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A2 verb Neutral #1,000 am häufigsten 2 Min. Lesezeit

시작되다

sijakdoeda [ˈɕʰi.d͡ʑa̠ɡ.twe̞.da̠]
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Overview

‘시작되다’ is an intransitive verb in Korean, meaning 'to be started,' 'to be begun,' or 'to commence.' It is the passive form of the transitive verb ‘시작하다’ (to start, to begin). The '되다' part of the verb indicates a passive voice, meaning the action is happening to the subject rather than the subject performing the action. This distinction is crucial for correct usage. For instance, when something 'starts by itself' or 'is initiated by an external force not explicitly stated as the subject,' ‘시작되다’ is the appropriate choice.

Consider the nuance: if a person 'starts' a meeting, you would use ‘회의를 시작하다’ (to start a meeting). However, if the 'meeting starts' on its own schedule or due to an unseen mechanism, you would use ‘회의가 시작되다’ (the meeting starts). The subject of ‘시작되다’ is typically the thing that is being started or commenced.

This verb is widely used in various contexts, from events and processes to situations and abstract concepts. It's often used with the subject particle ‘-이/가’ to indicate the subject of the passive action.

For example:

  • 행사가 시작되다: The event starts/commences.
  • 수업이 시작되다: The class begins.
  • 새로운 프로젝트가 시작되다: A new project is started/commenced.
  • 드라마가 9시에 시작됩니다: The drama starts at 9 o'clock.

It's important to remember that while '시작하다' requires an object (what is being started), '시작되다' does not, as the subject itself is undergoing the action of being started. The use of '되다' implies that the action of starting is not directly performed by the grammatical subject but rather happens to it. This verb is a fundamental component of expressing events and processes in Korean, highlighting the state of something coming into being or commencing.

Beispiele

1

새 학년이 시작되었다.

Education

A new school year has begun.

2

회의가 10시에 시작될 예정이다.

Business

The meeting is scheduled to start at 10 AM.

3

드디어 공사가 시작되어서 기쁩니다.

Daily life

I'm glad the construction has finally started.

4

경기가 시작되자마자 비가 오기 시작했다.

Sports

As soon as the game began, it started to rain.

5

전쟁이 시작되면 많은 사람들이 고통받을 것이다.

Current events

If a war begins, many people will suffer.

Häufige Kollokationen

새로운 한 해가 시작되다
공사가 시작되다
회의가 시작되다
수업이 시작되다

Wird oft verwechselt mit

시작되다 vs. 시작하다

This is a transitive verb meaning 'to start' or 'to begin' something, while '시작되다' is intransitive, meaning something 'is started' or 'commences' on its own.

Grammatikmuster

~(으)로부터 시작되다 (to be started from...) ~부터 시작되다 (to be started from...; often used for time or order) ~에 의해 시작되다 (to be started by...)

So verwendest du es

Nutzungshinweise

'시작되다' is an intransitive verb, meaning it does not take a direct object. It describes an action that happens to the subject, rather than an action performed by the subject on something else. For example, you would say '회의가 시작되었어요' (The meeting started/commenced), not '저는 회의를 시작되었어요' (I was started the meeting - incorrect). If you want to express that *someone* or *something* *starts* an event, you would use the transitive verb '시작하다' (si-jak-ha-da). For example, '제가 회의를 시작했어요' (I started the meeting). '시작되다' often appears with passive voice markers like '-아/어지다' (as it already contains '되다', which implies passivity) or with an inanimate subject. It can also be used in conjunction with adverbs of time or place to specify when or where something begins. Its formal and polite forms are '시작됩니다' and '시작되었습니다' for present and past tense respectively, while its informal polite forms are '시작돼요' and '시작됐어요'.

Häufige Fehler

1. Confusing with causative form '시작하다' (to start something): '시작되다' is intransitive, meaning the subject itself begins (e.g., '회의가 시작되었다' - The meeting began). '시작하다' is transitive, meaning someone or something initiates the action (e.g., '내가 회의를 시작했다' - I started the meeting). This is a common passive/active distinction. 2. Incorrectly using '되다' as a standalone verb for 'to be started': While '되다' can mean 'to become,' when used with '시작,' it specifically forms the intransitive verb '시작되다.' You wouldn't typically say '시작이 되다' to mean 'it starts' in the same way. 3. Overlooking the nuance of 'commence': '시작되다' often implies a formal or expected beginning, much like 'commence' in English. For very informal or spontaneous beginnings, other expressions might be used, though '시작되다' is generally versatile. 4. Mispronunciation: Ensure the double consonant 'ㅆ' in '시작' is pronounced correctly (a tense 's' sound) and that the '외' in '되다' is pronounced as a diphthong /wɛ/ or sometimes /we/ in modern Korean.

Tipps

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Usage Tips

'시작되다' is an intransitive verb, meaning it does not take a direct object. It describes something that is beginning on its own or as a result of an external cause not explicitly stated. For instance, '회의가 시작되었다' (The meeting has started) focuses on the meeting's commencement, not who started it. When you want to emphasize the agent who starts something, use the transitive verb '시작하다'.

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Common Mistakes

A common mistake is using '시작되다' when an agent actively initiates an action. For example, '나는 프로젝트가 시작되었다' (I started the project - incorrect) should be '나는 프로젝트를 시작했다' (I started the project - correct) using '시작하다'. Remember, '시작되다' implies a state of beginning, while '시작하다' implies the act of beginning something.

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Contextual Nuances

'시작되다' is often used in more formal or objective contexts, or when the initiator is less important than the event itself. For example, '새로운 시대가 시작되었다' (A new era has begun) conveys a sense of natural progression. It can also be used to describe the onset of phenomena like seasons, events, or processes. Consider the context to choose between '시작되다' and '시작하다' to best convey your intended meaning.

Wortherkunft

Sino-Korean word from 始作 (시작, 'start') + 되다 ('to become').

Kultureller Kontext

The word '시작되다' (si-jak-doe-da) is commonly used in various contexts in Korean society, from everyday conversations to formal settings. It signifies the beginning of an event, process, or period, and is often used to describe natural phenomena, the start of work, or the commencement of a new phase in life. For instance, a new season, a project, or a relationship can all '시작되다'. There isn't a strong unique cultural nuance to '시작되다' itself, as the concept of 'starting' is universal. However, the *reasons* or *circumstances* for something 'starting' can reflect cultural values. For example, the start of a new school year or a new job carries significant social weight in Korean culture, often accompanied by rituals or expectations of hard work and dedication. The word itself is neutral but the events it describes can be culturally charged.

Merkhilfe

Visualize a '시' (shi) as a starting point, like the first step of a race, and '작되다' (jak-dwae-da) as the action of something beginning or being made to happen from that point. Think of '시작' as 'start' and '되다' as 'to become' or 'to be made,' so '시작되다' literally means 'to become started.'

Häufig gestellte Fragen

4 Fragen

'시작되다' (pronounced 'shi-jak-doe-da') is a Korean verb that means 'to be started,' 'to be begun,' or 'to commence.' It is an intransitive verb, meaning it doesn't take a direct object. This verb describes an action or process that begins on its own or as a result of something else, emphasizing the state of beginning rather than the act of someone starting something. It's often used when an event, period, or activity naturally or automatically commences. For example, a meeting can '시작되다,' a new semester can '시작되다,' or a season can '시작되다.'

The main difference between '시작되다' and '시작하다' lies in transitivity and emphasis. '시작하다' is a transitive verb meaning 'to start' or 'to begin' (something). It implies an agent actively initiating an action or process. For instance, '내가 회의를 시작하다' means 'I start the meeting.' In contrast, '시작되다' is intransitive and means 'to be started' or 'to commence.' It focuses on the event itself beginning, often without a specific agent, or when the agent is not the focus. For example, '회의가 시작되다' means 'The meeting starts/begins.'

Certainly! A common example is: '수업이 9시에 시작됩니다.' This translates to 'The class starts at 9 o'clock.' Here, '시작됩니다' is the formal present tense form of '시작되다.' It indicates that the class commences at that specific time, focusing on the class beginning rather than who or what started it.

'시작되다' is very commonly used in various contexts, particularly when referring to the beginning of events, periods, or processes. You'll often hear it in phrases related to: * **Events:** 회의가 시작되다 (a meeting begins), 축제가 시작되다 (a festival commences). * **Time Periods:** 학기가 시작되다 (a semester begins), 새해가 시작되다 (a new year starts). * **Processes:** 공사가 시작되다 (construction begins), 논의가 시작되다 (a discussion commences). * **Natural Phenomena:** 비가 시작되다 (rain begins to fall), 날씨가 따뜻해지기 시작되다 (the weather starts to get warm).

Teste dich selbst

fill blank

새 학년은 다음 주 월요일에 _______.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
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드디어 콘서트가 _______! 모두 환호했다.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
fill blank

회의는 정각 10시에 _______ 예정입니다.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:

Ergebnis: /3

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