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A2 verb #15,000 پرکاربردترین 10 دقیقه مطالعه

podar

تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها podar در ۳۰ ثانیه

توضیح podar in your Level:

At the A1 level, the word 'podar' is used in its simplest literal form. Students learn that it means 'to prune' plants. The focus is on basic sentences involving the garden. For example, 'Eu podo a planta' (I prune the plant). At this stage, learners should simply recognize that it is an action done to trees or flowers. It is a regular '-ar' verb, making it easy to conjugate in the present tense. Learners might encounter it in basic vocabulary lists related to the home and garden. The goal is to distinguish it from other common verbs like 'plantar' (to plant) or 'regar' (to water). Simple subject-verb-object structures are emphasized.

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At the A2 level, learners begin to see 'podar' in more varied contexts, such as seasonal activities. They learn that pruning happens at specific times of the year, usually 'no inverno' (in winter) or 'na primavera' (in spring). Sentences become slightly more complex: 'O jardineiro precisa podar as árvores da rua' (The gardener needs to prune the street trees). Learners also start to understand the past tense: 'Ontem, nós podamos o jardim' (Yesterday, we pruned the garden). The idea of 'podar' as a maintenance task for the community or household is introduced, and students should be able to follow simple instructions involving the word.

At the B1 level, students are introduced to the metaphorical uses of 'podar'. They learn that it can apply to abstract concepts like 'gastos' (expenses) or 'tempo' (time). A typical B1 sentence might be: 'A empresa decidiu podar os custos para economizar dinheiro' (The company decided to prune costs to save money). Learners understand that 'podar' implies a positive, corrective action—removing the bad to help the good. They also become familiar with the noun form 'a poda' (the pruning) and use it in discussions about agriculture or management. The use of the subjunctive mood with 'podar' starts to appear in conditional sentences.

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At the B2 level, 'podar' is used fluently in professional and social discussions. Students can debate the necessity of 'podar privilégios' (cutting back privileges) in a political context or 'podar cenas' (cutting scenes) in a creative one. They understand the nuance between 'podar' and 'aparar' or 'cortar'. For instance, they can explain why a manager might 'podar' a project's scope. They are comfortable with passive constructions like 'As leis foram podadas para simplificar o sistema' (The laws were pruned to simplify the system). Vocabulary related to 'podar', such as 'tesouras de podar' (pruning shears), is used in specific technical descriptions.

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At the C1 level, 'podar' is used with stylistic precision. Learners can use it to describe complex social dynamics, such as 'podar o ego de alguém' (pruning someone's ego) or 'podar as liberdades individuais' (curtailing individual freedoms) in an academic or legal essay. They recognize 'podar' in classical Portuguese literature, where it might symbolize the passage of time or the discipline of character. At this level, the speaker uses 'podar' to convey a sense of refinement and essentialism. They can discuss the 'estética da poda' (the aesthetics of pruning) in art or philosophy, moving far beyond the literal garden.

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At the C2 level, 'podar' is part of a sophisticated lexicon used to articulate subtle philosophical or strategic points. A C2 speaker might use 'podar' in an analogy about the evolution of language or the refinement of a scientific theory. They understand all regional variations and historical contexts of the word, including its role in the history of Portuguese viticulture. They can use the word in high-level irony or satire. The distinction between 'podar' and its most obscure synonyms like 'decapitar' (in a botanical sense) or 'truncar' is mastered. The word is used to describe the most delicate acts of intellectual or artistic subtraction.

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تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها

podar در ۳۰ ثانیه

Podar is a Portuguese verb meaning 'to prune' or 'to trim' plants, focusing on health and growth.
It is a regular -ar verb, conjugated simply like 'falar' or 'cantar' in all tenses.
Metaphorically, it means to cut back on expenses, edit text, or limit someone's ego or freedom.
Commonly heard in gardening, agriculture (vineyards), and corporate settings regarding budget cuts.

The Portuguese verb podar primarily refers to the agricultural and horticultural act of pruning. At its core, it involves the deliberate removal of specific parts of a plant, such as branches, buds, or roots, to improve the plant's health, fruitfulness, or aesthetic appearance. For an English speaker, this translates directly to 'to prune' or 'to trim' in a gardening context. However, the word carries significant weight in both literal and metaphorical senses within Lusophone cultures, where the act of 'cutting back' is seen as a necessary step for future growth.

Literal Context: Used when discussing maintenance of vineyards (poda das vinhas), fruit trees, or ornamental gardens. It implies a skilled action rather than a random cut.

O jardineiro vai podar as roseiras amanhã de manhã para que floresçam melhor.

Beyond the garden, podar is frequently employed in professional and personal development contexts. When a company needs to reduce its budget, they might talk about 'podar gastos' (pruning expenses). If a text is too long and needs editing, an editor might 'podar o texto' to remove redundancies. This metaphorical usage suggests that by removing the excess or the unnecessary, the core essence becomes stronger and more efficient. It is a word that balances the idea of loss with the promise of improvement.

Metaphorical Context: Refers to the reduction of budgets, the editing of literature, or even the curbing of someone's excessive behavior or ego.

A empresa precisou podar o orçamento do projeto para evitar prejuízos.

In daily life, you might hear this word during spring or autumn when neighbors discuss their gardens. In a more abstract sense, you might hear it in political discourse regarding 'podar privilégios' (cutting back privileges). It is a versatile verb that moves seamlessly from the dirt of a farm to the mahogany tables of a boardroom. Understanding 'podar' allows you to describe the process of refinement in various domains of life.

É necessário podar os excessos da juventude para amadurecer com sabedoria.

Common Objects: Árvores (trees), arbustos (shrubs), gastos (expenses), asas (wings - metaphorically), excessos (excesses).

Não podemos podar as asas da imaginação das crianças.

O governo decidiu podar os subsídios para o setor industrial.

Using the verb podar correctly involves understanding its conjugation as a regular '-ar' verb and its typical direct objects. In its most straightforward application, you are the subject performing an action on a plant. For example, 'Eu podo as árvores' (I prune the trees). The verb follows the standard pattern: podo, podas, poda, podamos, podais, podam. It is essential to remember that the action is intentional and usually beneficial for the object being pruned.

Direct Objects: The verb 'podar' almost always requires a direct object. You prune 'something'. Whether it is a 'galho' (branch) or a 'custo' (cost), the structure remains 'Podar + [Substantivo]'.

Nós podamos a sebe do jardim todos os anos no final do inverno.

In more complex sentences, podar can appear in the infinitive after auxiliary verbs like 'precisar' (to need), 'querer' (to want), or 'ir' (to go/future marker). 'Eu preciso podar as roseiras' (I need to prune the rosebushes). When used in the passive voice, it describes the state of the plant: 'As árvores foram podadas' (The trees were pruned). This is common in news reports about city maintenance or agricultural updates.

Passive Construction: Subject + Ser/Estar + Podado/a. Example: 'Os arbustos estão bem podados' (The shrubs are well pruned).

Se você não podar a videira, ela não produzirá uvas de qualidade.

Metaphorically, the structure remains the same but the objects become abstract. 'Podar a liberdade' (to curtail freedom) or 'podar as esperanças' (to prune/limit hopes). In these cases, the verb takes on a slightly more negative or restrictive connotation, implying that growth or expression is being artificially limited. However, in business, 'podar as ineficiências' (to prune inefficiencies) is seen as a positive, corrective action.

O editor sugeriu podar o terceiro capítulo para manter o ritmo da história.

Reflexive Use: While rare, 'podar-se' can be used to describe someone self-censoring or limiting their own behavior to fit in.

Ela aprendeu a podar-se em reuniões formais para não parecer agressiva.

Eles podaram os galhos secos para evitar que caíssem na rua.

The word podar is a staple in several distinct environments. If you find yourself in the Portuguese countryside, especially in regions like the Douro or Alentejo, 'a poda' (the pruning season) is a major topic of conversation among farmers and locals. You will hear it in cafes, where people discuss the timing of the pruning to ensure a good harvest. It is not just a chore; it is a seasonal milestone that dictates the rhythm of rural life.

Agricultural Settings: Vineyards, olive groves, and orchards. Discussions about 'tesouras de podar' (pruning shears) and 'época de poda' (pruning season) are common.

O senhor Silva passou o dia inteiro a podar as suas oliveiras centenárias.

In urban settings, you will encounter podar in the context of municipal maintenance. News reports might mention that certain streets will be closed because the city council is 'podando as árvores' to prevent branches from interfering with power lines or falling during storms. If you live in a building with a shared garden (condomínio), the management might send a notice saying: 'Amanhã viremos podar as plantas do pátio'.

Urban Maintenance: City council notices, 'condomínio' announcements, and utility company warnings regarding tree branches and power lines.

A prefeitura vai podar as árvores da avenida principal para melhorar a iluminação.

In the corporate world, podar is a common 'buzzword' used during budget reviews or restructuring. A CEO might say, 'Precisamos podar as gorduras da nossa operação' (We need to prune the 'fat' of our operation), meaning they want to eliminate waste and unnecessary costs. Similarly, in creative fields like writing or film, 'podar' is used to describe the process of cutting scenes or paragraphs that do not serve the final product. It is a word of discipline and focus.

Corporate/Creative Jargon: Budget cuts, streamlining processes, and editing creative works to improve clarity and impact.

O diretor decidiu podar várias cenas do filme para reduzir a duração total.

Tivemos que podar as expectativas dos investidores em relação ao lucro imediato.

One of the most frequent mistakes English speakers make when learning podar is confusing it with the verb poder (to be able to/can). While they look similar, their pronunciations and meanings are worlds apart. 'Eu posso' (I can) is very different from 'Eu podo' (I prune). Mixing these up in a conversation about gardening might lead someone to think you are talking about your abilities rather than your plants.

Mistake 1: Confusion with 'Poder': Incorrect: 'Eu não podo fazer isso.' (I can't do this - using 'podar' instead of 'posso'). Correct: 'Eu não posso fazer isso.'

Cuidado para não confundir: 'Eu podo o jardim' vs. 'Eu posso ajudar no jardim'.

Another common error is using podar for every type of cutting. In Portuguese, we have specific verbs for different actions. You 'cortar' (cut) paper, you 'aparar' (trim) your hair or beard, and you 'podar' (prune) plants. Using 'podar' for hair is technically incorrect and sounds quite funny, as if you were treating your head like a hedge. Always remember that 'podar' is reserved for plants or metaphorical 'cutting back' for growth.

Mistake 2: Wrong Context: Incorrect: 'Vou podar o meu cabelo hoje.' (I'm going to prune my hair). Correct: 'Vou cortar/aparar o meu cabelo hoje.'

O barbeiro apara a barba, mas o jardineiro poda a sebe.

Learners also struggle with the conjugation in the first person singular present tense. Because 'podo' sounds like 'pode' (the third person singular of 'poder'), it can cause listening comprehension issues. Pay attention to the context: if the conversation is about gardening or budgets, it's likely 'podar'. If it's about permission or possibility, it's 'poder'.

Mistake 3: Over-application of Metaphor: Don't 'podar' a person unless you mean you are limiting their growth or ego. Saying 'Vou podar você' to mean 'I will cut you off' (socially) is not common; 'cortar relações' is better.

Ela decidiu cortar relações com ele, não 'podar' relações.

Amanhã podaremos as macieiras, se o tempo permitir.

While podar is the most accurate term for pruning, several other verbs share a similar semantic space. Understanding the nuances between them will make your Portuguese sound much more natural and precise. The most common alternative is aparar, which means 'to trim'. You 'apara' something to make it neat, like a hedge or your fingernails, whereas you 'podar' to ensure health and growth.

Podar vs. Aparar: Podar: Structural cut for health/growth (trees, vines). Aparar: Superficial cut for neatness (hedges, hair, edges).

Eu aparo a grama toda semana, mas só podo as árvores uma vez por ano.

Another related verb is cortar (to cut). This is the most general term. All 'podar' is 'cortar', but not all 'cortar' is 'podar'. If you say 'Cortei os galhos', it just means they are gone. If you say 'Podei os galhos', it implies you did it with a gardener's intent. In a metaphorical sense, restringir (to restrict) or cercear (to curtail) are formal synonyms used when discussing rights or freedoms.

Formal Alternatives: Cercear: Often used for rights (cercear a liberdade). Restringir: General restriction (restringir o acesso).

O novo regulamento visa cercear o desperdício de recursos públicos.

In a business context, instead of 'podar custos', you might hear enxugar (literally: to dry/wipe). 'Enxugar gastos' means to dry up or squeeze out unnecessary expenses, creating a 'lean' operation. This is very common in Brazilian Portuguese business news. Another term is reduzir (to reduce), which is neutral and safe to use in any context.

Business Synonyms: Enxugar: To make lean/efficient. Reduzir: To decrease the amount/size.

A meta para este semestre é enxugar a folha de pagamento em 10%.

Precisamos desbastar esta plantação de eucaliptos para que as árvores cresçam retas.

چقدر رسمی است؟

نکته جالب

The Latin root 'putare' is also the ancestor of the English word 'computer' (from 'computare', meaning 'to calculate or settle accounts'). So, pruning a tree and using a computer are etymologically linked through the concept of 'settling' or 'clarifying' information!

راهنمای تلفظ

UK /puˈðaɾ/

US /poˈdaʁ/

The stress is on the last syllable: po-DAR.

هم‌قافیه با

andar cantar falar olhar mar lugar pensar mudar

خطاهای رایج

Pronouncing the 'o' as an open 'o' (like 'pot') instead of a closed 'u' or 'oh'.
Confusing the pronunciation with 'poder' (po-DER).
Aspirating the 'p' too much like in English.
Making the 'd' too hard between vowels.
Pronouncing the 'r' like an English 'r' instead of a tap or guttural sound.

سطح دشواری

خواندن 2/5

Easy to recognize in text, especially with context clues like 'árvore' or 'jardim'.

نوشتن 2/5

Regular conjugation makes it easy to write correctly in most tenses.

صحبت کردن 3/5

Pronunciation of the closed 'o' and distinguishing it from 'poder' can be tricky.

گوش دادن 3/5

Can be confused with 'poder' in fast speech.

بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟

پیش‌نیازها

árvore jardim cortar planta mão

بعداً یاد بگیرید

regar semear colher adubar florescer

پیشرفته

enxertar desbastar cercear transplantar cultivar

گرامر لازم

Regular -ar verb conjugation in the Present Indicative.

Eu podo, Tu podas, Ele poda, Nós podamos, Vós podais, Eles podam.

Use of the personal infinitive after prepositions.

Para podarmos as árvores, precisamos de escadas.

Passive voice with 'ser'.

As roseiras são podadas todos os anos.

Future Subjunctive for conditional future actions.

Se tu podares a videira, ela dará mais uvas.

Gerund formation for ongoing actions.

Ele passou a tarde podando os arbustos.

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مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

Eu podo a flor.

I prune the flower.

Simple present tense, first person singular.

Você poda a árvore?

Do you prune the tree?

Question form in the present tense.

Nós vamos podar o jardim.

We are going to prune the garden.

Future with 'ir' + infinitive.

Ela poda as plantas hoje.

She prunes the plants today.

Third person singular present tense.

Eles não podam a grama.

They do not prune the grass.

Negative sentence. Note: Usually 'cortar' is used for grass, but 'podar' is used here to show contrast.

O pai poda os galhos.

The father prunes the branches.

Subject is 'O pai'.

É hora de podar.

It is time to prune.

Impersonal expression 'É hora de'.

Eu gosto de podar.

I like to prune.

Verb 'gostar de' followed by infinitive.

O jardineiro poda as roseiras no inverno.

The gardener prunes the rosebushes in winter.

Time expression 'no inverno'.

Precisamos podar os arbustos do quintal.

We need to prune the shrubs in the backyard.

Verb 'precisar' + infinitive.

Ontem, eu podei a pequena árvore.

Yesterday, I pruned the small tree.

Preterite tense (past action).

Eles estão podando as árvores da rua.

They are pruning the trees on the street.

Present continuous tense.

Você já podou as suas videiras?

Have you already pruned your vines?

Use of 'já' with preterite.

Ela quer podar os galhos secos.

She wants to prune the dry branches.

Adjective 'secos' modifying 'galhos'.

Nós podaremos as plantas amanhã.

We will prune the plants tomorrow.

Future tense.

É fácil podar estas flores.

It is easy to prune these flowers.

Adjective 'fácil' + infinitive.

A empresa vai podar os gastos desnecessários.

The company is going to prune unnecessary expenses.

Metaphorical use of 'podar'.

Se eu tivesse tempo, podaria todo o pomar.

If I had time, I would prune the whole orchard.

Conditional tense.

É importante podar as árvores para que cresçam fortes.

It is important to prune the trees so that they grow strong.

Conjunction 'para que' + subjunctive.

O governo decidiu podar o orçamento da educação.

The government decided to prune the education budget.

Formal context.

Eles sugeriram podar o texto do relatório.

They suggested pruning the report's text.

Metaphorical use for editing.

Sempre que ela viaja, eu podo as suas plantas.

Whenever she travels, I prune her plants.

Habitual action in the present.

A poda das vinhas é um trabalho árduo.

The pruning of the vines is hard work.

Noun form 'a poda'.

Não se deve podar as árvores no verão intenso.

One should not prune trees in the intense summer.

Passive/impersonal 'se' construction.

O diretor teve que podar as cenas mais longas do filme.

The director had to prune the longest scenes of the movie.

Metaphorical use in cinema.

Ao podar os excessos, o projeto tornou-se mais viável.

By pruning the excesses, the project became more viable.

Gerund 'ao podar' indicating means.

É necessário podar as expectativas irreais dos clientes.

It is necessary to prune the clients' unrealistic expectations.

Abstract direct object.

As árvores foram podadas de forma inadequada.

The trees were pruned inappropriately.

Passive voice with 'foram'.

Quem me dera saber podar árvores de fruto corretamente.

I wish I knew how to prune fruit trees correctly.

Expression 'Quem me dera' + infinitive.

O conselho administrativo quer podar os bónus dos gestores.

The board of directors wants to prune the managers' bonuses.

Business vocabulary 'bónus'.

Ela sentiu que a sua criatividade estava a ser podada.

She felt that her creativity was being pruned.

Passive continuous 'estava a ser podada'.

Podar as videiras requer técnica e paciência.

Pruning the vines requires technique and patience.

Infinitive as a subject.

A austeridade obrigou o país a podar os seus serviços sociais.

Austerity forced the country to prune its social services.

Socio-political context.

O autor decidiu podar a narrativa para focar no essencial.

The author decided to prune the narrative to focus on the essential.

Literary context.

É imperativo podar qualquer sinal de corrupção na instituição.

It is imperative to prune any sign of corruption in the institution.

Strong modal 'é imperativo'.

O filósofo argumenta que devemos podar os nossos desejos supérfluos.

The philosopher argues that we must prune our superfluous desires.

Philosophical context.

A poda radical das árvores urbanas gerou controvérsia.

The radical pruning of urban trees sparked controversy.

Noun phrase 'A poda radical'.

Ela podou as arestas da sua personalidade para se adaptar ao cargo.

She pruned the 'rough edges' of her personality to adapt to the position.

Idiomatic 'podar as arestas'.

A videira, se não for podada, perde-se em folhagem sem fruto.

The vine, if not pruned, gets lost in foliage without fruit.

Conditional 'se não for' + participle.

O editor sugeriu podar os adjetivos para tornar a prosa mais direta.

The editor suggested pruning the adjectives to make the prose more direct.

Stylistic advice.

A dialética da obra exige que se podam as redundâncias teóricas.

The dialectic of the work requires that theoretical redundancies be pruned.

Subjunctive 'podam' after 'exige que'.

Podar o desnecessário é a quintessência do minimalismo moderno.

Pruning the unnecessary is the quintessence of modern minimalism.

Abstract philosophical subject.

O estadista soube podar as fações extremistas do seu próprio partido.

The statesman knew how to prune the extremist factions of his own party.

High-level political strategy.

A poda intelectual permite-nos discernir a verdade entre o ruído.

Intellectual pruning allows us to discern the truth amidst the noise.

Metaphor for critical thinking.

O regime procurou podar as vozes dissidentes através da censura.

The regime sought to prune dissident voices through censorship.

Political repression context.

Na escultura, o artista deve podar a pedra até encontrar a forma.

In sculpture, the artist must prune the stone until the form is found.

Artistic metaphor.

A evolução biológica podou as características inúteis da espécie.

Biological evolution pruned the useless characteristics of the species.

Scientific context.

Podar as próprias ambições pode ser o caminho para a paz interior.

Pruning one's own ambitions can be the path to inner peace.

Spiritual/Reflective context.

ترکیب‌های رایج

podar as árvores

podar gastos

podar as asas

podar o excesso

tesoura de podar

época de podar

podar radicalmente

podar o ego

podar arbustos

podar rentes

عبارات رایج

Mãos à obra, vamos podar!

— Let's get to work, let's prune! Used to start a gardening task.

O dia está lindo. Mãos à obra, vamos podar as rosas!

A poda faz falta.

— Pruning is necessary. Often used metaphorically to say something needs to be reduced.

Este projeto está muito confuso; a poda faz falta aqui.

Podar pela raiz.

— To prune/cut from the root. To solve a problem completely by removing its source.

Temos de podar este problema pela raiz antes que piore.

Bem podado.

— Well pruned. Can refer to a plant or a person who has been 'humbled'.

O jardim está muito bonito e bem podado.

Mal podado.

— Badly pruned. Messy or poorly executed.

Aquela árvore ficou horrível, está mal podada.

Podar as unhas.

— To trim nails. (Informal/Humorous, as 'cortar' is standard).

Estás com umas garras enormes, precisas de podar as unhas!

Tempo de poda.

— Pruning time. Refers to the season or a period of reduction.

No inverno, entramos no tempo de poda na quinta.

Podar o texto.

— To edit a text by removing unnecessary words.

O meu manuscrito tem 500 páginas, preciso de o podar.

Podar a árvore genealógica.

— To prune the family tree. (Humorous/Dark idiom about removing relatives).

Ele brincou que ia podar a árvore genealógica dele.

Podar por cima.

— To prune from the top. To do a superficial job.

Não podes apenas podar por cima, tens de ir ao fundo.

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

podar vs poder

The most common confusion. 'Poder' means 'to be able to' or 'power'. 'Podar' is only for pruning.

podar vs pular

Means 'to jump'. Only sounds slightly similar to beginners.

podar vs polir

Means 'to polish'. Used for shoes or metal, never for plants.

اصطلاحات و عبارات

"Podar as asas a alguém"

— To clip someone's wings. To restrict someone's freedom or ambition.

O chefe tentou podar as asas à sua criatividade.

informal/metaphorical

"Fazer a poda"

— To do the pruning. Can also mean to fire many people at once in a company.

A nova gerência vai fazer a poda no departamento de vendas.

business slang

"Estar na poda"

— To be pruning. Also used to mean being in the middle of a difficult task.

Não me ligues agora, estou na poda com este relatório.

informal

"Podar as barbas"

— To trim the beard. (Rare/Regional variation of 'aparar').

Ele foi ao barbeiro podar as barbas.

dialectal

"Cair na poda"

— To fall into the pruning. To be one of the things/people removed or cut.

Muitos projetos secundários caíram na poda este ano.

neutral

"Dar uma poda"

— To give a pruning. To scold someone or put them in their place.

O professor deu uma poda no aluno atrevido.

informal

"Sair da poda"

— To come out of the pruning. To survive a round of cuts.

Apenas três funcionários saíram da poda ilesos.

informal

"Podar o mal pela raiz"

— To nip the evil in the bud. (Similar to 'cortar o mal pela raiz').

É preciso podar o mal pela raiz para evitar o caos.

formal

"Poda de formação"

— Training pruning. Shaping a young plant or, metaphorically, educating a young person.

A escola deve ser uma poda de formação para o caráter.

technical/metaphorical

"Levar uma poda"

— To receive a pruning. To be criticized or reduced in importance.

O orçamento da festa levou uma poda valente.

informal

به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

podar vs aparar

Both involve cutting parts of something.

Aparar is superficial (hair, edges, neatness). Podar is structural/biological (health, growth of plants).

Apara o bigode, mas poda a parreira.

podar vs cortar

General term for cutting.

Cortar is destructive or general. Podar is constructive and specific to plants.

Cortei o papel, mas podei a árvore.

podar vs ceifar

Both are agricultural cutting terms.

Ceifar means to reap or mow (wheat, grass, lives). Podar is for branches and stems.

A morte ceifa vidas; o jardineiro poda roseiras.

podar vs desbastar

Both involve removing excess.

Desbastar is often used for wood, stone, or thinning out a forest. Podar is for individual plant maintenance.

Desbasta a madeira antes de podar os arbustos.

podar vs tosquiar

Involves cutting 'hair' or growth.

Tosquiar is used for shearing animals (sheep) or, metaphorically, giving a very bad haircut.

Vamos tosquiar as ovelhas, não podar.

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

Eu podo [planta].

Eu podo a rosa.

O [sujeito] vai podar o/a [objeto].

O jardineiro vai podar a sebe.

É preciso podar [abstração] para [objetivo].

É preciso podar custos para sobreviver.

Se [sujeito] [subjuntivo futuro], [resultado].

Se nós podarmos a macieira, teremos maçãs doces.

[Sujeito] viu-se obrigado a podar [objeto].

A instituição viu-se obrigada a podar os privilégios.

A poda de [objeto] revela [conclusão].

A poda de adjetivos revela uma escrita madura.

Andar a podar [objeto].

Ando a podar as árvores do quintal.

Não se pode podar [objeto] agora.

Não se pode podar o limoeiro agora.

خانواده کلمه

اسم‌ها

poda (the act of pruning)

podador (the person who prunes)

podadeira (pruning shears)

podadura (the result of pruning)

فعل‌ها

podar (to prune)

repodar (to prune again)

صفت‌ها

podado (pruned)

podável (prunable)

مرتبط

tesoura

jardim

galho

árvore

agricultura

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نحوه استفاده

frequency

Common in spring/winter and in business news.

اشتباهات رایج

Eu podo ir ao cinema. → Eu posso ir ao cinema.
Confusing 'podar' (to prune) with 'poder' (to be able to).
Vou podar o meu cabelo. → Vou cortar o meu cabelo.
'Podar' is for plants, 'cortar' or 'aparar' is for hair.
Eles podaram a grama. → Eles cortaram a grama.
While 'podar' is used for plants, 'cortar' is the standard for grass/lawns.
Eu preciso podar o papel. → Eu preciso cortar o papel.
'Podar' implies growth maintenance, which doesn't apply to inanimate objects like paper.
A poda de pessoas foi grande. → O corte de pessoal foi grande.
In a business context, use 'corte de pessoal' or 'despedimentos'. 'Poda' for people is very informal/slang.

نکات

Regularity is Key

Since it's a regular -ar verb, once you know 'falar', you know 'podar'. Don't overthink the conjugation!

The Right Tool

Associate 'podar' with 'tesoura' (scissors/shears). This helps anchor the word in a physical action.

Metaphorical Power

Use 'podar' in business contexts to sound sophisticated when talking about efficiency and cutting waste.

Context Matters

If you hear 'podo' and you're in a garden, it's 'podar'. If you're talking about permission, it's likely 'posso' or 'pode'.

Wine Connection

In Portugal, mention 'a poda das vinhas' to show you understand the local agricultural importance.

Editing Tip

When self-editing your Portuguese essays, tell yourself you are 'podando o texto' to make it clearer.

Soft 'D'

In European Portuguese, keep the 'd' soft. It shouldn't sound like a hard 'd' in 'dog', but more like the 'th' in 'this'.

Plant Doctor

Think of 'podar' as 'Plant-O-Doctor-Action-Required'. You are the doctor fixing the plant by cutting.

Stress the End

Always stress the 'ar' at the end: po-DAR. This is typical for most Portuguese infinitives.

Not for Hair

Never tell a barber you want to 'podar' your hair unless you want to be laughed at!

حفظ کنید

روش یادسپاری

Imagine a gardener named **Paul** who **P**runes **O**ld **D**ead **A**wful **R**oots. P-O-D-A-R.

تداعی تصویری

Picture a pair of silver shears snipping a branch. The shape of the shears open looks like the letter 'P' in 'Podar'.

شبکه واژگان

Jardim Tesoura Galhos Árvore Crescimento Limpeza Saúde Outono

چالش

Go to your garden or look at a houseplant. Say out loud: 'Eu vou podar esta planta'. If you are looking at your bank account, say: 'Eu preciso podar os meus gastos'.

ریشه کلمه

From the Latin 'putare', which means 'to clean, to trim, to prune, or to settle an account'.

معنای اصلی: To make clean or to purify by removing excess.

Romance (Latinate).

بافت فرهنگی

No major sensitivities; it is a neutral, constructive word.

English speakers might use 'trim' or 'cut' more broadly, but 'podar' is specifically 'prune' in a technical sense.

The poem 'A Poda' by various Portuguese regional authors celebrating rural life. Agricultural manuals from the 'Instituto da Vinha e do Vinho' in Portugal. The metaphor of 'podar' in political speeches during the 2008 financial crisis in Portugal.

تمرین در زندگی واقعی

موقعیت‌های واقعی

Gardening at home

Onde está a tesoura de podar?
Vou podar as roseiras.
Esta planta precisa de ser podada.
Cuidado ao podar os galhos.

Professional Agriculture

A época da poda começou.
Contratamos especialistas para podar as videiras.
A poda de formação é essencial.
Quantos hectares vamos podar hoje?

Business/Finance

Temos de podar o orçamento.
A empresa vai podar os benefícios.
Podar custos é a prioridade.
O projeto foi podado pela metade.

City Maintenance

A prefeitura está a podar as árvores.
Rua cortada para poda de árvores.
Os galhos precisam de poda urgente.
A poda evita quedas de energia.

Writing/Editing

Pode o texto para ficar mais curto.
O editor podou o meu artigo.
É preciso podar os adjetivos.
O capítulo foi podado drasticamente.

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

"Você costuma podar as suas próprias plantas ou contrata alguém?"

"Qual é a melhor época para podar as roseiras aqui na região?"

"Você acha que o governo deveria podar mais os gastos públicos?"

"Já alguma vez podou uma árvore e ela acabou por morrer?"

"Na sua opinião, é mais difícil plantar ou podar um jardim?"

موضوعات نگارش

Escreva sobre uma vez que você teve que 'podar' algo na sua vida (um hábito, um gasto, uma amizade) para poder crescer.

Descreva o processo de podar uma planta passo a passo, como se estivesse a ensinar alguém.

Reflexão: Por que é que a poda é necessária na natureza e na vida humana?

Imagine que você é um jardineiro real. Quais árvores você iria podar hoje e por quê?

Escreva um diálogo entre dois vizinhos discutindo sobre a poda de uma árvore que fica na divisa das casas.

سوالات متداول

10 سوال

Technically no, it sounds very strange. You should use 'cortar' or 'aparar' for hair. Using 'podar' makes it sound like your hair is a bush or a tree.

Yes, it is a perfectly regular -ar verb. It follows the same pattern as 'falar' or 'amar' in all tenses, which makes it easy to learn.

'Poda' is the general act or the season of pruning. 'Podadura' is a more technical term for the result or the specific cut made on the plant.

Yes! It is very common in business and politics. 'Podar o orçamento' or 'podar gastos' are standard metaphorical uses.

You say 'tesoura de podar'. In some regions, you might also hear 'podadeira'.

Yes, it is used in both countries with the same meaning, though the pronunciation of the final 'r' will differ.

It depends on the plant, but for most fruit trees and vines, it is during the dormant season, typically in winter (January/February).

Yes, metaphorically. 'Podar vozes' or 'podar ideias' implies restricting or cutting down someone's expression.

It is an idiom meaning 'to clip someone's wings', essentially taking away their freedom or stopping their ambitious plans.

It refers to cutting back a tree very severely, often leaving only the trunk and main branches. It is often controversial in cities.

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