Despite در مقابل Although: تفاوت چیست؟
Although حتماً فاعل و فعل بیار، ولی بعد از despite فقط از اسم یا فعل ing-دار استفاده کن.
Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
Use 'Despite' before a noun or -ing word, but use 'Although' before a full sentence with a subject and verb.
- Despite + Noun/Pronoun: 'Despite the rain, we went out.'
- Although + Subject + Verb: 'Although it was raining, we went out.'
- Despite + -ing: 'Despite feeling sick, she finished the race.'
مرور کلی
but استفاده کنیم. برای اینکه بتوانیم در محیطهای آکادمیک، کاری و حتی در گفتگوهای روزمره حرفهایتر به نظر برسیم، باید با کلماتی مانند although و despite آشنا شویم.although و despite برای بیان یک مفهوم به کار میروند: «با وجود اینکه» یا «علیرغمِ». آنها نشان میدهند که چیزی اتفاق افتاده است، حتی اگر مانعی بر سر راه بوده باشد. با این حال، تفاوت اصلی آنها در معنا نیست، بلکه در ساختار دستوری آنهاست.although و despite مانند انتخاب بین یک پیچ و یک میخ است؛ هر دو برای اتصال هستند، اما ابزار متفاوتی برای نصب نیاز دارند. although یک «حرف ربط» (Conjunction) است و despite یک «حرف اضافه» (Preposition).although و even though (حروف ربط)although همیشه باید یک Clause (جملهواره) بیاید.- ساختار:
although+ فاعل + فعل
Although it was raining, we went for a walk.
it فاعل و was فعل است. این یک ساختار کامل است.although حتماً باید فاعل را ذکر کنید (it).despite و in spite of (حروف اضافه)-ing) بیاید.- ساختار:
despite/in spite of+ اسم / ضمیر / فعل-ing
despite:Despite the rain, we went for a walk.
the rain فقط یک اسم است و هیچ فعلی بعد از آن نیامده است.despite the fact thatdespite استفاده کنید اما اصرار دارید که بعد از آن یک جمله کامل (فاعل + فعل) بیاورید. در این صورت باید از عبارت the fact that به عنوان یک پل استفاده کنید. این عبارت، جمله شما را به یک «واقعیت اسمی» تبدیل میکند تا با قوانین حروف اضافه سازگار شود.Despite the fact that it was raining, we went for a walk.
although / even though | حرف ربط | فاعل + فعل (Clause) |despite / in spite of | حرف اضافه | اسم یا فعل -ing (Noun Phrase) |although یا despite)Although the exam was difficult, she passed with a good grade.Despite the difficulty of the exam, she passed with a good grade.
although یا despite نقش جداکننده را ایفا میکند.She passed the exam although it was difficult.She passed the exam despite the difficulty.
-ing) بعد از despitedespite در انگلیسی، استفاده از فعل به صورت اسم مصدر است. این کار باعث میشود جملات شما کوتاهتر و حرفهایتر به نظر برسند. در این حالت، فاعل هر دو بخش جمله باید یکی باشد.Despite feeling tired, he finished his report.
feeling نقش اسم را بازی میکند. اگر بخواهیم همین جمله را با although بگوییم، باید بنویسیم:Although he felt tired, he finished his report.
-ing تبدیل شده، اما در جمله دوم فاعل (he) و فعل زماندار (felt) الزامی است.Although we had a limited budget, the project was a huge success.
Despite your valid concerns, I believe we should proceed with the plan.
Although: عمومیترین و پرکاربردترین کلمه است. هم در صحبت کردن و هم در نوشتن عالی است.Even though: کمی قویتر و احساسیتر ازalthoughاست. زمانی استفاده کنید که میخواهید بر تضاد تأکید بیشتری داشته باشید. مثلاً وقتی از چیزی متعجب یا ناراحت هستید.DespiteوIn spite of: این دو کاملاً هممعنی هستند، اما در متون رسمی، گزارشهای کاری و مقالات علمی،despiteبه دلیل کوتاهتر بودن ترجیح داده میشود.
- حالت معمولی:
Although there was heavy traffic, I arrived on time. - حالت تاکیدی:
Even though there was heavy traffic, I still arrived on time! - حالت رسمی/خلاصه:
Despite the heavy traffic, I arrived on time.
of بعد از despitedespite را با in spite of ترکیب میکنند. همچنین در فارسی میگوییم «با وجودِ...» که آن صدای «-ِ» (کسره اضافه) باعث میشود ناخودآگاه به دنبال of بگردیم.- غلط:
Despite of the rain... - درست:
Despite the rain...یاIn spite of the rain...
despite به تنهایی کامل است و نیازی به هیچ حرف اضافه دیگری ندارد.although و butalthough شروع کردید، دیگر نباید از but در وسط جمله استفاده کنید.- غلط:
Although it was cold, but we went out. - درست:
Although it was cold, we went out. - درست:
It was cold, but we went out.
although به تنهایی بارِ هر دو کلمه را به دوش میکشد.despitedespite یک حرف اضافه است. فارسیزبانان گاهی فراموش میکنند که نمیتوان بعد از آن فاعل و فعل آورد.- غلط:
Despite he was tired, he worked. - درست:
Despite being tired, he worked. - درست:
Although he was tired, he worked.
althoughalthough حتماً به فاعل نیاز داریم.- غلط:
Although was expensive, I bought it. - درست:
Although it was expensive, I bought it.
however را با although اشتباه میگیرند.Although | حرف ربط | دو جمله را به هم وصل میکند. (نیاز به کاما در وسط یا انتها) |Despite | حرف اضافه | قبل از اسم یا عبارت اسمی میآید. |However | قید انتقالی | معمولاً در ابتدای یک جمله جدید میآید و بعد از آن کاما میآید. |But | حرف ربط همپایه | دو جمله مستقل را به هم وصل میکند و همیشه در وسط میآید. |- 1
Although it was late, he continued working.(یک جمله با دو بخش) - 2
Despite the late hour, he continued working.(یک جمله با یک عبارت اسمی) - 3
It was late. However, he continued working.(دو جمله جداگانه) - 4
It was late, but he continued working.(اتصال دو جمله همتراز)
but از although در ابتدای جمله استفاده کنید. این کار باعث میشود جمله شما از حالت Simple به حالت Complex تغییر کند که یکی از معیارهای نمرهدهی است.despite شروع کنم؟despite بسیار رایج و حرفهای است. فقط به یاد داشته باشید که بعد از اتمام عبارت اسمی، حتماً کاما بگذارید. مثال: .Despite the noise, I slept welldespite و in spite of در چیست؟despite یک کلمه است و in spite of سه کلمه. در نوشتار رسمی، despite کمی رایجتر است، اما در مکالمه هر دو به یک اندازه استفاده میشوند.even though به جای although استفاده کنیم؟even though بار تأکیدی بیشتری دارد. مثلاً اگر بگویید: Even though I studied for 10 hours, I failed یعنی واقعاً از این نتیجه شوکه شدهاید.despite میتوان از کلمه that استفاده کرد؟despite that... مگر اینکه منظور شما ضمیر that (آن) باشد. اگر میخواهید جمله بیاورید، حتماً باید بگویید despite the fact that.Structure Comparison
| Word | Grammar Category | Followed By... | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Although
|
Conjunction
|
Subject + Verb (Clause)
|
Although it was late...
|
|
Even though
|
Conjunction (Strong)
|
Subject + Verb (Clause)
|
Even though it was late...
|
|
Despite
|
Preposition
|
Noun / Pronoun / -ing
|
Despite the time...
|
|
In spite of
|
Prepositional Phrase
|
Noun / Pronoun / -ing
|
In spite of the time...
|
|
Despite the fact that
|
Complex Preposition
|
Subject + Verb (Clause)
|
Despite the fact that it was late...
|
Meanings
Both words are used to introduce a contrast or a 'concession'—showing that something happened even though there was an obstacle or a reason for it not to happen.
Clausal Concession
Using 'although' to connect two complete ideas where one makes the other surprising.
“Although she studied hard, she failed the exam.”
“I enjoyed the film although it was very long.”
Prepositional Concession
Using 'despite' to introduce a noun or gerund that contrasts with the main clause.
“Despite the noise, I slept well.”
“He arrived on time despite the heavy traffic.”
The 'Fact That' Bridge
Using 'despite the fact that' to allow a full clause to follow 'despite'.
“Despite the fact that it was raining, we played football.”
“He passed despite the fact that he hadn't studied.”
Reference Table
| نوع کلمه | کلمه | ساختار بعد از آن | مثال |
|---|---|---|---|
|
حرف ربط
|
`Although`
|
فاعل + فعل
|
`Although` it was raining, we went out.
|
|
حرف ربط
|
`Even though`
|
فاعل + فعل
|
`Even though` it was raining, we went out.
|
|
حرف اضافه
|
`Despite`
|
اسم یا فعل ing-دار
|
`Despite` the rain, we went out.
|
|
حرف اضافه
|
`In spite of`
|
اسم یا فعل ing-دار
|
`In spite of` the rain, we went out.
|
|
عبارت واسطه
|
`Despite the fact that`
|
فاعل + فعل
|
`Despite the fact that` it rained, we went out.
|
طیف رسمیت
The match proceeded notwithstanding the inclement weather. (Sports event)
The match continued despite the heavy rain. (Sports event)
We kept playing even though it was pouring. (Sports event)
We stayed out tho it was raining cats and dogs. (Sports event)
خانواده 'تضاد'
جمله واره (فاعل + فعل)
- Although Although it rained...
- Even though Even though it rained...
اسم یا فعل ing-دار
- Despite Despite the rain...
- In spite of In spite of the rain...
مقایسه Although و Despite
کدوم کلمه رو انتخاب کنم؟
آیا عبارت بعد از جای خالی، فاعل و فعل اصلی داره؟
بلوکهای ساختنی جمله
جملهوارهها (برای Although)
- • the food was cold
- • he is my brother
- • the internet is slow
اسمها/مصدرها (برای Despite)
- • the cold food
- • being my brother
- • the slow internet
مثالها بر اساس سطح
Although it is raining, I am happy.
Although it is raining, I am happy.
Despite the rain, I am happy.
Despite the rain, I am happy.
I like the car although it is old.
I like the car although it is old.
Despite the heat, he is wearing a coat.
Despite the heat, he is wearing a coat.
Although he was hungry, he didn't eat.
Although he was hungry, he didn't eat.
Despite his hunger, he didn't eat.
Despite his hunger, he didn't eat.
In spite of the noise, I slept well.
In spite of the noise, I slept well.
She went to work although she felt sick.
She went to work although she felt sick.
Despite being a millionaire, he drives an old car.
Despite being a millionaire, he drives an old car.
Although the team played well, they lost the match.
Although the team played well, they lost the match.
He passed the exam despite the fact that he was ill.
He passed the exam despite the fact that he was ill.
I enjoyed the holiday despite the bad weather.
I enjoyed the holiday despite the bad weather.
Even though I've seen the movie before, I'd like to see it again.
Even though I've seen the movie before, I'd like to see it again.
Despite having lived there for years, he doesn't speak the language.
Despite having lived there for years, he doesn't speak the language.
The project was a success, although it took longer than expected.
The project was a success, although it took longer than expected.
In spite of all our efforts, we couldn't save the company.
In spite of all our efforts, we couldn't save the company.
Notwithstanding the recent improvements, the system remains flawed.
Notwithstanding the recent improvements, the system remains flawed.
He decided to buy the house, despite its numerous structural issues.
He decided to buy the house, despite its numerous structural issues.
The results were impressive, albeit somewhat inconsistent.
The results were impressive, albeit somewhat inconsistent.
Much as I admire his work, I find his latest novel disappointing.
Much as I admire his work, I find his latest novel disappointing.
For all his bravado, he was actually quite terrified.
For all his bravado, he was actually quite terrified.
The treaty was signed, the objections of the minority notwithstanding.
The treaty was signed, the objections of the minority notwithstanding.
Granted that the technology is new, it still shouldn't fail this often.
Granted that the technology is new, it still shouldn't fail this often.
Even if we were to increase the budget, the timeline remains unrealistic.
Even if we were to increase the budget, the timeline remains unrealistic.
بهراحتی اشتباه گرفته میشود
Learners think they have different meanings or that 'despite' needs 'of'.
Learners use them interchangeably in the same sentence position.
Learners aren't sure which one is 'stronger'.
اشتباهات رایج
I go out although rain.
I go out although it is raining.
Despite of the cold, I am happy.
Despite the cold, I am happy.
Although it was hot, but I wore a coat.
Although it was hot, I wore a coat.
Despite I was tired, I worked.
Despite being tired, I worked.
In spite the rain, we played.
In spite of the rain, we played.
Although my sickness, I came.
Despite my sickness, I came.
He is rich although he is unhappy.
He is rich, although he is unhappy.
Despite he arrived late, he saw the show.
Despite arriving late, he saw the show.
Although the fact that it was late, we stayed.
Despite the fact that it was late, we stayed.
I like him despite he is rude.
I like him although he is rude.
Albeit he was tired, he finished.
Albeit tired, he finished.
الگوهای جملهسازی
Despite ___, I still ___.
Although it was ___, we ___.
I decided to ___ despite the fact that ___.
Despite not ___, she ___.
Real World Usage
Despite my lack of direct experience in this field, I have many transferable skills.
I'm coming although I'll be a bit late!
Best day ever despite the rain! ☔
Although the results were statistically significant, the sample size was small.
The hotel was great although the room was a bit noisy.
I am writing to complain because the product broke despite only being used once.
دنبال فعل بگرد
Although it was late, he called me.
دور 'Despite of' رو خط بکش
In spite of the cold, she wore a skirt.
از تقلب 'the fact that' استفاده کن
Despite the fact that he lied, I trust him.
کجا کدوم رو بگیم؟
Smart Tips
Stop! Count the words. 'Despite' is 1 word. 'In spite of' is 3 words. There is no 2-word version.
Add the 'magic bridge': 'the fact that'. It fixes the grammar instantly.
Delete the 'But'. 'Although' already does the work of showing contrast.
Try putting 'though' at the end of your second sentence.
تلفظ
Stress on 'Although'
The stress is on the second syllable: al-THOUGH.
Stress on 'Despite'
The stress is on the second syllable: de-SPITE.
Concessive Rise
Although it was raining (rise), we went out (fall).
The rising intonation on the first clause signals that the thought is not yet finished.
حفظ کنید
روش یادسپاری
A-L-T-H-O-U-G-H has a 'V' hidden in its soul (Verb), while D-E-S-P-I-T-E is just a 'N' (Noun).
تداعی تصویری
Imagine 'Although' as a bridge connecting two islands (clauses). Imagine 'Despite' as a backpack (preposition) carrying a heavy rock (noun).
Rhyme
Although needs a verb to play, Despite takes a noun and walks away.
Story
A man named Al (Although) always brings a friend (Subject) and a dog (Verb) to the party. A woman named Des (Despite) only brings her purse (Noun).
شبکه واژگان
چالش
Look around you. Find something you don't like about your room. Say: 'I like this room although [reason].' Then say: 'I like this room despite [reason].'
نکات فرهنگی
In informal British English, 'though' is very frequently used at the end of a sentence to mean 'however'.
Using 'despite' or 'notwithstanding' is preferred over 'but' in academic essays to create a more formal, objective tone.
Americans often use 'even though' more frequently than 'although' in casual conversation for added emphasis.
'Despite' comes from the Old French 'despit', meaning 'contempt'. 'Although' is a combination of 'all' (used for emphasis) and 'though'.
شروعکنندههای مکالمه
What is something you did recently despite being very tired?
Although you are busy, what is one hobby you never skip?
Have you ever bought something although it was too expensive?
What's a place you love visiting despite the fact that it's crowded?
موضوعات نگارش
اشتباهات رایج
Test Yourself
___ it was cold, she didn't wear a jacket.
He passed the test ___ not studying very much.
Find and fix the mistake:
Despite he is very rich, he is not happy.
Choose the correct sentence:
Score: /4
تمرینهای عملی
8 exercises___ the heavy traffic, we arrived on time.
Which sentence is correct?
Find and fix the mistake:
Despite he was sick, he went to school.
Although it was cold, she didn't wear a coat.
Match the following:
You can use 'despite' and 'although' interchangeably without changing the words that follow them.
A: Did you enjoy the hike? B: Yes, ___ it was quite exhausting.
Select the correct word to follow 'Despite'.
Score: /8
Practice Bank
13 exercisesI enjoyed the movie, ___ it was very long.
___ the bad weather, the game will be played.
We are good friends, ___ we don't see each other very often.
In spite of she was tired, she finished the race.
He bought the car, despite of the high price.
Choose the correct sentence:
Choose the correct sentence:
Translate into English: 'ترافیک بد بود، ولی من به موقع رسیدم.' (با استفاده از despite)
Translate into English: 'پول زیادی ندارم، ولی میخوام سفر کنم.' (با استفاده از although)
Arrange these words into a sentence:
Arrange these words into a sentence:
Match the sentence halves:
Match the contrast word with its required structure:
Score: /13
سوالات متداول (8)
No, 'despite' is a preposition and needs an object. However, you can use 'though' at the end of a sentence in informal English.
Slightly. 'Despite' is very common in writing and formal speech, while 'although' and 'even though' are more common in everyday conversation.
There is no difference in meaning or grammar. 'Despite' is one word, and 'in spite of' is three words. They are interchangeable.
Yes! This is very common. For example: 'Despite being ill, he went to work.'
Because 'despite' is already a preposition. Adding 'of' is redundant and grammatically incorrect in English.
Yes, you can. Just remember to put a comma after the first clause. 'Although it was late, I called him.'
Yes, but it is stronger. Use 'even though' when you want to emphasize that the contrast is very surprising.
It is a longer way of saying 'although'. It allows you to use 'despite' followed by a full sentence (a clause).
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
A pesar de / Aunque
Spanish 'aunque' can take the subjunctive mood, which English doesn't use here.
Malgré / Bien que
French 'bien que' always requires the subjunctive mood.
Trotz / Obwohl
German 'obwohl' sends the verb to the end of the clause.
~のに (~noni)
Japanese connectors are often suffixes or particles rather than starting words.
بالرغم من (bi-r-raghmi min) / مع أن (ma'a anna)
Arabic structures often require a specific pronoun suffix after 'anna'.
虽然 (suīrán) / 尽管 (jǐnguǎn)
English forbids using 'although' and 'but' together, while Chinese requires it.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
ویدیوهای مرتبط
09:46 Best of American Psycho Part 1
00:39 San Junipero - Kelly's Monologue
05:13 Courtney Hadwin: 13-Year-Old Golden Buzzer Winning Performance - America's Got Talent 2019
تفاوت although و despite در زبان انگلیسی
English with Farzad
آموزش گرامر Although, Even though, Despite, In spite of
Grammar Node
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