Asking and Identifying
Chapter in 30 Seconds
Master the art of precision by asking exactly who, what, and which one.
- Distinguish between people and things in questions.
- Apply the correct case endings to 'who' and 'which'.
- Point out specific items using demonstrative pronouns.
Lo que aprenderás
Ready to level up your German? You've got the basics down, but in this chapter, we're diving deep into asking precise questions and pinpointing exactly what you mean, whether you're talking about people or objects. Imagine you're in a bustling Berlin cafe, wanting to order *that specific* coffee your friend just had, or you're browsing a shop, trying to ask for *which* shirt you're interested in; the skills you'll gain here are your new superpowers!
We'll kick things off with Was – your straightforward what for things and actions, always easy. Then, we tackle the who family in German:
wer, wen, wem, wessen.You'll learn to perfectly match
who or whom to the grammatical role of the person you're asking about. This is super important for understanding who's doing what to whom, making your conversations much clearer!
Next up, we unlock how to ask which one using welcher, welche, welches. These act like precise selectors, helping you narrow down choices and clearly communicate your selection, whether it's which book? or which car?. Finally, we'll master dieser, diese, dieses, which acts like a laser pointer! You'll use it to specify this or that, perfectly mirroring the endings of definite articles to match the noun's gender and case.
By the end of this chapter, you'll confidently ask detailed, unambiguous questions and precisely refer to anything or anyone around you. You'll feel much more at home navigating real-life German conversations!
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La palabra interrogativa: 'Qué' (Was)¡Genial! Tienes una palabra superútil:
was. Úsala para preguntar por cosas y acciones, ¡y lo mejor es que nunca cambia! Es tu comodín para preguntarqué. -
Preguntar '¿Quién?' (wer, wen, wem, wessen)¡Genial! Ahora tienes una herramienta poderosa. Domina 'wer' ajustando su terminación al papel gramatical (el
caso) de la persona por la que preguntas:wer,wen,wem,wessen. -
Preguntar 'a quién' (wen)Usa
wenpara preguntar 'a quién' cuando una persona es el objeto directo de la acción en alemán. ¡Es el 'a quién' que recibe la acción! -
¿Cuál? en alemán: Usando welcher, welche, welchesTienes una herramienta genial para preguntar 'cuál' de un grupo. Usa
welchery recuerda que su terminación cambia para coincidir con el género y el caso del sustantivo. ¡Es como un detective de palabras! -
Demostrativos en alemán: Cómo usar 'este' (dieser)Piensa en 'dieser' como un puntero láser superpreciso que toma las mismas terminaciones de los artículos definidos. ¡Es tu herramienta para decir
esteoestos!
Learning Objectives
By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:
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1
By the end you will be able to: Ask what an object is or what someone is doing using 'Was'.
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2
By the end you will be able to: Identify the correct case for 'who' based on its grammatical role in a sentence.
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3
By the end you will be able to: Select specific items from a group using 'welcher' and 'dieser' with correct gender endings.
Guía del capítulo
Overview
laser pointer, enabling you to pinpoint exactly what you mean.How This Grammar Works
who family, which is crucial for understanding cases. Wer asks who in the nominative case (the subject): Wer kommt heute? (Who is coming today?). For the accusative case (the direct object), you use Wen: Wen siehst du? (Whom/Who do you see?).which one using welcher, welche, welches. These words function like articles and must agree in gender and case with the noun they refer to. For example, Welches Buch möchtest du? (Which book would you like?) uses welches because *Buch* is neuter accusative.Common Mistakes
- 1✗ Wrong:
Wer siehst du?
Wen siehst du?Wer is nominative (who is doing the action), but here du is the subject doing the seeing, and the person being seen is the direct object (accusative). Therefore, you need wen (whom).- 1✗ Wrong:
Ich möchte dieser Apfel.
Ich möchte diesen Apfel.
Apfel is masculine, and in this sentence, Apfel is the direct object of möchte (I would like), which requires the accusative case. The accusative form for masculine dieser is diesen.- 1✗ Wrong:
Was ist der Mann dort?
(meaningWho is the man there?
)
Wer ist der Mann dort?
Was is used for things or actions. When asking about a person, you must use wer (who), which is the correct question word for people in the nominative case.Real Conversations
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Quick FAQ
When do I use 'wer' vs. 'wem' in German?
Use wer (nominative) when asking about the subject of a sentence (who is doing something). Use wem (dative) when asking about the indirect object (to whom or for whom something is done).
How do 'welcher' and 'dieser' change their endings in German?
Both welcher and dieser (and their feminine/neuter forms) change their endings to match the gender, number, and case of the noun they refer to, just like definite articles (der, die, das).
Can 'was' be used for people in German?
No, was is exclusively for things or actions. For people, you must use the appropriate form of who (wer, wen, wem, wessen), depending on the grammatical case.
Cultural Context
Ejemplos clave (8)
Was ist dein TikTok-Handle?
¿Cuál es tu nombre de usuario de TikTok?
La palabra interrogativa: 'Qué' (Was)Wer hat die letzte Pizza-Ecke gegessen?
¿Quién se comió el último trozo de pizza?
Preguntar '¿Quién?' (wer, wen, wem, wessen)Wen hast du auf dem Foto markiert?
¿A quién etiquetaste en la foto?
Preguntar '¿Quién?' (wer, wen, wem, wessen)Wen hast du auf {dem|m} {Foto|n} markiert?
¿A quién etiquetaste en la foto?
Preguntar 'a quién' (wen)Welcher Laptop ist besser?
¿Qué portátil es mejor?
¿Cuál? en alemán: Usando welcher, welche, welchesWelchen Song hörst du gerade?
¿Qué canción estás escuchando ahora mismo?
¿Cuál? en alemán: Usando welcher, welche, welchesConsejos y trucos (4)
El atajo de 'etwas'
Möchtest du was essen?, solo están acortando 'etwas' (algo). ¡Puedes hacerlo tú también para sonar más nativo!
El truco de la 'm'
Wem gibst du das Geschenk?
El truco de la 'n'
den Mann o einen Freund (¡fíjate en la 'n'!), entonces la pregunta debe ser wen. Wen siehst du?El Espejo del Artículo
den Mann, entonces Welchen Mann?.Vocabulario clave (6)
Real-World Preview
At a Clothing Boutique
Review Summary
- Was + Verb...?
- Wer/Wen/Wem/Wessen + Verb...?
- Welch- / Dies- + [Ending]
Errores comunes
In German, you cannot use 'Was' for people. Use 'Wer' (Who) instead, even if you are asking about their identity.
'Buch' is neuter (das Buch). The ending of 'welcher' must match the gender and case of the noun.
The person being loved is the direct object (Accusative). Therefore, you must use 'wen' instead of the subject form 'wer'.
Reglas en este capítulo (5)
Next Steps
You've just conquered one of the most technical parts of A2 German grammar! Being able to use cases with question words is a huge milestone. Keep practicing those endings!
Go to a grocery store or look at an online shop. Ask yourself 'Welchen [item] kaufe ich?' and answer 'Ich kaufe diesen [item].'
Write 5 questions starting with 'Wen' or 'Wem' to ask a friend about their family.
Práctica rápida (10)
Find and fix the mistake:
Welches Tasche gehört dir?
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ¿Cuál? en alemán: Usando welcher, welche, welches
Find and fix the mistake:
Wer hilfst du?
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Preguntar '¿Quién?' (wer, wen, wem, wessen)
Ich mag ____ (m) Hund sehr.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Demostrativos en alemán: Cómo usar 'este' (dieser)
Find and fix the mistake:
Wer hast du auf Instagram gesehen?
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Preguntar 'a quién' (wen)
Elige la pregunta gramaticalmente correcta:
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Preguntar 'a quién' (wen)
___ hast du gestern im Park gesehen?
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Preguntar '¿Quién?' (wer, wen, wem, wessen)
___ Tee möchtest du trinken? (Masculine, Accusative)
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ¿Cuál? en alemán: Usando welcher, welche, welches
Choose the grammatically correct question about a movie ({der|m} Film):
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ¿Cuál? en alemán: Usando welcher, welche, welches
Find and fix the mistake:
Was Pizza magst du am liebsten?
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: La palabra interrogativa: 'Qué' (Was)
Elige la forma correcta de preguntar sobre posesión:
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Preguntar '¿Quién?' (wer, wen, wem, wessen)
Score: /10
Preguntas frecuentes (6)
Wer ist das? (¿Quién es ese?), no Wer sind das?. Es como si preguntaras por la identidad de cada uno.Wen siehst du? (¿A quién ves?) pero Wem hilfst du? (¿A quién ayudas?).den y einen, wen es la forma en acusativo para preguntar por personas. Si alguien es el objeto, añade la 'n'.Wen fütterst du?suena muy cariñoso y personal.