体が弱い)」といった健康や体質に関する表現で非常によく使われます。また、ビジネスシーンでは「論理が弱い(説得力に欠ける)」といった抽象的な表現にも応用されます。
- 1類語比較:「脆い(もろい)」は物理的に壊れやすい様子を強調し、「軟弱(なんじゃく)」は精神的や組織的な意志の弱さを強調します。「弱い」はそれらの中で最も汎用性が高く、日常会話で最も頻繁に使用される表現です。
Beispiele
私はお酒に弱いです。
everydayI am not good with alcohol.
この建物は地震に弱い。
formalThis building is vulnerable to earthquakes.
気が弱いから言えないよ。
informalI can't say it because I'm timid.
この理論は根拠が弱い。
academicThis theory lacks strong evidence.
Häufige Kollokationen
Häufige Phrasen
弱みを握る
to have someone's secret/weak point
弱音を吐く
to complain/express weakness
弱肉強食
survival of the fittest
Wird oft verwechselt mit
Refers specifically to physical fragility or ease of breaking. 'Yowai' is broader and includes abstract concepts like skills or tolerance.
Used for weak will, lack of perseverance, or soft structures. It sounds more formal and critical than 'yowai'.
Grammatikmuster
How to Use It
Nutzungshinweise
The word is highly versatile and used across all registers from casual to formal. When used with 'ni', it implies a lack of tolerance or resistance. In formal contexts, it is often replaced by more specific Sino-Japanese compounds like 'fuyou' or 'zeijaku'.
Häufige Fehler
Beginners often use the particle 'ga' instead of 'ni' when discussing tolerance. Remember that 'ni' is required for 'weak against' (e.g., atsusa ni yowai). Also, avoid using it as a direct adjective for people's character without a noun like 'ki' (spirit).
Tips
Use with 'ni' for tolerance
When talking about tolerance or resistance, use the particle 'ni' (e.g., kaze ni yowai). This indicates a lack of immunity or toughness against that specific thing.
Avoid using for people's character
Calling someone 'yowai' directly can sound insulting or rude. Use specific phrases like 'ki ga yowai' to be more precise and polite.
Social drinking culture
In Japan, declaring 'osake ni yowai' is a very common and socially acceptable way to decline heavy drinking. It is respected as a clear boundary.
Wortherkunft
Derived from the ancient Japanese verb 'yowamu' (to weaken). It has been used since the Nara period to describe both physical and mental states.
Kultureller Kontext
In Japan, admitting weakness (like being weak to alcohol or heat) is often used as a humble way to set boundaries. It is considered a polite way to decline offers or explain limitations.
Merkhilfe
Think of a 'Yo-wai' (yo-why) being too weak to lift a heavy weight. It sounds like a sigh of someone who is too weak to carry on.
Häufig gestellte Fragen
4 Fragenアルコールの分解能力が低く、すぐに酔ってしまう体質であることを意味します。お酒を飲むとすぐに顔が赤くなったり、気分が悪くなったりする人に使われます。
反対語は「強い(つよい)」です。体力、能力、耐性などが十分にある状態を指します。
はい、使えます。例えば「気が弱い」と言うと、内気で自信がなさそうな性格であることを表現できます。
「弱い」自体は形容詞なので、丁寧語の「です・ます」を付けて「弱いです」とすれば丁寧な表現になります。より硬い表現が必要な場合は「脆弱(ぜいじゃく)」などの熟語が使われます。
Teste dich selbst
彼は暑さに___。
暑さへの耐性がないことを表すため、「弱い」が適切です。
次のうち、正しい表現はどれですか?
特定の分野への苦手意識や知識の不足を示す場合、「に」を使います。
( 弱い / 私は / 風邪に / )
主語+対象+形容詞の語順が自然です。
Ergebnis: /3
Summary
It describes a lack of strength, power, or resistance in any given context.
- Describes lack of physical strength or power.
- Refers to low resistance or tolerance toward something.
- Used for both concrete objects and abstract concepts.
Use with 'ni' for tolerance
When talking about tolerance or resistance, use the particle 'ni' (e.g., kaze ni yowai). This indicates a lack of immunity or toughness against that specific thing.
Avoid using for people's character
Calling someone 'yowai' directly can sound insulting or rude. Use specific phrases like 'ki ga yowai' to be more precise and polite.
Social drinking culture
In Japan, declaring 'osake ni yowai' is a very common and socially acceptable way to decline heavy drinking. It is respected as a clear boundary.
Beispiele
4 von 4私はお酒に弱いです。
I am not good with alcohol.
この建物は地震に弱い。
This building is vulnerable to earthquakes.
気が弱いから言えないよ。
I can't say it because I'm timid.
この理論は根拠が弱い。
This theory lacks strong evidence.
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能力
A1Nouryoku refers to the mental or physical power, skill, or capacity required to perform a specific task or function. It can describe both innate talent and skills acquired through learning and practice.
異常
A1A word used to describe something that deviates from the normal state, standard, or expected pattern. It often implies a problem, malfunction, or an extraordinary occurrence that requires attention or investigation.
~について
A2About, concerning; indicates topic.
〜について
B1About, concerning; on the subject of.
~ぐらい
A2about, approximately
ぐらい
A2About; approximately; to the extent of.
ごろ
A2About, approximately (time).
うえ
A2At a higher position than.
絶対
B1Absolutely; definitely; never.
絶対に
B1Absolutely; definitely.