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B1 verb #4,000 پرکاربردترین 9 دقیقه مطالعه

지연되다

jiyeondoeda رتبه 4,000

تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها 지연되다 در ۳۰ ثانیه

توضیح 지연되다 in your Level:

At the A1 level, you don't need to use '지연되다' frequently in your own speech, but you will definitely hear it if you travel to Korea. Imagine you are at an airport or a train station. You see a big screen with many Korean words. If you see the word '지연' (ji-yeon) in red or yellow letters next to your flight, it means your flight is 'delayed.' It is not coming on time.

Think of it as a fancy way of saying 'late' (늦어요). In A1, we learn '늦어요' for people and things. But '지연되다' is the special word for big machines like airplanes, buses, and trains. You might hear the station announcer say: '기차가 지연되고 있습니다' (The train is being delayed). Even if you don't understand the whole sentence, hearing '지연' tells you that you have more time to wait!

To remember this, think of the 'ji' sound. It sounds a bit like 'just wait.' When something is 'ji-yeon-doe-da,' you must 'just wait' because it is not ready yet. In A1, just try to recognize the word when you are traveling.

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At the A2 level, you are starting to talk about reasons for things. You might use '지연되다' when talking about why you were late to a meeting or school, specifically blaming the transport system. For example, '버스 지연 때문에 늦었어요' (I was late because of a bus delay).

You will also see this word in shopping apps. If you buy a cool K-pop album or clothes from a Korean website, you might get an email saying '배송 지연' (Delivery Delay). This is very common during holidays. In A2, you should practice the pattern: '[Subject] + 이/가 + 지연되다'.

Common subjects at this level include:
1. 비행기 (Airplane)
2. 기차 (Train)
3. 배송 (Delivery)
4. 수업 (Class - though rare, sometimes used if a whole program is pushed back).

Remember, you are the observer of the delay. You are not the person 'doing' the delay. That's why we use '되다' (to become/be done). It's happening to the schedule!

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As a B1 learner, you are expected to use '지연되다' in professional and semi-formal contexts. This is the level where you distinguish between '늦다' (to be late) and '지연되다' (to be delayed). While '늦다' is a general adjective/verb, '지연되다' is a specific passive verb used for processes and schedules.

In B1, you should be able to use the '-아/어서' (because) or '-(으)로 인해' (due to) structures to explain a delay. For example: '폭우로 인해 공사가 지연되었습니다' (The construction was delayed due to heavy rain). This shows a higher level of vocabulary than just saying '비가 와서 늦었어요'.

You should also start noticing the noun form '지연'. In many Korean sentences, nouns are used to make things sound more official. '지연이 발생하다' (A delay occurred) is a very common B1-level phrase in news and business reports. Pay attention to the passive nature—you aren't usually the one delaying things; the circumstances are causing the delay.

At the B2 level, you should use '지연되다' to describe more abstract concepts, such as economic growth, political decisions, or complex project management. You should also be comfortable using it with more advanced grammar points like '-에 따라' (according to) or '-(으)ㄹ 전망이다' (is expected to).

For instance, '정부의 결정이 지연됨에 따라 시장의 불확실성이 커지고 있습니다' (As the government's decision is delayed, market uncertainty is growing). Here, '지연됨' is the nominalized form used as a reason. This level of complexity is what separates B2 from B1.

You should also be able to compare '지연되다' with '지체되다' (to be stalled). While '지연되다' is often about time, '지체되다' often carries a nuance of inefficiency or a 'clog' in the system. If a project is delayed because of a slow worker, '지체되다' might be more appropriate. If it's delayed because of a global supply chain issue, '지연되다' is the standard choice.

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In C1, your usage of '지연되다' should be nuanced and precise. You will encounter this word in legal documents, academic journals, and high-level literature. At this stage, you should understand how '지연되다' interacts with legal concepts like '이행 지연' (delay of performance/breach of contract) or '지연 이자' (late interest/penalty interest).

You should also be able to use the word in rhetorical contexts. For example, discussing the 'delayed justice' (지연된 정의) in a social justice context. The word takes on a weightier, more serious tone here. You might say, '지연된 정의는 정의가 아니다' (Justice delayed is justice denied).

Furthermore, you should master the causative form '지연시키다' to describe how one factor intentionally or unintentionally delays another. '불필요한 규제가 혁신을 지연시키고 있습니다' (Unnecessary regulations are delaying innovation). This active use shows you have full control over the verb's transitivity.

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At the C2 level, '지연되다' is used with absolute precision in highly specialized fields. In a medical or scientific context, it might describe '지연된 반응' (delayed reaction) or '지연된 발달' (delayed development). In these cases, the word is not just about a schedule, but about a biological or chemical process that is slower than the norm.

You will also appreciate the stylistic uses in literature, where '지연' might be used to describe the slow passage of time or a character's hesitation. The word can be used to create a sense of tension or stagnation in a narrative.

At this level, you are expected to understand the subtle social implications of using this word. For instance, in a high-stakes diplomatic negotiation, choosing between '지연되다', '보류되다' (to be held/deferred), and '중단되다' (to be suspended) can change the entire meaning of a press release. You should be able to navigate these linguistic minefields with ease, selecting '지연되다' only when the focus is truly on the temporal lag of an ongoing process.

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تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها

지연되다 در ۳۰ ثانیه

A formal verb used to describe delays in schedules, transport, and professional processes.
Derived from Hanja roots meaning 'slow' and 'extend,' combined with the passive 'become.'
Commonly paired with reasons like weather, technical errors, or traffic congestion.
Used primarily for events and systems, not for people being late to a social gathering.

The Korean verb 지연되다 (ji-yeon-doe-da) is an essential term for anyone navigating professional environments, travel, or complex logistics in Korea. At its core, it translates to 'to be delayed' or 'to be postponed.' However, its usage is specifically tied to situations where an established schedule, expected timeline, or standard flow of events is interrupted or slowed down by external factors. Unlike the simple word '늦다' (to be late), which often refers to a person's physical arrival, 지연되다 describes the status of a process, a vehicle, or a project.

Etymological Breakdown: The word is composed of the Hanja roots 遲 (지 - slow/late) and 延 (연 - extend/delay), combined with the passive auxiliary verb 되다 (to become/be). This structure implies that the delay is something that 'happens' to the subject, often due to circumstances beyond immediate control, such as weather, traffic, or technical failures.
Formal Contexts: You will most frequently encounter this word in official announcements. At Incheon International Airport, the screens will flash '지연' (Delayed) next to flight numbers. In business emails, a manager might say, '결재가 지연되고 있습니다' (The approval is being delayed), which sounds much more professional than saying it is just 'late.'

폭설로 인해 모든 항공편의 이륙이 지연되고 있습니다. (Due to heavy snow, the takeoff of all flights is being delayed.)

Understanding the nuance of the passive '되다' is crucial. While '지연시키다' (to delay something) places the blame or cause on an agent, 지연되다 focuses on the state of the delay itself. This makes it a very useful word for 'saving face' or being polite in business, as it highlights the situation rather than pointing fingers at a specific person who might be late with their work.

시스템 오류로 인해 답변이 지연된 점 사과드립니다. (We apologize for the delay in our response due to a system error.)

Social Nuance: In Korea's 'Pali-pali' (hurry-hurry) culture, hearing that something is '지연되다' can be a source of significant stress. However, using this specific word in an apology shows that the speaker recognizes the gravity of the time lost, as it is a formal and heavy term compared to '늦어지다'.

열차 진입이 지연되고 있으니 잠시만 기다려 주십시오. (The train entry is being delayed, so please wait a moment.)

In summary, 지연되다 is your go-to word for describing institutional or situational delays. Whether you are stuck in traffic (교통 체증으로 지연), waiting for a package (배송 지연), or dealing with a slow computer (처리 지연), this word provides the necessary level of formality and precision required for effective communication in Korean society.

Mastering 지연되다 involves understanding how it fits into various grammatical structures, particularly those involving cause and effect. Since delays rarely happen without a reason, you will frequently see this verb paired with grammar points like '-아/어서' (because), '-(으)로 인해' (due to), or '-기 때문에' (because of).

The Passive Construction: Because '되다' is inherently passive, the subject of the sentence is the thing being delayed. You do not '지연되다' a meeting; rather, the meeting '지연된다'. If you are the person causing the delay, you would use '지연시키다' (the causative form), though this is much less common in daily speech as people prefer to avoid direct blame.

공사 일정이 예상보다 한 달 정도 지연되었습니다. (The construction schedule was delayed by about a month more than expected.)

When describing an ongoing delay, the progressive form -고 있다 is frequently used: '지연되고 있다'. This emphasizes that the delay is currently happening and hasn't been resolved yet. For example, during a subway strike, you might hear '열차 운행이 지연되고 있습니다' (Train operations are currently being delayed).

예산 문제로 인해 신제품 출시가 지연될 가능성이 있습니다. (There is a possibility that the new product launch will be delayed due to budget issues.)

Tense Variations: 1. Past: 지연되었다 (Was delayed) - Used for completed events. 2. Present: 지연된다 (Is delayed) - Used for general facts or scheduled delays. 3. Future: 지연될 것이다 (Will be delayed) - Used for predictions or warnings.

In formal writing, such as news reports or academic papers, you might see the noun form 지연 used as a subject: '지연이 불가피하다' (Delay is inevitable). This noun-centric phrasing adds a layer of objectivity and professionalism to the statement.

사고 수습을 위해 도로 통행이 잠시 지연되고 있으니 우회하시기 바랍니다. (Road traffic is being briefly delayed for accident recovery, so please take a detour.)

Finally, consider the combination with '수밖에 없다' (cannot help but). In many professional scenarios, you might need to explain that a delay is unavoidable: '지연될 수밖에 없습니다' (It cannot help but be delayed). This softens the impact by suggesting that the delay is a result of absolute necessity rather than negligence.

The word 지연되다 is ubiquitous in South Korea, a country known for its efficiency but also for its high-density infrastructure where small hiccups can cause large ripples. You will hear this word in four primary 'hubs' of daily life: transportation centers, office environments, digital platforms, and the news.

1. Transportation Hubs: If you take the KTX (high-speed train) or fly via Korean Air, the term '지연' is part of the standard vocabulary. '기상 악화로 출발이 지연되고 있습니다' (Departure is delayed due to bad weather) is a classic announcement. Even in the Seoul subway, if a train stops in a tunnel, the conductor will likely announce, '앞차와의 간격 조정으로 인해 출발이 지연되고 있습니다' (Departure is being delayed to adjust the distance from the train ahead).
2. The Modern Office: In a corporate setting, 지연되다 is the polite way to talk about missed deadlines. Instead of saying 'I'm late with the report,' a subordinate might say, '자료 수집이 늦어져서 보고서 작성이 지연되고 있습니다' (Report writing is being delayed because data collection was late). It sounds objective and focuses on the workflow rather than personal failure.

부품 수급 문제로 인해 제품 생산이 2주 정도 지연될 예정입니다. (Product production is scheduled to be delayed by about two weeks due to parts supply issues.)

네트워크 불안정으로 인해 페이지 로딩이 지연되고 있습니다. (Page loading is being delayed due to network instability.)

3. E-commerce and Logistics: Koreans love 'Rocket Delivery,' but when holidays like Chuseok arrive, delivery volumes spike. You will often receive a text message: '택배 물량 증가로 배송이 지연되고 있습니다' (Delivery is being delayed due to an increase in parcel volume). This is a standard notification in the world's most active e-commerce market.

재판 절차가 지연되면서 피해자들의 고통이 커지고 있습니다. (As the trial proceedings are delayed, the suffering of the victims is increasing.)

Lastly, in the media, 지연되다 appears in discussions about government policy, legal trials, and economic reforms. Headlines like '법안 처리가 지연되다' (The processing of the bill is delayed) are common in political journalism. Understanding this word allows you to grasp the pulse of Korean societal frustrations regarding progress and efficiency.

While 지연되다 is a straightforward verb, learners often stumble over its formality level and its distinction from other 'lateness' words. Avoiding these common pitfalls will make your Korean sound more natural and precise.

Mistake 1: Using it for People: One of the most frequent errors is saying '저는 지연되었어요' (I was delayed) when you are late for a meeting. While technically understandable, 지연되다 is almost exclusively for events, processes, or vehicles. If YOU are late, use '늦다' (늦었어요) or '지각하다' (I'm late for school/work). Using 지연되다 for yourself makes you sound like a train or a project, which is grammatically awkward.

❌ 친구가 약속 장소에 지연되었어요.
✅ 친구가 약속 장소에 늦었어요.

Mistake 2: Confusing with '연기되다' (Postponed): While often used interchangeably, there is a subtle difference. 연기되다 (yeon-gi-doe-da) usually implies that a new date or time has been set intentionally (e.g., 'The wedding was postponed to next week'). 지연되다 often implies an unintentional lag or a slowdown in progress (e.g., 'The flight is delayed by 30 minutes due to fog'). If you push a deadline back on purpose, use 연기하다/되다.

비가 와서 경기가 지연되고 있다. (The game is being delayed [held up] because of rain.) vs 경기가 다음 주로 연기되었다. (The game was postponed to next week.)

Mistake 3: Over-relying on '지연되다' in Informal Speech: In very casual settings with friends, 지연되다 can sound a bit too stiff. If your friend is taking a long time to get ready, saying '너의 준비가 지연되고 있구나' (Your preparation is being delayed) sounds like a robotic news report. Instead, use '늦어지다' (늦어지고 있네) or '왜 이렇게 오래 걸려?' (Why is it taking so long?). Save 지연되다 for the office or official situations.

By keeping these distinctions in mind—focusing on processes rather than people, distinguishing between accidental lag and intentional postponement, and matching the formality to the setting—you will use 지연되다 like a native speaker.

Korean has a rich variety of words to describe time and delays. Depending on the cause of the delay or the context (business, casual, technical), you might want to swap 지연되다 for one of these alternatives.

1. 연기되다 (Yeon-gi-doe-da) - To be Postponed: As mentioned before, this is for intentional rescheduling. If a meeting is moved from Monday to Wednesday, it is 연기된 것.
Example: 시험 날짜가 일주일 연기되었다. (The exam date was postponed by one week.)
2. 늦춰지다 (Neut-chwo-ji-da) - To be Delayed/Slowed Down: This is a native Korean word (pure Korean) that is slightly less formal than the Sino-Korean 지연되다. It is often used for schedules or physical speeds.
Example: 속도가 늦춰지다. (The speed is slowed down.)
3. 지체되다 (Ji-che-doe-da) - To be Stalled/Delayed: This word emphasizes a 'holdup' or 'procrastination' in a process. It often implies that something is being held back or is not moving as it should.
Example: 일 처리가 지체되고 있다. (The processing of work is being stalled.)

결정이 지체될수록 손해가 커집니다. (The more the decision is stalled, the greater the loss.)

4. 정체되다 (Jeong-che-doe-da) - To be Congested/Stagnant: This is specifically used for traffic (교통 정체) or economic stagnation. It describes a state where things are not moving at all because there are too many of them.
Example: 고속도로가 정체되고 있다. (The highway is congested.)
5. 미뤄지다 (Mi-rwo-ji-da) - To be Pushed Back: A common, slightly more casual way to say something has been postponed.
Example: 마감일이 내일로 미뤄졌다. (The deadline was pushed back to tomorrow.)

Choosing the right word depends on your relationship with the listener and the specific reason for the delay. In a professional report, stick to 지연되다 or 지체되다. In a text to a friend, 늦어지다 or 미뤄지다 will feel much more natural.

چقدر رسمی است؟

نکته جالب

The character 遲 (지) also appears in the word '지각' (being late to school/work), while 延 (연) appears in '연장' (extension).

راهنمای تلفظ

UK t͡ɕijʌ̹ndwe̞da̠

US t͡ɕijʌ̹ndwe̞da̠

The stress is generally even, with a slight emphasis on the first syllable of the root '지'.

سطح دشواری

خواندن 3/5

Common in signs and news, easy to recognize once the Hanja roots are known.

نوشتن 4/5

Requires understanding of passive '되다' and proper particle usage (이/가).

صحبت کردن 4/5

Must be careful not to use it for personal lateness (use 늦다 instead).

گوش دادن 3/5

Clear pronunciation, usually heard in slow, formal announcements.

بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟

پیش‌نیازها

늦다 (To be late) 되다 (To become/be) 시간 (Time) 이유 (Reason) 때문에 (Because of)

بعداً یاد بگیرید

연기하다 (To postpone) 지체하다 (To stall) 정체 (Congestion) 불가피하다 (Inevitable) 보상 (Compensation)

پیشرفته

이행 지연 (Delay of performance) 유예 (Grace period) 시차 (Time difference) 지연 선택 (Delayed choice) 정체성 (Identity - note: different 'jeong-che')

گرامر لازم

Passive '-되다' verbs

지연되다 (to be delayed), 사용되다 (to be used)

Reason '-으로 인해'

폭설로 인해 지연되다 (to be delayed due to heavy snow)

Supposition '-(으)ㄹ 것 같다'

지연될 것 같아요 (I think it will be delayed)

Nominalization '-음/기'

지연됨에 따라 (as it is delayed)

Surprise '-네요'

많이 지연되었네요! (It's been delayed a lot!)

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مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

기차가 지연됐어요.

The train was delayed.

Simple past tense with -됐어요 (contracted from 되었습니다).

비행기가 지연이에요?

Is the flight delayed?

Using the noun '지연' with the 'is' verb '이에요'.

버스가 조금 지연되고 있어요.

The bus is being delayed a little.

Present progressive -고 있어요 shows the delay is happening now.

지연돼서 미안해요.

I'm sorry it was delayed. (referring to a process)

-아서/어서 indicates the reason for the apology.

오늘 배송이 지연됩니다.

Delivery is delayed today.

Formal present tense -ㅂ니다 used in announcements.

왜 지연됐어요?

Why was it delayed?

Question form using the past tense.

지연되지 않았어요.

It was not delayed.

Negative form -지 않다.

지연 소식이 있어요.

There is news of a delay.

Noun '지연' modifying '소식' (news).

날씨 때문에 비행기가 지연되었어요.

The flight was delayed because of the weather.

'때문에' used to show the reason for the delay.

배송이 2일 지연될 거예요.

The delivery will be delayed for two days.

Future tense -(으)ㄹ 거예요 for a prediction.

사고로 인해 지하철이 지연되고 있습니다.

The subway is being delayed due to an accident.

'-(으)로 인해' is a more formal way to say 'because of'.

지연된 이유를 알려주세요.

Please tell me the reason for the delay.

'지연된' is the past participle form modifying '이유' (reason).

회의가 10분 지연되었습니다.

The meeting was delayed by 10 minutes.

Specific time duration used with the verb.

버스가 지연되면 전화해 주세요.

If the bus is delayed, please call me.

Conditional -(으)면.

지연되는 것이 싫어요.

I hate things being delayed.

Nominalizing the verb with -는 것.

공항에서 지연 안내를 들었어요.

I heard a delay announcement at the airport.

'지연 안내' is a compound noun (delay announcement).

주문 폭주로 인해 배송이 지연될 수 있습니다.

Delivery may be delayed due to a flood of orders.

'-(으)ㄹ 수 있다' expresses possibility.

공사 일정이 예상보다 많이 지연되었네요.

The construction schedule was delayed much more than expected.

-네요 expresses surprise or realization.

시스템 점검으로 서비스 이용이 지연되고 있습니다.

Service use is being delayed due to system maintenance.

Formal announcement style using -고 있습니다.

답변이 지연된 점 너그러운 양해 부탁드립니다.

We ask for your kind understanding regarding the delayed response.

Standard business apology phrase.

교통 체증 때문에 도착이 지연될 것 같아요.

I think the arrival will be delayed because of traffic congestion.

'-(으)ㄹ 것 같다' expresses a supposition or polite prediction.

지연된 시간만큼 더 일해야 해요.

I have to work more for as much as the time was delayed.

'-만큼' indicates 'as much as'.

결재가 지연되어서 프로젝트를 시작할 수 없어요.

I can't start the project because the approval is delayed.

Causal link between delay and inability to act.

비행기 지연 보상을 받을 수 있을까요?

Can I get compensation for the flight delay?

'지연 보상' (delay compensation) is a common travel term.

원자재 수급 불균형으로 생산이 장기적으로 지연될 전망입니다.

Production is expected to be delayed long-term due to an imbalance in raw material supply.

'-(으)ㄹ 전망이다' is used for official forecasts.

재판 절차가 지연되면서 피해자들의 불만이 커지고 있습니다.

As the trial proceedings are delayed, the dissatisfaction of the victims is growing.

'-면서' indicates two actions occurring simultaneously or as a result.

기술적인 결함으로 인해 발사가 잠정적으로 지연되었습니다.

The launch has been tentatively delayed due to technical defects.

'잠정적으로' (tentatively) is a high-level adverb.

지연된 정의는 정의가 아니라는 말이 있습니다.

There is a saying that justice delayed is not justice.

Quoting a famous proverb using '라는 말이 있다'.

예산안 처리가 지연됨에 따라 신규 사업에 차질이 생겼습니다.

As the processing of the budget bill is delayed, disruptions have occurred in new projects.

'-함에 따라' shows a cause-effect relationship in formal writing.

소프트웨어 업데이트가 예상치 못한 오류로 지연되고 있습니다.

The software update is being delayed due to an unexpected error.

'예상치 못한' (unexpected) is a common B2 adjective.

공급망 혼란이 해소되지 않으면 지연은 불가피합니다.

If the supply chain disruption is not resolved, delay is inevitable.

'불가피하다' (inevitable) is a formal academic term.

수사가 지연되는 이유에 대해 명확한 설명이 필요합니다.

A clear explanation is needed regarding the reason why the investigation is being delayed.

'~에 대해' (about/regarding) is used for formal topics.

행정 절차의 복잡성이 의사결정을 심각하게 지연시키고 있다.

The complexity of administrative procedures is seriously delaying decision-making.

Causative form '지연시키다' used to show the agent of the delay.

지연 이자는 원금에 비례하여 산정됩니다.

Late interest is calculated in proportion to the principal.

'지연 이자' (late interest) is a technical legal/financial term.

착공이 지연될 경우 시공사는 위약금을 지불해야 합니다.

If the start of construction is delayed, the contractor must pay a penalty.

'-(으)ㄹ 경우' (in the case of) is common in contracts.

심리적 지연 현상은 스트레스의 주요 원인 중 하나입니다.

The phenomenon of psychological delay is one of the main causes of stress.

Using '지연' in a psychological/scientific context.

보상금 지급이 지연되자 주민들이 거세게 항의했습니다.

When the payment of compensation was delayed, the residents protested strongly.

'-자' is a conjunction meaning 'as soon as' or 'because... then...'

데이터 전송 지연을 최소화하기 위해 서버를 증설했습니다.

We expanded the servers to minimize data transmission delays.

'지연을 최소화하다' (to minimize delay) is a technical phrase.

발달이 지연되는 아동을 위한 조기 개입이 중요합니다.

Early intervention is important for children whose development is delayed.

'발달 지연' (developmental delay) is a medical term.

신호 지연으로 인해 원격 수술의 위험성이 지적되었다.

The risks of remote surgery due to signal delay were pointed out.

'신호 지연' (signal latency/delay) used in technology contexts.

역사의 흐름 속에서 개혁의 지연은 종종 혁명을 초래한다.

In the flow of history, the delay of reform often brings about revolution.

Abstract usage of '지연' in a historical/philosophical context.

양자 역학에서의 지연 선택 실험은 시간의 개념을 뒤흔든다.

Delayed choice experiments in quantum mechanics shake the concept of time.

Scientific term '지연 선택 실험' (delayed choice experiment).

언어 습득의 지연이 반드시 지적 능력의 저하를 의미하는 것은 아니다.

A delay in language acquisition does not necessarily mean a decline in intellectual ability.

'반드시 ~하는 것은 아니다' (not necessarily) structure.

관료주의적 지연은 국가 경쟁력을 약화시키는 고질적인 문제이다.

Bureaucratic delay is a chronic problem that weakens national competitiveness.

'고질적인' (chronic/inveterate) is a sophisticated C2 adjective.

자아 실현의 지연이 주는 고통을 문학적으로 형상화했다.

The pain caused by the delay of self-actualization was artistically embodied in literature.

'형상화하다' (to embody/shape) is a literary term.

신경 전달의 미세한 지연이 인지 기능에 미치는 영향.

The effect of minute delays in neural transmission on cognitive function.

'미세한' (minute/fine) used in scientific observation.

공급망의 국지적 지연이 글로벌 경제에 미치는 나비효과.

The butterfly effect of localized supply chain delays on the global economy.

'국지적' (localized) and '나비효과' (butterfly effect) are C2 vocabulary.

정의의 지연은 곧 정의의 거부와 다름없다는 인식이 확산되었다.

The perception that the delay of justice is no different from the denial of justice has spread.

'~와/과 다름없다' (is no different from) is a strong rhetorical device.

مترادف‌ها

늦어지다 미뤄지다 연기되다 체체되다

متضادها

앞당겨지다 신속하다

ترکیب‌های رایج

비행기가 지연되다

배송이 지연되다

공사가 지연되다

결재가 지연되다

응답이 지연되다

처리가 지연되다

발표가 지연되다

도착이 지연되다

상환이 지연되다

개막이 지연되다

عبارات رایج

지연 보상

— Compensation given to customers when a service (like a flight) is delayed.

지연 보상을 신청하고 싶습니다.

지연 이자

— Interest charged for late payment of a debt.

지연 이자가 붙기 전에 갚으세요.

지연 안내

— An announcement or notification informing about a delay.

지연 안내 방송이 나왔어요.

지연 사유

— The reason or cause for a delay.

지연 사유를 명확히 밝혀주세요.

배송 지연

— A delay in the shipping or delivery of goods.

배송 지연 문자를 받았습니다.

출발 지연

— A delay in the departure of a vehicle.

출발 지연으로 공항에서 대기 중이다.

도착 지연

— A delay in the arrival of a vehicle or person.

도착 지연으로 인해 미팅에 늦었습니다.

무기한 지연

— An indefinite delay with no set future time.

프로젝트가 무기한 지연되었습니다.

잠정 지연

— A temporary or tentative delay.

경기가 잠정 지연되었습니다.

불가피한 지연

— An unavoidable delay due to circumstances beyond control.

불가피한 지연에 대해 사과드립니다.

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

지연되다 vs 늦다

'늦다' is for people or general lateness; '지연되다' is for schedules and processes.

지연되다 vs 연기되다

'연기되다' is an intentional move to a new date; '지연되다' is a lag or accidental delay.

지연되다 vs 지체되다

'지체되다' often implies a negative stalling or inefficiency within a process.

اصطلاحات و عبارات

"발목을 잡다"

— To hold someone back or delay progress (literally: to grab one's ankle).

예산 부족이 사업의 발목을 잡아 지연되고 있다.

Neutral

"거북이 걸음"

— To move at a snail's pace, causing a delay.

차들이 거북이 걸음을 하며 통행이 지연되고 있다.

Informal

"게걸음 치다"

— To make little or no progress (literally: to walk like a crab).

협상이 게걸음 치며 지연되고 있다.

Neutral

"차일피일 미루다"

— To keep putting off something day after day.

결정을 차일피일 미루며 지연시키고 있다.

Neutral

"손을 놓다"

— To stop working on something, causing a delay.

인력 부족으로 공사에서 손을 놓아 지연되었다.

Informal

"앞길을 가로막다"

— To block the way or hinder progress.

여러 규제들이 사업의 앞길을 가로막아 지연되고 있다.

Neutral

"제자리걸음을 하다"

— To mark time or make no progress.

논의가 제자리걸음을 하며 지연되고 있다.

Neutral

"시간을 끌다"

— To stall for time or drag one's feet.

상대방이 시간을 끌면서 계약이 지연되었다.

Neutral

"물 건너가다"

— To be too late or to have failed (literally: to have crossed the water).

일정이 너무 지연되어 이번 기회는 물 건너갔다.

Informal

"뜸을 들이다"

— To take a long time to do something (literally: to steam rice).

대답을 너무 뜸을 들여서 결정이 지연되었다.

Informal

به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

지연되다 vs 늦다

Both mean 'late' in English.

'늦다' is an adjective/verb for general lateness. '지연되다' is a formal passive verb for scheduled delays.

나는 학교에 늦었다 (I was late for school). 기차가 지연되었다 (The train was delayed).

지연되다 vs 연기하다

Both involve moving time back.

'연기하다' is active and intentional (postpone). '지연되다' is passive and often unintentional (be delayed).

회의를 내일로 연기했다 (I postponed the meeting). 회의가 지연되었다 (The meeting was delayed).

지연되다 vs 지체하다

Both imply a delay in time.

'지체하다' emphasizes wasting time or a holdup. '지연되다' is a more neutral description of a schedule lag.

지체하지 말고 가세요 (Go without stalling). 승인이 지연되고 있다 (Approval is being delayed).

지연되다 vs 정체되다

Both involve things not moving.

'정체되다' is specifically for traffic or stagnation (no movement). '지연되다' is for a schedule being pushed back.

길이 정체된다 (The road is congested). 버스가 지연된다 (The bus is delayed).

지연되다 vs 미루다

Both mean to put something off.

'미루다' is the native Korean active verb (to postpone). '지연되다' is the Sino-Korean passive verb.

숙제를 내일로 미뤘다 (I put off my homework). 발매가 지연되었다 (The release was delayed).

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

[Noun]이/가 지연됐어요.

기차가 지연됐어요.

[Reason] 때문에 지연됐어요.

눈 때문에 지연됐어요.

[Reason]으로 인해 지연되고 있습니다.

고장으로 인해 지연되고 있습니다.

지연될 가능성이 있습니다.

배송이 지연될 가능성이 있습니다.

지연될 것으로 보입니다.

공사가 지연될 것으로 보입니다.

지연됨에 따라 [Result].

출발이 지연됨에 따라 일정이 변경되었습니다.

지연을 최소화하기 위해 [Action].

지연을 최소화하기 위해 노력하고 있습니다.

지연의 고질적인 원인은 [Noun]이다.

지연의 고질적인 원인은 관료주의이다.

خانواده کلمه

اسم‌ها

지연 (Delay)

지연제 (Retardant)

지연기 (Delayer/Delay unit)

فعل‌ها

지연시키다 (To delay something - causative)

مرتبط

연기 (Postponement)

지체 (Stall)

정체 (Congestion)

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نحوه استفاده

frequency

Very high in logistics, transport, and office settings.

اشتباهات رایج

제가 지연됐어요. → 제가 늦었어요.
'지연되다' is for processes and things, not for people being late to a social event.
회의를 지연됐어요. → 회의가 지연됐어요.
'지연되다' is an intransitive/passive verb and cannot take the object particle '를'.
기차가 연기됐어요. → 기차가 지연됐어요.
'연기되다' implies an intentional rescheduling. A train being late due to a problem is '지연되다'.
지연하는 이유가 뭐예요? → 지연되는 이유가 뭐예요?
'지연하다' is rarely used; the passive '지연되다' is the standard way to ask about a delay.
배송이 지각됐어요. → 배송이 지연됐어요.
'지각' is specifically for people being late to school or work.

نکات

Focus on '되다'

Remember that '되다' makes the word passive. You are describing a state that is happening to a schedule, not an action you are doing.

Travel Essential

If you travel to Korea, memorize this word. It is the single most important word to know when looking at bus or train schedules.

Business Politeness

Use '지연되다' in emails to sound professional. It sounds much better than '늦어서 죄송합니다' when talking about a project.

Particle Choice

Never use '을/를' with '지연되다'. Since it's passive, it only takes '이/가'.

Hanja Connection

If you know the Hanja for 'slow' (遲) and 'extend' (延), you will never forget this word.

Avoid Personal Use

Always remember: Things '지연되다', people '늦다'.

Announcement Pattern

In announcements, the word '지연' is often followed by '안내' (announcement). Listen for '지연 안내 말씀 드립니다'.

Formal Nuance

In writing, use '지연이 불가피하다' to say a delay is unavoidable. It sounds very sophisticated.

Vs. Postpone

Use '연기되다' if there is a specific new date. Use '지연되다' if it's just a general lag.

IT Context

In IT, this word is used for 'latency'. If your game is lagging, the '지연 시간' (ping/latency) is high.

حفظ کنید

روش یادسپاری

Think of 'Ji' as 'Just' and 'Yeon' as 'Yawn'. When things are 'Just Yawningly' slow, they are 'Ji-yeon-doe-da' (delayed).

تداعی تصویری

Imagine a large airport departure board where the word 'DELAYED' is flashing in bright red letters. The Korean equivalent is '지연'.

شبکه واژگان

Airport Traffic Deadline Weather Technical Error Postpone Slow Schedule

چالش

Try to use '지연되다' in a sentence explaining why a fictional spaceship launch was late.

ریشه کلمه

Derived from the Hanja 遲 (지 - slow/late) and 延 (연 - extend/prolong).

معنای اصلی: To extend the time by being slow.

Sino-Korean (Hanja) roots with a native Korean auxiliary verb '되다'.

بافت فرهنگی

When apologizing for a delay in a professional setting, always use '지연' rather than '늦음' to maintain a professional distance from the error.

English speakers often say 'I'm running late,' but in Korean, you must distinguish if the 'thing' is delayed or the 'person' is late.

The KTX (Korean Train Express) is famous for its punctuality, so a '지연' announcement is rare and taken seriously. Korean news often uses '지연' when discussing the 'Low Birth Rate' as 'Marriage Delay' (결혼 지연).

تمرین در زندگی واقعی

موقعیت‌های واقعی

Airport/Travel

비행기가 지연되었습니다.
지연 증명서를 발급해 주세요.
얼마나 지연될까요?
연결편이 지연됐어요.

Office/Business

업무가 지연되고 있습니다.
결재 지연 사유를 보고하세요.
프로젝트가 지연될 것 같습니다.
답변 지연에 대해 사과드립니다.

Online Shopping

배송이 지연되고 있습니다.
물량 폭주로 지연됩니다.
지연 보상 적립금을 드립니다.
입고 지연 안내입니다.

Traffic/Subway

열차 진입이 지연되고 있습니다.
교통 사고로 지연이 예상됩니다.
신호 대기로 지연 중입니다.
지하철 지연 때문에 늦었습니다.

Construction/Projects

공사가 지연되어 완공이 늦어집니다.
예산 문제로 지연되었습니다.
일정 지연이 불가피합니다.
지연된 일정을 복구해야 합니다.

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

"비행기가 지연됐을 때 어떻게 시간을 보내세요?"

"배송이 지연되면 보통 고객 센터에 연락하시나요?"

"회사에서 업무가 지연될 때 가장 큰 원인은 무엇인가요?"

"지하철이 지연되어서 약속에 늦은 적이 있나요?"

"지연된 정의는 정의가 아니라는 말에 동의하시나요?"

موضوعات نگارش

오늘 내 계획 중에서 지연된 것이 있었나요?

배송 지연 문자를 받았을 때의 기분을 써보세요.

지연된 프로젝트를 다시 정상화하기 위한 계획을 세워보세요.

인생에서 무언가가 지연되어서 오히려 좋았던 경험이 있나요?

한국의 '빨리빨리' 문화와 '지연되다'라는 단어의 관계에 대해 생각해보세요.

سوالات متداول

10 سوال

No, that would sound very strange. You should use '늦다'. For example, '미안해, 좀 늦었어' (Sorry, I'm a bit late). '지연되다' is for things like trains or office tasks.

'지연' is the noun (delay), and '지연되다' is the verb (to be delayed). You see '지연' on airport screens, but you use '지연되다' in a sentence.

Usually, yes, because it means something is not happening on time. However, in technical contexts, it's just a neutral description of time lag.

You should say '배송이 지연되고 있습니다' or '배송이 지연되었습니다'.

The causative form is '지연시키다', which means 'to delay (something)'. For example, '비가 경기를 지연시켰다' (The rain delayed the game).

Yes, it is a very common 'news word' used for government bills, economic reports, and traffic updates.

Yes, you can say '인터넷 연결이 지연되고 있다' to mean the connection is lagging or slow.

Use the subject particle '이/가'. For example, '공사가 지연되다'.

In casual speech, you can say '지연됐어요', but in official contexts, you should use the full form.

Yes, '영화 개봉이 지연되었다' is a perfect sentence for a movie release being delayed.

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