این صفحه به زبان شما

English

العربية

Deutsch

Español

Français

日本語

한국어

Português

中文

हिन्दी

B1 noun #7,000 پرکاربردترین 9 دقیقه مطالعه

포식자

رتبه 7,000

تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها 포식자 در ۳۰ ثانیه

توضیح 포식자 in your Level:

At the A1 level, you don't need to use the word '포식자' (posikja) very often, but it is helpful to recognize it when looking at pictures of animals. Think of it as a fancy word for 'an animal that eats other animals.' At this stage, you likely know words like '사자' (lion), '호랑이' (tiger), and '상어' (shark). These are all examples of a 포식자. You can think of the word as being made of three parts: 'Po' (catch), 'Sik' (eat), and 'Ja' (thing/animal). So, it's an 'animal that catches and eats.' If you see a picture of a lion hunting a zebra in a book, the lion is the 포식자. You might hear this word in very simple nature videos for children. Just remember: 포식자 = predator (big, scary animals that hunt).

برای خواندن توضیح کامل رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

At the A2 level, you are starting to learn more descriptive words for the world around you. '포식자' (posikja) is a great word to add to your vocabulary when talking about nature or science. You can use it in simple sentences like '사자는 포식자예요' (The lion is a predator). You should also learn its opposite: '피식자' (pisikja), which means 'prey.' In a simple food chain, the 포식자 eats the 피식자. Understanding this pair of words will help you when reading simple news articles about the environment or watching basic educational programs. You might also notice that '포식자' is used in the titles of movies or cartoons. At this level, focus on the biological meaning and practice using it with basic subject and object markers like -가 and -를.

برای خواندن توضیح کامل رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

At the B1 level, you should be comfortable using '포식자' (posikja) in both biological and metaphorical contexts. This is the level where you move beyond just 'lion' and 'tiger' and start talking about 'ecosystems' (생태계). You can use '포식자' to describe the balance of nature: '포식자가 없으면 생태계가 무너져요' (If there are no predators, the ecosystem collapses). You will also start encountering this word in news reports about business or society. For example, a very aggressive company might be called a '포식자.' You should also learn common collocations like '최상위 포식자' (apex predator). This level requires you to understand that '포식자' is a formal, scientific word, and using it correctly shows that you have a more advanced grasp of Korean vocabulary than a beginner.

At the B2 level, you should understand the deeper nuances of '포식자' (posikja) and how it differs from similar words like '천적' (natural enemy) or '맹수' (fierce beast). You should be able to follow discussions in documentaries or read editorial pieces that use '포식자' metaphorically to critique social power structures. For instance, you might read about '포식자 자본주의' (predatory capitalism). At this level, you are expected to use the word in written essays or formal presentations about biology, environmental issues, or even social psychology. You should also be familiar with the verb form '포식하다' (to prey upon/eat to one's fill) and how it is used in literature to create a strong, often dark, atmosphere. Your usage should reflect an understanding of the word's formal register.

برای خواندن توضیح کامل رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

At the C1 level, '포식자' (posikja) becomes a tool for precise and sophisticated expression. You should be able to analyze the use of this term in complex academic texts, legal documents (regarding predatory behavior), and high-level literature. You will encounter the word in discussions about 'keystone species' or 'trophic cascades,' where the role of the 포식자 is described in technical detail. Metaphorically, you might use it to describe predatory pricing in economics or predatory grooming in social contexts. You should be able to distinguish between the neutral biological usage and the highly charged, negative social usage. At this level, you can also explore the Hanja roots (捕食者) to understand how the word relates to other vocabulary like '포획' (capture) or '식성' (dietary habits).

برای خواندن توضیح کامل رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

At the C2 level, you have a native-like command of '포식자' (posikja). You can use it with absolute precision in any context, from a scientific symposium to a poetic critique of human nature. You understand the historical evolution of the term and how it has been used in Korean intellectual discourse to describe themes of social Darwinism (약육강식). You can effortlessly switch between the literal biological meaning and various metaphorical layers—economic, political, and psychological. You are also aware of how the term is used in specialized fields like cyber-security ('predatory' algorithms) or advanced sociology. Your ability to use '포식자' and its related forms allows you to engage in deep, nuanced conversations about the fundamental nature of survival, power, and the structures that define our world.

برای خواندن توضیح کامل رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها

포식자 در ۳۰ ثانیه

포식자 (posikja) is the Korean word for 'predator,' referring to animals that hunt and eat others for survival in an ecosystem.
It is a formal, Hanja-based noun (捕食者) used in biology, documentaries, and metaphorical contexts like business or sports.
The word is frequently paired with '피식자' (prey) to describe ecological relationships and the balance of nature.
In social contexts, it can describe aggressive or dominant individuals, though it often carries a cold or sinister connotation.

The Korean word 포식자 (posikja) is a sophisticated noun primarily used to describe a biological entity that survives by consuming other organisms. In its most literal sense, it translates to 'predator.' However, its usage extends far beyond the realm of National Geographic documentaries. To understand this word, we must look at its components: 捕 (포) meaning 'to catch' or 'to seize,' 食 (식) meaning 'to eat' or 'food,' and 者 (자) which is a suffix denoting a person, thing, or agent. Together, they form a vivid image of an 'agent that catches and eats.' This word is essential for anyone discussing ecology, the natural world, or even complex power dynamics in human society.

Biological Context: In biology, a 포식자 is any animal that hunts, kills, and eats other animals. For example, a lion is a classic 포식자 in the African savanna. It occupies a specific niche in the food chain (먹이 사슬), often sitting at the very top as an 'apex predator' (최상위 포식자). This term is used in scientific papers, textbooks, and nature programs to describe the balance of ecosystems.
Metaphorical Context: In human society, the term is frequently applied to individuals or organizations that exhibit aggressive, dominant, or exploitative behavior. In the business world, a large corporation that acquires smaller competitors might be called a 'predatory company' or a business 포식자. In sports, a player who dominates the field and 'hunts' for goals or points is often described using this imagery.
Social and Psychological Nuance: The word can also carry a darker, more sinister connotation when referring to social behavior. A 'sexual predator' is translated as 성포식자, though more specific legal terms are often used. In psychological thrillers or crime dramas, a serial killer might be described as a 포식자 to emphasize their cold, calculated method of selecting victims.

사자는 초원의 가장 강력한 포식자 중 하나입니다.
(The lion is one of the most powerful predators on the savanna.)

그 기업은 시장의 포식자처럼 작은 회사들을 합병해 나갔다.
(That corporation merged smaller companies like a predator of the market.)

Furthermore, the word is often paired with its counterpart, 피식자 (pisikja), which means 'prey.' In any ecological discussion, the relationship between the 포식자 and the 피식자 is central to understanding the flow of energy and the maintenance of biodiversity. In literature, this dynamic is often used to explore themes of power, survival, and the 'law of the jungle' (약육강식 - the weak are meat, the strong eat). Understanding this word allows you to grasp deeper meanings in Korean media, from nature documentaries to political thrillers.

Using 포식자 correctly requires an understanding of its formal and scientific tone. While it is a common word, it isn't typically used in casual, everyday conversation unless the topic is specific to animals or metaphorical power dynamics. You wouldn't usually call your cat a 포식자 while it's playing with a toy unless you were being intentionally dramatic or scientific.

As a Subject: When the predator is the one performing the action, use the subject markers -가 or -이. For example: '포식자가 먹이를 찾고 있다' (The predator is looking for prey). This is the standard way to describe the actions of a predator in a narrative or report.
As an Object: When something is being done to the predator, use the object markers -를 or -을. For example: '우리는 생태계에서 포식자를 보호해야 한다' (We must protect predators in the ecosystem). This structure is common in environmental discussions.
In Compound Nouns: 포식자 often combines with other nouns to create specific terms. '최상위 포식자' (Apex predator), '해양 포식자' (Marine predator), and '잠재적 포식자' (Potential predator) are all common collocations found in academic and journalistic writing.

상어는 바다의 가장 위협적인 포식자입니다.
(Sharks are the most threatening predators of the ocean.)

생태계의 균형을 유지하기 위해서는 포식자의 역할이 중요합니다.
(The role of the predator is important for maintaining the balance of the ecosystem.)

In more advanced contexts, you might see the verb form 포식하다, which means 'to prey upon' or 'to eat to one's fill.' However, 포식자 as a noun is much more frequent. When describing a predator's behavior, you might use verbs like '사냥하다' (to hunt), '공격하다' (to attack), or '위협하다' (to threaten). These verbs help build a complete picture of the 포식자 in action. Whether you are describing a tiger in a forest or a ruthless CEO in a boardroom, the word provides a strong, evocative image of dominance and survival.

The word 포식자 is ubiquitous in specific genres of Korean media and academic settings. If you are a fan of nature documentaries (다큐멘터리), you will hear this word in almost every episode. Narrators use it to describe the life cycles of animals, the drama of the hunt, and the harsh realities of nature. It provides a more clinical and professional tone than the simpler word '사냥꾼' (hunter).

News and Current Events: In news reporting, 포식자 is often used metaphorically. You might hear journalists discuss '경제적 포식자' (economic predators) when talking about countries or companies that dominate international markets at the expense of others. It is also used in crime reporting to describe individuals who target vulnerable populations, such as '아동 포식자' (child predator).
Science and Education: From elementary school science classes to university-level biology lectures, this word is the standard term for a predator. Students learn about the '포식자-피식자 관계' (predator-prey relationship) as a fundamental concept in ecology. It is a 'must-know' word for anyone taking the TOPIK exam or studying in a Korean academic environment.
Movies and Literature: Korean thrillers and horror movies frequently use the concept of a predator. For instance, the famous K-drama titled 'Mouse' (마우스) explores the psychology of 'top 1% psychopath predators.' In these contexts, the word emphasizes the inhuman and lethal nature of the antagonist.

이 다큐멘터리는 심해의 신비로운 포식자들을 소개합니다.
(This documentary introduces the mysterious predators of the deep sea.)

그는 범죄 세계에서 냉혹한 포식자로 알려져 있다.
(He is known as a cold-blooded predator in the criminal world.)

In summary, while you might not use 포식자 in a casual 'how was your day' conversation, it is an essential part of the Korean linguistic landscape. It bridges the gap between scientific precision and evocative storytelling. Whether you are reading a biology textbook or watching a high-stakes legal drama, being familiar with this word will significantly enhance your comprehension of professional and literary Korean.

Even for intermediate learners, the word 포식자 can be tricky because of its specific nuances and the existence of similar-sounding or similar-meaning words. Avoiding these common pitfalls will make your Korean sound more natural and precise.

Confusing with '사냥꾼' (Sanyang-kkun): Many learners use '사냥꾼' and '포식자' interchangeably. While both involve hunting, '사냥꾼' usually refers to a human hunter (like someone with a bow or gun) or a specific role an animal takes during a hunt. '포식자' is a broader biological classification. You wouldn't call a spider a '사냥꾼' in a scientific context; you'd call it a '포식자.'
Incorrect Particle Usage: As mentioned before, learners often mix up -이/가 and -을/를. Since '포식자' refers to an active agent (one who eats), it is frequently the subject of a sentence. Ensure you use '포식자가' when the predator is doing something, and '포식자를' when talking about observing or studying the predator.
Misusing the Metaphor: Calling a friend a '포식자' because they eat a lot at a buffet is technically 'over-eating' (과식 - gwasik), not being a predator. Using '포식자' in this context sounds like you are calling them a dangerous animal. If someone eats a lot, use '대식가' (big eater) instead.

Wrong: 내 친구는 뷔페에서 포식자예요.
Correct: 내 친구는 뷔페에서 대식가예요.
(My friend is a big eater at the buffet.)

Wrong: 숲에 포식자가 총을 들고 있어요.
Correct: 숲에 사냥꾼이 총을 들고 있어요.
(There is a hunter with a gun in the forest.)

Lastly, be careful with the pronunciation of the middle syllable '식' (sik). The 'k' sound at the end (받침) should be a clean stop. If you don't pronounce the final 'k' clearly, it might sound like '포시자,' which isn't a word. Practice saying '포-식-자' slowly to ensure every syllable is distinct. By keeping these distinctions in mind, you will use the word with the precision of a native speaker.

To truly master 포식자, it helps to understand the ecosystem of related Korean words. Depending on the context—whether you're talking about biology, hunting, or natural enemies—different words might be more appropriate.

천적 (Cheon-jeok) - Natural Enemy: While a '포식자' is any animal that eats another, a '천적' is a specific biological enemy that keeps a population in check. For example, a cat is a '천적' to a mouse. This word is often used metaphorically for people who are someone's 'kryptonite' or natural rival. '그는 나의 천적이다' means 'He is my natural enemy/rival.'
사냥꾼 (Sanyang-kkun) - Hunter: As discussed, this refers more to the act of hunting. It is the most common word for human hunters. It is also used in sports (e.g., '골 사냥꾼' for a goal-getter in soccer) and in titles of movies or books where the focus is on the chase.
맹수 (Maeng-su) - Fierce Beast: This word refers specifically to large, dangerous predatory mammals like tigers, lions, or bears. If you want to emphasize the terrifying power of a predator, '맹수' is the word to use. It carries a connotation of wildness and raw strength.
강자 (Gang-ja) - The Strong: In social or political contexts, instead of '포식자,' you might use '강자.' This refers to someone in a position of power or strength. It is often contrasted with '약자' (the weak).

고양이는 쥐의 천적입니다.
(Cats are the natural enemies of mice.)

정글에는 무서운 맹수들이 살고 있습니다.
(Fierce beasts live in the jungle.)

Choosing the right word depends on what aspect of the 'predator' you want to highlight. If you are writing a research paper on wolves, use 포식자. If you are telling a story about a scary animal in the woods, use 맹수. If you are talking about a persistent rival at work, use 천적. Expanding your vocabulary in this way allows for more nuanced and expressive communication in Korean.

چقدر رسمی است؟

نکته جالب

While '포식자' is the scientific term for predator, the same Hanja for '포식' (捕食) is homophonous with '포식' (飽食), which means 'eating until full' or 'overeating.' Context is key!

راهنمای تلفظ

UK pʰo.ɕik̚.t͈ɕa

US pʰo.ɕik̚.t͈ɕa

Emphasis is usually placed on the first syllable '포' (po) to distinguish it from other similar words.

هم‌قافیه با

학습자 (hakseupja - learner) 보호자 (bohoja - guardian) 소비자 (sobija - consumer) 노동자 (nodongja - worker) 발표자 (balpyoja - presenter) 참가자 (chamgaja - participant) 피해자 (pihaeja - victim) 가해자 (gahaeja - perpetrator)

خطاهای رایج

Pronouncing '포' as '보' (bo) without aspiration.
Failing to make the 'k' stop at the end of '식' (sik).
Pronouncing '자' (ja) too softly; it should be slightly tensed after '식'.
Confusing it with '포식' (overeating), which lacks the '자' suffix.
Merging the syllables too quickly, losing the clarity of the Hanja roots.

سطح دشواری

خواندن 3/5

The Hanja roots are clear, but it appears in complex scientific or metaphorical texts.

نوشتن 4/5

Requires correct particle usage and understanding of formal register.

صحبت کردن 3/5

Pronunciation of the 'sik' stop is key to sounding natural.

گوش دادن 3/5

Common in documentaries; needs to be distinguished from '보식자' or '포식'.

بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟

پیش‌نیازها

동물 (animal) 먹다 (eat) 사냥 (hunting) 강하다 (strong) 사자 (lion)

بعداً یاد بگیرید

피식자 (prey) 생태계 (ecosystem) 먹이 사슬 (food chain) 멸종 (extinction) 서식지 (habitat)

پیشرفته

공진화 (co-evolution) 생물 다양성 (biodiversity) 약육강식 (law of the jungle) 군림하다 (to reign/dominate) 포획하다 (to capture)

گرامر لازم

-에 의해 (by)

물고기가 포식자에 의해 잡아먹혔다.

-처럼/같이 (like)

그는 사자처럼 포식자의 위엄을 보여주었다.

-기 위해 (in order to)

포식자는 생존하기 위해 사냥을 한다.

-라는 (called/as)

그는 시장의 포식자라는 별명을 가졌다.

-로부터 (from)

작은 동물들은 포식자로부터 도망쳤다.

برای خواندن توضیح کامل رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

사자는 무서운 포식자입니다.

The lion is a scary predator.

Noun + 입니다 (is).

상어는 바다의 포식자예요.

Sharks are predators of the sea.

Noun + 예요 (is - polite).

포식자가 사냥을 해요.

The predator hunts.

Subject marker -가.

작은 동물은 포식자를 피해요.

Small animals avoid predators.

Object marker -를.

이 동물은 포식자입니까?

Is this animal a predator?

Question form -입니까?

호랑이는 힘이 센 포식자예요.

The tiger is a strong predator.

Adjective + Noun.

포식자가 먹이를 먹어요.

The predator eats the food/prey.

Subject marker -가.

숲속에 포식자가 살아요.

A predator lives in the forest.

Location marker -에.

포식자는 다른 동물을 잡아먹습니다.

Predators catch and eat other animals.

Topic marker -는.

뱀은 쥐의 포식자 중 하나입니다.

The snake is one of the mouse's predators.

Possessive marker -의.

포식자와 피식자는 같이 살아요.

Predators and prey live together.

Connective -와 (and).

우리는 포식자를 무서워해요.

We are afraid of predators.

Object marker -를.

악어는 강에 사는 포식자예요.

Crocodiles are predators that live in rivers.

Relative clause -는.

포식자가 나타나면 동물들이 도망가요.

When a predator appears, animals run away.

Conditional -면 (when/if).

이 책은 포식자에 대해 설명해요.

This book explains about predators.

-에 대해 (about).

포식자는 사냥을 아주 잘해요.

Predators are very good at hunting.

Adverb + Verb.

인간은 지구상의 최상위 포식자입니다.

Humans are the apex predators on Earth.

Compound noun: 최상위 포식자.

포식자가 사라지면 생태계의 균형이 깨집니다.

If predators disappear, the balance of the ecosystem is broken.

Conditional -면.

그 선수는 경기장에서 포식자처럼 행동해요.

That player acts like a predator on the field.

-처럼 (like).

다큐멘터리에서 포식자의 사냥 기술을 봤어요.

I saw the predator's hunting techniques in a documentary.

Possessive -의.

포식자는 생존을 위해 먹이를 찾아야 합니다.

Predators must find prey for survival.

-기 위해 (for the sake of).

어떤 동물들은 포식자를 피하기 위해 위장해요.

Some animals camouflage themselves to avoid predators.

Purpose clause -기 위해.

포식자의 개체 수가 줄어들고 있어요.

The number of predators is decreasing.

Present progressive -고 있다.

바다의 포식자인 상어는 매우 빠릅니다.

Sharks, which are predators of the sea, are very fast.

Apposition -인.

이 영화는 냉혹한 포식자의 심리를 다루고 있다.

This movie deals with the psychology of a cold-blooded predator.

Formal ending -고 있다.

대기업의 무분별한 확장은 시장의 포식자라는 비판을 받는다.

The reckless expansion of large corporations is criticized for being market predators.

Quotation form -라는.

포식자와 피식자 사이의 긴장감은 자연의 본질입니다.

The tension between predator and prey is the essence of nature.

Noun + 사이의 (between).

그는 비즈니스 세계에서 포식자로 통한다.

He is known as a predator in the business world.

-로 통한다 (is known as).

포식자의 등장은 먹이 사슬에 큰 변화를 가져왔다.

The appearance of a predator brought a big change to the food chain.

Past tense -아/어 왔다.

환경 오염은 포식자들의 서식지를 위협하고 있습니다.

Environmental pollution is threatening the habitats of predators.

Present progressive -고 있다.

포식자의 날카로운 이빨은 사냥에 최적화되어 있다.

The sharp teeth of a predator are optimized for hunting.

Passive form -어 있다.

사회적 포식자로부터 약자를 보호하는 법이 필요하다.

Laws are needed to protect the weak from social predators.

-로부터 (from).

포식자의 존재는 생물 다양성을 유지하는 데 필수적이다.

The existence of predators is essential for maintaining biodiversity.

-는 데 (in doing something).

이 논문은 포식자의 사냥 전략이 진화에 미치는 영향을 분석한다.

This paper analyzes the impact of predator hunting strategies on evolution.

-에 미치는 영향 (impact on).

그 정치인은 경쟁자들을 제거하는 포식자 같은 면모를 보였다.

That politician showed a predator-like aspect in eliminating competitors.

Adjective-like noun: 포식자 같은.

최상위 포식자의 멸종은 생태계 전체의 붕괴를 초래할 수 있다.

The extinction of apex predators can lead to the collapse of the entire ecosystem.

-를 초래할 수 있다 (can cause).

그는 자신의 이익을 위해 타인을 이용하는 사회적 포식자였다.

He was a social predator who used others for his own benefit.

Past tense -였다.

포식자의 시각에서 바라본 자연은 치열한 생존의 현장이다.

Nature viewed from the perspective of a predator is a site of fierce survival.

-의 시각에서 (from the perspective of).

포식자와 피식자의 공진화는 생태학의 핵심 연구 주제이다.

The co-evolution of predator and prey is a key research topic in ecology.

Compound noun: 공진화 (co-evolution).

일부 조류는 포식자의 접근을 알리기 위해 특유의 경고음을 낸다.

Some birds make unique warning sounds to signal the approach of a predator.

-기 위해 (in order to).

포식자-피식자 모델은 복잡한 생태적 상호작용을 수학적으로 규명한다.

The predator-prey model mathematically clarifies complex ecological interactions.

Technical terminology: 규명한다.

권력의 포식자들은 종종 도덕적 해이의 늪에 빠지곤 한다.

Predators of power often fall into the swamp of moral hazard.

-곤 한다 (habitual action).

이 소설은 인간 내면에 숨겨진 포식자적 본능을 적나라하게 묘사한다.

This novel starkly depicts the predatory instincts hidden within human nature.

Adjectival form: 포식자적.

포식자의 부재는 특정 종의 과잉 번식과 그에 따른 환경 파괴를 유발한다.

The absence of predators causes overpopulation of certain species and subsequent environmental destruction.

-에 따른 (according to/consequent).

그는 시장을 독점하려는 포식자적 기업가 정신을 비판했다.

He criticized the predatory entrepreneurial spirit aimed at monopolizing the market.

Complex noun phrase.

포식자의 사냥 행위는 단순한 폭력이 아니라 생태적 필연성이다.

A predator's act of hunting is not simple violence but an ecological necessity.

Contrastive structure: A가 아니라 B이다.

사이버 포식자들은 익명성의 그늘 뒤에서 취약한 개인들을 노린다.

Cyber predators target vulnerable individuals behind the shade of anonymity.

Metaphorical usage: 사이버 포식자.

진화론적 관점에서 포식자는 피식자의 형질 변화를 유도하는 동인이다.

From an evolutionary perspective, predators are the drivers that induce trait changes in prey.

Academic term: 동인 (driver/motive power).

مترادف‌ها

맹수 약탈자

متضادها

피식자 먹이

ترکیب‌های رایج

최상위 포식자

해양 포식자

잠재적 포식자

냉혹한 포식자

자연계의 포식자

포식자-피식자 관계

포식자의 위협

시장의 포식자

성포식자

포식자의 본능

عبارات رایج

포식자의 눈

— A focused, intense gaze like a predator hunting.

그는 포식자의 눈으로 상대를 노려보았다.

포식자의 위치

— A dominant position in a hierarchy.

그 회사는 업계에서 포식자의 위치에 있다.

포식자의 먹이

— The target or victim of a predator.

토끼는 포식자의 먹이가 되지 않으려 숨었다.

포식자의 습성

— The natural habits and behaviors of a predator.

이 동물은 야행성 포식자의 습성을 가지고 있다.

포식자의 공격

— An attack carried out by a predator.

갑작스러운 포식자의 공격에 숲이 소란해졌다.

포식자의 그늘

— The dangerous influence or presence of a predator.

그들은 포식자의 그늘에서 벗어나려 애썼다.

포식자의 논리

— The logic of the strong dominating the weak.

그의 주장은 전형적인 포식자의 논리였다.

포식자의 미소

— A chilling or confident smile of someone in power.

그는 포식자의 미소를 지으며 계약서에 서명했다.

포식자의 사냥

— The act of a predator hunting.

포식자의 사냥은 자연의 섭리이다.

포식자의 영역

— The territory controlled by a predator.

이곳은 호랑이라는 포식자의 영역이다.

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

포식자 vs 포식 (posik)

This can mean 'predation' (the act of eating prey) OR 'satiety/overeating' (eating until full). Context is necessary.

포식자 vs 사냥꾼 (sanyangkkun)

Refers specifically to the person or animal that is currently hunting, whereas '포식자' is a biological classification.

포식자 vs 천적 (cheonjeok)

Refers to a specific enemy relationship between two species, not just any predator.

اصطلاحات و عبارات

"약육강식"

— The law of the jungle; the weak are meat, the strong eat.

비즈니스 세계는 약육강식의 원리가 지배한다.

Formal/Literary

"호랑이 굴에 들어가야 호랑이 새끼를 잡는다"

— Nothing ventured, nothing gained (literally: you must enter the tiger's den to catch the cub).

위험하지만 호랑이 굴에 들어가는 심정으로 도전했다.

General

"고양이 앞의 쥐"

— A mouse in front of a cat; being helpless in front of a predator.

그는 사장님 앞에서 고양이 앞의 쥐 신세였다.

General

"하룻강아지 범 무서운 줄 모른다"

— A newborn puppy doesn't know to fear a tiger; fools rush in where angels fear to tread.

그의 무모한 도전은 하룻강아지 범 무서운 줄 모르는 격이다.

General

"호가호위"

— Borrowing authority; a fox borrowing the tiger's power to scare others.

그는 상사의 권력을 이용해 호가호위하고 있다.

Formal/Literary

"양의 탈을 쓴 늑대"

— A wolf in sheep's clothing; a predator pretending to be harmless.

그는 친절해 보이지만 사실 양의 탈을 쓴 늑대다.

General

"굶주린 사자 같다"

— To be like a hungry lion; extremely determined or aggressive.

그는 승리를 위해 굶주린 사자처럼 뛰었다.

General

"독 안에 든 쥐"

— A rat in a jar; being trapped with no escape from a predator.

범인은 이제 독 안에 든 쥐 신세다.

General

"용의 꼬리보다 뱀의 머리가 낫다"

— Better to be the head of a snake than the tail of a dragon.

그는 대기업의 말단보다 중소기업의 리더가 되길 원했다.

General

"범 없는 골에 토끼가 스승이라"

— In a valley without a tiger, the rabbit is the teacher (master).

강자가 없으니 약자가 우두머리 행세를 한다.

Literary

به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

포식자 vs 맹수

Both refer to dangerous animals.

맹수 refers to the physical nature (fierce beast), while 포식자 refers to the ecological role (predator).

사자는 무서운 맹수이자 강력한 포식자이다.

포식자 vs 약탈자

Both involve taking things from others.

약탈자 implies stealing or plundering (human context), while 포식자 is about eating for survival (biological context).

그는 시장의 약탈자가 아니라 정당한 포식자였다.

포식자 vs 공격자

Both involve attacking.

공격자 is a general term for anyone who attacks, whereas 포식자 is specifically about hunting and eating.

축구 선수는 공격자이지만 포식자는 아니다.

포식자 vs 포식

Sounds identical to the root of the word.

포식 is the act or state of eating, while 포식자 is the agent (the one who eats).

포식자가 포식을 마쳤다.

포식자 vs 피식자

Only one syllable is different.

포식자 is the eater; 피식자 is the one being eaten.

포식자가 피식자를 쫓고 있다.

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

[Animal]은 [Adjective] 포식자입니다.

사자는 힘센 포식자입니다.

[Animal]은 [Prey]의 포식자예요.

뱀은 쥐의 포식자예요.

[Subject]은/는 최상위 포식자로 알려져 있다.

상어는 바다의 최상위 포식자로 알려져 있다.

포식자가 [Action]를 하고 있다.

포식자가 사냥을 하고 있다.

포식자의 존재는 [Noun]에 필수적이다.

포식자의 존재는 생태계 유지에 필수적이다.

[Person]은 [Context]에서 포식자처럼 행동한다.

그는 비즈니스 미팅에서 포식자처럼 행동한다.

[Noun]은 포식자적 본능을 [Verb].

그는 포식자적 본능을 숨기지 않았다.

포식자와 피식자의 [Noun]은 [Academic Result].

포식자와 피식자의 상호작용은 개체 수 변화를 결정한다.

خانواده کلمه

اسم‌ها

포식 (posik - preying/overeating)

피식자 (pisikja - prey)

포식성 (posikseong - predatory nature)

포식압 (posikap - predation pressure)

فعل‌ها

포식하다 (posikhada - to prey upon/eat to one's fill)

صفت‌ها

포식자적인 (posikjajeogin - predatory)

포식성의 (posikseongui - of predatory nature)

مرتبط

사냥 (sanyang - hunting)

먹이 사슬 (meogi saseul - food chain)

생태계 (saengtaegye - ecosystem)

최상위 (choesangwi - top/apex)

천적 (cheonjeok - natural enemy)

برای دیدن همه مثال‌ها رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

نحوه استفاده

frequency

Common in specialized content (nature, business news, thrillers), but rare in daily casual speech.

اشتباهات رایج

Using '포식자' for a person who eats a lot at dinner. → 대식가 (daesikga)
'포식자' is a biological term for a predator. Using it for a hungry person sounds like you are calling them a wild animal.
Saying '포식자이' instead of '포식자가'. → 포식자가
Nouns ending in a vowel take '-가' as the subject marker.
Confusing '포식자' with '포식' (overeating). → 포식자 (the animal), 포식 (the act)
While they share the same root, '자' is the suffix for the agent. Don't leave it out!
Calling a human hunter a '포식자'. → 사냥꾼 (sanyangkkun)
In most contexts involving humans hunting for sport or food, '사냥꾼' is the correct term.
Pronouncing it as '보식자'. → 포식자
The 'p' must be aspirated. '보식자' is not a standard word and will confuse listeners.

نکات

Think Ecology

Whenever you think of a food chain, use '포식자' for the hunter and '피식자' for the hunted. This pair is inseparable in Korean science.

Aspirate the 'P'

Ensure the first syllable '포' has a strong burst of air. If it's too soft, it might sound like '보' (bo), which changes the meaning.

Particle Check

Since '자' ends in a vowel, always use -가 for subjects and -를 for objects. (포식자가, 포식자를).

Metaphorical Use

Use '포식자' to describe a dominant athlete or a ruthless businessman to add flavor to your descriptions.

Formal Contexts

Use this word in essays or formal reports instead of simpler words like '사냥하는 동물' to sound more professional.

Documentary Keyword

If you hear '포식자' in a documentary, get ready to see some action! It's the signal that a hunt is being described.

Tiger Reference

In Korean culture, the tiger is the ultimate 포식자. Mentioning this can show deep cultural knowledge.

Po-Sik-Ja

Associate 'Po' with 'Power,' 'Sik' with 'Seek,' and 'Ja' with 'Agent.' A powerful agent seeking food.

Sensitive Terms

Be aware that '성포식자' (sexual predator) is a very serious and heavy term used in legal and news contexts.

Vs Sanyangkkun

Remember: A spider is a '포식자,' but a man with a gun is a '사냥꾼.'

حفظ کنید

روش یادسپاری

Think of a 'PO'werful 'SIK' (sick) animal that 'JA'mps (jumps) on its prey. The 'Po' reminds you of power, and 'Sik' sounds like 'seek' (seeking food).

تداعی تصویری

Imagine a lion (포식자) wearing a crown, sitting at the top of a pyramid (the food chain). Below it are smaller animals (피식자).

شبکه واژگان

Lion Tiger Shark Wolf Eagle Food Chain Ecosystem Hunting

چالش

Write three sentences: one about a sea 포식자, one about a land 포식자, and one about a metaphorical 포식자 in a movie you like.

ریشه کلمه

The word is composed of three Hanja characters: 捕 (포 - po), 食 (식 - sik), and 者 (자 - ja). It originated from classical Chinese and was adopted into the Korean lexicon to describe biological and ecological concepts.

معنای اصلی: The literal meaning is 'one who catches and eats.'

Sino-Korean (Hanja-derived vocabulary).

بافت فرهنگی

Be careful when using this word to describe people, as it implies they are ruthless, animalistic, or dangerous. Use '대식가' for people who simply eat a lot.

In English, 'predator' has a very strong negative connotation in social contexts (e.g., sexual predator). In Korean, while '성포식자' exists, the word '포식자' on its own is slightly more neutral and scientific compared to the English equivalent.

The movie 'Predator' (프레데터). The K-drama 'Mouse' (마우스), which discusses psychopath predators. The song 'Predator' by various Korean artists exploring themes of dominance.

تمرین در زندگی واقعی

موقعیت‌های واقعی

Biology/Ecology

포식자-피식자 관계
최상위 포식자
포식자의 개체 수
생태계의 균형

Business/Economics

시장의 포식자
포식적 가격 책정
기업 인수 합병
경쟁 우위

Sports

경기장의 포식자
골 포식자
압도적인 경기력
승부욕

Crime/Law

성포식자
사이버 포식자
범죄 심리
피해자 보호

Literature/Movies

냉혹한 포식자
포식자의 본능
인간의 이면
생존 게임

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

"가장 무서운 해양 포식자는 무엇이라고 생각하세요?"

"생태계에서 포식자가 사라지면 어떤 일이 일어날까요?"

"비즈니스 세계에서도 포식자가 존재한다고 생각하시나요?"

"최근에 본 다큐멘터리 중에 인상 깊은 포식자가 있었나요?"

"인간을 최상위 포식자라고 부르는 것에 대해 어떻게 생각하세요?"

موضوعات نگارش

만약 당신이 자연계의 한 포식자가 된다면, 어떤 동물이 되고 싶나요? 그 이유는 무엇인가요?

우리 사회에서 '포식자'와 같은 역할을 하는 사람이나 단체에 대해 서술해 보세요.

포식자와 피식자의 관계가 자연의 조화에 왜 필요한지 당신의 생각을 적어 보세요.

영화나 책에서 본 가장 인상적인 포식자 캐릭터는 누구였나요?

기술의 발전이 새로운 형태의 '디지털 포식자'를 만들었는지에 대해 논해 보세요.

سوالات متداول

10 سوال

No, that would sound very strange and possibly aggressive. Use '대식가' (daesikga) for a big eater or '미식가' (misikga) for a foodie. '포식자' implies a biological predator.

Yes, it is a formal and scientific word derived from Hanja. It is commonly used in news, documentaries, and academic settings.

'사냥꾼' usually refers to a human hunter or the specific act of hunting. '포식자' is a broader biological term for any animal that preys on others.

You say '최상위 포식자' (choesangwi posikja). '최상위' means 'the highest level.'

Yes, it is often used metaphorically to describe a dominant company that aggressively acquires or outcompetes smaller businesses.

Yes, in a biological context, a spider is a predator because it catches and eats insects.

The biological opposite is '피식자' (pisikja), which means 'prey.'

The '식' ends with a 'k' sound (받침). It should be a clean, unreleased stop, like the 'k' in 'back' but without the puff of air at the end.

Usually, yes. However, it can be used for people, companies, or even computer programs metaphorically to describe predatory behavior.

Yes, it frequently appears in the reading and listening sections of the TOPIK II, especially in topics related to science, environment, or society.

برای نکات و یادداشت‌ها رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید