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उल्लिखित करना

B1 verb 11 دقیقه مطالعه

उल्लिखित करना

ullikhit karna

تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها उल्लिखित करना در ۳۰ ثانیه

توضیح उल्लिखित करना in your Level:

At the A1 level, you don't need to use 'उल्लिखित करना' yourself, but you might see it in very simple instructions. Think of it as a fancy way to say 'to say' or 'to write.' If you see 'नाम उल्लिखित करें' on a form, it just means 'Write your name.' At this stage, focus on the 'likh' part of the word, which reminds you of 'likhnā' (to write). You won't hear this in daily greetings or basic shopping trips. It's a word that lives in books and papers. If you encounter it, just remember it means someone is pointing something out or writing it down. Don't worry about the complex grammar yet; just recognize the word when you see it in a formal setting like a classroom or an office.

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At the A2 level, you are starting to handle more formal situations, like filling out applications or reading basic news snippets. You should recognize 'उल्लिखित करना' as the formal version of 'बताना' (to tell). You might see it in a sentence like 'किताब में उत्तर उल्लिखित है' (The answer is mentioned in the book). You should understand that this word is used when we are talking about facts or written information. You might start using it in very simple formal emails, like 'जैसा कि मैंने फोन पर उल्लिखित किया' (As I mentioned on the phone). This will make your Hindi sound more polite and professional. Focus on the past tense 'उल्लिखित किया' as a fixed phrase for now.

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At B1, this is a key vocabulary word. You are expected to move beyond basic verbs and use more precise terms. 'उल्लिखित करना' is perfect for discussing articles you've read, news stories, or professional tasks. You should be able to use it in the past tense with the 'ne' (ने) construction correctly (e.g., 'लेखक ने मुख्य समस्याओं को उल्लिखित किया है'). You should also recognize its passive form 'उल्लिखित किया गया है' (has been mentioned), which is very common in reports. Use this word when you want to sound objective and formal. It's particularly useful for summarizing information or giving presentations where you need to refer to specific data points or previous statements.

By B2, you should use 'उल्लिखित करना' naturally in all formal contexts. You should understand the nuance between this word and its synonyms like 'ज़िक्र करना' or 'हवाला देना.' You should be comfortable using it in complex sentence structures, such as conditional clauses ('अगर आप इन शर्तों को अनुबंध में उल्लिखित नहीं करते...') or relative clauses. Your pronunciation should be clear, emphasizing the double 'l.' You should also be familiar with related nouns like 'उल्लेख' (mention) and how to use them in phrases like 'उल्लेखनीय' (noteworthy). At this level, you are expected to read academic texts or legal documents where this word appears frequently and understand its exact implications.

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At the C1 level, you should have a command of the subtle 'authority' this word carries. You use it to navigate high-level professional and academic discourse. You can distinguish when to use 'उल्लिखित करना' versus even more specialized terms like 'प्रतिपादित करना' (to propound) or 'निर्दिष्ट करना' (to specify). You understand that 'उल्लिखित' often implies a certain level of proof or formal record. You can use it fluently in spontaneous debates or high-level writing to attribute ideas accurately. You also recognize stylistic variations in literature where 'उल्लिखित' might be used for specific rhetorical effects. Your mastery includes all grammatical permutations, including complex passive and causative forms.

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At the C2 level, 'उल्लिखित करना' is just one tool in a vast arsenal of precise vocabulary. You use it with native-like intuition, perfectly matching the register of your surroundings. You might even use it ironically in casual speech to sound mock-serious. You understand the historical and etymological roots of the word and how its usage has evolved in modern Hindi. You can critique the use of the word in legal or political texts, noting if it is being used to obscure or clarify information. Your writing at this level is indistinguishable from a highly educated native speaker, and 'उल्लिखित करना' is used seamlessly to create structured, authoritative, and nuanced arguments.

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تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها

उल्लिखित करना در ۳۰ ثانیه

A formal verb for 'to mention' or 'to cite'.
Essential for academic, legal, and professional Hindi.
Transitive verb following 'ne' construction in the past tense.
Commonly used to refer to written facts or official statements.

The Hindi phrase उल्लिखित करना (ullikhit karnā) is a sophisticated, formal verb that translates to 'to mention,' 'to state,' 'to cite,' or 'to refer to.' It is a compound verb formed from the adjective 'उल्लिखित' (mentioned/written) and the auxiliary verb 'करना' (to do). In the landscape of Hindi vocabulary, this word occupies a space of precision and formality, distinguishing itself from more casual synonyms like 'ज़िक्र करना' (zikra karnā) or 'बताना' (batānā). When you use this term, you are not just casually talking about something; you are pointing to a specific record, a previous statement, or a documented fact. It is heavily used in academic writing, legal documents, official correspondence, and news reporting where clarity and evidence-based statements are paramount.

Register: Formal and Semi-Formal. Used in professional and academic settings.

Understanding the weight of this word requires looking at its components. 'उल्लिखित' comes from the Sanskrit root 'likh' (to write), with the prefix 'ud-' indicating 'up' or 'out.' Thus, it literally suggests something that has been 'written out' or 'noted down.' In a modern context, if a professor says, 'The sources are mentioned in the bibliography,' they would use 'उल्लिखित करना.' If a lawyer refers to a specific clause in a contract, they 'उल्लिखित' that clause. It provides a sense of authority and permanence to the act of mentioning.

कृपया अपनी शिकायत में सभी महत्वपूर्ण तथ्यों को उल्लिखित करें। (Please mention all important facts in your complaint.)

In everyday conversation, you might hear this word used when someone wants to sound serious or when they are referencing a formal agreement. For example, in a business meeting, instead of saying 'As I said before,' a speaker might say 'जैसा कि मैंने पहले उल्लिखित किया था' (As I mentioned earlier). This shifts the tone from personal opinion to professional record-keeping. It is also an essential word for anyone reading Hindi newspapers or watching news broadcasts, as journalists frequently use it to attribute quotes or data points to specific sources.

Grammatical Note: This is a transitive verb. In the past tense, it follows the 'ne' construction (e.g., मैंने उल्लिखित किया).

संविधान में इन अधिकारों को स्पष्ट रूप से उल्लिखित किया गया है। (These rights have been clearly mentioned in the constitution.)

Furthermore, 'उल्लिखित करना' is often paired with adverbs like 'स्पष्ट रूप से' (clearly), 'विस्तार से' (in detail), or 'संक्षेप में' (briefly). These pairings allow for a high degree of specificity in communication. For a learner, mastering this word moves your Hindi from basic 'survival' level to 'professional' level. It shows that you can navigate formal structures and understand the nuances of documentation and reference. While 'बोलना' (to speak) is the broad category, 'उल्लिखित करना' is the specialized tool for formal attribution.

Contextual Usage: Commonly found in textbooks, legal notices, government circulars, and formal emails.

लेखक ने अपनी पुस्तक में इस घटना को उल्लिखित किया है। (The author has mentioned this incident in his book.)

Using उल्लिखित करना correctly requires an understanding of Hindi's transitive verb structures and the appropriate level of formality. Because this is a compound verb ending in 'करना,' it follows all the standard conjugation rules for 'karnā.' However, the object being mentioned is usually marked with the postposition 'को' (ko) if it is a specific person or defined entity, or left unmarked if it is a general concept. In formal writing, the passive form 'उल्लिखित किया जाना' (to be mentioned) is also extremely common.

Present Tense: वह अपनी रिपोर्ट में हर विवरण को उल्लिखित करता है। (He mentions every detail in his report.)

In the present tense, the verb agrees with the subject. However, when you move to the perfective (past) tense, the grammar shifts. Since 'उल्लिखित करना' is transitive, you must use the 'ने' (ne) particle with the subject, and the verb will agree with the object. For example, 'मैंने (subject + ne) नियमों को (object) उल्लिखित किया (verb agreeing with masculine plural object 'niyamon').' This is a crucial point for B1 learners to master, as errors here are very noticeable.

अधिकारियों ने बैठक के दौरान कई नई योजनाओं को उल्लिखित किया। (The officials mentioned several new schemes during the meeting.)

Another common usage is in the imperative mood, particularly in instructions or applications. When filling out a form, you might see 'नीचे उल्लिखित करें' (mention below). This is a polite but firm command. In academic contexts, you might use the subjunctive to suggest that something should be mentioned: 'यह आवश्यक है कि आप अपने स्रोतों को उल्लिखित करें' (It is necessary that you mention your sources).

Future Tense: क्या आप अपने भाषण में इस मुद्दे को उल्लिखित करेंगे? (Will you mention this issue in your speech?)

The word is also frequently used in conditional sentences. For instance, 'यदि आप इसे अनुबंध में उल्लिखित नहीं करते, तो यह मान्य नहीं होगा' (If you do not mention this in the contract, it will not be valid). This highlights the word's importance in legal and contractual logic. For learners, practicing these 'if-then' scenarios can help solidify the word's place in your active vocabulary. Remember that 'उल्लिखित' functions as an adjective here, modifying the act of being mentioned.

ऊपर उल्लिखित उदाहरणों से बात स्पष्ट हो जाती है। (The points become clear from the examples mentioned above.)

Finally, notice the use of 'उपर्युक्त' (uparyukt - mentioned above) or 'अधोलिखित' (adholikhit - mentioned below) which are related terms. While 'उल्लिखित करना' is the action, 'उल्लिखित' alone often acts as a participle meaning 'mentioned.' You will see 'उल्लिखित व्यक्ति' (the mentioned person) or 'उल्लिखित तारीख' (the mentioned date) in many official letters. This versatility makes it a powerhouse word for formal communication.

Common Pairing: उल्लिखित करना + स्पष्ट रूप से (to mention clearly), विस्तार से (in detail), बार-बार (repeatedly).

While you might not hear उल्लिखित करना at a vegetable market or during a casual chat over tea, it is ubiquitous in professional India. If you tune into a Hindi news channel like NDTV India or Aaj Tak, you will hear news anchors saying things like, 'The Prime Minister mentioned the importance of self-reliance' (प्रधानमंत्री ने आत्मनिर्भरता के महत्व को उल्लिखित किया). It is the standard verb for reporting what public figures have said in their official capacities.

News & Media: Reporting on speeches, press releases, and government policy announcements.

In the corporate world of Delhi, Mumbai, or Bangalore, if the medium of communication is Hindi, this word appears in every second email. Human Resources might send a memo saying, 'The holidays mentioned in the calendar are final' (कैलेंडर में उल्लिखित छुट्टियाँ अंतिम हैं). In meetings, managers use it to refer to specific points in a presentation or a previous discussion. It serves as a linguistic 'anchor,' pointing everyone to a specific piece of information.

जैसा कि अनुबंध की धारा 5 में उल्लिखित किया गया है, भुगतान समय पर होना चाहिए। (As mentioned in Section 5 of the contract, payment must be on time.)

Academic environments are another major 'habitat' for this word. Professors use it during lectures when referencing textbooks or research papers. Students use it in their theses to cite their bibliography. If you are reading a Hindi translation of a classic novel or a history book, you will see it used to describe how certain events or characters are introduced or referred to by the author. It is the language of 'intellectual reference.'

Legal & Judicial: Used by judges and lawyers to refer to evidence, previous rulings, and legal statutes.

Finally, you will encounter it in government offices (Sarkari Daftar). India's bureaucratic machinery runs on 'notings' and 'circulars.' When a clerk or an officer refers to a rule, they will almost always use 'उल्लिखित.' For a foreigner living in India, understanding this word is key to navigating any official process, from applying for a visa extension to dealing with local municipal authorities. It is the word that connects the spoken word to the written rule.

सरकारी आदेश में इस नियम को स्पष्ट रूप से उल्लिखित किया गया है। (This rule has been clearly mentioned in the government order.)

Literature: Used in literary criticism and prefaces to describe the themes or characters mentioned in a work.

One of the most frequent mistakes learners make with उल्लिखित करना is using it in overly casual contexts. Because its English translation is 'to mention,' learners often use it where 'ज़िक्र करना' (zikra karnā) or 'बताना' (batānā) would be much more natural. For example, saying 'मैंने अपनी माँ को उल्लिखित किया' (I mentioned my mother) sounds like you are writing a formal report about your mother rather than just talking about her in a conversation. In social settings, 'उल्लिखित करना' can sound stiff and robotic.

Over-Formality: Mistake: Using it in casual talk. Correction: Use 'ज़िक्र करना' for friends and family.

Grammatically, the 'ne' (ने) construction in the past tense is a major stumbling block. Learners often forget that since 'उल्लिखित करना' is transitive, the verb must agree with the object in the perfective aspect. A common error is: 'मैंने वह बात उल्लिखित किया' (incorrect) instead of 'मैंने वह बात उल्लिखित की' (correct, because 'baat' is feminine). Mastering the gender of common objects like 'baat' (matter), 'tathya' (fact), and 'niyam' (rule) is essential for using this verb correctly.

Incorrect: उसने अपनी रिपोर्ट में कई गलतियाँ उल्लिखित किया।
Correct: उसने अपनी रिपोर्ट में कई गलतियाँ उल्लिखित कीं।

Another mistake is confusing 'उल्लिखित' (mentioned) with 'लिखित' (written). While they are related, 'लिखित' simply means something is in writing, whereas 'उल्लिखित' specifically means it has been *referred to* or *noted* within a larger context. You wouldn't say 'मैंने एक पत्र उल्लिखित किया' to mean 'I wrote a letter'; you would say 'मैंने पत्र में एक समस्या उल्लिखित की' (I mentioned a problem in the letter).

Passive Voice Confusion: Mistake: 'नियम उल्लिखित है' vs 'नियम उल्लिखित किया गया है.' Both are correct but 'किया गया है' implies a deliberate act of mentioning by someone.

Finally, learners sometimes struggle with the postposition 'को'. In formal Hindi, when mentioning an abstract concept, the 'को' is often dropped. For example, 'उन्होंने कई कारण उल्लिखित किए' (He mentioned several reasons) is more common than 'उन्होंने कई कारणों को उल्लिखित किया.' However, if you are mentioning a specific person or a very specific, previously defined document, 'को' is often used. This nuance takes time and exposure to master. When in doubt, look at how the word is used in reputable Hindi newspapers like 'Dainik Jagran' or 'The Hindu' (Hindi edition).

सावधान: 'उल्लिखित करना' का प्रयोग केवल तभी करें जब संदर्भ औपचारिक हो। (Caution: Use 'ullikhit karna' only when the context is formal.)

To truly master उल्लिखित करना, you must understand its position among its synonyms. Hindi has several ways to say 'to mention,' each with a specific 'flavor' or register. Choosing the right one depends entirely on who you are talking to and what you are talking about.

उल्लिखित करना vs. ज़िक्र करना (Zikra Karnā): 'Zikra karnā' (of Arabic origin) is the most common way to say 'to mention' in semi-formal and casual speech. It is warmer and less clinical than 'ullikhit karnā.' Use 'zikra' when talking about friends, memories, or general topics. Use 'ullikhit' for laws, facts, and formal reports.

Another close relative is हवाला देना (havālā denā), which specifically means 'to give a reference' or 'to cite.' While 'उल्लिखित करना' simply means the thing was mentioned, 'हवाला देना' implies you are using that mention as evidence or authority. For example, 'He mentioned the law' (उसने कानून उल्लिखित किया) vs. 'He cited the law to support his argument' (उसने अपने तर्क के समर्थन में कानून का हवाला दिया).

तुलना: 'उल्लिखित' (mentioned) vs. 'वर्णित' (described). 'वर्णित' (varnit) is used for longer descriptions, whereas 'उल्लिखित' is for brief mentions.

Then there is बताना (batānā), the most basic word meaning 'to tell' or 'to state.' It is the 'umbrella' term. 'उल्लिखित करना' is a specific *type* of 'batānā' that happens in a formal context. If you are a beginner, 'batānā' is your safe bet, but as you reach B1 level, you should start replacing 'batānā' with 'ullikhit karnā' in your writing to show sophistication.

उल्लिखित करना vs. सूचित करना (Suchit Karnā): 'Suchit karnā' means 'to inform.' While you might mention (ullikhit) a fact to inform (suchit) someone, the focus of 'suchit' is on the recipient's knowledge, while 'ullikhit' is on the act of recording or stating the fact itself.

Finally, consider दर्ज करना (darj karnā), which means 'to record' or 'to register.' This is even more formal than 'ullikhit करना.' A police officer 'darj' (registers) an FIR, but they might 'ullikhit' (mention) specific evidence within that FIR. Understanding these layers of formality and specificity is what makes a learner sound like a native speaker.

याद रखें: 'उल्लिखित' का विलोम 'अनुल्लिखित' (unmentioned) होता है, हालाँकि यह बहुत कम उपयोग किया जाता है।

Quick Comparison Table: • ज़िक्र करना: Casual/General
• उल्लिखित करना: Formal/Documentary
• हवाला देना: Citation/Evidence
• वर्णन करना: Detailed Description

چقدر رسمی است؟

نکته جالب

In ancient times, 'ullikhit' referred to inscriptions on temple walls or stones. Today, it refers to 'inscriptions' in digital documents and formal reports!

راهنمای تلفظ

UK /ʊl.lɪ.kʰɪt̪ kəɾ.nɑː/

US /ʊl.lɪ.kʰɪt̪ kər.nɑ/

Primary stress is on the second syllable 'li'. Secondary stress is on 'kar'.

هم‌قافیه با

लिखित (likhit) शिक्षित (shikshit) दीक्षित (dikshit) रक्षित (rakshit) निश्चित (nishchit) परिचित (parichit) संचित (sanchit) प्रशिक्षित (prashikshit)

خطاهای رایج

Pronouncing 'kh' as a simple 'k'. It must be aspirated (breath of air).
Missing the double 'l' sound and saying 'ulikhit' instead of 'ullikhit'.
Using a retroflex 't' (like in 'table') instead of a dental 't' (like in 'thin').

سطح دشواری

خواندن 3/5

Common in texts, but requires knowledge of Sanskrit-based roots.

نوشتن 4/5

Requires correct application of 'ne' construction and gender agreement.

صحبت کردن 4/5

Hard to use naturally without sounding overly formal.

گوش دادن 3/5

Easily recognized once the root 'likh' is known.

بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟

پیش‌نیازها

लिखना (to write) बताना (to tell) करना (to do) बात (matter) नाम (name)

بعداً یاد بگیرید

उल्लेखनीय (noteworthy) हवाला देना (to cite) वर्णन करना (to describe) प्रतिपादित करना (to propound)

پیشرفته

प्रासंगिक (relevant) संदर्भ (context) अधिसूचना (notification) परिशिष्ट (appendix)

گرامر لازم

Transitive Verb Past Tense

Subject + ने + Object + Verb (agreement with object).

Passive Voice with 'Jānā'

Object + उल्लिखित + किया गया/गई/गए + है/था।

Compound Verb Construction

Adjective (उल्लिखित) + Auxiliary (करना).

Adverbial Placement

Adverb usually comes before the verb (e.g., स्पष्ट रूप से उल्लिखित करना).

Direct vs Indirect Objects

Use 'ko' for specific people, omit for general concepts.

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مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

अपना नाम यहाँ उल्लिखित करें।

Mention your name here.

Imperative form (formal).

क्या आपने तारीख उल्लिखित की?

Did you mention the date?

Past tense with feminine object 'tārikh'.

कृपया पता उल्लिखित करें।

Please mention the address.

Polite request.

यहाँ दो नाम उल्लिखित हैं।

Two names are mentioned here.

Passive state using 'hai' (are).

वह अपना फोन नंबर उल्लिखित करता है।

He mentions his phone number.

Simple present tense.

सूची में फल उल्लिखित हैं।

Fruits are mentioned in the list.

Plural subject-verb agreement.

क्या यहाँ कीमत उल्लिखित है?

Is the price mentioned here?

Question form.

मैं अपना शहर उल्लिखित करता हूँ।

I mention my city.

First person singular.

शिक्षक ने पाठ में इस शब्द को उल्लिखित किया।

The teacher mentioned this word in the lesson.

Past tense with 'ne'.

मैंने अपनी ईमेल में यह बात उल्लिखित की थी।

I had mentioned this matter in my email.

Past perfect tense.

क्या आपने फॉर्म में अपना अनुभव उल्लिखित किया?

Did you mention your experience in the form?

Simple past question.

नोटिस में समय उल्लिखित किया गया है।

The time has been mentioned in the notice.

Passive voice.

कृपया सभी विवरणों को सावधानी से उल्लिखित करें।

Please mention all details carefully.

Formal imperative with adverb.

वह अपनी कहानी में दोस्तों को उल्लिखित करता है।

He mentions friends in his story.

Present tense with plural object.

इस रिपोर्ट में मुख्य बिंदु उल्लिखित हैं।

Main points are mentioned in this report.

Adjectival use of 'ullikhit'.

क्या आपने अपना आधार नंबर उल्लिखित किया है?

Have you mentioned your Aadhaar number?

Present perfect tense.

लेखक ने अपनी पुस्तक के पहले अध्याय में इस घटना को उल्लिखित किया है।

The author has mentioned this incident in the first chapter of his book.

Present perfect with 'ne'.

संविधान में नागरिकों के मौलिक कर्तव्यों को स्पष्ट रूप से उल्लिखित किया गया है।

Fundamental duties of citizens are clearly mentioned in the constitution.

Passive voice with adverbial phrase.

क्या आप अपनी प्रस्तुति में इन आंकड़ों को उल्लिखित करेंगे?

Will you mention these statistics in your presentation?

Future tense question.

अदालत ने अपने फैसले में पुराने मामलों को उल्लिखित किया।

The court mentioned old cases in its judgment.

Formal past tense.

अनुबंध में यह शर्त उल्लिखित नहीं की गई थी।

This condition was not mentioned in the contract.

Negative passive voice.

हमें रिपोर्ट में सभी वित्तीय लाभों को उल्लिखित करना चाहिए।

We should mention all financial benefits in the report.

Modal verb 'chāhiye'.

वैज्ञानिकों ने अपने शोध पत्र में कई नई खोजों को उल्लिखित किया है।

Scientists have mentioned several new discoveries in their research paper.

Plural subject with 'ne'.

पिछली बैठक में जो बातें उल्लिखित की गई थीं, उन पर विचार करें।

Consider the points that were mentioned in the last meeting.

Relative clause with passive voice.

यद्यपि उन्होंने कई मुद्दों को उल्लिखित किया, लेकिन सबसे महत्वपूर्ण मुद्दा छूट गया।

Although he mentioned many issues, the most important one was left out.

Complex sentence with 'yadyapi... lekin'.

इतिहासकारों ने इस युद्ध के कारणों को विस्तार से उल्लिखित किया है।

Historians have mentioned the causes of this war in detail.

Adverbial phrase 'vistār se'.

यदि आप अपने आवेदन में पिछले कार्य अनुभव को उल्लिखित करते हैं, तो आपके चयन की संभावना बढ़ जाएगी।

If you mention previous work experience in your application, the chances of your selection will increase.

Conditional sentence.

सरकारी अधिसूचना में उन क्षेत्रों को उल्लिखित किया गया है जहाँ कर्फ्यू लागू रहेगा।

The government notification mentions the areas where the curfew will remain in effect.

Defining relative clause.

वक्ता ने अपने भाषण के दौरान बार-बार शांति की आवश्यकता को उल्लिखित किया।

The speaker repeatedly mentioned the need for peace during his speech.

Frequency adverb 'bār-bār'.

इस दस्तावेज़ में उल्लिखित जानकारी पूरी तरह से गोपनीय है।

The information mentioned in this document is strictly confidential.

Participle use of 'ullikhit'.

क्या आपने अपनी शिकायत में उन व्यक्तियों के नाम उल्लिखित किए हैं जिन्होंने आपको परेशान किया?

Have you mentioned the names of the individuals who harassed you in your complaint?

Complex question with relative pronoun.

लेख में उल्लिखित तथ्यों की सत्यता की जाँच करना आवश्यक है।

It is necessary to verify the truth of the facts mentioned in the article.

Infinitive as subject.

आलोचक ने उपन्यास के उन पहलुओं को उल्लिखित किया जो अक्सर अनदेखे कर दिए जाते हैं।

The critic mentioned those aspects of the novel that are often ignored.

Nuanced subject and object.

नीति पत्र में पर्यावरण संरक्षण के जिन उपायों को उल्लिखित किया गया है, वे अत्यंत महत्वाकांक्षी हैं।

The environmental protection measures mentioned in the policy paper are extremely ambitious.

Relative clause with 'jin'.

अधिवक्ता ने तर्क दिया कि अभियोजन पक्ष ने महत्वपूर्ण साक्ष्यों को उल्लिखित नहीं किया।

The advocate argued that the prosecution failed to mention crucial evidence.

Indirect speech.

विद्वानों ने प्राचीन ग्रंथों में उल्लिखित खगोलीय घटनाओं का विश्लेषण किया है।

Scholars have analyzed the astronomical events mentioned in ancient texts.

Academic context.

इस रिपोर्ट में उन विसंगतियों को भी उल्लिखित किया गया है जो ऑडिट के दौरान पाई गईं।

The report also mentions the discrepancies that were found during the audit.

Passive voice with 'bhi' for emphasis.

क्या यह संभव है कि लेखक ने जानबूझकर इन विवरणों को उल्लिखित नहीं किया?

Is it possible that the author deliberately did not mention these details?

Subjunctive mood/Possibility.

प्रस्ताव में उल्लिखित बजट आवंटन पर सदस्यों के बीच मतभेद थे।

There were differences among the members regarding the budget allocation mentioned in the proposal.

Complex noun phrase.

संपादकीय में सरकार की विफलताओं को बड़ी बेबाकी से उल्लिखित किया गया है।

The editorial has mentioned the government's failures with great boldness.

Manner adverbial 'badi bebāki se'.

दार्शनिक ने अपने शोध प्रबंध में उन सूक्ष्म बारीकियों को उल्लिखित किया है जो मानव चेतना को परिभाषित करती हैं।

The philosopher has mentioned those subtle nuances in his thesis that define human consciousness.

Abstract academic language.

संधि में उल्लिखित प्रावधानों की व्याख्या दोनों देशों के बीच विवाद का विषय बनी हुई है।

The interpretation of the provisions mentioned in the treaty remains a subject of dispute between the two countries.

Complex possessive structures.

साहित्यिक कृति में जिस प्रकार से सामाजिक कुरीतियों को उल्लिखित किया गया है, वह लेखक की संवेदनशीलता को दर्शाता है।

The manner in which social evils are mentioned in the literary work reflects the author's sensitivity.

Manner clause with 'jis prakār se'.

न्यायाधीश ने टिप्पणी की कि याचिकाकर्ता ने तथ्यों को केवल आंशिक रूप से उल्लिखित किया है, जो भ्रामक हो सकता है।

The judge remarked that the petitioner has only partially mentioned the facts, which could be misleading.

Adverbial 'ānshik rūp se'.

तकनीकी मैनुअल में सुरक्षा प्रोटोकॉल को इतनी सटीकता से उल्लिखित किया गया है कि किसी भी त्रुटि की गुंजाइश नहीं है।

The safety protocols are mentioned with such precision in the technical manual that there is no room for error.

Result clause 'itni... ki'.

घोषणापत्र में उल्लिखित वादों और उनके क्रियान्वयन के बीच की खाई को जनता बखूबी समझती है।

The public well understands the gap between the promises mentioned in the manifesto and their implementation.

Sophisticated political vocabulary.

लेखक ने अपनी आत्मकथा में उन व्यक्तिगत संघर्षों को भी उल्लिखित किया है जिन्हें उन्होंने अब तक गुप्त रखा था।

The author has also mentioned those personal struggles in his autobiography that he had kept secret until now.

Perfective aspect with relative clause.

प्रस्तुत शोध में उन चरों को उल्लिखित किया गया है जिनका प्रभाव प्रयोग के परिणामों पर पड़ सकता है।

The present research mentions those variables whose influence could affect the results of the experiment.

Scientific register.

مترادف‌ها

ज़िक्र करना हवाला देना वर्णन करना बताना सूचित करना दर्ज करना निर्देशित करना प्रस्तुत करना

متضادها

अनदेखा करना छिपाना मिटाना चुप रहना

ترکیب‌های رایج

स्पष्ट रूप से उल्लिखित

विस्तार से उल्लिखित

नीचे उल्लिखित

ऊपर उल्लिखित

अनुबंध में उल्लिखित

संक्षेप में उल्लिखित

नामों को उल्लिखित

तथ्यों को उल्लिखित

बार-बार उल्लिखित

लिखित रूप में उल्लिखित

عبارات رایج

जैसा कि ऊपर उल्लिखित है

— As mentioned above. Used in formal writing to refer to previous points.

जैसा कि ऊपर उल्लिखित है, हमें सावधानी बरतनी चाहिए।

विस्तार से उल्लिखित करना

— To mention in detail. Used when providing thorough information.

कृपया अपनी समस्याओं को विस्तार से उल्लिखित करें।

नाम उल्लिखित करना

— To mention a name. Common in legal or administrative contexts.

गवाह ने संदिग्ध का नाम उल्लिखित किया।

स्पष्ट रूप से उल्लिखित करना

— To mention clearly. Used to avoid ambiguity.

नियमों को स्पष्ट रूप से उल्लिखित किया जाना चाहिए।

नीचे उल्लिखित सूची

— The list mentioned below. Used to introduce a list.

नीचे उल्लिखित सूची में अपना नाम देखें।

प्रमुखता से उल्लिखित करना

— To mention prominently. Used when a point is given special importance.

अखबार ने इस खबर को प्रमुखता से उल्लिखित किया।

अनिवार्य रूप से उल्लिखित करना

— To mention mandatorily. Used for required information.

पैन नंबर अनिवार्य रूप से उल्लिखित करें।

दस्तावेज़ में उल्लिखित

— Mentioned in the document. Used for referencing.

दस्तावेज़ में उल्लिखित जानकारी सही है।

तारीख उल्लिखित करना

— To mention the date. Common in forms.

आवेदन पर तारीख उल्लिखित करना न भूलें।

संक्षेप में उल्लिखित करना

— To mention briefly. Used for summaries.

उसने अपनी उपलब्धियों को संक्षेप में उल्लिखित किया।

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

उल्लिखित करना vs लिखित (likhit)

Likhit means 'written'. Ullikhit means 'mentioned' or 'referred to' within a text.

उल्लिखित करना vs उल्लेखनीय (ullekhnīya)

This is an adjective meaning 'noteworthy' or 'remarkable', not the act of mentioning.

उल्लिखित करना vs लिखना (likhnā)

Likhnā is the general act of writing. Ullikhit karnā is a specific formal mention.

اصطلاحات و عبارات

"नाम तक उल्लिखित न करना"

— To not even mention the name. Implies complete avoidance or erasure.

झगड़े के बाद उसने मेरा नाम तक उल्लिखित नहीं किया।

Semi-formal

"अक्षरों में उल्लिखित होना"

— To be mentioned in letters (written clearly). Implies something is indisputable.

यह नियम पत्थर की लकीर की तरह अक्षरों में उल्लिखित है।

Literary

"पन्नों पर उल्लिखित होना"

— To be mentioned on pages (recorded in history).

उसका बलिदान इतिहास के पन्नों पर उल्लिखित रहेगा।

Literary

"खुले तौर पर उल्लिखित करना"

— To mention openly. Without any secrecy.

उसने अपनी राय खुले तौर पर उल्लिखित की।

Neutral

"दबी ज़बान में उल्लिखित करना"

— To mention in a hushed voice/hesitantly.

उसने भ्रष्टाचार का मुद्दा दबी ज़बान में उल्लिखित किया।

Informal

"प्रमुखता से उल्लिखित करना"

— To mention with prominence/highlight.

रिपोर्ट ने जलवायु परिवर्तन को प्रमुखता से उल्लिखित किया।

Formal

"गलत तरीके से उल्लिखित करना"

— To misquote or mention incorrectly.

मीडिया ने उसके बयानों को गलत तरीके से उल्लिखित किया।

Neutral

"बिना नाम उल्लिखित किए"

— Without mentioning the name (anonymously).

उसने बिना नाम उल्लिखित किए अपनी बात कही।

Formal

"विस्तारपूर्वक उल्लिखित करना"

— To mention extensively.

लेख में समस्या को विस्तारपूर्वक उल्लिखित किया गया है।

Formal

"सटीकता से उल्लिखित करना"

— To mention with precision.

वैज्ञानिक ने डेटा को सटीकता से उल्लिखित किया।

Academic

به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

उल्लिखित करना vs वर्णित (varnit)

Both relate to describing/mentioning.

Varnit implies a detailed description, while ullikhit is a specific mention.

उपन्यास में युद्ध का वर्णन (varnit) है, लेकिन तारीख केवल उल्लिखित (ullikhit) है।

उल्लिखित करना vs सूचित (suchit)

Both involve giving information.

Suchit means 'informed'. Ullikhit means 'mentioned'.

मैंने उसे सूचित (suchit) किया कि समय उल्लिखित (ullikhit) है।

उल्लिखित करना vs दर्ज (darj)

Both used in formal records.

Darj means 'recorded' or 'registered' (like a case). Ullikhit is just 'mentioned'.

नाम रजिस्टर में दर्ज (darj) है और उसे रिपोर्ट में उल्लिखित (ullikhit) किया गया है।

उल्लिखित करना vs प्रस्तुत (prastut)

Both involve putting information forward.

Prastut means 'presented' or 'submitted'. Ullikhit is 'mentioned'.

उसने रिपोर्ट प्रस्तुत (prastut) की जिसमें आंकड़े उल्लिखित (ullikhit) थे।

उल्लिखित करना vs निर्दिष्ट (nirdisht)

Both are very formal.

Nirdisht means 'specified' or 'designated'. Ullikhit is 'mentioned'.

उल्लिखित (ullikhit) नियमों में से एक को निर्दिष्ट (nirdisht) किया गया।

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

[Noun] उल्लिखित करें।

नाम उल्लिखित करें।

मैंने [Noun] उल्लिखित किया।

मैंने तारीख उल्लिखित की।

[Noun] में [Noun] उल्लिखित है।

रिपोर्ट में समस्या उल्लिखित है।

[Subject] ने [Noun] को उल्लिखित किया है।

अधिकारी ने नियमों को उल्लिखित किया है।

[Noun] को स्पष्ट रूप से उल्लिखित किया जाना चाहिए।

शर्तों को स्पष्ट रूप से उल्लिखित किया जाना चाहिए।

जैसा कि [Document] में उल्लिखित किया गया है...

जैसा कि अनुबंध में उल्लिखित किया गया है...

[Subject] ने [Abstract Noun] को प्रमुखता से उल्लिखित किया।

वक्ता ने शांति को प्रमुखता से उल्लिखित किया।

[Noun] में उल्लिखित [Noun] की व्याख्या [Verb]...

लेख में उल्लिखित तथ्यों की व्याख्या करना कठिन है।

خانواده کلمه

اسم‌ها

उल्लेख (ullekh - mention/reference)

فعل‌ها

उल्लिखित करना (ullikhit karnā - to mention)

صفت‌ها

उल्लिखित (ullikhit - mentioned)

उल्लेखनीय (ullekhnīya - noteworthy/remarkable)

مرتبط

लिखना (likhnā)

लेखक (lekhak)

लेख (lekh)

लिखित (likhit)

शिलालेख (shilālekh)

برای دیدن همه مثال‌ها رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

نحوه استفاده

frequency

High in written/formal Hindi; Low in spoken/casual Hindi.

اشتباهات رایج

मैंने अपनी बहन को उल्लिखित किया। → मैंने अपनी बहन का ज़िक्र किया।
Don't use 'ullikhit karna' for casual mentions of people.
उसने बहुत सारी बातें उल्लिखित किया। → उसने बहुत सारी बातें उल्लिखित कीं।
The verb must agree with the feminine plural object 'baatein'.
मैं एक पत्र उल्लिखित कर रहा हूँ। → मैं एक पत्र लिख रहा हूँ।
You don't 'mention' a letter if you are the one writing it; use 'likhna'.
रिपोर्ट में तथ्य उल्लेखित हैं। → रिपोर्ट में तथ्य उल्लिखित हैं।
Spelling mistake: it should be 'ullikhit', not 'ullekhit'.
वह मुझसे उल्लिखित करता है। → वह मुझसे ज़िक्र करता है।
'Ullikhit karna' usually takes an object, not a person you are talking 'to' in a casual way.

نکات

Master the 'ne' rule

In the past tense, remember: 'Maine baat ullikhit ki' (feminine object) vs 'Maine niyam ullikhit kiya' (masculine object).

Use in Essays

Replace 'bataya' with 'ullikhit kiya' in your Hindi exams to get higher marks for vocabulary.

Learn the family

Learn 'ullekh' (noun) alongside 'ullikhit karna' to use the word in different sentence structures.

Business Hindi

This is a must-know word for anyone working in an Indian office or reading Hindi contracts.

Aspiration is key

Make sure you pronounce the 'kh' in 'likhit' clearly to sound like a native speaker.

Newspaper Hunt

Try to find this word in a Hindi newspaper. You will likely see it in the editorial or legal sections.

Email Etiquette

Use 'उपरोक्तानुसार' (as mentioned above) as a shorthand in very formal emails.

Formal Speeches

Listen to speeches by Indian politicians on YouTube; they use this word frequently.

Presentation Power

When presenting data, use 'जैसा कि इस चार्ट में उल्लिखित है' (As mentioned in this chart).

The 'Likh' Connection

Always connect 'ullikhit' with 'likhna' (to write) to remember its meaning.

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روش یادسپاری

Think of 'U-Likh-It'. 'U' (You) 'Likh' (Write) 'It'. When you 'ullikhit karna', you 'write it' down or 'mention it' formally so everyone can see it.

تداعی تصویری

Imagine a judge pointing at a specific line in a thick law book. That act of pointing and stating the rule is 'ullikhit karna'.

شبکه واژگان

Mention Cite Refer Write Record Specify Document State

چالش

Try to write a three-sentence formal email to a 'boss' using 'उल्लिखित करना' to refer to a previous meeting. Ensure you use the 'ne' construction in at least one sentence.

ریشه کلمه

Derived from Sanskrit 'उल्लिखित' (ullikhita), which is a combination of the prefix 'ud-' (up/out) and the root 'likh' (to write/scratch).

معنای اصلی: Originally meant 'scratched out', 'carved', or 'written down'—often referring to inscriptions on stone or copper plates.

Indo-Aryan (Sanskrit origin).

بافت فرهنگی

No specific sensitivities, but using it in casual conversation with friends might make you seem arrogant or overly formal.

Equivalent to 'to state for the record' or 'to cite' in academic writing.

The Preamble of the Indian Constitution (mentions rights) Official Gazettes of India Hindi news reports on Parliamentary proceedings

تمرین در زندگی واقعی

موقعیت‌های واقعی

Legal Documents

अनुबंध में उल्लिखित
धारा में उल्लिखित
शर्तें उल्लिखित करना
स्पष्ट रूप से उल्लिखित

Academic Writing

स्रोतों को उल्लिखित करना
अध्याय में उल्लिखित
तथ्यों को उल्लिखित करना
शोध में उल्लिखित

Official Emails

जैसा कि उल्लिखित है
नीचे उल्लिखित विवरण
मुद्दे को उल्लिखित करना
समय उल्लिखित करना

News Reporting

बयान में उल्लिखित
रिपोर्ट में उल्लिखित
प्रमुखता से उल्लिखित
सूत्रों द्वारा उल्लिखित

Job Applications

अनुभव उल्लिखित करना
कौशल उल्लिखित करना
उपलब्धियां उल्लिखित करना
विवरण उल्लिखित करना

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

"क्या आपने अपनी रिपोर्ट में कल की बैठक के मुख्य बिंदुओं को उल्लिखित किया है?"

"संविधान में हमारे अधिकारों को किस तरह उल्लिखित किया गया है?"

"क्या आप इस दस्तावेज़ में उल्लिखित शर्तों से सहमत हैं?"

"लेखक ने इस किताब में गरीबी की समस्या को प्रमुखता से उल्लिखित किया है, आपका क्या विचार है?"

"क्या आपको लगता है कि इस नोटिस में समय को स्पष्ट रूप से उल्लिखित किया गया है?"

موضوعات نگارش

आज आपने जो तीन महत्वपूर्ण बातें सीखीं, उन्हें अपनी डायरी में उल्लिखित करें।

अपने जीवन के उन लक्ष्यों को उल्लिखित करें जिन्हें आप अगले पाँच वर्षों में प्राप्त करना चाहते हैं।

किसी ऐसी पुस्तक के बारे में लिखें जिसमें आपके पसंदीदा विषय को बहुत अच्छे से उल्लिखित किया गया हो।

कल की अपनी दिनचर्या को विस्तार से उल्लिखित करें।

उन गुणों को उल्लिखित करें जो एक अच्छे नेता में होने चाहिए।

سوالات متداول

10 سوال

It's best to avoid it in casual settings. It sounds like you're reading from a textbook. Use 'zikra karna' instead.

It is an adjective (meaning 'mentioned'). When paired with 'karna', it becomes a compound verb.

'Ullekh' is a noun (a mention). 'Ullikhit' is an adjective (mentioned).

Usually, yes. It strongly suggests that the mention exists in a written or formal record.

You can say 'जैसा कि पहले उल्लिखित किया गया है' or 'पूर्वोल्लिखित'.

The correct spelling is 'ullikhit' (उल्लिखित). 'Ullekhit' is a common misspelling.

Yes, but in a formal way. 'The persons mentioned in the list' (सूची में उल्लिखित व्यक्ति).

The formal opposite is 'anullikhit' (unmentioned), but it's rarely used.

No. Bollywood songs use 'zikra' (ज़िक्र) because it sounds more poetic and romantic.

It comes from the Sanskrit sandhi of 'ud' + 'likhit', where 'd' changes to 'l' before another 'l'.

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