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A1 noun #3,171 پرکاربردترین 8 دقیقه مطالعه

復習

fukushū رتبه 3,171

تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها 復習 در ۳۰ ثانیه

توضیح 復習 in your Level:

At the A1 level, '復習 (fukushū)' is a vital word because it describes how you should be learning Japanese! You will mostly use it as '復習する' (to review). At this stage, you use it for simple things like 'reviewing kanji' or 'reviewing today's lesson.' It's a 'suru-verb,' which is easy to conjugate. Think of it as your best friend for remembering new words. When your teacher says 'Fukushū shite kudasai,' they are just asking you to look at your notes again tonight. It's a very helpful word for surviving your first Japanese classes.

By A2, you start to see '復習' in more varied sentences. You might use the particle 'no' to describe a 'review of something' (e.g., 'bunpō no fukushū' - grammar review). You also begin to understand the 'Yoshū-Fukushū' (Preview-Review) culture in Japan. You'll hear this word in advice about how to study better. You might also start to notice the difference between 'fukushū' (reviewing knowledge) and 'renshū' (practicing a skill like speaking). It's no longer just a command from a teacher, but a part of your own study routine that you can talk about.

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At the B1 level, you can use '復習' to discuss learning strategies. You might talk about 'fukushū no hōhō' (methods of review) or the importance of 'teiteki na fukushū' (periodic review). You are expected to understand the word in a broader context, such as reviewing the points of a discussion or a set of instructions. You also become aware of synonyms like 'osarai' (going over/recap) and can choose between them based on how formal you want to be. Your vocabulary is growing, and 'fukushū' helps you manage that growth by solidifying what you've already covered.

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At B2, '復習' appears in more abstract and academic contexts. You might read about the psychological benefits of review in relation to memory retention (bōkyaku kyokusen). You'll see it used in complex sentence structures, such as 'Fukushū o okotta koto de, tesuto no ten ga sagatta' (Because I neglected my review, my test scores dropped). You should also be careful not to confuse it with 'rebyū' (critique/review of a product). At this level, you are expected to use the word naturally in business or academic discussions about training and development.

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For C1 learners, '復習' is a tool for nuanced discussion. You might analyze the 'fukushū-shugi' (review-centric) nature of the Japanese education system and its pros and cons. You will encounter the word in specialized literature regarding pedagogy and cognitive science. You can use it metaphorically to describe a society 'reviewing' its history or a company 'reviewing' its foundational principles. Your understanding of the kanji 復 and 習 allows you to connect it to other advanced words like 'fukken' (rehabilitation) or 'shūji' (penmanship/learning characters).

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At the C2 level, '復習' is a word you've mastered so thoroughly that you can use it with perfect precision across all registers. You understand its subtle differences from 'furikaeri' (reflection) in a corporate 'KPT' (Keep, Problem, Try) session. You can engage in high-level debates about the efficacy of 'hanpuku fukushū' (repetitive review) versus 'active recall.' You might even use it in a literary sense, describing a character 'reviewing' their life's choices. The word is no longer a 'study term' but a versatile concept in your sophisticated Japanese vocabulary.

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تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها

復習 در ۳۰ ثانیه

Fukushū means 'review' or 'revision' of learned material.
It is a 'suru-verb' (復習する) used in academic and skill-based contexts.
In Japan, it is paired with 'yoshū' (preview) as a core study habit.
It refers specifically to re-studying, not critiquing a movie or book.

The Japanese word 復習 (ふくしゅう - fukushū) is a foundational term in the realm of education and personal development. At its core, it refers to the act of reviewing or re-studying material that has already been covered. Unlike general 'study' (勉強 - benkyō), which can encompass learning new things, 復習 is specifically retrospective. It is the process of reinforcing knowledge to prevent forgetting, a concept deeply ingrained in the Japanese pedagogical philosophy of 'repetition leads to mastery.'

Etymological Breakdown: The first kanji, 復 (fuku), carries the meaning of 'return,' 'repeat,' or 'again.' The second kanji, 習 (shū), means 'learn' or 'practice' (originally depicting young birds flapping their wings repeatedly to learn flight). Together, they literally mean 'to learn again' or 'to repeat the learning process.'

テストの前に、ノートをしっかり復習してください。
(Tesuto no mae ni, nōto o shikkari fukushū shite kudasai.)
Please review your notes thoroughly before the test.

In a Japanese school setting, 復習 is almost always paired with its counterpart, 予習 (よしゅう - yoshū), which means 'previewing' or 'preparing for a lesson.' Together, they form the 'Yoshū-Fukushū' cycle, which teachers emphasize as the secret to academic success. Students are expected to preview the next day's material and review the current day's material every single evening. This isn't just a suggestion; it is a cultural expectation of a 'good student.'

Usage Contexts: 1. Academic: Reviewing for exams or daily lessons.
2. Skills: Reviewing a piano piece or a sports technique.
3. Business: Reviewing the points of a meeting (though 'furikaeri' is also common here).

昨日のレッスンの復習をしましょう。
(Kinō no ressun no fukushū o shimashō.)
Let's do a review of yesterday's lesson.

Beyond the classroom, 復習 represents a mindset of diligence. It suggests that one does not simply 'finish' a task but returns to it to ensure the quality of understanding. In the context of language learning, 復習 is the difference between short-term cramming and long-term fluency. When a Japanese person says 'Fukushū ga tarinai' (I haven't reviewed enough), they are expressing a specific type of regret—not that they didn't study, but that they didn't solidify what they already tried to learn.

Using 復習 correctly requires understanding its grammatical flexibility as both a noun and a verb. In its simplest form, it acts as a noun that can be the object of a sentence. For example, 'Fukushū wa taisetsu desu' (Reviewing is important). However, its most common role is within the 'suru-verb' construction.

The 'Suru' Construction: To say 'to review,' you attach 'suru' (to do) to 復習.
Example: 漢字を復習する (Kanji o fukushū suru) - To review kanji.

毎日、寝る前に30分間復習しています。
(Mainichi, neru mae ni sanjuppun-kan fukushū shite imasu.)
I review for 30 minutes every day before going to bed.

When you want to specify *what* you are reviewing, you use the particle 'o' (を) to mark the subject matter. If you are describing a 'review of [something],' you use the particle 'no' (の). For instance, 'sūgaku no fukushū' (math review). This is a very natural way to label sections in a notebook or headers in a textbook.

Common Verb Pairings: - 復習を欠かさない (Fukushū o kakasanai) - To never skip review.
- 復習に励む (Fukushū ni hagamu) - To be diligent in reviewing.
- 復習を怠る (Fukushū o otoru) - To neglect one's review.

習ったことをその日のうちに復習するのは効果的だ。
(Naratta koto o sono hi no uchi ni fukushū suru no wa kōkateki da.)
Reviewing what you learned on the same day is effective.

In more advanced usage, 復習 can be used metaphorically. An athlete might 'review' their performance by watching tapes, or a chef might 'review' a recipe they haven't made in years. The essence is always 'returning' to the source of knowledge to ensure it remains sharp and accessible.

If you are in Japan or watching Japanese media, the word 復習 is ubiquitous in any setting involving growth or learning. The most common place is, of course, the classroom. Teachers end almost every lesson with a reminder to review. You will see it written in large characters on the blackboard or as a heading in workbooks.

In Anime and Manga: In 'school life' anime, characters often gather for 'fukushū-kai' (review sessions/study groups) before midterms. It's a trope where the protagonist realizes they've neglected their 復習 and needs the help of the smart character to catch up.

「今日の復習、一緒にやらない？」
(Kyō no fukushū, issho ni yaranai?)
'Want to do today's review together?'

Another common place is in self-help and productivity circles. Japanese YouTube channels focused on 'study-with-me' or 'efficient learning techniques' frequently discuss the 'forgetting curve' (ebinguhausu no bōkyaku kyokusen) and how 復習 is the only way to combat it. They might use terms like 'manki fukushū' (spaced repetition review).

In Business Contexts: While 'reviewing a contract' uses different words (like 'kakunin' or 'kentō'), a seminar leader or a mentor might use 復習 when summarizing the key takeaways of a training session to ensure the employees have internalized the new protocols.

「先週の内容を軽く復習しておきましょう。」
(Senshū no naiyō o karuku fukushū shite okimashō.)
'Let's briefly review last week's content.'

Finally, in the world of martial arts (Dojo) or traditional arts (like tea ceremony), the sensei might instruct students to 復習 the basic forms (kata). Here, it takes on a more physical meaning—repeating the movements until they become second nature.

For English speakers, the primary mistake is a lack of precision. In English, 'review' can mean many things: reviewing a movie, reviewing a legal document, or reviewing for a test. In Japanese, 復習 is *only* for the third one—re-learning material.

Mistake 1: Reviewing a Movie: You cannot use 復習 to mean a 'critique' or 'review' of a film or book. For that, you must use レビュー (rebyū) or 批評 (hihyō).

❌ 映画の復習を書く。
(Eiga no fukushū o kaku.) - Incorrect.
✅ 映画のレビューを書く。
(Eiga no rebyū o kaku.) - Correct.

Another common pitfall is confusing 復習 with 予習 (yoshū). While they are related, they are opposites in timing. If you look at tomorrow's lesson today, it's 予習. If you look at today's lesson tonight, it's 復習. Mixing these up in a classroom setting can lead to confusion when a teacher asks if you've done your 'preparation' vs. your 'review.'

Mistake 2: Confusing with 'Practice' (練習): 練習 (renshū) is for skills and physical actions (piano, soccer, speaking). 復習 (fukushū) is for knowledge and information. While they overlap, you 'fukushū' a grammar rule but 'renshū' speaking the sentence.

単語を復習してから、会話の練習をします。
(Tango o fukushū shite kara, kaiwa no renshū o shimasu.)
After reviewing the vocabulary, I will practice conversation.

Lastly, be careful with the pronunciation. 'Fukushū' (long 'u') means review. 'Fukushū' (different kanji: 復讐) means revenge. While the context usually makes it clear, saying 'I will do my revenge tonight' instead of 'I will do my review tonight' might give your teacher a bit of a scare!

While 復習 is the most standard term for reviewing, Japanese has several synonyms that offer different nuances depending on the formality and the specific nature of the 'review.'

おさらい (Osarai): This is a softer, more colloquial version of 復習. It is often used with children or in arts like dance and music. It feels less like 'studying' and more like 'going over things one more time' to make sure they're right.

「もう一度、最初からおさらいしましょう。」
(Mō ichido, saisho kara osarai shimashō.)
'Let's go over it one more time from the beginning.'

振り返り (Furikaeri): Literally 'looking back.' This is used more for 'reflection.' In a business or project context, a 'furikaeri' is a retrospective where you look at what went well and what didn't. It's less about memorizing facts and more about analyzing experiences.

再確認 (Saikakunin): Meaning 're-confirmation.' Use this when you want to double-check specific facts or data to ensure accuracy, rather than the general process of studying material again.

スケジュールを再確認してください。
(Sukejūru o saikakunin shite kudasai.)
Please re-confirm (review) the schedule.

In academic writing, you might also see 反復 (hanpuku), which means 'repetition.' While 復習 is the activity, 反復 is the mechanism. A textbook might say 'Hanpuku gakushū' (Repetitive learning), emphasizing the act of doing the same thing over and over to achieve mastery.

چقدر رسمی است؟

نکته جالب

The kanji 習 (shū) contains the radical for 'wings' (羽) over 'sun' (日) or 'white' (白), originally depicting a young bird flapping its wings repeatedly in the sun to learn how to fly. This perfectly captures the repetitive nature of 'review.'

راهنمای تلفظ

UK /fuːkuːʃuː/

US /fukuʃu/

Flat (Heiban) pitch accent. The pitch stays relatively level after the first syllable.

هم‌قافیه با

Gakushū (Learning) 연습 (Renshū - Practice) Kyūshū (Absorb) Jishū (Self-study) Shūshū (Collection) Hōshū (Reward) Kōshū (Public) Tōshū (Following)

خطاهای رایج

Pronouncing it as 'Fukushu' (short u) which sounds like 'sub-master' or other words.
Confusing it with 'Fukushū' (revenge) - they sound identical, context is key.
Adding a 'w' sound to 'fuku', making it 'fwuku'.
Making the 'sh' sound too hard like 'ch'.
Stress on the wrong syllable (Japanese is pitch-based, not stress-based).

سطح دشواری

خواندن 2/5

The kanji are common but require some practice to distinguish from similar ones like 'fuku' (clothes).

نوشتن 3/5

The kanji 復 and 習 have many strokes (12 and 11 respectively).

صحبت کردن 1/5

Very easy to say, though pitch accent should be flat.

گوش دادن 2/5

Commonly heard in lessons, but watch out for the 'revenge' homophone.

بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟

پیش‌نیازها

勉強 (Study) 習う (To learn) 教える (To teach) ノート (Notebook) 先生 (Teacher)

بعداً یاد بگیرید

予習 (Preview) 練習 (Practice) 試験 (Exam) 暗記 (Memorization) 理解 (Understanding)

پیشرفته

反復 (Repetition) 習得 (Acquisition) 定着 (Consolidation) 想起 (Recall) 俯瞰 (Overview)

گرامر لازم

Suru-Verbs

復習する (fukushū suru)

Particle 'o' for objects

単語を復習する (tango o fukushū suru)

Particle 'no' for possession/link

数学の復習 (sūgaku no fukushū)

Te-form for requests

復習してください (fukushū shite kudasai)

Potential form for suru-verbs

復習できる (fukushū dekiru)

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مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

毎日、復習します。

I review every day.

Simple present tense of a suru-verb.

漢字の復習は大変です。

Reviewing kanji is hard.

Using 復習 as a noun followed by the particle 'wa'.

これを復習してください。

Please review this.

Te-form + kudasai for a polite request.

昨日のレッスンの復習をしました。

I did a review of yesterday's lesson.

Using 'no' to link 'yesterday's lesson' and 'review'.

復習は大切です。

Review is important.

Noun + wa + adjective (taisetsu).

一緒に復習しましょう。

Let's review together.

Mashō form for 'let's'.

テストの前に復習します。

I review before the test.

'No mae ni' means 'before'.

家で復習してください。

Please review at home.

Particle 'de' marks the location of the action.

新しい単語を復習する時間はありますか？

Is there time to review new vocabulary?

Using a verb to modify a noun (fukushū suru jikan).

復習しないと、すぐに忘れてしまいます。

If you don't review, you'll forget quickly.

Conditional 'nai to' meaning 'if you don't'.

先生は「復習が一番大事だ」と言いました。

The teacher said, 'Reviewing is most important.'

Quotation using 'to iimashita'.

週末に一週間分の復習をします。

On the weekend, I review a week's worth of material.

'Bun' indicates an amount or portion.

復習のおかげで、テストで満点を取れました。

Thanks to the review, I got a perfect score on the test.

'O-kage de' means 'thanks to'.

昨日の復習から始めましょう。

Let's start from yesterday's review.

Particle 'kara' meaning 'from'.

この本は復習にとても役に立ちます。

This book is very useful for review.

'Ni yaku ni tatsu' means 'to be useful for'.

復習するのを忘れました。

I forgot to review.

Nominalizing the verb with 'no' to make it the object of 'forgot'.

効率的な復習の方法を教えてもらえませんか？

Could you tell me an efficient way to review?

Polite request using 'moraemasen ka'.

復習を繰り返すことで、記憶が定着します。

By repeating reviews, memory becomes established.

'Koto de' indicates the means or method.

予習も大切ですが、復習の方がもっと重要です。

Previewing is important, but reviewing is even more crucial.

Comparison using 'no hō ga'.

習ったばかりの内容をすぐに復習するのがコツです。

The trick is to review the content you just learned immediately.

'Bakari' indicates something just happened.

仕事の合間に、学んだ表現を復習しています。

In between work tasks, I review the expressions I've learned.

'Aida ni' indicates 'during' or 'in between'.

復習を怠ると、せっかくの努力が無駄になります。

If you neglect review, your hard-earned efforts will go to waste.

'Sekkaku' emphasizes effort or a rare opportunity.

このアプリは復習のタイミングを知らせてくれます。

This app notifies you of the timing for review.

Giving/receiving verb 'kureru' for a benefit.

彼は復習を欠かさない努力家だ。

He is a hard worker who never misses a review.

Relative clause modifying 'doryokuka' (hard worker).

忘却曲線に基づいた復習スケジュールを立てるべきだ。

One should create a review schedule based on the forgetting curve.

'Ni motozuita' means 'based on'.

基礎の復習を疎かにしてはいけない。

You must not neglect the review of the basics.

'Osoroka ni suru' means to neglect or treat lightly.

今回のセミナーの要点を復習しましょう。

Let's review the main points of this seminar.

'Yōten' means 'main points'.

復習を通じて、自分の弱点が明確になった。

Through review, my own weaknesses became clear.

'Tsūjite' means 'through' or 'via'.

学んだ知識を実戦で復習することが、真の理解につながる。

Reviewing learned knowledge in practice leads to true understanding.

'Tsunagaru' means 'to lead to' or 'connect to'.

定期的な復習がなければ、知識は風化してしまう。

Without regular review, knowledge will wither away (efface).

'Fūka suru' is a sophisticated verb for 'weathering' or 'fading'.

復習の時間を確保するのは、社会人にとって難しい課題だ。

Securing time for review is a difficult challenge for working adults.

'Kakuho suru' means to secure or ensure.

単なる丸暗記ではなく、理解を伴う復習が必要だ。

Not just rote memorization, but review accompanied by understanding is necessary.

'Tomonau' means 'to accompany' or 'involve'.

日本の教育現場では、予習よりも復習に重きを置く傾向がある。

In Japanese educational settings, there is a tendency to place more weight on review than on previewing.

'Omoki o oku' is an idiom meaning 'to place importance on'.

過去の判例を復習し、今回の訴訟に備える。

Review past judicial precedents to prepare for this lawsuit.

'Hanrei' (precedent) and 'sosho' (lawsuit) are C1-level terms.

理論の妥当性を検証するために、先行研究を復習する。

Review previous research to verify the validity of the theory.

'Datōsei' (validity) and 'senkō kenkyū' (previous research).

語学学習において、復習の頻度と質が習得速度を左右する。

In language learning, the frequency and quality of review determine the speed of acquisition.

'Sayū suru' means 'to influence' or 'govern'.

長年のブランクがあるため、基礎から復習し直す必要がある。

Because there has been a long gap, it is necessary to re-review from the basics.

'Buranku' refers to a gap in time or practice.

この論文は、既存の学説を批判的に復習している。

This paper critically reviews existing theories.

'Hihyōteki ni' means 'critically'.

復習というプロセスは、単なる反復を超えたメタ認知的な活動である。

The process called review is a metacognitive activity that goes beyond mere repetition.

'Meta-ninchi' (metacognition) is an advanced concept.

彼は引退後、かつての栄光を復習するかのように日記を読み返した。

After retiring, he reread his diary as if to review his past glory.

Metaphorical use of 'fukushū' for reflecting on life.

知の体系を再構築する過程において、古典の復習は不可避である。

In the process of reconstructing a system of knowledge, a review of the classics is inevitable.

'Taikei' (system) and 'fukahi' (inevitable) are highly formal.

本稿では、ポスト構造主義の文脈における『復習』の概念を再定義する。

This paper redefines the concept of 'review' within the context of post-structuralism.

Academic register using 'honkō' (this paper).

忘却という忘却に抗うための、永劫回帰的な復習の営み。

An eternal, recursive labor of review to resist the oblivion of forgetting.

Poetic/Philosophical use of 'eigō kaiki' (eternal return).

技術革新が加速する現代において、スキルの復習とアップデートは生存戦略である。

In the modern era where technological innovation is accelerating, the review and updating of skills is a survival strategy.

'Seizon senryaku' (survival strategy).

暗黙知を形式知へと変換する際、経験の復習が触媒となる。

When converting tacit knowledge into explicit knowledge, the review of experience acts as a catalyst.

'Anmoku-chi' (tacit knowledge) and 'shokubai' (catalyst).

歴史の復習を怠る民族は、同じ過ちを繰り返す運命にある。

A people who neglect the review of history are destined to repeat the same mistakes.

A formal, prophetic tone.

自己のアイデンティティを確立するため、幼少期の記憶を精神分析的に復習する。

To establish one's identity, one psychoanalytically reviews childhood memories.

'Seishin bunsekiteki' (psychoanalytically).

情報の洪水の中で、真に価値あるものを選別し復習する洞察力が求められている。

In a flood of information, the insight to select and review what is truly valuable is required.

'Dōsatsuryoku' (insight/discernment).

مترادف‌ها

おさらい見直し反復学習再確認温習

متضادها

予習忘却

ترکیب‌های رایج

復習を欠かさない

徹底的に復習する

復習に励む

復習が足りない

復習の時間を設ける

要点を復習する

復習を怠る

復習用ノート

復習テスト

さらっと復習する

عبارات رایج

復習を兼ねて

— Doing something partly for the purpose of review.

復習を兼ねて、もう一度説明します。

復習は力なり

— Review is power (persistence pays off).

「復習は力なり」をモットーに勉強する。

復習の鬼

— Someone who reviews with extreme intensity.

彼はクラスで「復習の鬼」と呼ばれている。

反復復習

— Repetitive review (doing it over and over).

反復復習が記憶の鍵だ。

復習の習慣

— The habit of reviewing.

子供に復習の習慣をつけさせる。

復習の余地

— Room for review (areas that still need work).

まだ復習の余地がある。

重点的に復習する

— Reviewing with a focus on specific points.

苦手な科目を重点的に復習する。

復習範囲

— The range or scope of the review.

今日の復習範囲はここまでです。

復習会

— A review session or study group.

放課後に復習会を開く。

復習主義

— An ideology or approach centered on review.

あの塾は徹底した復習主義だ。

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

復習 vs 復讐 (Fukushū)

Same pronunciation, but means 'revenge'. Use context to distinguish.

復習 vs 練習 (Renshū)

Means 'practice'. Practice is for skills, review is for knowledge.

復習 vs 予習 (Yoshū)

Means 'preview'. Review is after the lesson, preview is before.

اصطلاحات و عبارات

"二の舞を演じないための復習"

— Reviewing so as not to repeat the same mistake (not to dance the second dance).

失敗の二の舞を演じないための復習をする。

Formal

"鉄は熱いうちに打て（復習の文脈で）"

— Strike while the iron is hot (review while the memory is fresh).

鉄は熱いうちに打てと言うし、今すぐ復習しよう。

Colloquial

"目を通す"

— To look over (a light form of review).

資料に軽く目を通しておいてください。

Neutral

"身につく"

— To become part of one's body (to master something through review).

復習して、知識を身につける。

Neutral

"おさらいをする"

— To go over the basics again.

基本のおさらいをしましょう。

Neutral

"初心忘るべからず"

— Don't forget your original intention (used when reviewing basic principles).

初心忘るべからず、基本を復習する。

Literary

"腹に落とす"

— To drop into the stomach (to fully digest/understand through review).

復習して、ようやく内容が腹に落ちた。

Informal

"血肉にする"

— To make something part of your blood and flesh (deep mastery).

学んだことを復習して血肉にする。

Formal

"一事が万事"

— One thing is everything (neglecting one review leads to neglecting all).

一事が万事だ。今日の復習もサボるな。

Formal

"石の上にも三年"

— Three years on a stone (patience and repetition lead to success).

石の上にも三年、復習を続けよう。

Literary

به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

復習 vs 勉強 (Benkyō)

Both mean studying.

Benkyō is general. Fukushū is specifically studying what you already learned.

今日は3時間勉強した。そのうち1時間は復習だった。

復習 vs レビュー (Rebyū)

English 'review' covers both.

Rebyū is for critiques of movies/books or business performance reviews.

アマゾンで商品のレビューを読む。

復習 vs 見直し (Minaoshi)

Both involve looking at something again.

Minaoshi is often about checking for mistakes or re-evaluating a plan.

テストが終わる前に、答えを見直す。

復習 vs おさらい (Osarai)

Very similar meaning.

Osarai is more colloquial and common in traditional arts or with kids.

ピアノの先生とおさらいをする。

復習 vs 振り返り (Furikaeri)

Both look at the past.

Furikaeri is more about reflection and analysis of experiences.

一日の終わりに振り返りをする。

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

[Noun] を復習する

単語を復習する。

[Time] に復習する

週末に復習する。

復習するのが [Adjective] だ

復習するのが大切だ。

復習を通じて [Result]

復習を通じて理解が深まった。

復習に重きを置く

復習に重きを置く学習法。

[Noun] の復習

レッスンの復習。

復習してから [Verb]

復習してから寝る。

復習を怠ると [Consequence]

復習を怠ると忘れる。

خانواده کلمه

اسم‌ها

復習 (Review)

復習者 (Reviewer)

復習物 (Review material)

فعل‌ها

復習する (To review)

復習し直す (To re-review)

صفت‌ها

復習的な (Review-like/Retrospective)

مرتبط

予習 (Preview)

練習 (Practice)

自習 (Self-study)

学習 (Learning)

講習 (Short course)

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نحوه استفاده

frequency

Extremely high in educational and self-improvement contexts.

اشتباهات رایج

Using 復習 for movie reviews. → 映画のレビュー (Eiga no rebyū)
復習 is strictly for academic or skill-based re-learning. 'Review' in a journalistic sense is 'rebyū'.
Confusing 復習 (review) with 予習 (preview). → Use 復習 for *after* the lesson.
Many beginners mix these up. Remember: Fuku = Back (Past), Yo = Ahead (Future).
Pronouncing it as 'Fukushū' with a rising pitch like English stress. → Use a flat pitch accent.
Japanese pitch accent is crucial. A flat pitch is standard for 復習.
Using 復習 when you mean 'practice' a skill. → 練習する (Renshū suru)
You 'fukushū' the theory, but you 'renshū' the application (like speaking or playing an instrument).
Writing 復 with the 'clothes' radical. → Use 'gyō-nin-ben' (彳).
The left side of 復 is 彳, not 衤. This is a common kanji writing error.

نکات

The 24-Hour Rule

In Japan, it's widely believed that you must do your 復習 within 24 hours of learning something to move it to long-term memory.

Suru-Verb Power

Remember that 復習 is a noun. Adding 'suru' makes it the action. This is a common pattern for many Japanese study words.

Watch the Vowel

Don't clip the ending. It's 'fukushūuu', not 'fukushu'. The long vowel is essential for correct Japanese rhythm.

Yoshū-Fukushū

To sound like a pro student, mention that you are doing both 'yoshū' (preview) and 'fukushū'. Teachers will love it.

Osarai vs Fukushū

Use 'osarai' if you're talking to a child or in a dance class. It sounds much friendlier and less like a chore.

Kanji Practice

Practice writing 習 by thinking of the 'wings' radical on top. It helps you remember the meaning: repeating until you can fly.

Context is King

If you hear 'fukushū' and 'shite kudasai', assume it's 'review'. The 'revenge' version is rarely used as a command in polite society!

Focus on Mistakes

The best 復習 focuses on the things you got wrong. Japanese students often keep a 'mistake notebook' (machigai nōto) for this.

Return to Learn

Fuku = Return. Shū = Learn. Return to learn = Review. Simple and effective.

Don't skip it!

In Japanese culture, skipping 復習 is seen as a lack of sincerity (seishitsu) toward your goals.

حفظ کنید

روش یادسپاری

Think of 'Fuku' as 'Full' and 'Shū' as 'Shoe'. To get the 'Full' benefit of your new 'Shoes' (knowledge), you have to 'Review' how to walk in them.

تداعی تصویری

Imagine a student walking backwards ('Fuku' - return) over their own footprints to make them deeper and clearer.

شبکه واژگان

School Memory Test Notes Teacher Homework Kanji Repetition

چالش

Try to use the word '復習' in a sentence about your favorite hobby. For example: 'Gitaa no fukushū o shimasu' (I will review my guitar practice).

ریشه کلمه

Derived from Middle Chinese (Sino-Japanese roots). The word has been used in Japan for centuries to describe the classical method of learning through repetition of texts.

معنای اصلی: To return to the master's teachings and practice them again.

Sino-Japanese (Kango)

بافت فرهنگی

Be careful not to confuse 'Fukushū' (review) with 'Fukushū' (revenge) in writing, as the latter is a very dark and aggressive word.

In the West, 'review' is often seen as something done only before exams. In Japan, it's a daily ritual.

The 'Forgeting Curve' theory by Hermann Ebbinghaus is frequently cited in Japanese 'Fukushū' guides. The anime 'Assassination Classroom' often features students doing intense 'Fukushū' to improve their grades. Popular study apps in Japan like 'Mikan' or 'iKnow' are built entirely around the 'Fukushū' principle.

تمرین در زندگی واقعی

موقعیت‌های واقعی

At School

復習テストがある
宿題で復習する
先生に復習を促される
教科書を復習する

Language Learning

単語を復習する
文法を復習する
アプリで復習する
毎日復習する

Music/Sports Lessons

基本の復習
型を復習する
前回の復習
おさらいをする

Exam Preparation

過去問を復習する
間違えた問題を復習する
徹底的に復習する
復習範囲を確認する

Business Seminars

要点を復習する
資料で復習する
学んだことを復習する
後で復習する

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

"今日のレッスンの復習、もうやった？ (Have you already done the review for today's lesson?)"

"効率的な復習の方法って何かある？ (Do you have any efficient methods for reviewing?)"

"テストの前にどのくらい復習する？ (How much do you review before a test?)"

"漢字の復習は毎日しないと忘れちゃうよね。 (If you don't review kanji every day, you forget them, right?)"

"昨日の復習から始めませんか？ (Shall we start from yesterday's review?)"

موضوعات نگارش

今日学んだ新しい言葉を3つ選んで、ここで復習してください。 (Choose 3 new words you learned today and review them here.)

復習の習慣についてどう思いますか？ (What do you think about the habit of reviewing?)

一番効果的だった復習の方法を書いてください。 (Write about the most effective review method you've used.)

もし復習をしなかったら、あなたの日本語はどうなると思いますか？ (If you didn't review, what do you think would happen to your Japanese?)

今週の学習内容を簡単に復習してみましょう。 (Let's briefly review this week's learning content.)

سوالات متداول

10 سوال

While most common in schools, anyone learning a new skill (like a language, instrument, or software) uses 'fukushū'. It's a general term for reinforcing knowledge.

You can say 'Fukushū shinakereba narimasen' (formal) or 'Fukushū shinakya' (casual).

No. For a book review or critique, use 'shohyō' (書評) or 'rebyū' (レビュー).

Use 'fukushū' for facts and information (like history or grammar). Use 'renshū' for skills and actions (like sports or speaking).

Japanese teachers recommend 'sono hi no uchi ni' (within the same day) for the best results.

It is a neutral, standard word. To make it more polite, you can add 'go-' (gofukushū).

It's a small quiz given at the start of a lesson to check if students remember the previous lesson's material.

You can use it to mean 'reviewing the points discussed,' but 'furikaeri' or 'kakunin' is more common in business.

Not necessarily. It's a proactive measure to *prevent* forgetting, rather than a reaction to having already forgotten.

It is written as 復習. Be careful with the 12-stroke 復 and the 11-stroke 習.

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