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A1 noun 11 دقیقه مطالعه

spodnie

تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها spodnie در ۳۰ ثانیه

توضیح spodnie in your Level:

At the A1 level, the focus is on recognizing the word 'spodnie' and using it in basic sentences. You should understand that it means 'pants' and is always plural. You will learn to describe them with simple colors (e.g., 'niebieskie spodnie' - blue pants) and express possession (e.g., 'To są moje spodnie' - These are my pants). You will also learn to use them with the verb 'nosić' (to wear) in simple present tense. The goal is to be able to identify the garment in a store and state what you are wearing. You don't need to worry about complex declensions yet, just the Nominative and Accusative forms, which are the same.

At the A2 level, you begin to use 'spodnie' in more functional contexts, such as shopping. You will learn to ask for different sizes ('Jaki to rozmiar?') and prices. You will also start using the Genitive case after 'nie ma' ('Nie mam tych spodni' - I don't have those pants) and with quantities ('para spodni'). You will be able to describe the fit of the pants using adjectives like 'za duże' (too big) or 'za małe' (too small). You'll also learn the word for shorts ('spodenki') and start to distinguish between different types of pants like 'jeansy' or 'dresy'.

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At the B1 level, your use of 'spodnie' becomes more descriptive. You will learn to talk about materials like 'bawełna' (cotton), 'wełna' (wool), or 'poliester'. You will use more cases accurately, such as the Locative to say where something is ('Mam klucze w spodniach' - I have keys in [my] pants) or the Instrumental to describe an outfit. You will be able to handle interactions with a tailor, explaining if pants need to be shortened ('skrócić') or narrowed ('zwęzić'). You will also encounter the word in more varied reading texts, such as fashion blogs or weather-related advice on what to wear.

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At the B2 level, you will use 'spodnie' in a wider range of registers. You will understand and use idiomatic expressions related to clothing, even if they are slightly informal. You will be able to discuss fashion trends and societal norms regarding attire (e.g., formal vs. casual). Your grammar should be precise across all seven cases. You might discuss the history of clothing or the environmental impact of producing 'spodnie' (fast fashion). You will also be comfortable using more technical terms for different cuts like 'wysoki stan' (high waist) or 'szerokie nogawki' (wide legs).

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At the C1 level, you will encounter 'spodnie' in literature and complex media. You will understand the subtle nuances between 'spodnie', 'portki', and 'gacie', and use them appropriately to achieve a specific stylistic effect. You will be able to follow complex instructions for garment care or manufacturing. You will also understand metaphorical uses in political or social commentary. Your ability to describe the texture, drape, and aesthetic of 'spodnie' will be highly developed, using advanced vocabulary and sophisticated sentence structures.

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At the C2 level, you have a near-native grasp of the word. You understand the etymological roots of 'spodnie' and its historical development within the Slavic language family. You can appreciate wordplay, puns, and archaic uses in classic Polish literature. You can discuss the word's role in cultural identity and gender history in Poland with great depth. You are also aware of regional variations in the word's usage and can adjust your speech perfectly to any context, from a high-fashion critique to a casual conversation in a local dialect.

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تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها

spodnie در ۳۰ ثانیه

Spodnie is the standard Polish word for pants or trousers, essential for daily life and shopping contexts.
It is a plurale tantum, meaning it always remains in the plural form regardless of how many pairs are discussed.
Grammatically, it requires plural adjectives and verbs, and it declines across seven cases in its plural form.
Common types include jeansy (jeans), dresy (sweatpants), and spodenki (shorts), which is the diminutive form.

The Polish word spodnie is a fundamental noun that every learner of the Polish language encounters early in their journey. At its core, it refers to the garment worn on the lower half of the body, covering both legs separately, known in English as 'pants' or 'trousers'. Understanding this word requires more than just a simple translation; it involves grasping a specific grammatical quirk known as plurale tantum. This means that in Polish, the word spodnie only exists in the plural form. You cannot have a single 'spodnia'; even if you are referring to one pair of pants, the word remains plural. This mirrors the English usage where we say 'pants' or 'trousers' rather than 'pant' or 'trouser', but the grammatical agreement in Polish is more strictly enforced across adjectives and verbs.

Everyday Utility: Whether you are getting dressed in the morning, shopping at a mall in Warsaw, or describing what someone was wearing at a party, spodnie is the essential term. It is a neutral, versatile word suitable for all social settings, from the most formal business meetings to casual outings with friends.
Material and Variety: The term encompasses everything from denim jeans (jeansy) to formal suit trousers (spodnie garniturowe) and athletic sweatpants (spodnie dresowe). In a Polish household, you might hear a parent telling a child to change their dirty pants, or in a professional setting, a discussion about the appropriate dress code might involve this word.

Moje nowe spodnie są bardzo wygodne i pasują do tej koszuli.

Translation: My new pants are very comfortable and match this shirt.

Historically, the word is derived from the Polish word spód, which means 'bottom' or 'underneath'. This etymological connection highlights the garment's function as something worn on the lower part of the body. In modern usage, the word has remained stable, though the styles of spodnie have evolved drastically over the decades. In the 20th century, the adoption of pants by women in Poland was a significant cultural shift, and today, the word is used universally regardless of gender.

Gdzie kupiłeś te eleganckie spodnie?

Translation: Where did you buy those elegant trousers?

In a retail context, you will see this word on signs throughout clothing stores. You might look for the dział męski (men's department) or dział damski (women's department) to find the specific type of spodnie you need. The word is so common that it is often one of the first ten nouns a student learns when discussing clothing. It is also important to note that Polish has specific words for different lengths; while spodnie usually implies full-length trousers, shorts are referred to as krótkie spodnie or spodenki.

Cultural Nuance: In Poland, there is a saying 'chodzić w spodniach' (to wear the pants), which, much like in English, can metaphorically refer to who holds authority in a household, though this idiom is becoming less common in modern, egalitarian discourse.

Nie mogę znaleźć moich ulubionych spodni!

Translation: I cannot find my favorite pants!

Using spodnie correctly involves navigating the seven cases of Polish grammar. Since the word is always plural, you only need to learn the plural declension. This simplifies things slightly, but you must still be careful with the endings depending on the sentence's function. Let's explore how the word changes across different contexts and grammatical structures.

The Nominative Case (Mianownik): Used when the pants are the subject of the sentence. For example: Te spodnie są za długie (These pants are too long). Here, spodnie is the thing doing the 'being' (being too long).
The Genitive Case (Dopełniacz): This is frequently used after negation or to show possession/quantity. For example: Nie mam spodni (I don't have pants) or Szukam nowych spodni (I am looking for new pants). Note the ending changes to -i.

Potrzebuję paska do tych spodni.

Translation: I need a belt for these pants.

When you are performing an action directly on the pants, such as buying them or wearing them, you use the Accusative case (Biernik). In the plural, for non-masculine personal nouns like spodnie, the Accusative form looks exactly like the Nominative. This is a relief for many learners! For example: Kupuję spodnie (I am buying pants) or Noszę spodnie (I wear pants).

W tych spodniach wyglądasz bardzo szczupło.

Translation: You look very slim in these pants.

The Instrumental case (Narzędnik) is used after the preposition z (with) or to describe what someone is 'being' in a more permanent sense. Example: Idę do sklepu z moimi nowymi spodniami (I am going to the store with my new pants - perhaps to return them). The ending here is -ami, which is standard for almost all plural nouns in the Instrumental case.

The Dative Case (Celownik): Used when giving something 'to' the pants (rare) or in specific constructions. Example: Przyglądam się tym spodniom (I am looking closely at these pants). The ending is -om.

Podaj mi te spodnie, proszę.

Translation: Pass me those pants, please.

Lastly, the Vocative case (Wołacz) is used when addressing the object directly. While you rarely talk to your pants, if you were a poet or a very frustrated person, you would say O, moje spodnie! (Oh, my pants!). In the plural, this is identical to the Nominative. Understanding these patterns allows you to weave spodnie into complex, natural-sounding Polish sentences.

The word spodnie is omnipresent in Polish daily life. You will hear it in various environments, each with its own specific set of related vocabulary and social context. From the bustling shopping centers to the quiet routine of a family home, the word acts as a linguistic bridge to discussing personal style, comfort, and necessity.

In the Shopping Mall (Galeria Handlowa): This is perhaps the most common place to encounter the word. Sales assistants will ask: Czy szuka Pan konkretnych spodni? (Are you looking for specific pants?). You will hear people discussing sizes (rozmiar), cuts (fason), and colors. In the fitting rooms (przymierzalnia), you might hear a friend say: Te spodnie są na ciebie za małe (Those pants are too small for you).
At Home (W Domu): Morning routines often involve the word: Gdzie są moje czyste spodnie? (Where are my clean pants?). It’s also heard during laundry day: Nie wrzucaj tych spodni do pralki z białymi rzeczami! (Don't throw those pants in the washing machine with white things!).

Muszę uprasować spodnie przed wyjściem.

Translation: I must iron [my] pants before going out.

In professional environments, the word appears when discussing dress codes. A manager might state: W naszym biurze nie nosimy krótkich spodni (In our office, we don't wear shorts). Or a tailor (krawiec) might say: Muszę skrócić te spodnie o dwa centymetry (I need to shorten these pants by two centimeters). These contexts show how the word transitions from casual to formal seamlessly.

Te spodnie są wykonane z wysokiej jakości bawełny.

Translation: These pants are made of high-quality cotton.

On television or in fashion magazines, spodnie is a keyword in trend reports. You might hear about spodnie z wysokim stanem (high-waisted pants) or spodnie typu dzwony (bell-bottoms). Even in sports, commentators might mention a player's spodnie dresowe during a warm-up. The word's frequency is a testament to its status as a basic building block of the language.

At the Dry Cleaners (Pralnia Chemiczna): You will hear: Chciałbym oddać te spodnie do czyszczenia (I would like to give these pants for cleaning). The staff might ask about stains: Czy na spodniach są jakieś plamy? (Are there any stains on the pants?).

Czy te spodnie można prać w pralce?

Translation: Can these pants be washed in a machine?

Even though spodnie is an A1 level word, it presents several pitfalls for English speakers. The most common errors stem from the difference in how the two languages handle plural nouns and gender agreement. Let's break down these mistakes to help you avoid them.

Treating it as Singular: In English, we often say 'this pair of pants is...', using a singular verb ('is'). In Polish, because spodnie is plural, the verb MUST be plural. Saying *Ta spodnia jest... or *To spodnie jest... is incorrect. It must be Te spodnie są... (These pants are...).
Confusion with 'Spódnica': Because both words start with 'spód-', beginners often confuse spodnie (pants) with spódnica (skirt). Remember: spodnie has two legs, while spódnica is one piece. A helpful mnemonic: 'Spodnie' ends like 'nie' (no), as in 'no, it's not a skirt'.

Błędnie: Moja spodnia jest brudna. Poprawnie: Moje spodnie są brudne.

Translation: Incorrect: My 'pant' is dirty. Correct: My pants are dirty.

Another frequent mistake occurs when using numbers. English speakers want to say 'one pants' (*jeden spodnie), but this is grammatically impossible in Polish. You must use the phrase jedna para spodni (one pair of pants) or the collective numeral jedni spodnie (though the latter is almost never used for clothes; jedna para is the standard).

Błędnie: Szukam nowe spodnie. Poprawnie: Szukam nowych spodni.

Translation: Incorrect: I am looking for new pants (Nom). Correct: I am looking for new pants (Gen).

The gender of the adjective is also a common slip-up. Since spodnie is a non-masculine-personal plural noun (the 'niemieskoosobowy' category), the adjective ending is usually -e (e.g., ładne, duże, czarne). Avoid using the masculine personal -i/-y endings like *ładni spodnie.

The 'Pair' Logic: In English, you can say 'I bought a pair of pants' or just 'I bought pants'. In Polish, while Kupiłem spodnie is fine, if you specify 'a pair', you must use the Genitive: Kupiłem parę spodni. Forgetting to change the case after parę is a classic mistake.

Błędnie: Mam dwie pary spodnie. Poprawnie: Mam dwie pary spodni.

Translation: Incorrect: I have two pairs pants. Correct: I have two pairs of pants.

While spodnie is the standard term, Polish offers a variety of synonyms and related words that vary in register, specificity, and tone. Knowing these will help you sound more like a native speaker and better understand different contexts.

Portki: This is an informal, somewhat old-fashioned or rural term for pants. You might hear it in a humorous context or from an older relative. It carries a slightly more rugged or 'everyday' connotation. Example: Wciągaj portki i idziemy! (Pull your pants on and let's go!).
Gacie: This is a slang/informal term that can refer to pants but often refers to underwear (briefs/drawers). It is quite casual and can be considered slightly vulgar or very familiar depending on the region. Use it with caution!

Załóż jakieś porządne portki na to ognisko.

Translation: Put on some decent trousers for this bonfire.

For specific types of spodnie, Polish often uses loanwords or descriptive phrases. Jeansy (pronounced 'dżinsy') is used for denim. Legginsy is used for leggings. Dresy refers specifically to sweatpants or a tracksuit. If you are talking about shorts, you use the diminutive spodenki or the phrase krótkie spodnie.

Latem wolę nosić krótkie spodenki.

Translation: In the summer, I prefer to wear short shorts.

In a historical or folk context, you might encounter spodnie sukienne (cloth trousers) or portki góralskie (traditional highlander pants). These terms are specific to cultural heritage. In modern fashion, you might also hear cygaretki (cigarette pants) or rurki (skinny jeans/drainpipe trousers), which describe the specific cut of the garment.

Spodnie vs. Rajstopy: Do not confuse spodnie with rajstopy (tights/pantyhose). While both cover the legs, rajstopy are thin, elastic, and usually worn under other clothes or with a skirt, whereas spodnie are outerwear.

Te rurki są teraz bardzo modne.

Translation: These skinny jeans are very fashionable now.

چقدر رسمی است؟

نکته جالب

The word 'spodnie' only became the dominant term for this garment in the late 18th and 19th centuries; before that, other terms like 'halsztuki' or 'portki' were more common.

راهنمای تلفظ

UK /ˈspɔd.ɲɛ/

US /ˈspɑd.ni.ɛ/

Initial (on the first syllable 'spod').

هم‌قافیه با

godnie chłodnie swobodnie przechodnie wygodnie łagodnie pogodnie dorodnie

خطاهای رایج

Pronouncing 'nie' as a hard 'ne' like in 'net'.
Stress on the second syllable.
Treating it as a singular word.

سطح دشواری

خواندن 1/5

Very easy to recognize in text due to its distinct shape.

نوشتن 2/5

Need to remember the 'ie' ending and plural-only rules.

صحبت کردن 2/5

The soft 'nie' sound can be tricky for some beginners.

گوش دادن 1/5

Easily distinguishable in conversation.

بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟

پیش‌نیازها

ubranie nosić kolor mieć sklep

بعداً یاد بگیرید

spódnica koszula buty pasek rozmiar

پیشرفته

krawiectwo tkanina fason mankiet szew

گرامر لازم

Plurale Tantum

Spodnie (always plural).

Adjective Agreement

Niebieskie spodnie (not niebieska).

Verb Agreement

Spodnie leżą (not leży).

Genitive after Negation

Nie mam spodni (not spodnie).

Locative Plural Ending

W spodniach (ending -ach).

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مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

To są moje nowe spodnie.

These are my new pants.

Nominative plural: 'spodnie' matches the plural 'są'.

Gdzie są twoje spodnie?

Where are your pants?

Question using the plural 'są'.

Lubię te niebieskie spodnie.

I like these blue pants.

Accusative plural is same as Nominative for this word.

On nosi czarne spodnie.

He is wearing black pants.

Verb 'nosić' takes the Accusative case.

Czy masz spodnie?

Do you have pants?

Simple question in the Accusative.

Moje spodnie są w szafie.

My pants are in the wardrobe.

Plural verb 'są' and plural possessive 'moje'.

To są tanie spodnie.

These are cheap pants.

Adjective 'tanie' is in the plural form.

Ona kupuje spodnie.

She is buying pants.

Third person singular verb with plural object.

Nie mam moich ulubionych spodni.

I don't have my favorite pants.

Genitive plural after 'nie mam'.

Szukam spodni w rozmiarze M.

I am looking for pants in size M.

Genitive plural after 'szukać'.

Te spodnie są za krótkie.

These pants are too short.

Adjective 'krótkie' matches plural 'spodnie'.

Chcę kupić jedną parę spodni.

I want to buy one pair of pants.

'Parę' takes the Genitive plural 'spodni'.

Czy te spodnie są w promocji?

Are these pants on sale?

Plural demonstrative 'te' and plural verb 'są'.

Twoje spodnie są brudne.

Your pants are dirty.

'Brudne' is the plural adjective form.

Muszę przymierzyć te spodnie.

I must try on these pants.

'Przymierzyć' takes the Accusative.

On ma telefon w spodniach.

He has a phone in [his] pants.

Locative plural 'spodniach' after 'w'.

Te spodnie są wykonane z bawełny.

These pants are made of cotton.

Passive construction with plural subject.

Czy mógłby pan skrócić te spodnie?

Could you shorten these pants?

Polite request using the conditional 'mógłby'.

W kieszeni moich spodni jest dziura.

There is a hole in the pocket of my pants.

Genitive plural 'spodni' showing possession.

Zawsze prasuję spodnie kant.

I always iron pants with a crease.

'Spodnie w kant' is a common term for formal pants.

Dzięki tym spodniom czuję się pewnie.

Thanks to these pants, I feel confident.

Dative plural 'spodniom' after 'dzięki'.

Nigdy nie widziałem tak dziwnych spodni.

I have never seen such strange pants.

Genitive plural after negation.

Zdejmij spodnie przed wejściem do wody.

Take off your pants before entering the water.

Imperative 'zdejmij' with Accusative object.

Te spodnie pasują do Twojej marynarki.

These pants match your blazer.

Verb 'pasować' with preposition 'do' and Genitive.

Wybór odpowiednich spodni zależy od okazji.

The choice of appropriate pants depends on the occasion.

Genitive plural after 'wybór'.

Mimo wysokiej ceny, te spodnie szybko się zniszczyły.

Despite the high price, these pants wore out quickly.

Concessive clause with 'mimo' and Genitive plural.

Polska moda lat 90. to głównie szerokie spodnie.

Polish fashion of the 90s was mainly wide pants.

Plural adjective 'szerokie' describing the era's style.

Nie wyobrażam sobie pracy bez wygodnych spodni.

I can't imagine working without comfortable pants.

Genitive plural after 'bez'.

Ubrudziłem spodnie błotem, idąc przez park.

I got my pants dirty with mud while walking through the park.

Accusative object with Instrumental 'błotem'.

Te spodnie podkreślają Twoją sylwetkę.

These pants accentuate your figure.

Verb 'podkreślać' used in a fashion context.

Czy te spodnie są odporne na zagniecenia?

Are these pants wrinkle-resistant?

Adjective 'odporne' in plural form.

Wielu mężczyzn preferuje spodnie typu chinosy.

Many men prefer chino-style pants.

'Typu' followed by the specific kind of pants.

Subtelna faktura tych spodni przyciąga wzrok.

The subtle texture of these pants catches the eye.

Sophisticated vocabulary: 'subtelna faktura'.

Krój tych spodni nawiązuje do klasycznej elegancji.

The cut of these pants refers to classic elegance.

Verb 'nawiązywać' with preposition 'do' and Genitive.

Współczesne trendy promują spodnie z recyklingu.

Contemporary trends promote recycled pants.

Abstract subject 'trendy' with plural object.

Jej szafa pęka w szwach od nadmiaru spodni.

Her wardrobe is bursting at the seams from an excess of pants.

Idiom 'pękać w szwach' used with Genitive plural.

Należy zwrócić uwagę na wykończenie tych spodni.

One should pay attention to the finishing of these pants.

Impersonal construction 'należy'.

Spodnie te charakteryzują się wyjątkową trwałością.

These pants are characterized by exceptional durability.

Reflexive verb 'charakteryzować się' with Instrumental.

Trudno o bardziej uniwersalny element garderoby niż spodnie.

It's hard to find a more universal wardrobe item than pants.

Comparative construction with 'niż'.

Zastosowana tkanina sprawia, że spodnie są niezwykle lekkie.

The fabric used makes the pants extremely light.

Complex sentence with a subordinate 'że' clause.

Ewolucja spodni jako symbolu emancypacji jest fascynująca.

The evolution of pants as a symbol of emancipation is fascinating.

Academic tone using abstract nouns.

W literaturze spodnie często pełnią funkcję atrybutu władzy.

In literature, pants often function as an attribute of power.

Contextual usage in literary analysis.

Analizując etymologię słowa 'spodnie', dostrzegamy jego głębokie zakorzenienie w języku.

Analyzing the etymology of the word 'spodnie', we see its deep roots in the language.

Present participle 'analizując' with complex object.

Niegdyś spodnie były ubiorem zarezerwowanym wyłącznie dla sfer wyższych.

Formerly, pants were a garment reserved exclusively for the upper classes.

Adverb 'niegdyś' setting a historical context.

Kwestia estetyki spodni w kontekście postmodernizmu budzi kontrowersje.

The issue of the aesthetics of pants in the context of postmodernism sparks controversy.

Complex noun phrase 'kwestia estetyki spodni'.

Wieloznaczność terminu 'spodnie' w gwarach lokalnych jest tematem badań.

The ambiguity of the term 'spodnie' in local dialects is a subject of research.

Subject 'wieloznaczność' with Genitive modifiers.

Dekonstrukcja formy tradycyjnych spodni stała się znakiem rozpoznawczym projektanta.

The deconstruction of the form of traditional pants has become the designer's hallmark.

Passive-like construction with 'stała się'.

Nienaganna prasowalność spodni jest kluczowa w dyplomacji.

The impeccable ironability of pants is crucial in diplomacy.

High-level vocabulary like 'nienaganna prasowalność'.

ترکیب‌های رایج

nosić spodnie

kupować spodnie

przymierzać spodnie

prać spodnie

prasować spodnie

krótkie spodnie

długie spodnie

spodnie w kant

spodnie dresowe

spodnie jeansowe

عبارات رایج

para spodni

— A pair of pants. Used when quantifying the garment.

Mam tylko jedną parę spodni.

pasek do spodni

— A belt for pants. Essential accessory.

Gdzie jest mój skórzany pasek do spodni?

kieszeń w spodniach

— A pocket in the pants.

Zawsze trzymam klucze w kieszeni w spodniach.

rozporek w spodniach

— The fly or zipper of the pants.

Masz odpięty rozporek w spodniach!

nogawka spodni

— The leg of the pants.

Jedna nogawka spodni jest brudna.

spodnie z wysokim stanem

— High-waisted pants. A popular fashion cut.

Spodnie z wysokim stanem są teraz bardzo modne.

spodnie z niskim stanem

— Low-waisted pants.

Nie lubię nosić spodni z niskim stanem.

spodnie na miarę

— Tailor-made pants.

Mój dziadek zawsze nosił spodnie na miarę.

spodnie robocze

— Work pants/trousers. Heavy-duty wear.

Pracownicy budowlani noszą wytrzymałe spodnie robocze.

spodnie wyjściowe

— Dress pants for going out.

To są moje najlepsze spodnie wyjściowe.

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

spodnie vs spódnica

Means 'skirt'. Both start with 'spód', but have different meanings.

spodnie vs spodnie dresowe

Often confused with 'dresy', which can mean the whole tracksuit or just the pants.

spodnie vs rajstopy

Means 'tights'. Both cover legs, but 'spodnie' are outer garments.

اصطلاحات و عبارات

"trząść spodniami"

— To be very afraid or nervous. Literally 'to shake one's pants'.

On trzęsie spodniami przed egzaminem.

informal

"mieć pełne spodnie"

— To be scared to death. Literally 'to have full pants'.

Miał pełne spodnie, gdy zobaczył tego psa.

slang

"chodzić w spodniach"

— To be the boss or the decision-maker in a relationship.

W ich domu to ona chodzi w spodniach.

informal

"zostać w samych spodniach"

— To lose everything, to be left with nothing.

Po tym kryzysie został w samych spodniach.

informal

"dostać w spodnie"

— To get a spanking or a beating.

Dostał w spodnie za to kłamstwo.

informal

"nie dorastać komuś do spodni"

— To not be good enough for someone, to be inferior.

On nie dorasta jej do spodni pod względem wiedzy.

informal

"mieć węża w spodniach"

— To be stingy or cheap. Literally 'to have a snake in one's pants'.

On nigdy nie stawia drinków, ma węża w spodniach.

informal

"spodnie mu się palą"

— Someone is in a huge hurry.

Gdzie on tak biegnie? Spodnie mu się palą?

informal

"wchodzić w czyjeś spodnie"

— To take over someone's role or position.

Trudno będzie wejść w spodnie poprzedniego dyrektora.

informal

"szerokie spodnie"

— To live beyond one's means (rare/regional).

Zaczął nosić szerokie spodnie po awansie.

informal

به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

spodnie vs spódnica

Similar prefix.

Spódnica is a skirt; spodnie have two legs.

Ona nosi spódnicę, a on nosi spodnie.

spodnie vs spodenki

Diminutive form.

Spodenki are shorts; spodnie are usually long.

W lecie noszę spodenki.

spodnie vs podspodnie

Related root.

Podspodnie are long johns or thermal underwear worn under pants.

Zimą zakładam podspodnie.

spodnie vs spód

Root word.

Spód means 'bottom' or 'underneath', not a garment.

Patrzę na spód pudełka.

spodnie vs spodnia

Similar sounding.

Spodnia is an adjective meaning 'lower' or 'inner'.

To jest spodnia warstwa ubrania.

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

To są [Adjective] spodnie.

To są nowe spodnie.

Gdzie są moje spodnie?

Gdzie są moje czarne spodnie?

Nie mam [Genitive Adjective] spodni.

Nie mam moich starych spodni.

Szukam [Genitive Adjective] spodni.

Szukam niebieskich spodni.

Mam [Something] w spodniach.

Mam pieniądze w spodniach.

Te spodnie są za [Adjective].

Te spodnie są za ciasne.

Warto kupić te spodnie, bo [Reason].

Warto kupić te spodnie, bo są tanie.

Bez względu na fason, te spodnie [Verb].

Bez względu na fason, te spodnie świetnie leżą.

خانواده کلمه

اسم‌ها

spodenki

podspodnie

spodniarka

فعل‌ها

spodnić (archaic)

صفت‌ها

spodniowy

podspodni

spodni

مرتبط

spód

spódnica

spódniczka

spodnia

spodzik

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نحوه استفاده

frequency

extremely high

اشتباهات رایج

Ta spodnia jest... → Te spodnie są...
'Spodnie' is always plural. You cannot use singular demonstratives or verbs.
Mam jeden spodnie. → Mam jedną parę spodni.
You cannot use the number 'one' directly with a plural-only noun. Use 'para'.
Nie mam spodnie. → Nie mam spodni.
After negation, you must use the Genitive case.
To są ładni spodnie. → To są ładne spodnie.
'Spodnie' is non-masculine-personal, so adjectives take the '-e' ending.
Szukam nowe spodnie. → Szukam nowych spodni.
The verb 'szukać' requires the Genitive case.

نکات

The Plural Rule

Always use plural verbs with 'spodnie'. Say 'spodnie są', never 'spodnie jest'.

Types of Pants

Learn 'jeansy', 'dresy', and 'chinosy' to be more specific when shopping.

Soft 'ni'

Practice the 'ni' sound. It's like the 'ny' in 'canyon', very soft and palatal.

Dress Code

In Poland, 'spodnie w kant' (creased trousers) are expected for formal office work.

The 'Para' Phrase

When counting, 'para spodni' is much more common and natural than using collective numerals.

Visual Aid

Picture a pair of pants split into two: 'spod-' and '-nie'. Two legs, two parts of the word!

Asking for Size

Use the phrase: 'Czy są te spodnie w rozmiarze...?'

Genitive Case

Remember 'spodni' (with an 'i') after 'szukam' or 'nie mam'.

Context Clues

If you hear 'rozmiar' or 'kolor', the next word is often 'spodnie'.

Matching Adjectives

Make sure your adjectives end in '-e' (e.g., 'ładne spodnie').

حفظ کنید

روش یادسپاری

SPOD-nie: Think of 'SPUD' (potato). Imagine a potato wearing pants. Spuds in spodnie!

تداعی تصویری

Imagine a pair of pants with the word 'SPOD' written on one leg and 'NIE' on the other. See them walking around.

شبکه واژگان

ubranie nogawki pasek kieszeń rozmiar sklep moda bawełna

چالش

Try to name five different colors of 'spodnie' you see today while walking outside.

ریشه کلمه

Derived from the Old Polish word 'spód', which means 'bottom' or 'lower part'.

معنای اصلی: Something worn on the bottom part of the body.

Slavic (Indo-European).

بافت فرهنگی

The word is entirely neutral and safe to use in all contexts.

English speakers often say 'pair of pants', while Poles often just say 'spodnie'.

'Chłopcy w krótkich spodniach' (Boys in short pants) - a general cultural trope. 'Spodnie' in Polish pop songs often symbolize freedom or youth.

تمرین در زندگی واقعی

موقعیت‌های واقعی

Shopping

Ile kosztują te spodnie?
Czy są mniejsze spodnie?
Gdzie mogę przymierzyć spodnie?
Te spodnie mi się podobają.

Laundry

Upierz moje spodnie.
Te spodnie farbują.
Spodnie są jeszcze mokre.
Gdzie są czyste spodnie?

Dressing up

Załóż długie spodnie.
Te spodnie nie pasują.
Potrzebuję paska do spodni.
Masz dziurę w spodniach.

Tailoring

Proszę skrócić spodnie.
Spodnie są za szerokie w pasie.
Czy można zwęzić te spodnie?
Zamek w spodniach się zepsuł.

Sports

Weź spodnie dresowe.
Spodnie narciarskie są ciepłe.
Te spodnie nie krępują ruchów.
Spodnie do biegania z odblaskami.

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

"Podobają mi się twoje spodnie, gdzie je kupiłeś?"

"Czy uważasz, że te spodnie pasują do tej koszuli?"

"Jakie spodnie są teraz najbardziej modne w Polsce?"

"Czy wolisz nosić jeansy czy spodnie dresowe?"

"Jak często kupujesz nowe spodnie?"

موضوعات نگارش

Opisz swoje ulubione spodnie. Dlaczego je lubisz?

Napisz o tym, co masz dzisiaj na sobie, zaczynając od spodni.

Wyobraź sobie, że idziesz na bardzo ważne spotkanie. Jakie spodnie wybierzesz?

Opisz wizytę w sklepie odzieżowym podczas szukania idealnych spodni.

Napisz krótką historię o tym, jak ktoś zgubił swoje spodnie.

سوالات متداول

10 سوال

It is always plural (plurale tantum). You never use it in the singular form in Polish.

You say 'jedna para spodni'.

'Spodnie' is the standard, neutral word. 'Portki' is informal and slightly old-fashioned.

It follows the plural declension: M. spodnie, D. spodni, C. spodniom, B. spodnie, N. spodniami, Msc. spodniach, W. spodnie.

Yes, 'spodnie' is a gender-neutral term for the garment itself.

You can say 'krótkie spodnie' or 'spodenki'.

It's an idiom meaning to be the dominant person or decision-maker in a household.

Yes, it is one of the most common nouns in the Polish language related to clothing.

Yes, 'spodenki', which usually refers to shorts or children's pants.

Because it is a non-masculine plural noun ending in a soft consonant 'ni', which typically takes the '-i' ending in Genitive plural.

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