A1 · مبتدی فصل 11

Interrogative and Demonstrative Pronouns

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Chapter in 30 Seconds

Master the art of asking questions and pointing out the world around you in Croatian.

  • Identify people and objects using interrogative pronouns.
  • Distinguish between objects nearby and far away using demonstratives.
  • Apply correct grammatical endings to pronouns based on case.
Point, ask, and connect with confidence.

چی یاد می‌گیری

Learn to ask 'who,' 'what,' 'which,' and 'whose' using interrogative pronouns. You'll also master demonstrative pronouns like 'this' and 'that' to point things out.

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: Use 'Tko' and 'Što' to initiate basic inquiries.

نکات و ترفندها (4)

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Keep it simple

Don't overthink the grammar. Just use Tko for people and Što for things.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Interrogative Pronouns: Tko? Što? (Who? What?)
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Check the Noun

Always look at the noun first. If it's feminine, your question word must end in -a.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Interrogative Pronouns: Koji? Kakav? Čiji? (Which? What kind? Whose?)
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Focus on the Verb

Always check what case the verb requires. This will tell you which pronoun form to use.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Declension of Interrogative Pronouns
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Check the Noun

Always look at the noun first to determine gender.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Demonstrative Pronouns: Ovaj, Taj, Onaj (This, That, That over there)

واژگان کلیدی (6)

Tko Who Što What Ovaj This Koji Which Čiji Whose Netko Someone

Real-World Preview

shopping-cart

At the Market

Review Summary

  • Tko/Što + verb

اشتباهات رایج

Confusing interrogative 'Koji' with demonstrative 'Ovaj'. Use 'Koji' only for questions.

Wrong: Koji je ovo stol?
صحیح: Ovaj stol je moj.

Using 'Tko' (who) for an object instead of 'Što' (what).

Wrong: Tko je to jabuka?
صحیح: Što je to jabuka?

Demonstratives must match noun gender. 'Knjiga' is feminine, so use 'Ova'.

Wrong: Ovaj knjiga je dobra.
صحیح: Ova knjiga je dobra.

Next Steps

You are doing amazing! Keep questioning, keep pointing, and keep growing.

Label items in your room with their Croatian names and demonstratives.

Continue to: Adjectives: Describing Nouns and Agreement

تمرین سریع (10)

Fill in the blank.

___ kuca na vrata.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Netko
It's a person.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Indefinite Pronouns (Netko, Nešto)

Fill in the blank.

___ je ovo mobitel?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Čiji
Mobitel is masculine.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Interrogative Pronouns: Koji? Kakav? Čiji? (Which? What kind? Whose?)

Fix the sentence.

Find and fix the mistake:

Netkovi ljudi su ovdje.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Neki ljudi su ovdje.
Netko cannot be pluralized.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Indefinite Pronouns (Netko, Nešto)

Choose the correct pronoun.

___ je to?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Tko
Tko is for people.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Interrogative Pronouns: Tko? Što? (Who? What?)

Choose the correct form.

___ pismo je važno. (That over there)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Ono
Pismo is neuter, far away.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Using Demonstratives as Adjectives

Fill in the blank.

___ auto želiš?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Koji
Auto is masculine.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Interrogative Pronouns: Koji? Kakav? Čiji? (Which? What kind? Whose?)

Select the right pronoun.

___ tko zna hrvatski može pomoći.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Netko
Relative clause refers to a person.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Indefinite Pronouns (Netko, Nešto)

Choose the correct form.

___ dijete plače?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Koje
Dijete is neuter.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Interrogative Pronouns: Koji? Kakav? Čiji? (Which? What kind? Whose?)

Fill in the blank.

___ stol je lijep. (This)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Ovaj
Stol is masculine.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Using Demonstratives as Adjectives

Fix the sentence.

Find and fix the mistake:

Nešto je došao.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Netko je došao.
Person requires netko.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Indefinite Pronouns (Netko, Nešto)

Score: /10

سوالات رایج (6)

No, always use 'Tko' for people, regardless of number.
It is not wrong, but it is not standard Croatian. Use 'Što' for standard.
They change to agree with the gender and number of the noun they modify.
Usually no. If you don't have a noun, use 'tko' or 'što'.
It changes because it is in the Accusative case, which marks the direct object.
It is not 'wrong' in dialects, but 'Što' is the standard form for formal writing.
فصل قبلی
The Genitive Case: Possession and Absence
فصل بعدی
Adjectives: Describing Nouns and Agreement
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