A1 Negation 1 min read آسان

The 'Ot... Te' Frame

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Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds

To make a sentence negative in Khmer, wrap your verb between 'Ot' and 'Te'.

  • Place 'Ot' before the verb: 'Ot' + verb.
  • Place 'Te' at the very end of the sentence: Verb + 'Te'.
  • The subject stays at the beginning: Subject + 'Ot' + Verb + 'Te'.
Subject + Ot + Verb + (Object) + Te

Meanings

The 'Ot... Te' frame is the standard way to negate verbs, adjectives, and existence in Khmer.

1

Verb Negation

Negating an action.

“ខ្ញុំអត់ទៅទេ”

“គាត់អត់ដឹងទេ”

2

Adjective Negation

Negating a state or quality.

“វាអត់ល្អទេ”

“ផ្លូវអត់ឆ្ងាយទេ”

3

Existence Negation

Negating the presence of something.

“អត់មានលុយទេ”

“អត់មានអ្នកណាទេ”

Negation Structure

Subject Negation Start Verb/Adjective Negation End
ខ្ញុំ អត់ ទៅ ទេ
គាត់ អត់ ញ៉ាំ ទេ
វា អត់ ល្អ ទេ
យើង អត់ ដឹង ទេ
អ្នក អត់ ធ្វើ ទេ
គេ អត់ មក ទេ

Reference Table

Reference table for The 'Ot... Te' Frame
Form Structure Example
Affirmative Subject + Verb ខ្ញុំទៅ
Negative Subject + Ot + Verb + Te ខ្ញុំអត់ទៅទេ
Question Subject + Verb + Te? ទៅទេ?
Existence Subject + Ot + Mean + Te ខ្ញុំអត់មានទេ
Past Negative Subject + Ot + Ban + Verb + Te ខ្ញុំអត់បានទៅទេ

طیف رسمیت

رسمی
ខ្ញុំមិនដឹងទេ

ខ្ញុំមិនដឹងទេ (General)

خنثی
ខ្ញុំអត់ដឹងទេ

ខ្ញុំអត់ដឹងទេ (General)

غیر رسمی
អត់ដឹងទេ

អត់ដឹងទេ (General)

عامیانه
អត់ដឹង

អត់ដឹង (General)

Negation Sandwich

Verb

Prefix

  • អត់ Ot

Suffix

  • ទេ Te
برای خواندن توضیح کامل رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

1

ខ្ញុំអត់ទៅទេ

I am not going.

2

គាត់អត់ញ៉ាំទេ

He is not eating.

3

វាអត់ល្អទេ

It is not good.

4

ខ្ញុំអត់ដឹងទេ

I don't know.

1

ខ្ញុំអត់មានលុយទេ

I don't have money.

2

ផ្លូវនេះអត់ឆ្ងាយទេ

This road is not far.

3

គាត់អត់ចង់ទៅទេ

He doesn't want to go.

4

អាហារនេះអត់ហិរទេ

This food is not spicy.

1

ខ្ញុំអត់បានឃើញគាត់ទេ

I didn't see him.

2

កិច្ចការនេះអត់ពិបាកទេ

This task is not difficult.

3

គាត់អត់ដែលទៅស្រុកខ្មែរទេ

He has never been to Cambodia.

4

ខ្ញុំអត់ចូលចិត្តរឿងនេះទេ

I don't like this movie.

1

ខ្ញុំអត់គិតថាវាត្រឹមត្រូវទេ

I don't think it is correct.

2

គាត់អត់មានពេលទំនេរទេ

He doesn't have free time.

3

រឿងនេះអត់សំខាន់ទេ

This matter is not important.

4

ខ្ញុំអត់អាចជួយបានទេ

I cannot help.

1

ទោះបីជាយ៉ាងណាក៏ដោយ ខ្ញុំអត់យល់ស្របទេ

Regardless, I do not agree.

2

គាត់អត់បានប្រាប់ខ្ញុំពីមុនទេ

He didn't tell me beforehand.

3

ស្ថានភាពនេះអត់មានដំណោះស្រាយទេ

This situation has no solution.

4

ខ្ញុំអត់ជឿលើរឿងនេះទេ

I don't believe in this.

1

ទោះបីជាមានការខិតខំប្រឹងប្រែងយ៉ាងណាក៏ដោយ ក៏លទ្ធផលអត់ល្អទេ

Despite all efforts, the result is not good.

2

គាត់អត់មានចេតនាធ្វើបែបនេះទេ

He had no intention of doing this.

3

បញ្ហានេះអត់អាចដោះស្រាយបានដោយងាយទេ

This problem cannot be solved easily.

4

ខ្ញុំអត់មានជម្រើសអ្វីផ្សេងទេ

I have no other choice.

به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

The 'Ot... Te' Frame در مقابل Min... Te

Learners often mix 'Ot' and 'Min'.

The 'Ot... Te' Frame در مقابل Ot... Te vs. Ot

Learners think 'Ot' is enough.

The 'Ot... Te' Frame در مقابل Ot... Te vs. Ot-mean... Te

Learners forget 'mean' when negating possession.

اشتباهات رایج

✗

ខ្ញុំអត់ទៅ

✓

ខ្ញុំអត់ទៅទេ

Missing the final particle 'Te'.
✗

ខ្ញុំទៅអត់ទេ

✓

ខ្ញុំអត់ទៅទេ

Wrong word order.
✗

អត់ខ្ញុំទៅទេ

✓

ខ្ញុំអត់ទៅទេ

Subject must come first.
✗

ខ្ញុំទេទៅអត់

✓

ខ្ញុំអត់ទៅទេ

Particles are in the wrong place.
✗

ខ្ញុំអត់មានទេលុយ

✓

ខ្ញុំអត់មានលុយទេ

Object must be between the verb and 'Te'.
✗

ខ្ញុំអត់ញ៉ាំបាយ

✓

ខ្ញុំអត់ញ៉ាំបាយទេ

Still missing the final 'Te'.
✗

អត់ញ៉ាំបាយទេ

✓

ខ្ញុំអត់ញ៉ាំបាយទេ

Dropping the subject is okay, but 'Ot' must be used correctly.
✗

ខ្ញុំអត់បានទៅទេ

✓

ខ្ញុំអត់បានទៅទេ

Correct, but ensure 'ban' is placed correctly.
✗

ខ្ញុំអត់ដែលទៅទេ

✓

ខ្ញុំអត់ដែលទៅទេ

Correct, but ensure 'del' is placed correctly.
✗

ខ្ញុំអត់ចង់ទៅទេ

✓

ខ្ញុំអត់ចង់ទៅទេ

Correct, but ensure 'chong' is placed correctly.
✗

ខ្ញុំអត់គិតថាទេ

✓

ខ្ញុំអត់គិតថា...ទេ

The 'Te' must go at the end of the entire clause.
✗

អត់មានដំណោះស្រាយទេ

✓

អត់មានដំណោះស្រាយទេ

Correct, but ensure the noun phrase is complete.
✗

ខ្ញុំអត់ជឿទេលើរឿងនេះ

✓

ខ្ញុំអត់ជឿលើរឿងនេះទេ

The 'Te' must be at the very end.

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

ខ្ញុំអត់ ___ ទេ

ខ្ញុំអត់មាន ___ ទេ

ខ្ញុំអត់បាន ___ ទេ

ខ្ញុំអត់គិតថា ___ ទេ

Real World Usage

Texting constant

អត់ទៅទេ

Ordering food very common

អត់យកហិរទេ

Job interview common

ខ្ញុំមិនមានបទពិសោធន៍ទេ

Travel common

អត់ទៅទេ

Social media very common

អត់ចូលចិត្តទេ

Food delivery common

អត់ដាក់ខ្ទឹមទេ

برای دیدن همه مثال‌ها رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید
💡

The Sandwich Rule

Always think of 'Ot' and 'Te' as the two pieces of bread for your verb sandwich.
⚠️

Don't drop the Te!

Dropping 'Te' makes you sound like you stopped mid-sentence.
🎯

Use it for adjectives

It works for adjectives too, like 'Ot-l-or-te' (not beautiful).
💬

Casual speech

In very casual speech, you can drop the subject, but keep the 'Ot... Te' frame.

Smart Tips

Use the 'Ot... Te' frame to be polite but firm.

ទៅ? → អត់ទៅទេ

Negate adjectives with the same frame.

ល្អ → អត់ល្អទេ

Always include 'mean' (to have) when negating.

ខ្ញុំអត់លុយទេ → ខ្ញុំអត់មានលុយទេ

Switch 'Ot' to 'Min'.

ខ្ញុំអត់អាចមកទេ → ខ្ញុំមិនអាចមកទេ

تلفظ

ot

Ot

Pronounced like 'ot' in 'hot'.

teh

Te

Pronounced like 'teh' in 'tech'.

Falling

ខ្ញុំអត់ទៅទេ ↘

Standard statement of fact.

حفظ کنید

روش یادسپاری

Think of 'Ot' as the 'Open' door and 'Te' as the 'Terminator' of the sentence.

تداعی تصویری

Imagine a hamburger. The 'Ot' is the top bun, the verb is the patty, and the 'Te' is the bottom bun. You can't have a burger without both buns!

Rhyme

Ot at the start, Te at the end, that's how you negate, my Khmer friend.

Story

Sok wanted to say he didn't like spicy food. He said 'Knhom ot...'. He paused. He forgot the 'Te'! His friend looked confused. He added '...te' at the end. Now his friend understood perfectly.

شبکه واژگان

អត់ទេមានទៅញ៉ាំល្អដឹង

چالش

Write 5 sentences about things you do NOT do today using the 'Ot... Te' frame.

نکات فرهنگی

Khmer people often drop the subject if it's clear from context. 'Ot-nham-te' is perfectly natural.

The 'Ot... Te' construction is a native Khmer development.

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

“

តើអ្នកញ៉ាំបាយហើយឬនៅ?

“

តើអ្នកចង់ទៅផ្សារទេ?

“

តើអ្នកមានពេលទំនេរទេ?

“

តើអ្នកយល់ស្របនឹងរឿងនេះទេ?

موضوعات نگارش

Write 3 things you don't like to eat.
Describe a place you have never been to.
Explain why you didn't finish a task today.
Argue against a popular opinion.
Sign up free to see all tips

Test Yourself

Fill in the blanks.

ខ្ញុំ ___ ទៅ ___

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
The correct frame is Ot... Te.
Which is correct? چند گزینه‌ای

Choose the correct negative sentence.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Subject + Ot + Verb + Te.
Fix the sentence. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

ខ្ញុំអត់ញ៉ាំបាយ (Fix this)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Need the final 'Te'.
Reorder the words. Sentence Building

ទេ / ទៅ / អត់ / ខ្ញុំ

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Subject + Ot + Verb + Te.
Translate to Khmer. ترجمه

I do not know.

Answer starts with: a...

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Standard negation.
Match the affirmative to negative. Match Pairs

Match each item on the left with its pair on the right:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Correct negation frame.
Negate the verb 'to have' (mean). Conjugation Drill

ខ្ញុំមានលុយ -> ?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Ot + mean + object + Te.
Change to negative. Sentence Transformation

គាត់ចង់ទៅ (Change to negative)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Ot before the verb.

Score: /8

تمرین‌های عملی

8 exercises
Fill in the blanks.

ខ្ញុំ ___ ទៅ ___

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
The correct frame is Ot... Te.
Which is correct? چند گزینه‌ای

Choose the correct negative sentence.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Subject + Ot + Verb + Te.
Fix the sentence. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

ខ្ញុំអត់ញ៉ាំបាយ (Fix this)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Need the final 'Te'.
Reorder the words. Sentence Building

ទេ / ទៅ / អត់ / ខ្ញុំ

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Subject + Ot + Verb + Te.
Translate to Khmer. ترجمه

I do not know.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Standard negation.
Match the affirmative to negative. Match Pairs

ខ្ញុំទៅ -> ?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Correct negation frame.
Negate the verb 'to have' (mean). Conjugation Drill

ខ្ញុំមានលុយ -> ?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Ot + mean + object + Te.
Change to negative. Sentence Transformation

គាត់ចង់ទៅ (Change to negative)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Ot before the verb.

Score: /8

سوالات متداول (8)

No, it will sound incomplete to native speakers.

No, it is neutral/informal. Use 'Min' for formal writing.

Yes, it is the standard negation for almost all verbs.

Yes, it works for adjectives too, like 'Ot-l-or-te'.

Yes, if the context is clear, you can just say 'Ot-to-te'.

Only in register. 'Min' is formal.

The object goes between the verb and 'Te'.

No, it's one of the most consistent rules in Khmer.

Scaffolded Practice

1

1

2

2

3

3

4

4

Mastery Progress

Needs Practice

Improving

Strong

Mastered

برای تمرین رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

In Other Languages

Spanish partial

No + verb

Khmer requires a final particle 'Te'.

French high

Ne + verb + pas

French wraps the verb; Khmer wraps the whole predicate.

German low

Verb + nicht

Khmer is much more rigid.

Japanese low

Verb + nai

Khmer uses particles, not conjugation.

Arabic low

La + verb

Khmer uses a two-part frame.

Chinese low

Bu + verb

Khmer requires the final 'Te'.

Learning Path

Prerequisites

Next
Negating Nouns with 'Min Men'

Related Grammar Rules

A1

Negating Nouns with 'Min Men'
A2

Negative Experience 'Min Dael' (Never)

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B1

Incomplete Action with 'min-tean' (Not yet)

Overview Imagine you are sitting at a bustling sidewalk cafe in Phnom Penh. You are waiting for a delicious bowl of `ku...
C1

The Particle 'Phang' in Formal Negation (Softening and Emphasis)

Overview Ever felt like your "no" was too harsh? In Khmer, saying `min te` can sometimes feel like a door slamming shut...
C2

Complex Negation for Argumentation (min men... tae ponnoh)

Overview You have reached the peak of Khmer fluency. At the C2 level, you aren't just speaking. You are persuading. You...
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