के ख़िलाफ़ در ۳۰ ثانیه
- Means 'against' or 'in opposition to'.
- Requires the preceding noun to be in the oblique case.
- Used in sports, law, politics, and daily disagreements.
- Always paired with 'ke' and fused with pronouns (e.g., mere khilaf).
The Hindi postposition के ख़िलाफ़ (ke khilāf) is a vital linguistic tool used to express opposition, resistance, or a position contrary to someone or something. In its most literal sense, it translates to "against" or "in opposition to." Unlike English prepositions that precede the noun, Hindi postpositions follow the noun they modify, and specifically, 'ke khilāf' requires the preceding noun or pronoun to be in the oblique case. This word is not just a spatial indicator; it is deeply embedded in the social, political, and legal discourse of the Hindi-speaking world. Whether you are describing a sports match between two rival teams, a legal battle in the Supreme Court, or a personal stand against an unfair rule, this phrase is your primary vehicle for expression.
- Spatial Opposition
- While 'ke khilāf' is primarily used for abstract opposition, it can occasionally imply a physical stance against an object, though 'se sātkar' or 'ke sahāre' are more common for physical leaning. However, in modern Hindi, if you are 'against' a wall in a defensive posture, 'ke khilāf' highlights the adversarial nature of the position.
- Legal and Formal Context
- In the Indian judicial system, 'ke khilāf' is the standard term used in FIRs (First Information Reports) and court proceedings. For example, 'Police ne uske khilāf māmla darj kiyā' (The police registered a case against him). It carries a weight of formality and official accusation.
- Competitive Sports
- In cricket, football, or any competitive event, this phrase defines the matchup. 'Bharat ne Pakistan ke khilāf match jītā' (India won the match against Pakistan). Here, it denotes the rival or the opponent.
Vah hamesha anyāy के ख़िलाफ़ āvāj uthātā hai.
The word 'khilāf' itself comes from Arabic, meaning 'opposite' or 'contrary.' In the context of the Indian independence movement, this word was popularized through the 'Khilafat Movement,' though that specific historical term referred to the Caliphate. In modern daily usage, it has become the most common way to express disagreement. If you disagree with a suggestion, you might say, 'Main is sujhav ke khilāf hoon' (I am against this suggestion). It is more forceful than 'nahin' (no) and more specific than 'viprit' (opposite).
Sarkar ne nae niyam के ख़िलाफ़ pradarshan kiyā.
Understanding 'ke khilāf' also requires understanding the concept of 'Virodh' (opposition). While 'virodh' is a noun, 'ke khilāf' is the functional prepositional phrase that links the subject to the object of opposition. It is frequently used in news headlines regarding protests, strikes, and political debates. For a learner, mastering this phrase opens up the ability to express strong opinions and participate in discussions about rights, rules, and competitions. It is a bridge between simple sentences and complex social commentary.
Using के ख़िलाफ़ (ke khilāf) correctly involves understanding the Hindi case system, specifically the oblique case. When a postposition like 'ke khilāf' is attached to a noun, that noun must change its form if it is a masculine noun ending in '-ā'. For example, 'Larkā' (Boy) becomes 'Larke ke khilāf' (Against the boy). Feminine nouns and plural nouns also undergo their respective oblique transformations. This section will guide you through the various syntactic environments where this phrase thrives.
- With Personal Pronouns
- When using 'ke khilāf' with pronouns, the 'ke' merges with the pronoun to form possessive adjectives. 'Mere khilāf' (Against me), 'Hamāre khilāf' (Against us), 'Uske khilāf' (Against him/her), and 'Unke khilāf' (Against them). Beginners often mistakenly say 'Main ke khilāf,' which is grammatically incorrect.
- In Compound Verb Structures
- It is often paired with verbs like 'bolnā' (to speak), 'laṛnā' (to fight), or 'shaṛyantra karnā' (to conspire). For instance: 'Vah apne parivār ke khilāf nahīn bol saktā' (He cannot speak against his family).
Hamne bhrashtāchār के ख़िलाफ़ ek lambī laṛāī laṛī hai.
Another important usage is in the context of 'Evidence' or 'Proof'. In legal Hindi, you will hear 'Uske khilāf koī sabūt nahīn hai' (There is no evidence against him). Here, 'ke khilāf' acts as a relational marker between the evidence and the accused. It can also be used to describe actions that go against nature or rules, such as 'prakriti ke khilāf' (against nature) or 'niyamon ke khilāf' (against the rules).
Yeh qānūn insāniyat के ख़िलाफ़ hai.
Finally, consider the emotional weight. Using 'ke khilāf' can sound very confrontational. If someone says 'Tum mere khilāf ho?' (Are you against me?), they are asking for your loyalty or lack thereof. In a softer context, to say something is 'merī ichchhā ke khilāf' (against my wish) indicates a lack of consent or preference. Mastery of this phrase allows you to navigate social boundaries and express your stance with clarity and grammatical precision.
The phrase के ख़िलाफ़ (ke khilāf) is ubiquitous in Hindi media, literature, and daily conversation. It is perhaps one of the most frequently used postpositions in news broadcasting. If you turn on a Hindi news channel like Aaj Tak or NDTV India, you will likely hear it within the first five minutes, usually in the context of political rivalry or social protests. It is the language of the 'opposition' (vipaksh) and the 'rebel' (bāghī).
- News and Journalism
- Headlines often read: 'Janatā ne mehngāī ke khilāf morchā kholā' (The public opened a front against inflation). It provides a narrative of conflict and struggle which is central to journalistic storytelling in India.
- Bollywood Movies
- In the high-stakes drama of Bollywood, 'ke khilāf' appears in climactic dialogues. A hero might shout, 'Main is anyāy ke khilāf laṛūngā!' (I will fight against this injustice!). It adds a layer of heroic defiance to the character's persona.
Pūrī duniyā mere के ख़िलाफ़ ho gaī hai.
In rural India and small towns, you will hear this in local disputes (panchayats). A farmer might complain 'Usne mere khilāf jhooth bolā' (He told lies against me). This highlights the word's role in personal grievances and community mediation. It is also common in educational settings where students might debate 'Social Media ke khilāf tark' (Arguments against social media).
Kaptan ne apne khilāf ho rahe bhedbhāv के ख़िलाफ़ shikāyat darj kī.
Finally, the word is indispensable in sports commentary. During the IPL (Indian Premier League), commentators constantly analyze how one player performs 'ke khilāf' (against) a specific bowler. 'Kohli ka record is gendbāz ke khilāf bahut achchhā hai' (Kohli's record against this bowler is very good). This usage is neutral and purely statistical, showing the versatility of the phrase across different registers of Hindi.
Mastering के ख़िलाफ़ (ke khilāf) requires avoiding several pitfalls that English speakers and early learners often fall into. Because Hindi grammar differs significantly from English in its treatment of prepositions, the most common errors involve case marking and word order. Let's break down these mistakes to ensure your Hindi sounds natural and correct.
- Dropping the 'Ke'
- A frequent mistake is saying 'Sarkar khilāf' instead of 'Sarkar ke khilāf'. In Hindi, 'khilāf' cannot stand alone as a postposition without its linker 'ke'. Dropping 'ke' makes the sentence sound broken and uneducated.
- Incorrect Pronoun Usage
- Learners often translate 'against me' as 'Mujh ke khilāf'. This is wrong. You must use the possessive form: 'Mere khilāf'. Similarly, it's 'Uske khilāf' (not 'Us ke khilāf' as two separate thoughts, but as a fused possessive) and 'Tumhāre khilāf'.
❌ Galat: Main tum ke khilāf hoon.
✅ Sahi: Main tumhāre ख़िलाफ़ hoon.
Another error is the 'Oblique Case Oversight'. If you are against a 'Kamrā' (room - metaphorically), you must say 'Kamre ke khilāf'. If you are against a 'Rājā' (king), you must say 'Rāje ke khilāf' (though 'Rājā' is often an exception in some dialects, the rule generally applies). Failing to change the noun ending is a hallmark of a beginner's mistake.
❌ Galat: Yeh niyam bacha ke khilāf hai.
✅ Sahi: Yeh niyam bachche के ख़िलाफ़ hai.
Lastly, be careful with the word 'Virodh'. 'Virodh' is the noun (opposition), while 'ke khilāf' is the prepositional phrase. You cannot say 'Main niyam ke virodh hoon' as naturally as 'Main niyam ke khilāf hoon' or 'Main niyam ka virodh kar rahā hoon'. Mixing up the noun form with the postpositional phrase leads to clunky sentences.
While के ख़िलाफ़ (ke khilāf) is the most versatile term for "against," Hindi offers several synonyms and alternatives that carry different shades of meaning, formality, and linguistic origin. Knowing when to use 'ke viruddh' versus 'ke khilāf' can elevate your Hindi from functional to fluent.
- के विरुद्ध (ke viruddh)
- This is the Sanskrit-derived (Tatsam) equivalent of 'ke khilāf'. It is highly formal and is used extensively in legal documents, academic writing, and formal speeches. While 'ke khilāf' is common in daily speech, 'ke viruddh' is what you will see in the Constitution of India. Comparison: 'Mere khilāf' (Common) vs 'Mere viruddh' (Formal/Legal).
- के विपरीत (ke viprīt)
- This means 'contrary to' or 'opposite of'. It is used more for ideas, directions, or expectations rather than personal or physical opposition. For example, 'Meri ummīd ke viprīt' (Contrary to my expectations). It is less adversarial than 'ke khilāf'.
- के सामने (ke sāmne)
- While this literally means 'in front of', in the context of sports or competition, it can mean 'facing' or 'against'. 'Bharat ke sāmne baṛī chunautī hai' (India faces a big challenge / There is a big challenge against India).
Satyagraha hamesha buraī के विरुद्ध ek ahinsak hathyār hai.
For physical opposition, like leaning against a wall, you might use 'se sātkar' (touching/pressing against). If you are talking about 'anti-' prefixes in English (like anti-social), Hindi often uses 'vi-' or 'gair-'. For example, 'Gair-qānūnī' (Illegal/Against the law). Understanding these nuances helps you choose the right level of intensity and formality for your statement.
Vah mere विपरीत dishā mein gayā.
In summary, 'ke khilāf' is your 'all-purpose' against. 'Ke viruddh' is for the courtroom and the textbook. 'Ke viprīt' is for logic and direction. By mastering all three, you gain a sophisticated control over how you express conflict and contrast in Hindi.
چقدر رسمی است؟
نکته جالب
The term 'Khilafat' in Indian history refers to the movement to protect the Ottoman Caliphate, but in daily Hindi, 'khilāf' has lost its religious connotation and is purely about opposition.
راهنمای تلفظ
- Pronouncing 'kh' as a hard 'k' (Kilaf). It should be a raspy sound from the throat.
- Pronouncing 'f' as 'p' (Khilap). This is common in some rural Hindi dialects but incorrect in standard Hindi.
- Shortening the 'ā' in 'khilāf' to a short 'a'.
سطح دشواری
Easy to recognize in text, but requires understanding of the oblique case.
Requires correct pronoun forms (mere/tumhare) which is a common stumbling block.
Flows naturally once the 'ke' connection is mastered.
Very common in news and media; easy to pick out.
بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟
پیشنیازها
بعداً یاد بگیرید
پیشرفته
گرامر لازم
Oblique Case Requirement
Larkā -> Larke ke khilāf (Boy -> Against the boy).
Pronoun Fusion
Main + ke khilāf = Mere khilāf.
Plural Oblique
Niyam -> Niyamon ke khilāf.
Postpositional Word Order
Subject + Object + ke khilāf + Verb.
Reflexive Pronoun Usage
Apne khilāf (Against oneself).
مثالها بر اساس سطح
Bharat Pakistan ke khilāf khel rahā hai.
India is playing against Pakistan.
Simple usage with proper nouns.
Main tumhāre khilāf nahīn hoon.
I am not against you.
Usage with a second-person pronoun.
Yeh team us team ke khilāf hai.
This team is against that team.
Using demonstrative adjectives.
Rām Shyām ke khilāf hai.
Ram is against Shyam.
Simple subject-object opposition.
Kya tum mere khilāf ho?
Are you against me?
Interrogative sentence with first-person pronoun.
Vah is faisle ke khilāf hai.
He is against this decision.
Using 'faisla' (decision) in the oblique case (though it doesn't change).
Blue team Red team ke khilāf jītī.
The Blue team won against the Red team.
Past tense usage.
Kuttā billi ke khilāf dauṛā.
The dog ran against (towards in opposition) the cat.
Action verb with opposition.
Ham is gande khel ke khilāf hain.
We are against this dirty game.
Using an adjective with the noun.
Usne mere khilāf shikāyat kī.
He complained against me.
Common collocation: shikāyat karnā.
Bache naye niyam ke khilāf the.
The children were against the new rule.
Plural subject and past tense.
Rohan apne bhāī ke khilāf nahīn bolega.
Rohan will not speak against his brother.
Future tense with 'apne' reflexive pronoun.
Kyā tum is badlāv ke khilāf ho?
Are you against this change?
Interrogative with abstract noun.
Vah hamāre khilāf shaṛyantra kar rahā hai.
He is conspiring against us.
Continuous tense with 'hamāre'.
Police ne chor ke khilāf sabūt pāye.
The police found evidence against the thief.
Legal context at a basic level.
Yeh dawā bīmārī ke khilāf laṛtī hai.
This medicine fights against the disease.
Metaphorical opposition.
Logon ne mehngāī ke khilāf āvāj uthāī.
People raised their voice against inflation.
Idiomatic expression: āvāj uthānā.
Vah apne usūlon ke khilāf nahīn jā saktā.
He cannot go against his principles.
Using 'usūl' (principles) in plural oblique.
Court ne uske khilāf faislā sunāyā.
The court announced the verdict against him.
Formal legal usage.
Hamen bhrashtāchār ke khilāf ekjut honā hogā.
We must unite against corruption.
Using modal 'hogā' for necessity.
Usne mere khilāf jhoothī gavāhī dī.
He gave false testimony against me.
Legal vocabulary: gavāhī (testimony).
Yeh niyam garībon ke khilāf hai.
This rule is against the poor.
Plural oblique of 'garīb'.
Vah hamesha merī ichchhā ke khilāf kām kartā hai.
He always works against my wish.
Possessive phrase 'merī ichchhā'.
Kaptan ne khilāṛī ke khilāf kadam uthāyā.
The captain took a step against the player.
Idiomatic: kadam uthānā (to take a step/action).
Vipaksī dal ne sarkār ke khilāf avishvās prastāv pesh kiyā.
The opposition party presented a no-confidence motion against the government.
High-level political vocabulary.
Hamen bhedbhāv ke khilāf kaṛe qānūn banāne chāhiye.
We should make strict laws against discrimination.
Use of 'chāhiye' for recommendation.
Usne apne mālīk ke khilāf bagāvat kar dī.
He revolted against his master.
Compound verb 'kar dī' for emphasis.
Yeh faislā samvidhān ke khilāf hai.
This decision is against the constitution.
Formal institutional context.
Vah apne hī hito ke khilāf kām kar rahā hai.
He is working against his own interests.
Plural oblique 'hito' (interests).
Police ne uske khilāf gair-zamānatī warrant jaārī kiyā.
The police issued a non-bailable warrant against him.
Technical legal terminology.
Janatā ne bhrasht mantrī ke khilāf morchā khol diyā.
The public opened a front against the corrupt minister.
Idiomatic: morchā kholnā.
Yeh qadam paryāvaran ke khilāf hai.
This step is against the environment.
Environmental context.
Usne parmparāon ke khilāf jākar antarjātīya vivāh kiyā.
Going against traditions, he had an inter-caste marriage.
Participle 'jākar' (having gone/going).
Lekhak ne samājik kurītiyon ke khilāf tikhā vyangya kiyā hai.
The author has made a sharp satire against social evils.
Literary analysis context.
Vah dhārā ke khilāf tairne kā sāhas rakhtā hai.
He has the courage to swim against the tide.
Metaphorical/Idiomatic usage.
Uske khilāf lage ārop buniyād-hīn sābit huye.
The allegations leveled against him proved to be baseless.
Complex passive-style construction.
Sarkar ko is sauda-bāzī ke khilāf sakht honā paṛegā.
The government will have to be tough against this wheeling and dealing.
Future necessity with 'paṛegā'.
Vah apne antarmann ke khilāf koī kām nahīn kartā.
He does nothing against his inner conscience.
Psychological/Philosophical context.
Samāj ne uske khilāf ek adrishya dīvār khaṛī kar dī.
Society built an invisible wall against him.
Advanced metaphorical imagery.
Yeh tark vigyān ke buniyādī siddhānton ke khilāf hai.
This argument is against the fundamental principles of science.
Academic/Scientific discourse.
Astitvavādī darshan mānavīya swatantratā ke khilāf har bandhan ko nakārtā hai.
Existentialist philosophy rejects every bond that is against human freedom.
Complex philosophical sentence structure.
Usne vyavasthā ke khilāf vidroh kī jo mashaal jalāī, vah ab tak bujhī nahīn.
The torch of rebellion he lit against the system has not been extinguished yet.
High literary style with relative clauses.
Nyāyapālikā ko kāryapālikā ke manmāne-pan ke khilāf ek dhal ban-kar khaṛā honā chāhiye.
The judiciary should stand as a shield against the arbitrariness of the executive.
Constitutional law and political theory terminology.
Vah apne hī vyaktitva ke khilāf ek mānshik dvandva mein uljhā huā hai.
He is entangled in a mental conflict against his own personality.
Introspective psychological depth.
Itihās gawah hai ki satya ke khilāf khaṛī har sattā antatah gir jātī hai.
History is witness that every power standing against truth eventually falls.
Grand historical narrative style.
Uske tarkon mein ek aisā virodhābhās thā jo uske apne hī dāvon ke khilāf jātā thā.
There was such a contradiction in his arguments that it went against his own claims.
Logical analysis and formal critique.
Prakriti ke khilāf kiyā gayā har hastakshep vināshkārī siddh hotā hai.
Every intervention made against nature proves to be destructive.
Passive participle 'kiyā gayā'.
Sāhitya ko sattā ke khilāf ek prati-sattā ke rūp mein dekhā jānā chāhiye.
Literature should be seen as a counter-power against the establishment.
Sophisticated literary theory.
ترکیبهای رایج
عبارات رایج
— Against the rules. Used when something is prohibited.
Yeh kām niyamon ke khilāf hai.
— Against the law. Used for illegal acts.
Chorī karnā qānūn ke khilāf hai.
— Against one's will. Used for lack of consent.
Vah merī marzī ke khilāf gayā.
— Against expectations. Used for surprising results.
Natijā merī ummīd ke khilāf thā.
— Against one's nature. Used for uncharacteristic behavior.
Jhooth bolnā uske svabhāv ke khilāf hai.
— Against time. Used for urgent tasks.
Hamen samay ke khilāf dauṛnā hogā.
— Against humanity. Used for moral atrocities.
Yeh aprādh insāniyat ke khilāf hai.
— Against principles. Used for ethical stances.
Rishvat lenā mere siddhānton ke khilāf hai.
— Against the evidence. Used when a claim contradicts facts.
Uska bayān sabūton ke khilāf hai.
اغلب اشتباه گرفته میشود با
Means 'in front of'. While used in sports for 'facing', it lacks the adversarial weight of 'ke khilāf'.
Means 'contrary to'. Used for logic or direction, not usually for a fight or a person.
Means 'with'. Sometimes confused by beginners who mean 'against' but use 'with' (e.g., fighting with/against).
اصطلاحات و عبارات
— To swim against the current. To do something unconventional or difficult.
Naye vichār pesh karnā dhārā ke khilāf tairne jaisā hai.
Literary/Common— To walk against the wind. To act against the prevailing trend.
Vah hamesha havā ke khilāf chaltā hai.
Common— To go against one's conscience.
Main apne zamīr ke khilāf nahīn jā saktā.
Formal/Ethical— A race against time.
Project khatam karnā vaqt ke khilāf ek dauṛ hai.
Common— Fighting fire with fire. Using the same methods as an opponent.
Hamen āg ke khilāf āg kā istemāl karnā hogā.
Metaphorical— To fight against fate or destiny.
Vah apnī qismat ke khilāf laṛ rahā hai.
Literary— Back against the wall. To be in a desperate situation.
Ab merī pīth dīvār ke khilāf hai, mere pās koī rāstā nahīn.
Common— To break or bypass a rule.
Usne niyam ke khilāf jākar merī madad kī.
Common— Against common sense or logic.
Yeh kām karnā aql ke khilāf hai.
Informal— Against dignity or decorum.
Aisā vyavahār maryādā ke khilāf hai.
Formalبهراحتی اشتباه گرفته میشود
Sounds like the noun form of 'khilāf'.
'Khilāf' is a postposition (against), while 'khilāfat' is a noun (opposition/rebellion) or refers to the Caliphate.
Usne anyāy kī khilāfat kī.
Exact synonym.
'Viruddh' is Sanskrit-based and formal. 'Khilāf' is Arabic-based and more common in speech.
Qānūn ke viruddh.
Means 'opposite'.
'Viprīt' is for directions or logical opposites, 'khilāf' is for active opposition.
Viprīt dishā (opposite direction).
Used in similar contexts (competition).
'Muqāblā' is a noun (competition/contest), 'ke khilāf' is the preposition (against).
Team A kā muqāblā Team B ke khilāf hai.
Means 'contrary'.
'Ulat' often implies a reversal of order or expectation.
Ummīd ke ulat.
الگوهای جملهسازی
[Name] के ख़िलाफ़ [Name]
India के ख़िलाफ़ England.
[Pronoun-Possessive] ख़िलाफ़
मेरे ख़िलाफ़।
[Noun-Oblique] के ख़िलाफ़ आवाज़ उठाना
अन्याय के ख़िलाफ़ आवाज़ उठाना।
[Noun-Oblique] के ख़िलाफ़ मामला दर्ज करना
चोर के ख़िलाफ़ मामला दर्ज करना।
[Abstract Noun] के ख़िलाफ़ जंग छेड़ना
भ्रष्टाचार के ख़िलाफ़ जंग छेड़ना।
[Philosophy] के ख़िलाफ़ तर्क देना
अस्तित्ववाद के ख़िलाफ़ तर्क देना।
नियमों के ख़िलाफ़ जाना
वह नियमों के ख़िलाफ़ गया।
मेरे ख़िलाफ़ बोलना
मेरे ख़िलाफ़ मत बोलो।
خانواده کلمه
اسمها
فعلها
صفتها
مرتبط
نحوه استفاده
Extremely high in news, sports, and legal contexts.
-
Using 'Main ke khilāf' for 'against me'.
→
Mere khilāf.
Pronouns must be in the possessive form when used with 'ke khilāf'.
-
Saying 'Sarkar khilāf' (dropping the 'ke').
→
Sarkar ke khilāf.
'Khilāf' is a postposition that requires the 'ke' linker.
-
Using 'khilāf' for physical leaning.
→
Ke sahāre / Se sātkar.
'Ke khilāf' is for adversarial opposition, not physical support.
-
Not using the oblique case for nouns.
→
Larke ke khilāf (not Larkā ke khilāf).
Masculine nouns ending in -ā must change to -e before postpositions.
-
Confusing 'khilāf' with 'khilāfat'.
→
Ke khilāf (against) vs Khilāfat (opposition/rebellion).
One is a relational word, the other is a noun.
نکات
Always use 'ke'
Never use 'khilāf' alone. It must be 'Noun + ke khilāf' or 'Possessive Pronoun + khilāf'.
Learn synonyms
Use 'ke viruddh' for formal writing to sound more sophisticated.
Master the 'Kh'
Practice the voiceless velar fricative sound for 'Khilāf' to sound like a native speaker.
Softening opposition
If you want to be less aggressive, use 'Main sehmat nahīn hoon' instead of 'Main iske khilāf hoon'.
Spot it in news
Read Hindi news headlines; you will find 'ke khilāf' in almost every political story.
Oblique Case
Remember to change 'Larkā' to 'Larke' before 'ke khilāf'.
Historical Context
Knowing about the Khilafat Movement helps you remember the word's weight in Indian history.
Voice raising
The phrase 'āvāj uthānā' (to raise voice) is almost always paired with 'ke khilāf'.
Currents
Use 'dhārā ke khilāf tairnā' to describe someone who is brave and unconventional.
Sports commentary
Listen to a cricket match in Hindi to hear 'ke khilāf' used in a neutral, competitive way.
حفظ کنید
روش یادسپاری
Think of 'Khilaf' as 'Kill-Off'. If you are 'against' someone, you want to 'kill off' their ideas or their chances in a game.
تداعی تصویری
Imagine two boxers in a ring. One is on the left, one is on the right. The space between them is 'ke khilāf'—the opposition that defines the fight.
شبکه واژگان
چالش
Write three sentences: one about a sport, one about a rule you dislike, and one about a person you disagree with, all using 'ke khilāf'.
ریشه کلمه
Borrowed from Arabic 'خِلَاف' (khilāf), which stems from the root 'kh-l-f' meaning to follow, be behind, or differ. It entered Hindi through Persian influence during the medieval period.
معنای اصلی: The original Arabic sense implies 'contradiction', 'difference', or 'opposition'.
Afro-Asiatic (Arabic) -> Indo-European (Hindi/Urdu)بافت فرهنگی
Use 'ke khilāf' carefully in personal relationships as it can sound very aggressive or confrontational compared to 'Main sehmat nahīn hoon' (I don't agree).
While English uses 'against' for both physical leaning and abstract opposition, Hindi uses 'ke khilāf' almost exclusively for abstract or adversarial opposition.
تمرین در زندگی واقعی
موقعیتهای واقعی
Legal Matters
- Uske khilāf FIR
- Sabūt mere khilāf hain
- Gavāh uske khilāf bolā
- Qānūn ke khilāf kām
Competitive Sports
- Australia ke khilāf match
- Us khilāṛī ke khilāf ran-nīti
- Mere khilāf khel
- Team ke khilāf score
Personal Opinions
- Main iske khilāf hoon
- Mere khilāf mat bolo
- Vah mere khilāf ho gayā
- Sab mere khilāf hain
Social Issues
- Garībī ke khilāf laṛāī
- Anyāy ke khilāf āvāj
- Pradūshan ke khilāf abhiyān
- Bhedbhāv ke khilāf qānūn
Workplace
- Boss ke khilāf shikāyat
- Policy ke khilāf kām
- Mere khilāf politics
- Naye system ke khilāf
شروعکنندههای مکالمه
"Kyā aap is naye niyam ke khilāf hain?"
"Aapne bhrashtāchār ke khilāf kyā kiyā?"
"Kyā aapko lagtā hai ki duniyā aapke khilāf hai?"
"Agla match kis team ke khilāf hai?"
"Kyā aapne kabhi kisi anyāy ke khilāf āvāj uthāī hai?"
موضوعات نگارش
Ek aise samay ke bāre mein likhen jab aap kisi niyam ke khilāf the.
Bhrashtāchār ke khilāf laṛne ke liye hamen kyā karnā chāhiye?
Kyā aapne kabhi apne doston ke khilāf koī stand liyā hai?
Samājik kurītiyon ke khilāf likhnā kyon zarūrī hai?
Apne usūlon ke khilāf kām karne par kaisā mahsūs hotā hai?
سوالات متداول
10 سوالYes, you can say 'Main iske khilāf hoon' (I am against this) or just 'Main khilāf hoon' if the context is clear. However, it usually needs a target.
'Ke khilāf' is more common in daily speech and media. 'Ke viruddh' is formal, Sanskritized, and typically found in legal or academic texts.
You must use the possessive form: 'Mere khilāf'. Saying 'Main ke khilāf' or 'Mujh ke khilāf' is incorrect.
It is of Arabic origin and is used in both Hindi and Urdu. In modern 'Hindustani', it is the standard word for 'against'.
While technically possible, it's rare. For physical leaning, 'ke sahāre' or 'se sātkar' is preferred. 'Ke khilāf' implies an adversarial stance.
No, 'ke khilāf' is a postposition and remains unchanged regardless of the gender of the subject or the object.
No, 'khilāf' is an adjective/postposition. The noun form is 'khilāfat' (opposition/rebellion).
Hindi postpositions require the oblique case. For pronouns, the oblique + 'ke' combination results in possessive forms like 'tumhāre'.
Yes, constantly! For example, 'Kohli ka record Pakistan ke khilāf bahut achchhā hai'.
It literally means 'against the current' and is used idiomatically to mean doing something against the norm.
خودت رو بسنج 200 سوال
Write a sentence using 'ke khilaf' about a sports team.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Translate: 'I am not against you.'
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write a sentence about protesting against inflation.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Translate: 'There is no evidence against him.'
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Use 'ke khilaf' in a sentence about a rule.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Translate: 'He went against my wish.'
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write a sentence about fighting against corruption.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Translate: 'They are conspiring against us.'
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write a sentence using the idiom 'dhara ke khilaf tairna'.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Translate: 'The court gave the verdict against the company.'
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write a sentence about a complaint against a neighbor.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Translate: 'It is against my principles.'
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write a sentence about an action against nature.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Translate: 'Why are you against me?'
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write a sentence about a protest against a new law.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Translate: 'He spoke against his own interests.'
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write a sentence about a match between two schools.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Translate: 'Don't say anything against him.'
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write a sentence about a witness testifying against a thief.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Translate: 'The public is against this decision.'
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Say 'I am against this' in Hindi.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'Against the law' in Hindi.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Ask 'Why are you against me?' in Hindi.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'Raise your voice against injustice.'
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'There is no evidence against you.'
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'He is against the new rule.'
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'India vs Pakistan' using 'ke khilaf'.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'It is against my nature.'
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'Don't speak against your brother.'
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'We are against corruption.'
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'He went against his father.'
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'I will vote against the proposal.'
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'They complained against us.'
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'Swimming against the current.'
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'This is against humanity.'
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'He gave testimony against the thief.'
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'The whole world is against me.'
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'It is against the rules of the game.'
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'I stand against poverty.'
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'He is conspiring against the king.'
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Listen to the sentence: 'Vah mere khilaf hai.' What does it mean?
Listen: 'Anyay ke khilaf avaj uthao.' What should you raise?
Listen: 'Bharat ne England ke khilaf match jita.' Who won?
Listen: 'Uske khilaf koi sabut nahin hai.' Is there evidence?
Listen: 'Yeh qanun ke khilaf hai.' Is it legal?
Listen: 'Vah meri marzi ke khilaf gaya.' Did he have consent?
Listen: 'Logon ne mehngai ke khilaf pradarshan kiya.' Why did they protest?
Listen: 'Mere khilaf mat bolo.' What should the person not do?
Listen: 'Usne chor ke khilaf shikayat ki.' Who did he complain against?
Listen: 'Yeh mere siddhanton ke khilaf hai.' What is it against?
Listen: 'Sarkar ke khilaf prastav pesh kiya gaya.' What was presented?
Listen: 'Vah dhara ke khilaf tair raha hai.' Is he doing something easy?
Listen: 'Hamare khilaf mat jao.' What is the warning?
Listen: 'Yeh dawā bimari ke khilaf larti hai.' What does the medicine do?
Listen: 'Usne apne hi hito ke khilaf bola.' Who did he speak against?
/ 200 درست
نمره کامل!
Summary
The phrase 'के ख़िलाफ़' (ke khilāf) is the standard Hindi way to express opposition. Whether you're talking about a cricket match (Bharat ke khilaf) or a social protest (anyay ke khilaf), it is essential for defining conflict and stance.
- Means 'against' or 'in opposition to'.
- Requires the preceding noun to be in the oblique case.
- Used in sports, law, politics, and daily disagreements.
- Always paired with 'ke' and fused with pronouns (e.g., mere khilaf).
Always use 'ke'
Never use 'khilāf' alone. It must be 'Noun + ke khilāf' or 'Possessive Pronoun + khilāf'.
Learn synonyms
Use 'ke viruddh' for formal writing to sound more sophisticated.
Master the 'Kh'
Practice the voiceless velar fricative sound for 'Khilāf' to sound like a native speaker.
Softening opposition
If you want to be less aggressive, use 'Main sehmat nahīn hoon' instead of 'Main iske khilāf hoon'.
مثال
वह अन्याय के खिलाफ़ आवाज़ उठा रहा था।
محتوای مرتبط
واژههای بیشتر general
आभार व्यक्त करना
B1ابراز قدردانی یا تشکر به صورت رسمی. 'من میخواهم مراتب سپاسگزاری خود را ابراز کنم.'
आचरण करना
C1رفتار کردن؛ به شیوهای خاص (معمولاً اخلاقی یا رسمی) عمل کردن. 'او باید با وقار رفتار کند.'
आगे
A1Forward; ahead.
आगे बढ़ना
A2به جلو حرکت کردن یا پیشرفت کردن.
आगामी
B1آینده، پیش رو. برای رویدادهایی که در آینده نزدیک رخ میدهند استفاده میشود.
आह्वान करना
B1To call, to summon, to request someone's presence.
आज रात
A2امشب؛ شبِ امروز.
आजमाना
A2امتحان کردن یا آزمودن چیزی برای دیدن نحوه کارکرد آن یا آنچه اتفاق می افتد.
आक्रमण करना
B2آغاز عملیات نظامی علیه یک کشور یا گروه.
आखिरी
A2آخر، پایانی. 'آخرین اتوبوس' می شود 'Aakhiri bus'. 'آخرین بار' می شود 'Aakhiri baar'.
