تَرْمِيم در ۳۰ ثانیه
- Tarmīm is the Arabic word for 'restoration', specifically used for historical buildings, art, and valuable antiquities to return them to their original state.
- It differs from 'islah' (repair) because it implies a professional, careful process that respects the historical and artistic value of the object.
- Commonly heard in news about heritage sites and seen on signs at museums or archaeological locations throughout the Arabic-speaking world.
- Metaphorically, it can refer to the restoration of trust, relationships, or identity, suggesting a slow and painstaking process of healing.
The Arabic word تَرْمِيم (Tarmīm) is a sophisticated noun that primarily refers to the process of restoration, renovation, or repair, particularly when applied to historical landmarks, works of art, or aging structures. Derived from the root 'R-M-M', which historically relates to the mending of bones or the decay of old things, the word carries a weight of preservation and care. It is not merely a 'fix' like fixing a broken chair; it implies a meticulous effort to return something to its original state or to prevent further deterioration while respecting its history. In modern contexts, you will find it in newspapers discussing archaeological sites, in museum brochures, and even in psychological contexts referring to the 'restoration' of one's spirit or relationships.
- Structural Context
- When used in architecture, it describes the technical procedures used to stabilize a building. This involves using materials that are compatible with the original structure. For example, the tarmim of an ancient mosque requires specific types of stone and mortar used centuries ago.
تَمَّ الانْتِهَاءُ مِنْ تَرْمِيمِ القَلْعَةِ الأَثَرِيَّةِ بَعْدَ سَنَوَاتٍ مِنَ العَمَلِ.
Beyond physical objects, the term has found a home in the social and emotional sciences. One might speak of the 'restoration of trust' (tarmīm al-thiqah) between two parties. This metaphorical use highlights the idea that something broken can be painstakingly put back together, though the scars of the repair might remain as a testament to its history. In the world of art, tarmīm is a professional discipline. A restorer (mura-mim) uses chemicals and fine tools to remove layers of grime from a painting, revealing the artist's original colors without damaging the canvas underneath. This nuance is vital: tarmīm is about bringing back the 'soul' of the object.
- Artistic Context
- In the art world, this term is synonymous with conservation. It involves ethical decisions about how much of the original should be replaced versus simply preserved in its current state.
تَحْتَاجُ هَذِهِ اللَّوْحَةُ الزَّيْتِيَّةُ إِلَى تَرْمِيمٍ دَقِيقٍ لِحِمَايَتِهَا مِنَ التَّآكُلِ.
In urban planning, tarmīm is used to describe the revitalization of old neighborhoods. Instead of tearing down old buildings to build skyscrapers, cities like Cairo or Damascus engage in large-scale tarmīm projects to maintain their cultural identity. This process often includes upgrading the infrastructure (electricity, plumbing) inside the historical shell, creating a bridge between the past and the present. It is a word that celebrates longevity and the human desire to keep the past alive for future generations. When you use this word, you are acknowledging that the subject has history, and that history is worth saving.
- Economic Context
- Governments often allocate large budgets for the tarmīm of heritage sites because these sites are crucial for the tourism industry and national pride.
خَصَّصَتِ الدَّوْلَةُ مِيزَانِيَّةً ضَخْمَةً لِمَشْرُوعِ تَرْمِيمِ المَسَاجِدِ القَدِيمَةِ.
Using the word تَرْمِيم effectively requires understanding its grammatical role as a noun and its common associations. In Arabic, it often appears as the first part of an 'Idafa' construction (a possessive phrase), where it is followed by the thing being restored. For example, 'tarmīm al-bayt' (restoration of the house) or 'tarmīm al-āthār' (restoration of antiquities). Because it is a formal word, it is most common in written reports, news broadcasts, and academic discussions about history or engineering. However, it can also be used in everyday speech when discussing significant home renovations that go beyond simple painting.
- The Idafa Structure
- The most common way to use tarmīm is followed by a definite noun: [Tarmīm] + [The Object]. Example: Tarmīm al-madrasah (The restoration of the school).
يَتَطَلَّبُ تَرْمِيمُ المَخْطُوطَاتِ القَدِيمَةِ مَهَارَةً عَالِيَةً وَصَبْراً طَوِيلاً.
You can also use tarmīm as the subject of a sentence or as the object of a verb. Common verbs that precede it include 'قام بـ' (performed), 'أتمّ' (completed), or 'بدأ' (started). For instance, 'The team performed the restoration' would be 'Qāma al-farīq bi-tarmīm...'. This 'bi-' preposition is essential when using the verb 'qāma' (to do/perform). If you are talking about the cost, you would say 'takalīf al-tarmīm' (the costs of restoration). It is also frequently modified by adjectives like 'shāmil' (comprehensive), 'daquīq' (precise), or 'fannī' (technical/artistic).
- Metaphorical Usage
- In emotional contexts, you might hear: 'Tarmīm mā tabaqqa min al-`alāqah' (Restoring what remains of the relationship). This implies that the relationship is damaged but not yet completely lost.
سَعَى الصَّدِيقَانِ إِلَى تَرْمِيمِ صَدَاقَتِهِمَا بَعْدَ خِلافٍ حَادٍّ.
In a professional setting, such as a construction contract, you will see tarmīm paired with 'ṣiyānah' (maintenance). While maintenance is ongoing to prevent damage, tarmīm is reactive, happening after damage has occurred. For example, a contract might state: 'The company is responsible for the maintenance and restoration of the building.' This distinction is crucial for legal and technical clarity. When discussing the environment, scientists might talk about 'tarmīm al-bi'ah' (environmental restoration), such as replanting forests or cleaning coral reefs, though 'i'ādah' (return/restoration) is also common there.
- Passive vs. Active
- The noun tarmīm is used regardless of whether the focus is on the restorer or the object. 'Khada`at al-bināyah lil-tarmīm' (The building underwent restoration).
تَكَلَّفَتْ عَمَلِيَّةُ تَرْمِيمِ المَتْحَفِ مَلايِينَ الدُّولارَاتِ.
If you are traveling through the Arab world, you will encounter تَرْمِيم most frequently on large signboards outside historical sites. In Cairo's Islamic Quarter, Luxor's temples, or the Old City of Jerusalem, you will see 'Mashrū' Tarmīm' (Restoration Project) written in bold letters. These signs often list the organizations involved, such as UNESCO or local ministries of antiquities. This word is a staple of cultural heritage discourse, signaling that the site is being cared for and preserved. It evokes a sense of pride in history and a commitment to the future.
- News and Media
- Arabic news channels like Al Jazeera or Al Arabiya frequently use this word in segments about cultural news. You might hear: 'The government has launched a campaign for the tarmīm of historical landmarks after the earthquake.'
تَقُومُ اليُونِسْكُو بِدَعْمِ مَشَارِيعِ تَرْمِيمِ التُّرَاثِ العَالَمِيِّ فِي المِنْطَقَةِ.
In documentaries about art or history, the word is used to describe the technical aspects of the craft. Experts will discuss the 'tarmīm' of icons, mosaics, or statues. You will hear them explain how they use laser technology or traditional pigments to achieve the best results. This word belongs to the lexicon of experts—engineers, archaeologists, and historians—but it is widely understood by the general public as a signifier of high-quality, respectful repair. In recent years, with the conflicts in several Arab countries, the word has also appeared in the context of 'reconstruction' and 'restoration' of war-torn heritage, carrying a poignant emotional weight of reclaiming what was lost.
- Legal and Administrative
- In municipal offices, if you own an old building, you must apply for a 'Tasrīḥ Tarmīm' (Restoration Permit) before making any changes. This ensures that the historical value of the building is not compromised by modern additions.
يَجِبُ الحُصُولُ عَلَى تَصْرِيحِ تَرْمِيمٍ قَبْلَ البَدْءِ فِي إِصْلاحِ المَبَانِي القَدِيمَةِ.
Finally, you might hear it in political speeches. Leaders often talk about the 'tarmīm al-bayt al-`arabī' (restoring the Arab house), a metaphor for improving relations and unity among Arab nations. In this context, the word moves from stone and mortar to the realm of diplomacy and shared identity. It suggests that while the 'house' (the collective Arab world) has suffered damage or division, it can be restored to its former strength through careful effort and cooperation. This demonstrates the versatility of tarmīm as a word that bridges the physical and the abstract.
- Social Context
- In literature, a protagonist might seek the tarmīm of their family's honor or reputation, using the word to imply a return to a respected state.
One of the most common mistakes learners make with تَرْمِيم is using it for simple, everyday repairs. If your car breaks down or your phone screen cracks, you should not use tarmīm. Instead, use 'إِصْلاح' (iṣlāḥ), which means 'repair' or 'fixing'. Using tarmīm for a broken phone sounds overly dramatic, as if you are treating the phone like a priceless 15th-century artifact. Remember: tarmīm is for things with historical, artistic, or structural significance that require specialized skill to restore to an original state.
- Tarmim vs. Tajdid
- Another point of confusion is between 'tarmīm' and 'تَجْدِيد' (tajdīd). While 'tarmīm' looks backward (restoring to the past), 'tajdīd' looks forward (making it new/modern). If you take an old house and put in modern windows and a smart-home system, that is tajdīd. If you carefully repair the original wooden windows and lime plaster, that is tarmīm.
خَطَأ: قُمْتُ بِـتَرْمِيمِ حِذَائِي المُمَزَّقِ. (صَوَاب: إِصْلاحِ)
Learners also sometimes confuse it with 'بِنَاء' (binā') or 'إِعَادَة بِنَاء' (i`ādat binā'). 'Binā'' is simply building from scratch. 'I`ādat binā'' is reconstruction, which usually happens after something has been completely destroyed (like a building leveled in a war). Tarmīm, on the other hand, implies that the original structure still exists but is in a state of decay or partial damage. You restore what is there; you rebuild what is gone. Mixing these up can change the meaning of your sentence significantly in a technical or historical context.
- Usage with People
- Be careful when using tarmīm regarding people. It can be used metaphorically for 'healing' or 'restoring' a person's dignity, but it sounds very literary. In normal conversation about health, use 'عِلاج' (treatment) or 'شِفَاء' (healing).
تَجَنَّبِ اسْتِخْدَامَ تَرْمِيم لِلأَعْطَالِ التِّقَنِيَّةِ البَسِيطَةِ.
Finally, watch the pronunciation. Some learners might confuse the root with 'R-M-Y' (to throw). 'Tarmīm' (restoration) sounds different from 'Tarmī' (throwing). Ensure you pronounce the 'm' clearly. Also, in some dialects, people might use local words for fixing things, but tarmīm remains the standard and most respected term across the Arab world for professional restoration work. Using it correctly will immediately mark you as an advanced speaker who understands the nuances of the language.
- Preposition Pitfall
- When using the verb 'rammama', it is transitive and takes a direct object. You don't need a 'bi-' unless you are using the noun with 'qāma' (قام بـتـرمـيـم).
Arabic is a language rich in synonyms, and while تَرْمِيم is specific, there are several related words you should know to expand your vocabulary and understand different contexts. The most common alternative is 'إِصْلاح' (iṣlāḥ). While tarmīm is 'restoration', iṣlāḥ is 'repair' or 'reform'. You 'iṣlāḥ' a car, but you also 'iṣlāḥ' a political system. Iṣlāḥ is more general and can be applied to almost anything that is broken or functioning poorly.
- Comparison Table
- Tarmīm: Restoration of historical/valuable items.
- Iṣlāḥ: General repair or political reform.
- Tajdīd: Modernization or renewal.
- Ṣiyānah: Routine maintenance to prevent decay.
الفَرْقُ بَيْنَ التَّرْمِيمِ وَالتَّجْدِيدِ هُوَ الحِفَاظُ عَلَى المَاضِي مُقَابِلَ التَّطَلُّعِ لِلمُسْتَقْبَلِ.
Another related word is 'تَأْهِيل' (ta'hīl), which means 'rehabilitation'. This is often used for buildings that are being adapted for a new use (like turning an old factory into a museum) or for people (like rehabilitating a patient). 'صِيَانَة' (ṣiyānah) is 'maintenance'. If tarmīm is the surgery, ṣiyānah is the daily vitamins. You do ṣiyānah so that you don't eventually need tarmīm. In the context of art, you might also hear 'حِفْظ' (ḥifẓ), which means 'preservation' or 'conservation', focusing on keeping the object as it is without necessarily repairing it.
- Contextual Choice
- If you are talking about fixing a relationship, you can use 'tarmīm' or 'iṣlāḥ'. 'Iṣlāḥ dhāt al-bayn' is a specific religious and legal term for reconciling people.
يُعَدُّ تَرْمِيمُ العَلاقَاتِ الإِنْسَانِيَّةِ أَصْعَبَ مِنْ تَرْمِيمِ الحِجَارَةِ.
Finally, consider 'تَقْوِيَة' (taqwiyah), which means 'strengthening' or 'reinforcement'. In engineering, this is a specific part of tarmīm that involves making the structure physically stronger, perhaps by adding steel beams or carbon fiber. While tarmīm is the umbrella term for the whole process, taqwiyah is the technical part that ensures the building doesn't fall down. Understanding these subtle differences will help you read technical reports and news articles with much greater precision. Each word offers a different lens through which to view the act of fixing and preserving.
- Summary of Alternatives
- Use 'tarmim' for heritage, 'islah' for general fixes, 'tajdid' for modernization, and 'siyanah' for ongoing care. This precision is the hallmark of a B2/C1 level speaker.
چقدر رسمی است؟
"تُعْلِنُ الوزارةُ عَن بَدءِ مَشروعِ تَرْمِيمِ المَواقِعِ التّاريخيّةِ."
"هَذا البَيتُ القَديمُ يَحتاجُ إلى تَرْمِيمٍ."
"عَمَلوا تَرْمِيم حِلو لِلمَحَلّ."
"التَّرْمِيمُ مِثلُ تَصليحِ الأَلعابِ القَديمةِ لِتُصبِحَ جَدِيدةً."
"مِحتاج تَرْمِيم لِنَفسِي."
نکته جالب
The root R-M-M appears in the Quran in the context of 'decayed bones' (idham ramim). The modern use for 'architectural restoration' is an evolution of this idea—bringing life and strength back to something that has succumbed to time and decay.
راهنمای تلفظ
- Pronouncing the 'r' like an English 'r' (keep it tapped).
- Shortening the 'ee' sound (it must be long).
- Confusing it with 'tarmī' (throwing) which lacks the final 'm'.
- Not pronouncing the 't' clearly at the beginning.
- Mixing up the vowel on the first letter (it's a 'fatha', not a 'damma').
سطح دشواری
The word is easy to read once the 'Taf'il' pattern is known, but it appears in complex academic texts.
Requires knowledge of the 'Idafa' structure and correct spelling of the root 'R-M-M'.
Pronunciation is straightforward, but choosing it over 'islah' requires vocabulary nuance.
Clear sound, but can be confused with other 'Taf'il' nouns if not careful.
بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟
پیشنیازها
بعداً یاد بگیرید
پیشرفته
گرامر لازم
The Masdar (Verbal Noun) of Form II
The verb 'rammama' (Form II) becomes 'tarmim' following the pattern 'taf'il'.
The Idafa Construction
'Tarmim al-bayt' (Restoration of the house) - 'tarmim' is the mudaf, 'al-bayt' is the mudaf ilayh.
Transitive Verbs
The verb 'rammama' is transitive, e.g., 'rammama al-fannanu al-lawhata' (The artist restored the painting).
Passive with 'Tamma'
'Tamma tarmim al-binaya' is a common way to say 'The building was restored' in modern Arabic.
Adjective Agreement
'Tarmimun shamilun' (Comprehensive restoration) - the adjective 'shamil' matches the noun in gender, case, and definiteness.
مثالها بر اساس سطح
هَذَا المَسْجِدُ قَدِيمٌ جِدًّا، هُوَ يَحْتَاجُ إِلَى تَرْمِيمٍ.
This mosque is very old; it needs restoration.
Simple sentence using the noun 'tarmim' after the preposition 'ila'.
التَّرْمِيمُ يُعِيدُ الجَمَالَ لِلمَبَانِي القَدِيمَةِ.
Restoration returns beauty to old buildings.
The noun 'tarmim' is the subject of the sentence.
أَنَا أُحِبُّ تَرْمِيمَ الصُّوَرِ القَدِيمَةِ.
I love restoring old photos.
Idafa construction: 'tarmim' + 'al-suwar'.
هَلْ هَذَا مَشْرُوعُ تَرْمِيمٍ؟
Is this a restoration project?
Interrogative sentence with a noun phrase.
العُمَّالُ يَبْدَأُونَ التَّرْمِيمَ اليَوْمَ.
The workers are starting the restoration today.
Verb 'yabda'un' (they start) followed by the definite noun 'al-tarmim'.
تَرْمِيمُ القَلْعَةِ أَمْرٌ مُهِمٌّ.
The restoration of the castle is an important matter.
Idafa structure as the subject.
يُوجَدُ تَرْمِيمٌ فِي هَذَا الشَّارِعِ.
There is restoration (work) in this street.
Existential sentence using 'yujad'.
تَرْمِيمُ البَيْتِ يُكَلِّفُ كَثِيراً.
Restoring the house costs a lot.
Idafa structure followed by a verb.
تَمَّ تَرْمِيمُ المَتْحَفِ الوَطَنِيِّ فِي العَامِ المَاضِي.
The national museum was restored last year.
Use of 'tamma' (was completed/done) to create a passive meaning.
نَحْنُ نَحْمِي التُّرَاثَ عَنْ طَرِيقِ التَّرْمِيمِ.
We protect heritage through restoration.
Prepositional phrase 'an tariq' (by way of).
عَمَلِيَّةُ التَّرْمِيمِ تَسْتَغْرِقُ وَقْتاً طَوِيلاً.
The restoration process takes a long time.
Noun phrase 'amaliyyat al-tarmim' (the process of restoration).
هَذِهِ اللَّوْحَةُ تَحْتَاجُ إِلَى تَرْمِيمٍ فَنِّيٍّ.
This painting needs artistic restoration.
Noun followed by an adjective 'fanni' (artistic).
قَامَ الفَرِيقُ بِتَرْمِيمِ الأَعْمِدَةِ الرُّخَامِيَّةِ.
The team performed the restoration of the marble columns.
The verb 'qama' followed by 'bi-' and the noun.
تَرْمِيمُ الأَثَاثِ القَدِيمِ هِوَايَتِي المُفَضَّلَةُ.
Restoring old furniture is my favorite hobby.
Idafa with an adjective for the second noun.
زُرْتُ مَدِينَةً تَشْتَهِرُ بِتَرْمِيمِ الآثَارِ.
I visited a city famous for the restoration of antiquities.
Relative clause 'tashtahir bi-' (famous for).
هَلْ تَعْرِفُ كَيْفِيَّةَ تَرْمِيمِ الكُتُبِ القَدِيمَةِ؟
Do you know how to restore old books?
Idafa within a 'how-to' question.
يَسْعَى المَشْرُوعُ إِلَى تَرْمِيمِ الهُوِيَّةِ الثَّقَافِيَّةِ لِلمَدِينَةِ.
The project seeks to restore the cultural identity of the city.
Metaphorical use of 'tarmim' with 'identity'.
يَجِبُ اسْتِخْدَامُ مَوَادَّ طَبِيعِيَّةٍ فِي تَرْمِيمِ المَبَانِي التَّارِيخِيَّةِ.
Natural materials must be used in the restoration of historical buildings.
Passive verb 'yajib istikhdam' followed by a prepositional phrase.
بَعْدَ الزِّلْزَالِ، بَدَأَتْ عَمَلِيَّاتُ تَرْمِيمٍ وَاسِعَةُ النِّطَاقِ.
After the earthquake, large-scale restoration operations began.
Compound adjective 'wasi'at al-nitaq' (large-scale).
يُشْرِفُ خُبَرَاءُ دُوَلِيُّونَ عَلَى تَرْمِيمِ المَوَاقِعِ الأَثَرِيَّةِ.
International experts supervise the restoration of archaeological sites.
Verb 'yushrif' (supervise) followed by the preposition 'ala'.
تَرْمِيمُ الثِّقَةِ بَيْنَ الطَّرَفَيْنِ سَيَسْتَغْرِقُ سَنَوَاتٍ.
Restoring trust between the two parties will take years.
Abstract usage of 'tarmim'.
تَعْتَمِدُ تِقْنِيَّاتُ التَّرْمِيمِ الحَدِيثَةِ عَلَى الليزرِ.
Modern restoration techniques rely on lasers.
Idafa 'tiqniyyat al-tarmim' (restoration techniques).
لَمْ يَعُدْ مُمْكِناً تَرْمِيمُ مَا دَمَّرَتْهُ الحَرْبُ بِسُهُولَةٍ.
It is no longer possible to easily restore what the war destroyed.
Complex sentence with 'lam ya'ud' (no longer).
خَصَّصَتِ المُنَظَّمَةُ مِنْحَةً لِتَرْمِيمِ المَخْطُوطَاتِ النَّادِرَةِ.
The organization allocated a grant for the restoration of rare manuscripts.
Noun 'minhah' (grant) followed by 'li-' (for).
يُعَدُّ تَرْمِيمُ الآثَارِ جِسْراً يَرْبِطُ بَيْنَ المَاضِي وَالحَاضِرِ.
The restoration of antiquities is considered a bridge that links the past and the present.
Passive construction 'yu'ad' (is considered).
تَتَطَلَّبُ مَشَارِيعُ التَّرْمِيمِ دِرَاسَاتٍ جِيُولُوجِيَّةً وَتَارِيخِيَّةً مُعَمَّقَةً.
Restoration projects require in-depth geological and historical studies.
Use of the adjective 'mu'ammaqah' (in-depth).
أَدَّى الإِهْمَالُ إِلَى تَدَهْوُرِ المَبْنَى، مِمَّا جَعَلَ تَرْمِيمَهُ مُسْتَحِيلاً.
Neglect led to the deterioration of the building, making its restoration impossible.
Use of the suffix pronoun '-hu' on 'tarmim'.
يَهْدِفُ تَرْمِيمُ المَنَاطِقِ القَدِيمَةِ إِلَى تَنْشِيطِ السِّياحَةِ الثَّقَافِيَّةِ.
The restoration of old areas aims to stimulate cultural tourism.
Verb 'yahdif' (aims) followed by the preposition 'ila'.
تَمَّ اسْتِخْدَامُ تِقْنِيَّةِ النَّانُو فِي تَرْمِيمِ التَّمَاثِيلِ الحَجَرِيَّةِ.
Nanotechnology was used in the restoration of stone statues.
Technical terminology 'tiqniyyat al-nano'.
يُشَدِّدُ المِعْمَارِيُّونَ عَلَى ضَرُورَةِ التَّرْمِيمِ مَعَ الحِفَاظِ عَلَى الأَصَالَةِ.
Architects emphasize the necessity of restoration while maintaining authenticity.
Verb 'yushaddid' (emphasize) and the concept of 'asalah' (authenticity).
تُوَاجِهُ عَمَلِيَّةُ التَّرْمِيمِ تَحَدِّيَاتٍ تِقَنِيَّةً وَتَمْوِيلِيَّةً كَبِيرَةً.
The restoration process faces major technical and financial challenges.
Noun 'tahaddiyat' (challenges) with dual adjectives.
يَعْمَلُ المُرَمِّمُونَ بِدِقَّةٍ لِتَجَنُّبِ أَيِّ ضَرَرٍ إِضَافِيٍّ لِلقِطَعِ الفَنِّيَّةِ.
Restorers work precisely to avoid any additional damage to the art pieces.
Plural noun 'murammimun' (restorers).
يَتَجَاوَزُ التَّرْمِيمُ مَفْهُومَ الإِصْلاحِ المَادِّيِّ لِيَشْمَلَ إِحْيَاءَ الذَّاكِرَةِ الجَمَاعِيَّةِ.
Restoration transcends the concept of physical repair to include the revival of collective memory.
Abstract verb 'yatajawaz' (transcend) and 'ishmal' (include).
تُثِيرُ مَسْأَلَةُ تَرْمِيمِ الآثَارِ جَدَلاً حَوْلَ مَدَى التَّدَخُّلِ المَسْمُوحِ بِهِ.
The issue of antiquities restoration sparks debate about the extent of permissible intervention.
Complex noun phrase 'mada al-tadakhkhul al-masmuh bihi'.
إِنَّ تَرْمِيمَ العَلاقَاتِ الدُّوَلِيَّةِ يَتَطَلَّبُ إِرَادَةً سِيَاسِيَّةً صَادِقَةً.
Restoring international relations requires sincere political will.
Use of 'inna' for emphasis at the start of the sentence.
تُعَانِي بَعْضُ المَشَارِيعِ مِنْ سُوءِ التَّرْمِيمِ الَّذِي قَدْ يَمْحُو المَعَالِمَ التَّارِيخِيَّةِ.
Some projects suffer from poor restoration that might erase historical features.
Compound noun 'su' al-tarmim' (bad restoration).
يُعَدُّ التَّرْمِيمُ عِلْماً قَائِماً بِذَاتِهِ يَمْزُجُ بَيْنَ الكِيمِيَاءِ وَالفَنِّ وَالتَّارِيخِ.
Restoration is considered a science in its own right that blends chemistry, art, and history.
Phrase 'qa'iman bi-dhatihi' (in its own right).
سَاهَمَ التَّرْمِيمُ المِعْمَارِيُّ فِي الحِفَاظِ عَلَى النَّسِيجِ العُمْرَانِيِّ لِلمَدِينَةِ القَدِيمَةِ.
Architectural restoration contributed to preserving the urban fabric of the old city.
Metaphorical term 'al-nasij al-umrani' (urban fabric).
يَجِبُ أَنْ يَخْضَعَ أَيُّ تَرْمِيمٍ لِمَعَايِيرَ دُوَلِيَّةٍ صَارِمَةٍ.
Any restoration must be subject to strict international standards.
Subjunctive mood 'an yakhda'a'.
إِنَّ تَرْمِيمَ مَا أَفْسَدَهُ الدَّهْرُ هُوَ مَسْعَى الإِنْسَانِ لِلخُلُودِ.
Restoring what time has ruined is man's quest for immortality.
Highly literary and philosophical sentence structure.
تَكْمُنُ فَلْسَفَةُ التَّرْمِيمِ فِي إِيجَادِ تِوَازُنٍ هَشٍّ بَيْنَ دَيْمُومَةِ المَادَّةِ وَفَنَائِهَا.
The philosophy of restoration lies in finding a fragile balance between the permanence of matter and its transience.
Advanced vocabulary like 'daymumah' (permanence) and 'fana'' (transience).
يُعِيدُ التَّرْمِيمُ صِيَاغَةَ السَّرْدِيَّةِ التَّارِيخِيَّةِ لِلمَكَانِ مِنْ خِلالِ إِبْرَازِ عَنَاصِرِهِ المَنْسِيَّةِ.
Restoration reformulates the historical narrative of a place by highlighting its forgotten elements.
Abstract concept 'sardiyyah tarikhiyyah' (historical narrative).
إِنَّ التَّرْمِيمَ الإِيكُولُوجِيَّ يُمَثِّلُ ضَرُورَةً قُصْوَى لِمُوَاجَهَةِ التَّغَيُّرِ المُنَاخِيِّ.
Ecological restoration represents an utmost necessity to face climate change.
Technical term 'tarmim ikuluji' and 'darurah quswa' (utmost necessity).
قَدْ يُؤَدِّي التَّرْمِيمُ الجَائِرُ إِلَى طَمْسِ الهُوِيَّةِ الأَصْلِيَّةِ لِلأَثَرِ.
Unfair (excessive) restoration may lead to blotting out the original identity of the antiquity.
Use of 'qad' with the present tense to indicate possibility.
يَتَطَلَّبُ تَرْمِيمُ النُّصُوصِ الأَدَبِيَّةِ القَدِيمَةِ فَهْماً عَمِيقاً لِلسِّيَاقِ اللُّغَوِيِّ وَالثَّقَافِيِّ.
Restoring ancient literary texts requires a deep understanding of the linguistic and cultural context.
Metaphorical use of 'tarmim' for philological work.
تَجَلَّتْ بَرَاعَةُ المُرَمِّمِينَ فِي إِعَادَةِ الرُّوحِ إِلَى الفُسَيْفِسَاءِ البَاهِتَةِ.
The restorers' brilliance was manifested in bringing the soul back to the faded mosaics.
Verb 'tajallat' (was manifested) and the metaphor 'i'adat al-ruh' (returning the soul).
يَنْبَغِي أَنْ يَكُونَ التَّرْمِيمُ عَمَلِيَّةً مُسْتَدَامَةً تَرْتَكِزُ عَلَى البَحْثِ العِلْمِيِّ.
Restoration should be a sustainable process based on scientific research.
Verb 'yanbaghi' (should/ought) and the adjective 'mustadamah' (sustainable).
إِنَّ تَرْمِيمَ مَا انْكَسَرَ فِي النَّفْسِ البَشَرِيَّةِ هُوَ أَصْعَبُ أَنْوَاعِ التَّرْمِيمِ عَلَى الإِطْلاقِ.
Restoring what has been broken in the human soul is the most difficult type of restoration at all.
Superlative construction 'as'ab anwa'... 'ala al-itlaq'.
ترکیبهای رایج
عبارات رایج
— To perform a restoration process. This is the standard way to express the action in a formal sentence.
قَامَتِ البَلَدِيَّةُ بِعَمَلِيَّةِ تَرْمِيمٍ لِلسُّورِ القَدِيمِ.
— Under restoration. You will see this on signs when a building is closed for repairs.
المَكْتَبَةُ مُغْلَقَةٌ لأَنَّهَا تَحْتَ التَّرْمِيمِ.
— Restoring what time has ruined. A poetic way to talk about fixing very old things or long-standing problems.
يُحَاوِلُ العُلَمَاءُ تَرْمِيمَ مَا أَفْسَدَهُ الدَّهْرُ فِي هَذِهِ المَدِينَةِ.
— After the completion of restoration. Common in announcements about reopening sites.
سَيُفْتَحُ المَتْحَفُ بَعْدَ الانْتِهَاءِ مِنَ التَّرْمِيمِ.
— Healing/restoring wounds. Used metaphorically for emotional or societal healing.
يَحْتَاجُ المُجْتَمَعُ إِلَى تَرْمِيمِ الجُرُوحِ بَعْدَ الأَزْمَةِ.
— The necessity of restoration. Used in reports arguing for funding or urgent action.
أَكَّدَ التَّقْرِيرُ عَلَى ضَرُورَةِ التَّرْمِيمِ العَاجِلِ.
— Restoration materials. Refers to the specific chemicals, stones, or tools used.
يَجِبُ اسْتِيرَادُ مَوَادِّ التَّرْمِيمِ مِنْ إِيطَالِيَا.
— Restoration plan. The formal document outlining how a project will proceed.
وَضَعَ المِعْمَارِيُّ خُطَّةَ تَرْمِيمٍ لِلقَصْرِ.
— Manual restoration. Emphasizes that the work is done by hand without heavy machinery.
يُفَضِّلُ الخُبَرَاءُ التَّرْمِيمَ اليَدَوِيَّ لِلقِطَعِ الصَّغِيرَةِ.
— Restoration budget. The financial allocation for a project.
تَمَّ تَجَاوُزُ مِيزَانِيَّةِ التَّرْمِيمِ بِسَبَبِ التَّأْخِيرِ.
اغلب اشتباه گرفته میشود با
Islah is general fixing; tarmim is specialized restoration.
Tajdid is making things new/modern; tarmim is keeping them old/original.
Tarmi means 'you throw' or 'she throws'. Don't confuse the sounds!
اصطلاحات و عبارات
— Restoring the house from within. Often used metaphorically for internal reform within an organization or country.
قَبْلَ مُوَاجَهَةِ العَدُوِّ، يَجِبُ تَرْمِيمُ البَيْتِ مِنَ الدَّاخِلِ.
Political/Social— To mend a crack. Used metaphorically for resolving a division or disagreement between people.
حَاوَلَ الوَسِيطُ تَرْمِيمَ الصَّدْعِ بَيْنَ القَبِيلَتَيْنِ.
Literary— Restoring the diaspora/scattered parts. Used for bringing together scattered family members or ideas.
كَانَ يَسْعَى إِلَى تَرْمِيمِ شَتَاتِ أُسْرَتِهِ بَعْدَ الحَرْبِ.
Literary/Emotional— To restore his pride. Used when someone tries to regain respect after a humiliating experience.
بَعْدَ الخَسَارَةِ، حَاوَلَ الفَرِيقُ تَرْمِيمَ كِبْرِيَائِهِ بِالفَوْزِ فِي المُبَارَاةِ التَّالِيَةِ.
Journalistic— To restore what remains. Used when most of something is lost, and one tries to save the little that is left.
لَمْ يَبْقَ الكَثِيرُ، لَكِنَّنَا سَنُحَاوِلُ تَرْمِيمَ مَا تَبَقَّى.
General— Restoring bridges. A metaphor for rebuilding diplomatic or personal connections.
تَهْدِفُ الزِّيَارَةُ إِلَى تَرْمِيمِ الجُسُورِ المَقْطُوعَةِ بَيْنَ البَلَدَيْنِ.
Diplomatic— To restore his strength/forces. Used for recovering energy after exhaustion or illness.
احْتَاجَ الرِّيَاضِيُّ إِلَى بَعْضِ الوَقْتِ لِتَرْمِيمِ قُوَاهُ.
General— Restoring the image. Used for PR or reputation management when someone's public image is damaged.
تَعْمَلُ الشَّرِكَةُ عَلَى تَرْمِيمِ صُورَتِهَا بَعْدَ الفَضِيحَةِ.
Business/Media— To mend the silence. A poetic way to describe breaking a long silence with careful words.
تَكَلَّمَ أَخِيراً لِيُرَمِّمَ الصَّمْتَ الَّذِي دَامَ سَاعَاتٍ.
Poetic— Restoring memory. Used for historical research or helping someone remember lost events.
يُسَاهِمُ هَذَا الكِتَابُ فِي تَرْمِيمِ الذَّاكِرَةِ الوَطَنِيَّةِ.
Academic/Literaryبهراحتی اشتباه گرفته میشود
Both mean 'fixing'.
Taslih is used for mechanical items like cars or watches. Tarmim is for artistic or structural heritage.
تَصْلِيح السَّاعَة (fixing the watch) vs تَرْمِيم التِّمْثَال (restoring the statue).
Both relate to buildings.
Ta'mir is 'construction' or 'development' (making a place inhabited). Tarmim is fixing what is already there.
تَعْمِير الصَّحْرَاء (developing the desert) vs تَرْمِيم القَصْر (restoring the palace).
Both mean making something better.
Tahsin is 'improvement'. It doesn't imply that something was broken, just that it could be better. Tarmim implies decay or damage.
تَحْسِين الخِدْمَات (improving services).
Both imply returning to a state.
I'ada is a generic prefix for 're-'. Tarmim is a specific process.
إِعَادَة فَتْح (re-opening).
Both are building-related services.
Siyanah is preventative maintenance. Tarmim is corrective restoration.
صِيَانَة المُكَيِّف (AC maintenance).
الگوهای جملهسازی
[Noun] يَحْتَاجُ إِلَى تَرْمِيمٍ
المَسْجِدُ يَحْتَاجُ إِلَى تَرْمِيمٍ.
تَمَّ تَرْمِيمُ [Noun] بَعْدَ [Event]
تَمَّ تَرْمِيمُ المَدْرَسَةِ بَعْدَ العَاصِفَةِ.
قَامَ [Subject] بِتَرْمِيمِ [Object]
قَامَتِ الحُكُومَةُ بِتَرْمِيمِ الجِسْرِ.
يَهْدِفُ مَشْرُوعُ التَّرْمِيمِ إِلَى [Verb]
يَهْدِفُ مَشْرُوعُ التَّرْمِيمِ إِلَى حِمَايَةِ الآثَارِ.
خَضَعَ [Noun] لِتَرْمِيمٍ دَقِيقٍ
خَضَعَتِ اللَّوْحَةُ لِتَرْمِيمٍ دَقِيقٍ.
يُعَدُّ تَرْمِيمُ [Abstract Noun] أَمْراً حَيَوِيّاً
يُعَدُّ تَرْمِيمُ الهُوِيَّةِ أَمْراً حَيَوِيّاً.
بِالرَّغْمِ مِنْ عَمَلِيَّاتِ التَّرْمِيمِ، إِلا أَنَّ...
بِالرَّغْمِ مِنْ عَمَلِيَّاتِ التَّرْمِيمِ، إِلا أَنَّ المَبْنَى لا يَزَالُ ضَعِيفاً.
تَتَجَلَّى أَسْمَى مَعَانِي التَّرْمِيمِ فِي...
تَتَجَلَّى أَسْمَى مَعَانِي التَّرْمِيمِ فِي إِعَادَةِ الحَيَاةِ لِلمُدُنِ المَنْسِيَّةِ.
خانواده کلمه
اسمها
فعلها
صفتها
مرتبط
نحوه استفاده
High in cultural, historical, and architectural contexts; medium in general daily life.
-
Using 'tarmim' for a broken car.
→
Using 'islah' or 'taslih'.
'Tarmim' is for things of historical or artistic value. A car is a machine, so it needs a mechanical repair ('islah').
-
Pronouncing it 'tarmī' (without the final m).
→
Pronouncing it 'tarmīm'.
'Tarmī' is a verb meaning 'she throws'. The final 'm' is essential for the meaning 'restoration'.
-
Using 'tarmim' to mean 'building from scratch'.
→
Using 'bina''.
'Tarmim' requires that something already exists. You cannot 'tarmim' a building that hasn't been built yet.
-
Confusing 'tarmim' with 'tajdid' in a heritage context.
→
Using 'tarmim' for preservation.
If you want to preserve the history, use 'tarmim'. If you want to make it look like a modern office, use 'tajdid'.
-
Forgetting the 'bi-' when using the verb 'qama'.
→
Qama bi-tarmim...
The verb 'qama' (to perform) always requires the preposition 'bi' before the noun it is performing.
نکات
Think Heritage
Whenever you see a historical building, think of the word 'tarmim'. It will help you associate the word with its most common and correct context.
Use with Idafa
The easiest way to use 'tarmim' is to put it before the thing being fixed: 'Tarmim [Thing]'. This is the standard Idafa construction.
The Long 'EE'
Make sure you stretch the 'ee' sound in the second syllable. It's 'tar-meeeem', not 'tar-mim'. This makes your Arabic sound more authentic.
Formal Writing
In essays, use 'tarmim' instead of 'islah' when talking about culture or society. It shows you have a sophisticated vocabulary.
Tarmim vs Tajdid
Remember: Tarmim = Old is Gold. Tajdid = Out with the Old, In with the New. This distinction is key for B2 level learners.
Emotional Healing
Use 'tarmim' for deep emotional healing. It sounds more poetic and serious than other words for 'fixing' a situation.
News Keywords
When listening to Arabic news, 'tarmim' is often paired with 'UNESCO' or 'Wizarat al-Thaqafa' (Ministry of Culture). Listen for these clues.
The Restorer
Learn 'murammim' (restorer) alongside 'tarmim'. It's useful to know the noun for the person performing the action.
Root R-M-M
Look up other words from the root R-M-M, like 'ramim' (decayed). Understanding the 'decay' part of the root helps you understand why 'restoration' is the fix.
Labeling
If you have an old book or a family heirloom, mentally label it with the word 'tarmim'. It's a great way to build a personal connection with the word.
حفظ کنید
روش یادسپاری
Think of 'TAR' and 'MIM'. You use 'TAR' (a building material) to fix things, and 'MIM' sounds like 'Mend'. Tarmim = Tar + Mend = Restoration.
تداعی تصویری
Imagine an old stone wall with a worker carefully putting a new stone into a gap, using a tiny brush to clean the dust. This careful, slow process is 'tarmim'.
شبکه واژگان
چالش
Try to find three things in your house that are old. Would they need 'islah' (simple repair) or 'tarmim' (careful restoration)? Explain why in Arabic using the word 'tarmim'.
ریشه کلمه
The word comes from the tri-consonantal root ر-م-م (R-M-M). In ancient Arabic, this root was associated with the idea of something being old, worn out, or decaying. It was particularly used to describe bones that had become brittle with age.
معنای اصلی: To mend something that has decayed or to gather together parts of something that has fallen apart.
Semitic (Arabic).بافت فرهنگی
When discussing 'tarmim' in war-torn areas, be sensitive to the fact that many sites were intentionally destroyed, making the word 'tarmim' a symbol of hope and resistance.
In English, we often use 'restoration' for art and 'renovation' for houses. Arabic uses 'tarmim' for both if the house has historical value.
تمرین در زندگی واقعی
موقعیتهای واقعی
Archaeology
- تَرْمِيمُ القِطَعِ الفَخَّارِيَّةِ
- تَرْمِيمُ المَعَابِدِ
- خَبِيرُ تَرْمِيمِ آثَارٍ
- تِقْنِيَّاتُ التَّرْمِيمِ
Art Conservation
- تَرْمِيمُ اللَّوْحَاتِ الزَّيْتِيَّةِ
- تَرْمِيمُ المَنْحُوتَاتِ
- إِعَادَةُ الأَلْوَانِ الأَصْلِيَّةِ
- مَوَادُّ كِيمِيَائِيَّةٌ لِلتَّرْمِيمِ
Real Estate (Historic)
- تَرْمِيمُ المَنَازِلِ التُّرَاثِيَّةِ
- تَكَالِيفُ التَّرْمِيمِ العَالِيَةُ
- تَصْرِيحُ تَرْمِيمٍ مِنَ البَلَدِيَّةِ
- تَرْمِيمُ الوَاجِهَاتِ
Psychology/Relationships
- تَرْمِيمُ النَّفْسِ
- تَرْمِيمُ العَلاقَةِ الزَّوْجِيَّةِ
- تَرْمِيمُ الثِّقَةِ المَفْقُودَةِ
- عَمَلِيَّةُ تَرْمِيمٍ نَفْسِيٍّ
Library Science
- تَرْمِيمُ الكُتُبِ النَّادِرَةِ
- تَرْمِيمُ الوَرَقِ
- مُخْتَبَرُ تَرْمِيمِ المَخْطُوطَاتِ
- حِفْظُ وَتَرْمِيمُ السِّجِلاتِ
شروعکنندههای مکالمه
"مَا رَأْيُكَ فِي مَشْرُوعِ تَرْمِيمِ المَدِينَةِ القَدِيمَةِ؟ (What is your opinion on the restoration project of the old city?)"
"هَلْ تَعْتَقِدُ أَنَّ التَّرْمِيمَ أَفْضَلُ مِنَ التَّجْدِيدِ؟ (Do you think restoration is better than renewal/modernization?)"
"هَلْ سَبَقَ لَكَ أَنْ زُرْتَ مَكَاناً تَحْتَ التَّرْمِيمِ؟ (Have you ever visited a place under restoration?)"
"كَيْفَ يُمْكِنُنَا تَرْمِيمُ العَلاقَاتِ بَيْنَ الثَّقَافَاتِ؟ (How can we restore relationships between cultures?)"
"مَا هِيَ أَصْعَبُ تَرْمِيمَاتٍ قَدْ يَقُومُ بِهَا الإِنْسَانُ؟ (What are the most difficult restorations a person can perform?)"
موضوعات نگارش
اكْتُبْ عَنْ مَبْنَى قَدِيمٍ فِي مَدِينَتِكَ يَحْتَاجُ إِلَى تَرْمِيمٍ وَلِمَاذَا. (Write about an old building in your city that needs restoration and why.)
هَلْ تَعْتَقِدُ أَنَّ تَرْمِيمَ الثِّقَةِ بَعْدَ الكَذِبِ مُمْكِنٌ؟ نَاقِشْ ذَلِكَ. (Do you think restoring trust after a lie is possible? Discuss that.)
تَخَيَّلْ أَنَّكَ خَبِيرُ تَرْمِيمٍ، مَا هِيَ القِطْعَةُ الأَثَرِيَّةُ الَّتِي تَتَمَنَّى تَرْمِيمَهَا؟ (Imagine you are a restoration expert; what is the artifact you wish to restore?)
صِفْ شُعُورَكَ عِنْدَمَا تَرَى مَكاناً تَارِيخِيّاً تَمَّ تَرْمِيمُهُ بِإِتْقَانٍ. (Describe your feeling when you see a historical place that has been perfectly restored.)
نَاقِشْ أَهَمِّيَّةَ التَّرْمِيمِ فِي الحِفَاظِ عَلَى الهُوِيَّةِ الوَطَنِيَّةِ. (Discuss the importance of restoration in preserving national identity.)
سوالات متداول
10 سوالNo, 'tarmim' is too formal and specific for electronics. For a laptop, you should use 'islah' (repair) or 'taslih'. Using 'tarmim' would sound like you are treating your laptop as a historical monument. It might be funny as a joke, but it's not correct usage.
The main difference is the goal. 'Tarmim' (restoration) aims to keep the object looking like its original, historical self. 'Tajdid' (renovation/renewal) aims to make it look new, modern, or fresh. If you paint an old wall with neon colors, that's 'tajdid'. If you use the original 18th-century paint recipe, that's 'tarmim'.
Yes, but mostly metaphorically. You can say 'tarmim al-nafs' (restoring the soul) or 'tarmim al-`alaqat' (restoring relationships). It implies that the person or relationship was deeply damaged and needs careful, slow healing. It's not used for physical medicine (like fixing a broken arm).
The word for the person who performs restoration is 'murammim' (مُرَمِّم). For a female restorer, it is 'murammimah' (مُرَمِّمَة). You might also hear 'khabir tarmim' (restoration expert).
It's common in the news and if you live in a historic city. However, in daily life, people use 'islah' more often for everyday problems. You'll definitely see it on signs around town if there is construction on old buildings.
Technically, yes, if the clothes are historical (like a king's robe in a museum). For your everyday torn shirt, use 'khayata' (sewing) or 'ratq' (mending). 'Tarmim' implies a higher level of importance.
The plural is 'tarmimat' (تَرْمِيمَات). It is used when referring to multiple acts of restoration or different parts of a large restoration project. Example: 'The restorations (tarmimat) in the city took ten years.'
Yes, 'tarmim al-bi'ah' (environmental restoration) is a recognized term. It refers to restoring an ecosystem to its original state, such as after a forest fire or oil spill. It carries the same sense of 'returning to the original state'.
Mostly, yes, but its metaphorical uses (trust, soul, relationships) are very common in literature and high-level conversation. In those cases, the 'work' is emotional or social.
It comes from the root R-M-M (ر-م-م). This root is very old and originally referred to things that are decaying or falling apart, like old bones. The word 'tarmim' is the act of fixing those decaying things.
خودت رو بسنج 200 سوال
Write a sentence using 'تَرْمِيم' to describe fixing an old house.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Describe the job of a 'مُرَمِّم' in one sentence.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Use 'تَرْمِيم' metaphorically in a sentence about trust.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write a news headline about a museum restoration.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Explain the difference between 'تَرْمِيم' and 'إِصْلاح' in Arabic.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write a sentence using 'خَضَعَ لِلتَّرْمِيمِ'.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write a formal request for a restoration permit.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Describe a 'tarmim' project you saw in your city.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Use the plural 'تَرْمِيمَات' in a sentence.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write a sentence about restoring an old book.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Use 'تَرْمِيم' in a sentence about international relations.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write a sentence about the materials used in restoration.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write a sentence about the importance of heritage restoration.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Use 'تَرْمِيم' in a sentence about a painting.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write a sentence about a 'tarmim' budget.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write a sentence using 'بَعْدَ التَّرْمِيمِ'.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write a sentence about 'tarmim al-nafs'.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write a short dialogue between two restorers.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write a sentence about the role of UNESCO in restoration.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write a sentence using 'تَرْمِيمِيّ'.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Pronounce correctly: تَرْمِيم
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'Restoration of the house' in Arabic.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'The mosque needs restoration.'
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Explain what a 'murammim' does in Arabic.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'We are starting the restoration project today.'
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'Restoring trust is very difficult.'
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'This painting was restored last year.'
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Ask 'Is there a restoration permit?'
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'The experts work with precision.'
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'The museum is under restoration.'
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Explain the importance of restoration in your own words.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'The budget for restoration is large.'
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'I like restoring old photos.'
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'The castle was restored perfectly.'
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Ask 'How much does the restoration cost?'
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'We need new materials for restoration.'
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'The restoration process takes time.'
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'I am a restoration expert.'
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'This is a comprehensive restoration.'
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'Heritage is our identity.'
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Listen and write the word you hear: [Tarmim]
Listen and write the phrase: [Tarmim al-athar]
Is the speaker talking about building or restoring? [Text about fixing a castle]
Listen and identify the material mentioned: [Marble]
Listen for the word 'Tarmim' in this news clip. How many times was it said?
Listen and write the sentence: [Tamma tarmim al-bayt]
Does the speaker say it's easy or difficult? [Text about manuscript restoration]
Listen and write the plural: [Tarmimat]
Who is doing the work? [Text mentioning experts from France]
Listen and write: [Mizanayyat al-tarmim]
Identify the tone: Is it a formal announcement or a joke?
Listen and write: [Khabir tarmim]
What is being restored? [Text about an old mosque]
Is the restoration finished? [Text saying 'under restoration']
Listen and write the adjective: [Shamil]
/ 200 درست
نمره کامل!
Summary
Tarmīm (تَرْمِيم) is more than just a repair; it is a commitment to preservation and history. Whether you are talking about a 1000-year-old mosque or a fractured friendship, use this word to emphasize the care and skill required to restore something to its former glory. Example: 'The museum's restoration (tarmim) revealed the hidden beauty of the statue.'
- Tarmīm is the Arabic word for 'restoration', specifically used for historical buildings, art, and valuable antiquities to return them to their original state.
- It differs from 'islah' (repair) because it implies a professional, careful process that respects the historical and artistic value of the object.
- Commonly heard in news about heritage sites and seen on signs at museums or archaeological locations throughout the Arabic-speaking world.
- Metaphorically, it can refer to the restoration of trust, relationships, or identity, suggesting a slow and painstaking process of healing.
Think Heritage
Whenever you see a historical building, think of the word 'tarmim'. It will help you associate the word with its most common and correct context.
Use with Idafa
The easiest way to use 'tarmim' is to put it before the thing being fixed: 'Tarmim [Thing]'. This is the standard Idafa construction.
The Long 'EE'
Make sure you stretch the 'ee' sound in the second syllable. It's 'tar-meeeem', not 'tar-mim'. This makes your Arabic sound more authentic.
Formal Writing
In essays, use 'tarmim' instead of 'islah' when talking about culture or society. It shows you have a sophisticated vocabulary.
مثال
بدأت الحكومة مشروع ترميم الآثار القديمة.
محتوای مرتبط
واژههای بیشتر history
اِضْمِحْلال
B2زوال تدریجی قدرت، تمدن یا نفوذ.
اضطهاد
B2رفتار ناعادلانه یا بی رحمانه با یک فرد یا گروه، به ویژه به دلیل اعتقادات مذهبی یا سیاسی آنها.
اندلاع
B2شروع ناگهانی یا وقوع چیزی ناخوشایند یا خشونتآمیز، مانند جنگ، آتشسوزی یا بیماری همهگیر.
اِنْدِثَار
B2از بین رفتن تدریجی یا انقراض چیزی قدیمی و تاریخی.
اِسْتِعْمَار
B2استعمار به معنای تسلط یک کشور بر کشور دیگر و بهرهکشی از منابع آن است. واژه isti'mār در متون تاریخی و سیاسی بسیار رایج است.
اِسْتِبْدَاد
B2اعمال قدرت یا کنترل مطلق، به ویژه به روشی ظالمانه و سرکوبگرانه.
اِزْدِهَار
B2حالت شکوفایی یا رونق. اقتصاد کشور در حال شکوفایی است. دوران رونق علم و دانش بود.
قرن
B1یک دوره ۱۰۰ ساله.
حضارة
B1یک جامعه انسانی پیچیده که از نظر فرهنگی، اجتماعی و تکنولوژی به سطح بالایی از پیشرفت رسیده.
معاصر
B1متعلق به همان عصر؛ همدوره یا امروزی. اغلب به معنای 'مدرن' یا 'کنونی' استفاده میشود.
