嫉妬する در ۳۰ ثانیه
- 嫉妬する (shitto suru) means to be jealous or envious.
- It's used when someone desires what another has or resents their success.
- Commonly used in personal relationships, media, and daily conversations.
- Be careful not to confuse it with the milder 羨ましい (urayamashii).
- Core Meaning
- The Japanese verb 嫉妬する (shitto suru) translates directly to 'to be jealous' or 'to be envious' in English. It describes the feeling of resentment or unhappiness that arises when someone else possesses something desirable that you want for yourself, or when someone else receives recognition or success that you feel you deserve or wish you had.
- Nuances
- While 'jealousy' and 'envy' are often used interchangeably in English, 嫉妬する can encompass both. It can refer to the feeling of wanting what someone else has (envy) or the feeling of insecurity and fear of losing something you have to a rival (jealousy). The context usually clarifies which shade of meaning is intended.
- Situations of Use
- You might hear 嫉妬する in various social interactions. It can be used to describe feelings about:
- Relationships: Feeling jealous of a partner's attention towards someone else, or envious of a friend's successful relationship.
- Possessions: Being envious of a colleague's new car, a neighbor's beautiful house, or someone's expensive gadgets.
- Achievements and Success: Feeling envious of someone's promotion at work, their academic achievements, or their recognition in a hobby.
- Talents and Abilities: Being envious of someone's natural talent in music, art, or sports.
She felt jealous of her friend's success. 彼女は友達の成功を嫉妬した.
He is envious of his brother's talent. 彼は兄の才能を嫉妬している.
- Cultural Context
- In Japanese culture, openly expressing negative emotions like jealousy or envy is often discouraged. While the feeling exists, people might be more subtle in how they express it or might internalize it more than in some Western cultures. Therefore, understanding the nuances of 嫉妬する can provide insight into interpersonal dynamics.
Don't be envious of others' possessions. 他人の持ち物を嫉妬しないでください.
- Verb Conjugation
- 嫉妬する is a する-verb (suru-verb), meaning it conjugates like other verbs ending in する. Common forms include 嫉妬する (dictionary form), 嫉妬します (polite present), 嫉妬した (past), 嫉妬しています (present continuous), and 嫉妬しない (negative). This makes it relatively straightforward to use in different tenses and moods.
Mastering 嫉妬する involves understanding its grammatical structure and common sentence patterns. As a する-verb, it takes an object, typically marked by the particle を (o), indicating what is the source of the jealousy or envy. The subject of the sentence is usually marked by が (ga) or は (wa).
- Basic Structure
- Subject (が/は) + Object (を) + 嫉妬する (conjugated form).
The child is jealous of his sister's toy. 子供は妹のおもちゃを嫉妬している.
- Expressing Past Feelings
- To talk about past feelings of jealousy or envy, use the past tense form 嫉妬した (shitto shita) or 嫉妬しました (shitto shimashita).
I was jealous of his confidence. 私は彼の自信を嫉妬した.
- Negative Sentences
- To state that someone does not feel jealous or envious, use the negative form 嫉妬しない (shitto shinai) or 嫉妬しません (shitto shimasen).
She doesn't envy our lifestyle. 彼女は私たちの生活を嫉妬しない.
- Using with Adverbs
- Adverbs can be added to modify the intensity or manner of the feeling.
He secretly envies her success. 彼は密かに彼女の成功を嫉妬している.
- Expressing the State of Being
- The continuous form 嫉妬している (shitto shite iru) or 嫉妬しています (shitto shite imasu) is used to describe the ongoing state of feeling jealous or envious.
She is envious of his new car. 彼女は彼の新しい車を嫉妬している.
- Using with Verbs of Perception/Emotion
- Sometimes, 嫉妬する can be used in conjunction with verbs that describe noticing or feeling something.
I felt jealous seeing them together. 彼らが一緒にいるのを見て、嫉妬を感じた.
- Conditional Usage
- The verb can be used in conditional clauses (e.g., using たら 'if/when').
If you envy his position, you should work harder. もし彼の地位を嫉妬するなら、もっと一生懸命働くべきだ.
The verb 嫉妬する is frequently encountered in everyday conversations, media, and literature, reflecting common human emotions. Understanding these contexts helps learners grasp its practical usage.
- Social Media and Online Forums
- On platforms like Twitter, blogs, or forums, people often express their feelings about others' lives. You might see comments like: 「あの人の投稿を見て嫉妬しちゃった！」 (Ano hito no tōkō o mite shittō shichatta! - "I got jealous seeing that person's post!"). This informal usage, often with ちゃった (chatta), indicates a spontaneous or slightly regretful feeling.
I was jealous of her vacation photos. 彼女の旅行写真を見て嫉妬しました.
- Dramas and Movies
- Japanese television dramas and films often feature characters experiencing jealousy or envy, especially in romantic or competitive situations. A character might say to another, 「私のことを嫉妬しているの？」 (Watashi no koto o shittō shite iru no? - "Are you jealous of me?"), or confess, 「彼の成功を嫉妬していた時期がありました。」 (Kare no seikō o shittō shite ita jiki ga arimashita. - "There was a time when I was envious of his success.").
He feels jealous of my promotion. 彼は私の昇進を嫉妬している.
- Literature and Novels
- In novels, authors use 嫉妬する to add depth to character development and plot. Descriptions of internal monologues or character interactions might reveal feelings of envy towards rivals, or jealousy within love triangles. For instance, a passage might read: 「彼女は、同僚の恵まれた境遇を静かに嫉妬していた。」 (Kanojo wa, dōryō no megumareta kyōgū o shizuka ni shittō shite ita. - "She quietly envied her colleague's fortunate circumstances.").
- Workplace and Academic Settings
- While direct confrontation is rare, subtle expressions of jealousy or envy can surface. Colleagues might gossip about someone getting preferential treatment, or students might feel envious of classmates who consistently achieve high scores. A teacher might observe, 「生徒たちが互いの成績を嫉妬し合っているようだ。」 (Seito-tachi ga tagai no seiseki o shittō shi atte iru yō da. - "It seems the students are envying each other's grades.").
He envies my ability to speak Japanese fluently. 彼は私の日本語が流暢に話せる能力を嫉妬している.
- Personal Relationships
- Among friends and family, feelings of jealousy and envy are common. A friend might confide, 「あなたの新しい家、すごく羨ましい！いや、嫉妬してるのかも。」 (Anata no atarashii ie, sugoku urayamashii! Iya, shittō shiteru no kamo. - "Your new house is so enviable! No, maybe I'm jealous."). Note the use of 羨ましい (urayamashii - enviable) as a softer alternative or precursor to jealousy.
- Everyday Speech
- In casual conversations, people might use it to describe mild envy. For example, someone might say, 「彼の持ってる最新のガジェット、ちょっと嫉妬しちゃうな。」 (Kare no motte'ru saishin no gajetto, chotto shittō shichau na. - "I can't help but feel a little jealous of the latest gadget he has."). The addition of ちょっと (chotto - a little) and ちゃう (chau - informal contraction of てしまう) softens the expression.
Learners of Japanese may encounter a few common mistakes when using 嫉妬する. Understanding these can help you communicate more accurately and naturally.
- Confusing 嫉妬する with 羨ましい (Urayamashii)
- While both relate to wanting what others have, 羨ましい (enviable) is generally a milder, more positive feeling. It expresses admiration and a desire to have something similar, without necessarily the negative undertones of resentment or bitterness associated with 嫉妬する. Using 嫉妬する when you simply mean something is desirable can sound overly negative or even aggressive.
Mistake: I am jealous of your new car. (when you just mean it's nice) 私はあなたの新しい車を嫉妬しています。
Correct: Your new car is enviable! あなたの新しい車、羨ましいです！
- Incorrect Particle Usage
- The most common and correct particle to mark the object of jealousy or envy is を (o). Using other particles like が (ga) or に (ni) in place of を can lead to grammatical errors and make the sentence sound unnatural.
Mistake: He is jealous of my success. 彼は私の成功に嫉妬している。
Correct: He is jealous of my success. 彼は私の成功を嫉妬している。
- Overusing 嫉妬する in Formal Situations
- While 嫉妬する is a standard verb, directly stating one's jealousy or envy, especially in a formal or professional setting, can be considered impolite or unprofessional in Japanese culture. It's often better to express such feelings indirectly or to use softer terms if necessary.
Inappropriate: I am jealous of your promotion. (in a formal meeting) あなたの昇進を嫉妬しています。
More Appropriate (if needed): I admire your achievement. あなたの達成を称賛します。
- Using it for Self-Deprecation
- Sometimes, learners might use 嫉妬する in a self-deprecating way that doesn't quite fit. For instance, saying 「私は嫉妬する人間です」 (Watashi wa shittō suru ningen desu - "I am a jealous person") might be too direct and negative. It's often more natural to describe the feeling in a specific situation.
Less Natural: I am a jealous person. 私は嫉妬する人間です。
More Natural: I tend to get jealous easily. 私はすぐに嫉妬してしまう方です。
- Ignoring the Nuance of 'Suru' Verbs
- As a する-verb, 嫉妬する can be conjugated in various ways. Forgetting to conjugate it properly (e.g., using the dictionary form 嫉妬する instead of 嫉妬しました) in past or polite contexts is a common error.
Mistake: Yesterday, I jealous of his skill. 昨日、私は彼のスキルを嫉妬する。
Correct: Yesterday, I was jealous of his skill. 昨日、私は彼のスキルを嫉妬しました。
Understanding 嫉妬する also involves knowing words with similar meanings and how they differ. This helps in choosing the most appropriate word for a given situation.
- 羨ましい (Urayamashii) - Enviable/I wish I had
- Comparison: This is perhaps the most common alternative and often used where English speakers might say 'I'm jealous' but mean 'I wish I had that.' 羨ましい describes a desire for something someone else possesses, without the negative emotional baggage of resentment or bitterness that 嫉妬する often carries. It's generally a milder and more positive sentiment. Usage Example: 「あなたの新しい車、本当に羨ましい！」 (Anata no atarashii kuruma, hontō ni urayamashii! - "Your new car is truly enviable!") vs. 「彼の新しい車を嫉妬している。」 (Kare no atarashii kuruma o shittō shite iru. - "He is jealous of his new car.") - the latter implies a more negative feeling, perhaps dislike for the owner. Register: 羨ましい is common in both casual and polite speech. 嫉妬する can be more intense and less appropriate in very formal settings.
- 妬む (Netamu) - To be jealous/envious
- Comparison: 妬む is a verb that also means 'to be jealous' or 'to be envious'. It is often considered a more direct or stronger expression of jealousy than 嫉妬する. While 嫉妬する is a する-verb derived from the noun 嫉妬 (shitto), 妬む is a godan verb. They are largely interchangeable in many contexts, but 妬む might carry a slightly sharper or more active sense of malice or resentment. Usage Example: 「彼は友人の成功を妬んでいる。」 (Kare wa yūjin no seikō o netande iru. - "He is envious of his friend's success.") This sounds similar to using 嫉妬する. Register: Both 妬む and 嫉妬する can be used in various registers, but 嫉妬する might be slightly more common in everyday conversation due to its noun-verb form.
- 僻む (Hekamu) - To be envious/grumpy/resentful
- Comparison: 僻む carries a stronger sense of resentment, grumpiness, and ill-will towards someone else's good fortune. It implies a tendency to feel bitter or to find fault because of envy. It's less about simply wanting what someone else has and more about feeling personally slighted or wronged by their success. Usage Example: 「成功した人を僻むのはやめなさい。」 (Seikō shita hito o hekamu no wa yame nasai. - "Stop being resentful of successful people.") This is stronger than just being envious. Register: 僻む often implies a more negative character trait and can sound quite critical.
- 嫉望 (Shitsubō) - Envy/Jealousy (noun)
- Comparison: 嫉望 is the noun form related to 嫉妬する and 妬む. It refers to the emotion itself. While 嫉妬する is the verb 'to feel jealous', 嫉望 is 'jealousy' or 'envy'. It's often used in more formal or literary contexts. Usage Example: 「彼は嫉望のあまり、友人を陥れようとした。」 (Kare wa shitsubō no amari, yūjin o otoshiireyō to shita. - "Driven by envy, he tried to ruin his friend.") Register: More formal and less common in casual conversation than 嫉妬する.
- Competitiveness
- Comparison: While not direct synonyms, feelings of jealousy and envy can stem from or lead to competitiveness. Words related to competition, like 競争心 (kyōsōshin - competitiveness) or 負けず嫌い (makezu girai - a strong desire to win/not lose), might be relevant in contexts where 嫉妬する arises. Usage Example: 「彼女には負けたくないという気持ちが、嫉妬につながった。」 (Kanojo ni wa maketakunai to iu kimochi ga, shittō ni tsunagatta. - "The feeling of not wanting to lose to her led to jealousy.") Register: Varies depending on the specific word used.
چقدر رسمی است؟
نکته جالب
The character 嫉 (shitsu) is composed of the radical 女 (woman) and the phonetic component 妯 (zhóu), which originally referred to a sister-in-law but came to signify jealousy, possibly reflecting historical societal views or literary tropes involving female rivalry. The character 妬 (to) is composed of the radical 火 (fire) and the phonetic component 丗 (shì), suggesting a 'burning' or 'fiery' emotion, which aligns with the intensity of jealousy.
راهنمای تلفظ
- Pronouncing the double 't' as a single 't'.
- Over-emphasizing the final 'u' in 'suru'.
- Confusing the 'shi' sound with 'shee'.
سطح دشواری
Recognizing 嫉妬する in text is generally straightforward once the meaning is understood. Its usage in B1-level texts is common. Advanced texts might use it in more nuanced or figurative ways, requiring a deeper understanding of context and related vocabulary.
Using 嫉妬する correctly in writing requires understanding its grammatical patterns (especially the particle を) and its appropriate register. Overuse or misuse, particularly confusing it with 羨ましい, can be a common writing error for learners.
Speaking the word is easy, but using it naturally in conversation depends on mastering its nuances and register. Learners might hesitate to use it directly due to its negative connotations, opting for softer alternatives.
Hearing 嫉妬する in spoken Japanese is common in dramas, movies, and casual conversations. Distinguishing it from similar words like 羨ましい requires attention to the overall tone and context.
بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟
پیشنیازها
بعداً یاد بگیرید
پیشرفته
گرامر لازم
Using the particle を (o) to mark the object of verbs like 嫉妬する.
彼は彼女の才能を嫉妬している。(He is jealous of her talent.)
Conjugation of する-verbs (e.g., 嫉妬する conjugates like する).
嫉妬する (dictionary), 嫉妬します (polite), 嫉妬した (past), 嫉妬している (present continuous).
Using 〜ないようにする (nai yō ni suru) to express 'try not to...'.
嫉妬しないように努めている。(I am trying not to be jealous.)
Using 〜わけではない (wake de wa nai) to negate a statement.
彼の成功を嫉妬しているわけではない。(It's not that I am jealous of his success.)
Using 〜に違いない (ni chigainai) to express strong assumption.
彼女は僕の新しい車を嫉妬しているに違いない。(She must be jealous of my new car.)
مثالها بر اساس سطح
猫が羨ましい。
I envy the cat.
羨ましい is an adjective describing the cat.
あの人、すごいね。
That person is amazing.
A general statement of admiration, not necessarily jealousy.
私も欲しい。
I want it too.
Expresses desire.
友達のケーキ、美味しそう。
My friend's cake looks delicious.
Focuses on the food, not necessarily envy.
あの服、いいね。
That outfit is nice.
Simple appreciation.
彼女はきれいだ。
She is beautiful.
A compliment.
彼の家、大きい。
His house is big.
Observation of size.
いいな。
Nice.
A general expression of approval or mild envy.
彼は私の新しい自転車を羨ましがっている。
He is envious of my new bicycle.
羨ましがる is the verb form of 羨ましい.
彼女は友達の成功を少し嫉妬した。
She was a little jealous of her friend's success.
嫉妬した is the past tense. 少し (sukoshi) softens it.
そのおもちゃ、私も欲しいな。
I want that toy too.
Expresses desire, similar to envy.
彼の話を聞いて、羨ましいと思った。
Hearing his story, I felt envious.
羨ましい as an adjective within a sentence.
同僚の昇進を嫉妬しないようにしている。
I am trying not to be jealous of my colleague's promotion.
Negative form of 嫉妬する.
あの人の才能は羨ましい。
That person's talent is enviable.
羨ましい describing talent.
彼女はいつも私を嫉妬している。
She is always jealous of me.
Present continuous tense.
彼の持っているものは何でも羨ましい。
Anything he has is enviable.
General statement of envy.
彼女は、彼の新しい仕事の成功を嫉妬していた。
She was jealous of the success of his new job.
Focuses on the object of jealousy (success of the job).
競争相手の技術を妬むのは時間の無駄だ。
Being envious of your competitor's skills is a waste of time.
妬む is used here, emphasizing the negative aspect.
彼の才能を素直に羨ましいと思う。
I honestly feel envious of his talent.
素直に (sunao ni - honestly) adds sincerity.
嫉妬心が芽生えないように注意している。
I am careful not to let feelings of jealousy sprout.
嫉妬心 (shittōshin) is the noun form 'jealousy'.
友人の結婚を嫉妬するわけではないが、少し寂しい。
It's not that I'm jealous of my friend's marriage, but I feel a little lonely.
Expresses a complex mix of emotions.
彼は、私が成功するのを嫉妬していると噂されている。
It is rumored that he is jealous of my success.
Passive voice and indirect reporting.
どんなに努力しても、彼の才能は羨ましい。
No matter how much I try, his talent is enviable.
Contrast between effort and innate talent.
彼女は、私が新しい車を買ったことを嫉妬しているに違いない。
She must be jealous that I bought a new car.
に違いない (ni chigainai - must be) expresses strong assumption.
他人の幸福を嫉妬するような人間にはなりたくない。
I don't want to become a person who is jealous of others' happiness.
Expresses a desire to avoid a negative trait.
彼女は、彼の長年の努力が実を結んだことを素直に羨ましいと感じている。
She genuinely feels envious of the fact that his years of effort have borne fruit.
素直に (sunao ni - genuinely/frankly) emphasizes the sincerity of the feeling.
嫉妬心は時に人を狂わせるほどの力を持つ。
Jealousy sometimes has the power to drive people mad.
嫉妬心 is used as the subject, highlighting its power.
彼の成功を妬む声もあったが、多くの人は彼の努力を称賛した。
There were voices envious of his success, but many people praised his efforts.
妬む is used to describe the envious voices.
友人の才能に嫉妬するのではなく、そこから学びたい。
Instead of being jealous of my friend's talent, I want to learn from it.
Contrasts negative jealousy with a positive learning attitude.
彼女は、自分が得られなかった機会を他の人が得ていることに僻んでいた。
She was resentful that other people were getting opportunities she couldn't obtain.
僻んでいた (hekamu - to be resentful) shows a stronger, more bitter emotion.
嫉妬は人間関係を破壊する毒になりうる。
Jealousy can become a poison that destroys relationships.
Metaphorical use of jealousy as poison.
彼の最新の作品は、多くの批評家から羨望の的となった。
His latest work became an object of envy for many critics.
羨望 (senbō) is a more formal noun for envy/admiration.
他者の成功を純粋に祝福できない自分に、彼は深い自己嫌悪と嫉妬を感じていた。
He felt deep self-loathing and jealousy towards himself for not being able to purely celebrate others' successes.
Combines self-loathing with jealousy, indicating complex internal conflict.
その画家は、同時代のライバルの革新的な技法に密かに嫉妬しつつも、自身の芸術的探求を続けた。
The painter, while secretly jealous of his contemporary rival's innovative techniques, continued his own artistic exploration.
密かに (hisoka ni - secretly) adds nuance; 嫉妬しつつも (shittō shi tsutsu mo - while being jealous) shows simultaneous feelings.
成功への渇望と、他者のそれを羨む気持ちの間で揺れ動くのは、多くの野心家が経験する苦悩である。
Fluctuating between the thirst for success and the feeling of envying that of others is a torment experienced by many ambitious individuals.
揺れ動く (yureugoku - to fluctuate/sway) describes the emotional state; 渇望 (katsubō - thirst/craving) and 苦悩 (kunō - torment/suffering) add depth.
彼女の周りには常に賞賛の声があったが、その裏には、彼女の恵まれた境遇を妬む匿名の批判も存在していた。
Although there were always voices of praise around her, behind them existed anonymous criticism, envious of her fortunate circumstances.
恵まれた境遇 (megumareta kyōgū - fortunate circumstances); 妬む (netamu) used for envious criticism.
真の友情とは、相手の成功を自分のことのように喜び、決して嫉妬や羨望の念に囚われない関係性を指す。
True friendship refers to a relationship where one rejoices in the other's success as if it were their own, and is never captured by feelings of jealousy or envy.
囚われない (toraware nai - not captured by) emphasizes freedom from negative emotions.
彼は、自分が築き上げた地位を失うことへの恐怖から、後輩の台頭を嫉妬の目で見ていた。
He viewed the rise of his juniors with jealous eyes, out of fear of losing the position he had built.
台頭 (taitō - rise/emergence); 嫉妬の目 (shittō no me - eyes of jealousy).
ある種の芸術作品は、鑑賞者の内に眠る嫉妬心や劣等感を刺激する力を持っている。
Certain works of art possess the power to stimulate the dormant jealousy and inferiority complexes within the viewer.
劣等感 (rettōkan - inferiority complex); 刺激する (shigeki suru - to stimulate).
彼女が公然と他者の成功を僻む姿は、彼女自身の未熟さと心の貧しさを露呈していた。
Her public display of resentment towards others' successes revealed her own immaturity and poverty of spirit.
公然と (kōzen to - publicly); 僻む (hekamu - to be resentful); 露呈していた (rotei shite ita - revealed).
社会的な成功への執着が強すぎると、他者の幸福に対する健全な祝福の念が薄れ、代わりに嫉妬や羨望といった負の感情が支配的になる。
When the attachment to social success is too strong, the healthy sentiment of congratulating others' happiness fades, and instead, negative emotions like jealousy and envy become dominant.
執着 (shūchaku - attachment/obsession); 健全な祝福の念 (kenzen na shukufuku no nen - healthy sentiment of congratulation); 支配的になる (shihaiteki ni naru - to become dominant).
彼は、自分が享受できなかった機会を後進たちが容易に掴む様を、複雑な混じり合った感情、すなわち羨望と若干の嫉妬をもって見守っていた。
He watched the younger generation easily seize opportunities he himself could not enjoy, with a complex mix of emotions, namely envy and a touch of jealousy.
享受できなかった (kyōju dekinakatta - could not enjoy); 後進たち (kōshin-tachi - younger generation); 容易に (yōi ni - easily); 混じり合った感情 (majiri-atta kanjō - mixed emotions); すなわち (sunawachi - namely).
芸術批評の世界では、しばしば才能への嫉妬が客観的な評価を歪め、作品の本質を見誤らせる。
In the world of art criticism, jealousy towards talent often distorts objective evaluation and leads to misjudging the essence of a work.
批評 (hihyō - criticism); 客観的な評価 (kyakkanteki na hyōka - objective evaluation); 歪め (hizame - distort); 見誤らせる (mi-ayamaraseru - to misjudge).
競争社会における成功は、しばしば他者への羨望や嫉妬といった感情を内包しており、個人の精神的健康を蝕む。
Success in a competitive society often entails emotions such as envy and jealousy towards others, eroding an individual's mental health.
内包しており (naihō shite ori - entails/contains); 精神的健康 (seishinteki kenkō - mental health); 蝕む (mustamu - to erode/corrode).
彼女の言葉には、同僚の目覚ましい業績に対する妬みと、それに対する自身の無力感との両方が滲み出ていた。
Her words exuded both envy towards her colleague's remarkable achievements and her own sense of powerlessness in response.
目覚ましい業績 (mezamashii gyōseki - remarkable achievements); 妬み (netami - envy, noun form); 無力感 (muryokukan - sense of powerlessness); 滲み出ていた (nijim-ide ita - were seeping out/exuded).
文学作品において、嫉妬はしばしば登場人物の行動原理を駆動する根源的な衝動として描かれ、物語に深みと悲劇性を与える。
In literary works, jealousy is often depicted as a fundamental impulse driving characters' actions, lending depth and tragedy to the narrative.
行動原理 (kōdō genri - principle of action); 駆動する (kudō suru - to drive); 根源的な衝動 (kongenteki na shōdō - fundamental impulse); 深みと悲劇性 (fukami to higekisei - depth and tragedy).
真の自己肯定感とは、他者の存在や成功を脅威と感じず、むしろ自身の価値を認識することで、嫉妬や羨望から解放される状態である。
True self-affirmation is a state of being liberated from jealousy and envy, by recognizing one's own worth, rather than perceiving others' existence or success as a threat.
自己肯定感 (jiko kōteikan - self-affirmation); 脅威と感じず (kyōi to kanjizu - not perceiving as a threat); 解放される (kaihō sareru - to be liberated).
彼は、かつて自分が軽蔑していたやり方で成功した人物に対して、複雑な感情、すなわち羨望と、それを隠そうとする嫉妬とが入り混じったものを抱いていた。
He harbored complex feelings towards the person who succeeded using methods he once disdained, a mixture of envy and a jealousy aimed at hiding it.
軽蔑していた (keibetsu shite ita - disdained/contempt); 抱いていた (idaite ita - harbored/held); 入り混じったもの (iri-majitta mono - a mixture).
مترادفها
متضادها
ترکیبهای رایج
عبارات رایج
اغلب اشتباه گرفته میشود با
This adjective means 'enviable' or expresses a wish to have something someone else has. It's generally milder and more positive than 嫉妬する. Using 嫉妬する when you simply mean something is desirable can sound overly negative.
This verb has a very similar meaning to 嫉妬する and is often interchangeable. It can sometimes carry a slightly stronger or more active sense of bitterness.
This verb implies a deeper resentment and grumpiness stemming from envy, suggesting ill-will towards the successful person.
اصطلاحات و عبارات
— To have the 'bug of jealousy' stir (i.e., to start feeling jealous).
彼の甘い言葉を聞いて、私の嫉妬の虫が騒ぎ始めた。
Informal/Figurative— To burn with the flames of jealousy.
彼女はライバルの活躍を見て、嫉妬の炎を燃やした。
Figurative/Dramatic— To look at someone with eyes of jealousy.
彼は、成功した同僚を嫉妬の目で見ていた。
Figurative— Caught between jealousy and envy.
彼は、賞賛と嫉妬の狭間で揺れ動いていた。
Figurative/Psychological— To burn oneself up with jealousy.
彼は、彼女の幸せを嫉妬に身を焦がしながら見守っていた。
Figurative/Intense— To become a captive of jealousy.
嫉妬の虜になると、人間関係は破綻する。
Figurative— To be poisoned by jealousy.
嫉妬の毒に侵されると、冷静な判断ができなくなる。
Figurative— To hide behind jealousy.
彼は、自分の能力不足を嫉妬の陰に隠していた。
Figurative— To be driven by feelings of jealousy.
彼女は、嫉妬の念に駆られて、彼に近づいた。
Figurativeبهراحتی اشتباه گرفته میشود
Both express a desire for what someone else has.
羨ましい is a milder, more positive adjective meaning 'enviable' or 'I wish I had that.' It focuses on the desirability of the object or situation. 嫉妬する is a verb that describes the negative emotional response of jealousy or envy, often accompanied by resentment or insecurity.
あなたの新しい車、羨ましい！(Your new car is enviable!) vs. 彼の新しい車を嫉妬している。(He is jealous of his new car.)
It's a direct verb synonym for 嫉妬する.
嫉妬する is a する-verb derived from the noun 嫉妬. 妬む is a godan verb. While largely interchangeable, 妬む can sometimes feel slightly more active or sharp in its expression of jealousy or bitterness.
彼女は友人の成功を嫉妬した。(She was jealous of her friend's success.) vs. 彼女は友人の成功を妬んだ。(She was jealous/envious of her friend's success. - potentially slightly stronger)
It's related to envy and resentment.
僻む implies a stronger, more bitter resentment and grumpiness towards someone's good fortune, often coupled with ill-will or a feeling of being personally slighted. 嫉妬する is a more general term for jealousy/envy, which can range from mild to intense, but doesn't necessarily include the same level of spite.
成功した人を僻むのはやめなさい。(Stop being resentful of successful people.) vs. 彼の成功を嫉妬するのは良くない。(Being jealous of his success is not good.)
Dissatisfaction can lead to jealousy.
不満 means 'dissatisfaction' or 'discontent' with one's own situation. While dissatisfaction can be a precursor to jealousy (e.g., feeling dissatisfied with your job might lead to jealousy of a colleague's promotion), it is not jealousy itself. Jealousy is specifically directed at someone else's advantage.
自分の給料に不満がある。(I am dissatisfied with my salary.) vs. 同僚の給料を嫉妬している。(I am jealous of my colleague's salary.)
It represents the opposite emotional response to jealousy.
祝福する means 'to bless' or 'to congratulate' genuinely. It is the positive counterpart to jealousy, representing joy and support for someone else's good fortune, whereas 嫉妬する represents negative feelings arising from comparison.
彼の新しいプロジェクトの成功を祝福します。(I congratulate him on the success of his new project.) vs. 彼のプロジェクトの成功を嫉妬している。(I am jealous of the success of his project.)
الگوهای جملهسازی
Subject (は/が) + Object (を) + 羨ましい
彼の新しい自転車は羨ましい。
Subject (は/が) + Object (を) + 嫉妬した
彼女は友達の成功を嫉妬した。
Subject (は/が) + Object (を) + 嫉妬している
彼は彼女の才能を嫉妬している。
Object (を) + 嫉妬するのをやめる
嫉妬するのをやめよう。
Subject (は/が) + Object (を) + 妬んでいる
彼は友人の成功を妬んでいる。
Object (を) + 嫉妬する気持ち
彼の言葉に嫉妬する気持ちが湧いた。
Subject (は/が) + Object (を) + 嫉妬しつつも
彼はライバルの技法に嫉妬しつつも、自身の探求を続けた。
Object (を) + 嫉妬の念に駆られる
彼女は嫉妬の念に駆られて、彼に近づいた。
خانواده کلمه
اسمها
فعلها
مرتبط
نحوه استفاده
Common, especially in informal and media contexts.
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Confusing 嫉妬する with 羨ましい
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Using 羨ましい for simple admiration or desire, and 嫉妬する for negative feelings of resentment.
羨ましい means 'enviable' and expresses a wish to have something someone else has, often with admiration. 嫉妬する is about negative emotions like resentment, bitterness, or insecurity due to someone else's advantage. Using 嫉妬する when you simply admire something can sound overly negative.
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Incorrect particle usage (e.g., using に instead of を)
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Using the particle を (o) to mark the object of jealousy.
The object of the feeling of jealousy or envy is typically marked by the particle を (o). For example, '友達の成功を嫉妬する' (tomodachi no seikō o shittō suru). Using other particles like に or が can be grammatically incorrect in this context.
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Using the dictionary form (嫉妬する) in past or polite contexts
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Conjugating 嫉妬する correctly based on tense and politeness level.
As a する-verb, 嫉妬する needs to be conjugated properly. For example, in the past tense, it becomes 嫉妬した (shittō shita) or 嫉妬しました (shittō shimashita), not 嫉妬する.
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Overusing 嫉妬する in formal settings
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Using more indirect language or focusing on admiration in formal contexts.
Directly stating jealousy can be considered impolite or immature in formal Japanese settings. It's often better to use softer expressions like 羨ましい or focus on positive aspects like effort and learning, rather than expressing negative feelings of jealousy.
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Using 嫉妬する for mild dissatisfaction
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Using words like 不満 (fuman - dissatisfaction) or simply stating the desire (ほしい - hoshii) for mild cases.
嫉妬する implies a stronger negative emotion than simple dissatisfaction or wanting something. If you are just unhappy with your own situation or want something, using 不満 or ほしい might be more appropriate than the intense emotion of jealousy.
نکات
Distinguish from 羨ましい
Remember that 羨ましい (urayamashii) is 'enviable' or 'I wish I had that,' a milder, often positive sentiment. 嫉妬する is the stronger, negative emotion of jealousy or envy, carrying resentment. Use 羨ましい when you admire something and wish you had it, and 嫉妬する when you feel negative emotions due to someone else's advantage.
Master the Particle を
The particle を (o) is crucial when using 嫉妬する. It marks the object of the jealousy or envy. For example, '友達の成功を嫉妬する' (tomodachi no seikō o shittō suru - to be jealous of a friend's success). Ensure you use を correctly to indicate what is causing the feeling.
Consider the Register
While 嫉妬する is common, its directness can be confrontational. In formal settings or when discussing sensitive topics, consider using more indirect language or focusing on admiration (羨ましい) rather than explicit jealousy, unless the context strongly calls for it.
Connect to English Equivalents
Think of 'jealousy' and 'envy' for 嫉妬する. Associate the Japanese sounds with these English concepts. Visualizing scenarios where these emotions arise can also aid memory.
Create Your Own Sentences
Write sentences describing situations where jealousy or envy might occur – perhaps a friend getting a promotion, someone buying a new gadget, or a character in a story. This active practice helps solidify understanding and usage.
Focus on Double Consonants
Pay attention to the double 't' (っ) in 'shitto'. This creates a slight pause or emphasis, distinguishing it from a single 't'. Practice saying 'shi-tto' clearly.
Understand Cultural Sensitivity
In Japan, openly expressing jealousy can be seen as immature or impolite. Be aware that direct statements of jealousy might be less common than in some Western cultures. Consider the social context before using the word.
Learn Synonyms and Antonyms
Understanding words like 羨ましい (urayamashii), 妬む (netamu), and 祝福する (shukufuku suru) will broaden your vocabulary and help you choose the most precise word for the situation, conveying the right level of emotion.
Listen in Context
Pay attention to how 嫉妬する is used in Japanese dramas, anime, or podcasts. Hearing it in natural conversation will help you grasp its nuances, common collocations, and appropriate situations for use.
Use in Journaling
Write journal entries about hypothetical situations or past experiences involving jealousy. This personal application can make the word more memorable and help you practice constructing sentences independently.
حفظ کنید
روش یادسپاری
Think of 'shit' and 'toe'. Imagine someone stepping on your toe ('toe') and you feel terrible ('shit') because they have nice shoes you can't afford. This association, though crude, links the sounds to the negative feeling of jealousy.
تداعی تصویری
Picture a person looking with a green-tinged, angry face at another person who is holding a shiny trophy or a pile of gold coins. The green color often symbolizes envy.
شبکه واژگان
چالش
Try to describe a situation where you or someone you know felt jealous or envious, using the word 嫉妬する in your description. Focus on what triggered the feeling and how it was expressed (or suppressed).
ریشه کلمه
The word 嫉妬 (shitto) is a Sino-Japanese compound word. The first character, 嫉 (shitsu), means 'to envy' or 'to be jealous'. The second character, 妬 (to), also means 'to envy' or 'to be jealous'. Together, they form a strong emphasis on the emotion of jealousy or envy.
معنای اصلی: The characters themselves convey the core meaning of negative feelings towards another's possessions or success.
Sino-Japanese (Kanji)بافت فرهنگی
When discussing or using the word 嫉妬する, be mindful of the context and the relationship with the listener. Directly accusing someone of jealousy or admitting to intense jealousy can be confrontational. It's often better to use softer language or focus on the desire ('I wish I had that') rather than the resentment.
In English-speaking cultures, jealousy and envy are acknowledged emotions, though their expression varies widely. Direct confrontation or expression is more common in some contexts than in Japan. The terms 'jealousy' and 'envy' are often used interchangeably, although linguists distinguish between them (jealousy involving a perceived threat to a relationship, envy involving wanting what someone else has).
تمرین در زندگی واقعی
موقعیتهای واقعی
Romantic Relationships
- 彼が他の女性と話しているのを見て嫉妬した。
- 彼女は彼が私に優しくするのを嫉妬している。
- 嫉妬しないで、信じてほしい。
Workplace Competition
- 同僚の昇進を嫉妬していた。
- 彼の才能に嫉妬するのをやめたい。
- 嫉妬ではなく、刺激を受けて頑張ろう。
Possessions and Lifestyle
- 彼の新しい車を嫉妬している。
- 彼女の旅行の写真を見て嫉妬しちゃった。
- 羨ましいけど、嫉妬はしたくない。
Social Media and Comparisons
- SNSでキラキラした投稿を見ると嫉妬する。
- 自分の人生を他の人と比べて嫉妬しないようにしよう。
- 嫉妬する気持ちを乗り越える方法。
Personal Growth and Self-Reflection
- 嫉妬する自分を変えたい。
- 嫉妬ではなく、目標達成に集中する。
- 他者を祝福できる人間になりたい。
شروعکنندههای مکالمه
"Have you ever felt jealous of someone's talent? How did you handle that feeling?"
"What's something you find enviable, but you try not to let it turn into jealousy?"
"In movies or dramas, when characters experience intense jealousy, what do you think drives them?"
"Is it better to express jealousy openly or keep it hidden, in your opinion?"
"How can we encourage people to celebrate others' successes instead of feeling jealous?"
موضوعات نگارش
Describe a time you felt envious of someone's possessions. What did they have, and how did it make you feel? What did you learn from that experience?
Reflect on a situation where you might have made someone else feel jealous. What was it, and how do you think they reacted?
Write about a character from a book or movie who is driven by jealousy. Analyze their motivations and the consequences of their actions.
Imagine a world without jealousy. What would relationships and society be like?
How can you cultivate a mindset that allows you to appreciate others' successes without feeling envious? List specific strategies.
سوالات متداول
10 سوالThe main difference lies in the emotional nuance. 羨ましい (urayamashii) is an adjective meaning 'enviable' or 'I wish I had that.' It's a milder expression of desire for something someone else possesses, often with admiration. 嫉妬する (shitto suru) is a verb describing the stronger, negative emotion of jealousy or envy, which can include resentment, bitterness, or insecurity about one's own position relative to the other person.
Yes, 嫉妬する inherently carries a negative connotation. It describes an unpleasant emotion that arises from comparison and often involves feelings of inadequacy or resentment. While the intensity can vary, the core feeling is negative.
妬む and 嫉妬する are very similar and often interchangeable. 妬む is a godan verb, while 嫉妬する is a する-verb derived from the noun 嫉妬. Some speakers feel 妬む can sometimes imply a slightly more active or bitter form of jealousy, but in most everyday contexts, you can use them interchangeably. Pay attention to how native speakers use them.
Yes, you can. For example, 'あなたを嫉妬しています' (Anata o shittō shite imasu) means 'I am jealous of you.' However, directly saying this can be quite strong and potentially offensive depending on the context and relationship. It's often more common to express jealousy towards something specific someone has or has achieved, like 'あなたの才能を嫉妬しています' (Anata no sainō o shittō shite imasu - 'I am jealous of your talent').
Japanese culture tends to value emotional restraint. While people do feel jealousy, they may not express it directly or openly, especially in formal situations. It might be conveyed through subtle actions, indirect comments, or by avoiding the topic altogether. Sometimes, feelings of envy might be expressed more mildly using 羨ましい (urayamashii) or by focusing on one's own efforts rather than the other person's success.
No, 嫉妬する is not limited to romantic jealousy. It can be used for envy of career success, possessions, talents, social status, or any other perceived advantage someone else has. The context will clarify whether it's romantic jealousy or a broader sense of envy.
The noun form is 嫉妬 (shitto), meaning 'jealousy' or 'envy.' You can also use 嫉妬心 (shittōshin), which specifically refers to the 'feeling of jealousy.'
Yes, it is common in casual conversations, especially among friends or in informal settings. You might hear variations like 嫉妬しちゃう (shittō shichau), which is a more colloquial and often softer way of saying 'I can't help but feel jealous.'
If you say '彼の新しい車、羨ましい！' (Kare no atarashii kuruma, urayamashii!), you are expressing admiration and a wish to have a similar car. It's a positive sentiment. If you say '彼の新しい車を嫉妬している' (Kare no atarashii kuruma o shittō shite iru), you are expressing a negative feeling, perhaps resentment towards him for having it, or insecurity about your own car.
Try creating sentences describing various scenarios of jealousy or envy. Use flashcards with example sentences. Role-play conversations where jealousy might arise. Pay attention to how native speakers use it in dramas, movies, or podcasts, and try to mimic their usage.
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Summary
嫉妬する (shitto suru) expresses the negative emotions of jealousy and envy, arising from a perceived disadvantage compared to others. It's crucial to distinguish it from the more neutral 羨ましい (urayamashii), which simply means 'enviable' or 'I wish I had that.' Context and the specific nuance you wish to convey will determine which word is appropriate.
- 嫉妬する (shitto suru) means to be jealous or envious.
- It's used when someone desires what another has or resents their success.
- Commonly used in personal relationships, media, and daily conversations.
- Be careful not to confuse it with the milder 羨ましい (urayamashii).
Distinguish from 羨ましい
Remember that 羨ましい (urayamashii) is 'enviable' or 'I wish I had that,' a milder, often positive sentiment. 嫉妬する is the stronger, negative emotion of jealousy or envy, carrying resentment. Use 羨ましい when you admire something and wish you had it, and 嫉妬する when you feel negative emotions due to someone else's advantage.
Master the Particle を
The particle を (o) is crucial when using 嫉妬する. It marks the object of the jealousy or envy. For example, '友達の成功を嫉妬する' (tomodachi no seikō o shittō suru - to be jealous of a friend's success). Ensure you use を correctly to indicate what is causing the feeling.
Consider the Register
While 嫉妬する is common, its directness can be confrontational. In formal settings or when discussing sensitive topics, consider using more indirect language or focusing on admiration (羨ましい) rather than explicit jealousy, unless the context strongly calls for it.
Connect to English Equivalents
Think of 'jealousy' and 'envy' for 嫉妬する. Associate the Japanese sounds with these English concepts. Visualizing scenarios where these emotions arise can also aid memory.
محتوای مرتبط
واژههای بیشتر emotions
ぼんやり
B1به طور مبهم؛ با حواسپرتی. برای توصیف دید ناواضح یا وضعیت ذهنی بدون تمرکز استفاده میشود.
夢中
B1Absorption; engrossment; infatuation.
受け止める
B1گرفتن یک شیء در حال حرکت یا پذیرفتن جدی انتقادات و احساسات دیگران.
達成感
B1احساس رضایت و غرور هنگام تکمیل موفقیت آمیز یک کار یا دستیابی به یک هدف. این پاداش تلاش شماست.
ひしひしと
B1Acutely; keenly; strongly (feeling something).
適応する
B1سازگاری با محیط جدید کلید موفقیت است.
健気な
B2توصیفکننده فردی (معمولاً ضعیف یا کودک) که علیرغم سختیها، شجاعت و روحیهای ستودنی و تأثیرگذار از خود نشان میدهد.
感心な
B1قابل ستایش؛ تحسینبرانگیز. 'او کودک قابل ستایشی است که همیشه کمک میکند.' 'نگرش او نسبت به کار واقعاً تحسینبرانگیز است.'
感心
B1تحسین یا تحت تأثیر قرار گرفتن از رفتار یا تلاش کسی.
感心する
B1تحت تأثیر مهارت یا رفتار کسی قرار گرفتن.
