B1 noun خنثی #6,500 پرکاربردترین 2 دقیقه مطالعه

劣勢

ressei /ressei/
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Overview

The Japanese word '劣勢' (ressei) directly translates to 'inferiority' or 'a disadvantageous position.' It's a compound word formed from '劣' (retsu), meaning 'inferior' or 'poor,' and '勢' (sei), meaning 'power,' 'force,' or 'momentum.'

'劣勢' is commonly used to describe a situation where one party, team, or individual is at a disadvantage compared to another. This disadvantage can stem from various factors such as numerical inferiority, lack of resources, weaker skills, a less strategic position, or a general lack of power or influence. It implies a state of being weaker, less capable, or in a less favorable condition.

For example, in a military context, '劣勢に立たされる' (ressei ni tatasareru) means 'to be placed in an inferior position' or 'to be at a disadvantage.' In sports, a team that is losing by a large margin might be described as being in '劣勢.' In business, a company struggling against stronger competitors could be in '劣勢.'

While '劣勢' specifically refers to the state of being inferior or disadvantaged, it often carries the implication of a struggle or a difficult challenge to overcome. It suggests that the party in '劣勢' needs to exert extra effort, employ clever strategies, or find innovative solutions to turn the tide. The antonym, '優勢' (yūsei), means 'superiority' or 'advantageous position.' Understanding '劣勢' provides insight into how Japanese language expresses comparative power dynamics and the challenges faced when one is in a less favorable situation.

مثال‌ها

1

劣勢を挽回する。

General Japanese

To retrieve a disadvantageous position.

2

我が軍は劣勢に立たされた。

Military/Warfare

Our army was placed in a disadvantageous position.

3

試合は劣勢のまま続いた。

Sports

The game continued with them being at a disadvantage.

4

彼は劣勢にもかかわらず、最後まで戦い抜いた。

General Japanese

Despite being at a disadvantage, he fought to the very end.

5

劣勢に追い込まれる。

General Japanese

To be driven into a disadvantageous position.

ترکیب‌های رایج

劣勢に立つ
劣勢を挽回する
劣勢を強いられる
劣勢にある

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

劣勢 در مقابل 劣等感 (rettōkan)

Both relate to inferiority, but '劣勢' describes a disadvantageous position or state, while '劣等感' refers to an inferiority complex or a feeling of inferiority. '劣勢' is about a situational disadvantage, often in competition or a struggle, whereas '劣等感' is an internal, emotional state. For example, a team might be in 劣勢 during a game, but an individual might feel 劣等感 about their skills.

نحوه استفاده

نکات کاربردی

The term '劣勢' (ressei) is typically used to describe a state of being inferior, at a disadvantage, or in a weaker position, often in comparison to another entity or situation. It's commonly applied in various contexts, including: * Competition/Sports: 「試合は劣勢だった」 (Shiai wa ressei datta) - The game was disadvantageous (for us). * Business/Strategy: 「交渉を劣勢で進める」 (Kōshō o ressei de susumeru) - To proceed with negotiations from a disadvantageous position. * Military/Conflict: 「敵軍は劣勢に陥った」 (Tekigun wa ressei ni ochītta) - The enemy forces fell into an inferior position. * General Situations: 「我々は劣勢に立たされている」 (Wareware wa ressei ni tatasaserete iru) - We are in a disadvantageous position. It can also be used with verbs like 「劣勢になる」 (ressei ni naru - to become disadvantageous) or 「劣勢を挽回する」 (ressei o bankai suru - to recover from a disadvantageous position). While it conveys a negative state, it doesn't necessarily imply defeat, but rather a challenging or uphill battle.

اشتباهات رایج

One common mistake is confusing 劣勢 (ressei) with 劣悪 (retsuaku), which means inferior, poor quality, or depraved. While both involve 劣 (retsu), 劣悪 specifically refers to the quality or condition of something being bad, whereas 劣勢 refers to a disadvantageous position or state of being inferior in strength, numbers, or influence. For example, you might talk about the 劣悪な環境 (retsuaku na kankyou - poor environment), but you would use 劣勢な状況 (ressei na joukyou - disadvantageous situation). Another potential confusion could be with 劣等 (rettou), which means inferiority or a feeling of inferiority, often used in phrases like 劣等感 (rettoukan - inferiority complex). While related, 劣勢 is more about the objective state of being at a disadvantage, while 劣等 can also refer to a subjective feeling. Remember 劣勢 focuses on the 'position' or 'power dynamic' of being inferior.

نکات

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Usage Contexts

The term '劣勢' (ressei) is used in situations where one side is at a disadvantage, often in competition, conflict, or negotiation. It implies a state of being weaker, less numerous, or having fewer resources compared to an opposing force.

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Common Misconceptions

While '劣勢' denotes an unfavorable position, it doesn't necessarily mean defeat is inevitable. It simply describes the current state. A party in '劣勢' might still win through strategy, luck, or a sudden change in circumstances. It's not as absolute as '敗北' (haiboku - defeat).

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Related Terms and Nuances

Related terms include '不利' (furi - disadvantageous), which is a broader term for any disadvantage. '劣等' (rettou - inferiority, generally referring to quality or ability) is more about inherent characteristics rather than a situational position. '劣勢' specifically focuses on the positional disadvantage in a confrontational or competitive scenario.

ریشه کلمه

From Middle Chinese 劣 (MC lyat, “inferior”) + 勢 (MC sejH, “power, force, momentum”).

بافت فرهنگی

In Japanese culture, the concept of '劣勢' (ressei) often carries significant weight, particularly in contexts emphasizing group harmony, social standing, and competition. There can be a strong cultural inclination to avoid being in a disadvantageous position, as it might lead to a loss of face (メンツ - mentsu) or create an imbalance within a group dynamic. In business, being in '劣勢' can imply a need for strategic maneuvering to regain a favorable position, often through collective effort and perseverance. In personal interactions, it might refer to an individual feeling less confident or capable in a particular situation, which could be downplayed or masked to maintain social equilibrium. The emphasis on hard work and striving for improvement means that being in '劣勢' is often viewed as a temporary state that can be overcome through diligent effort and resilience, rather than a permanent condition.

راهنمای حفظ

The word 劣勢 (ressei) means inferiority or a disadvantageous position. To remember this, think of 劣 (retsu) as 'inferior' or 'poor' and 勢 (sei) as 'power' or 'force'. So, it's like having 'inferior power'. Imagine being in a competition where your team is weaker, you are in a 劣勢 position. You could visualize a sumo wrestler who is clearly smaller and less powerful than their opponent, putting them in a state of 劣勢.

سوالات متداول

4 سوال

The Japanese word for 'Inferiority' or 'a disadvantageous position' is '劣勢' (ressei). This term is commonly used in various contexts to describe a situation where one party, group, or condition is at a disadvantage compared to another. It can refer to a numerical disadvantage, a weaker strategic position, or even an emotional state of feeling inferior. Understanding this nuance is crucial for accurately interpreting Japanese communication in competitive or comparative scenarios. The term carries connotations of being in a less favorable or weaker state, often implying a struggle to overcome the existing circumstances.

The word '劣勢' (ressei) is often used in sentences to describe a state or condition of being at a disadvantage. For example, one might say '敵軍は劣勢にあった' (Tekigun wa ressei ni atta), meaning 'The enemy army was at a disadvantage' or 'The enemy army was in an inferior position.' Another common usage is '劣勢を挽回する' (ressei o bankai suru), which means 'to recover from a disadvantageous position' or 'to turn the tide.' It can also be used metaphorically, such as in business negotiations where one party might be in a '劣勢' position. The context usually clarifies the specific nature of the disadvantage being described, whether it's related to power, numbers, or strategic advantage.

Yes, there are several synonyms and antonyms for '劣勢' (ressei) that can help to understand its full meaning. Synonyms include '不利' (furi), meaning 'disadvantage' or 'handicap,' and '弱勢' (jakusei), which also implies 'weakness' or 'being in a weak position.' These terms often overlap in meaning with '劣勢,' though '劣勢' can specifically highlight the 'inferiority' aspect. As for antonyms, '優勢' (yūsei) is the most direct opposite, meaning 'superiority' or 'a dominant position.' Other antonyms could include '有利' (yūri), meaning 'advantageous,' or '強勢' (kyōsei), meaning 'strong position' or 'strength.' The choice of word depends on the specific nuance one wishes to convey.

'劣勢' (ressei) is most frequently encountered in contexts related to competition, conflict, or comparison. This includes military strategies, sports, business negotiations, and political discourse. For instance, in sports commentary, a team that is losing significantly might be described as being in '劣勢.' In military reports, a force that is outnumbered or outmaneuvered would be considered to be in '劣勢.' Similarly, in economic reports, a company struggling against stronger competitors might be described as being in a '劣勢' position. It is a versatile term used to objectively describe a state of being weaker or at a disadvantage across various competitive landscapes, highlighting the uphill battle faced by the party in question.

خودت رو بسنج

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彼女たちは今日の試合で____ に立たされた。

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
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我々のチームは前半、____ にもかかわらず、後半で逆転勝利を収めた。

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交渉は当初、彼らが____ にあったが、最終的には合意に達した。

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