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B1 verb #6,000 پرکاربردترین 7 دقیقه مطالعه

论述

lunshu رتبه 6,000

تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها 论述 در ۳۰ ثانیه

توضیح 论述 in your Level:

At the A1 level, '论述' (lùnshù) is likely too advanced. You usually learn simple words like '说' (shuō - to say/speak) or '讲' (jiǎng - to tell/speak). However, if you see it, think of it as a very serious way of 'talking about a big idea.' Imagine a teacher talking about a big book; that is a '论述'. You won't need to use it yourself yet, but knowing it means 'a big explanation' is helpful. It is like the difference between saying 'I like apples' and 'I am explaining the history of apples.'

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At the A2 level, you start to learn words for 'explaining,' like '说明' (shuōmíng). '论述' is even more formal than that. You might see it in a simple reading passage about a famous person who '论述' (discussed) their ideas. You should recognize that this word is for school or books. If you try to use it with friends, they might think you are acting like a professor! Just remember: '论述' = serious talk about a topic.

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At the B1 level, you are expected to understand and occasionally use '论述'. This is the level where you start writing short essays or giving presentations. When you want to say 'In my essay, I will discuss...', you can use '在我的文章中，我将论述...' (Zài wǒ de wénzhāng zhōng, wǒ jiāng lùnshù...). It makes your Chinese sound much more professional and academic. It is the perfect word for describing the main point of a report or a structured opinion.

At the B2 level, '论述' should be a regular part of your academic and professional vocabulary. You should be able to distinguish it from '讨论' (interactive discussion) and '叙述' (storytelling). You will use it to describe how an author builds an argument or how a speaker presents a theory. You should also be comfortable using adverbs with it, such as '详细论述' (discuss in detail) or '系统地论述' (systematically expound).

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At the C1 level, you should master the nuances of '论述' in complex sentence structures. You will use it in phrases like '对...进行了深刻的论述' (conducted a profound exposition on...). You should be able to analyze the '论述逻辑' (logic of the exposition) in a text. At this level, you aren't just using the word; you are evaluating the quality of the '论述' itself. You might critique a paper by saying its '论述不够严密' (the exposition is not rigorous enough).

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At the C2 level, '论述' is a fundamental tool for high-level discourse. You use it to navigate complex philosophical, political, and legal texts. You understand its role in the 'Ce Lun' (policy essay) tradition of Chinese history and can use it to engage in high-level academic debate. You can use it to describe the overarching '论述体系' (discourse system) of a particular school of thought. It is no longer just a verb; it is a concept representing structured, authoritative knowledge.

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تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها

论述 در ۳۰ ثانیه

Formal verb meaning to systematically discuss or expound on a topic.
Commonly used in academic writing, news, and official speeches.
Implies a logical and structured approach rather than casual talk.
Often paired with adverbs like 'detailed' (详细) or 'profound' (深刻).

The Chinese verb 论述 (lùnshù) is a sophisticated term primarily used in formal, academic, and professional contexts. At its core, it means to 'discuss,' 'expound,' or 'provide a systematic explanation' of a specific topic. Unlike the common word for 'talk' (说话) or 'discuss' (讨论), 论述 implies a one-sided or structured presentation of arguments, theories, or facts. It is the act of laying out a logical progression of thoughts to lead an audience or reader to a specific understanding. When you use 论述, you aren't just chatting; you are constructing a framework of ideas.

Formal Discourse: In academic writing, a researcher will 论述 their findings. This involves not just stating the results, but explaining the methodology, the theoretical background, and the implications. It is a comprehensive 'walk-through' of a concept.
Systematic Logic: The character '论' refers to theory or logic, while '述' refers to narration or stating. Combined, they signify the 'narration of logic.' It is frequently used in essay prompts, legal arguments, and political speeches where a clear, orderly explanation is required.

这篇文章详细论述了经济全球化对发展中国家的影响。
(This article discusses in detail the impact of economic globalization on developing countries.)

You will encounter this word most often in textbooks, news editorials, and university lectures. If a professor says, "请论述你的观点" (Please expound upon your viewpoint), they are asking for more than a simple 'yes' or 'no.' They want a structured argument supported by evidence. It suggests a level of depth that goes beyond surface-level conversation.

他的演讲主要论述了环境保护的迫切性。
(His speech mainly expounded on the urgency of environmental protection.)

In the digital age, 论述 is also used in high-level online forums or long-form essays (长评) where a user provides a deep dive into a movie's themes or a game's mechanics. It signals that the content is intellectual and well-thought-out. It elevates the register of the conversation from 'talk' to 'discourse.'

作者在书中对人性的弱点进行了深刻的论述。
(The author provided a profound exposition on the weaknesses of human nature in the book.)

Using 论述 (lùnshù) correctly requires an understanding of its grammatical flexibility as both a verb and occasionally a noun. However, its primary function is as a transitive verb that takes a complex object—usually a topic, a theory, or a problem.

Pattern 1: [Subject] + [Adverb] + 论述 + [Object]: This is the most common structure. Common adverbs include 详细 (in detail), 深刻 (profoundly), or 系统地 (systematically).
Example: 专家系统地论述了城市规划的原则。
Pattern 2: 对...进行论述 (Conduct a discussion on...): This is a highly formal construction often found in academic papers. It treats the 'discussion' as an action being performed upon a topic.
Example: 本文将对人工智能的伦理问题进行深入论述。

请简要论述你对这个历史事件的看法。
(Please briefly expound your views on this historical event.)

One key nuance is that 论述 usually involves a 'full treatment' of a subject. You wouldn't use it for a quick mention. If you are '论述-ing,' you are providing the 'why' and the 'how,' not just the 'what.' This is why it is so closely tied to the word 逻辑 (logic).

他在报告中重点论述了技术创新的必要性。
(In the report, he focused on expounding the necessity of technological innovation.)

In a passive sense, you might see ...得到了充分的论述 (...has been fully discussed/expounded). This indicates that a topic has been covered thoroughly in the literature or a specific text. This is a common phrase in literature reviews.

这个观点在第三章中得到了详细的论述。
(This viewpoint is discussed in detail in Chapter Three.)

Common Collocations

全面论述 (Comprehensive exposition)
专题论述 (Specialized discussion/monograph)
精彩论述 (Brilliant exposition)

If you are walking down a busy street in Beijing or Shanghai, you are unlikely to hear 论述 (lùnshù) in casual banter between friends. However, as soon as you step into a university classroom, a government office, or open a serious newspaper like the People's Daily, the word becomes ubiquitous.

In the University: Professors use this word to set expectations for student work. A common exam question might start with: "请结合实际案例，论述..." (Please combine with actual cases to discuss...). It signals that the student must provide a logical, theoretical framework, not just a list of facts.
In News and Media: News anchors or commentators use 论述 when summarizing a leader's speech or a new policy document. You might hear: "社论对新政策的意义进行了深刻论述" (The editorial provided a profound exposition on the significance of the new policy).

他的论文对古代哲学思想有独到的论述。
(His thesis has a unique exposition on ancient philosophical thought.)

In the business world, 论述 appears in formal reports, particularly in the 'Executive Summary' or 'Strategy' sections. When a consultant '论述' a market entry strategy, they are providing the data and the reasoning behind their recommendations. It carries a weight of authority and professional rigor.

政府白皮书全面论述了我国的外交政策。
(The government white paper comprehensively expounded our country's foreign policy.)

Even in legal settings, lawyers will 论述 their client's defense. It isn't just a statement of innocence; it is a systematic application of the law to the facts of the case. In all these contexts, 论述 is the bridge between raw information and structured knowledge.

Because 论述 (lùnshù) is a high-level word, the most common mistakes involve using it in the wrong 'register' (too formal for the situation) or confusing it with similar-sounding or similar-meaning words.

Mistake 1: Confusing with 讨论 (tǎolùn): 讨论 is interactive. It involves two or more people talking back and forth to reach a conclusion. 论述 is usually a single source (a writer or speaker) presenting a structured argument. You don't '论述' with a friend over coffee about which movie to see.
Mistake 2: Overusing in Casual Speech: Saying "我想论述一下我的心情" (I want to expound on my mood) sounds very strange and overly dramatic in Chinese. Use "说" or "表达" (express) instead. 论述 is for ideas and theories, not feelings or trivialities.

❌ 我们来论述一下今天中午吃什么吧。
✅ 我们来讨论一下今天中午吃什么吧。

Another mistake is failing to provide a proper object. 论述 requires a 'what.' You cannot just say "他在论述" (He is expounding) without implying or stating what is being expounded. Usually, the 'what' is a noun phrase like 'the importance of...' or 'the relationship between...'

Finally, learners sometimes forget that 论述 is a verb that describes a process. It isn't just the 'conclusion'; it is the whole path of reasoning. If you only provide a conclusion, you haven't really '论述-ed' anything.

To truly master 论述 (lùnshù), you must see where it sits in the family of words related to 'explaining' and 'discussing.' Chinese has many nuances for these actions depending on the depth and formality required.

论述 vs. 阐述 (chǎnshù): 论述: Focuses on logical reasoning and systematic proof. Common in academic papers.
阐述: Focuses on clarifying, elaborating, or making a profound meaning clear. Often used for explaining principles or visions.
论述 vs. 叙述 (xùshù): 论述: Argumentative and logical. It's about 'why.'
叙述: Narrative and descriptive. It's about 'what happened' (telling a story or describing a sequence of events).
论述 vs. 说明 (shuōmíng): 论述: High-level, theoretical, and academic.
说明: Neutral, factual, and practical. You '说明' how a machine works or '说明' your reasons for being late.

他详细地叙述了事故的过程，但没有对原因进行论述。
(He narrated the process of the accident in detail, but did not discuss/expound on the causes.)

When choosing between these, ask yourself: Am I just telling a story (叙述)? Am I just making something clear (说明)? Or am I building a logical case for a theory (论述)? If it's the latter, 论述 is your best choice. In very formal settings, you might also see 陈述 (chénshù), which is often used for stating facts or positions in a legal or official capacity.

چقدر رسمی است؟

نکته جالب

The character '论' contains the 'speech' radical (讠) and '仑' (lún), which depicts bamboo slips tied together. It literally means 'ordered speech.'

راهنمای تلفظ

UK /luːn ʃuː/

US /lun ʃu/

Both syllables are equally stressed as they both carry the 4th tone.

هم‌قافیه با

训 (xùn) 运 (yùn) 树 (shù) 住 (zhù) 路 (lù) 度 (dù) 步 (bù) 助 (zhù)

خطاهای رایج

Pronouncing 'shù' as 'sù' (common for southern Chinese speakers).
Confusing the 4th tone with the 2nd tone (lúnshú).
Merging the two syllables into one blurred sound.

سطح دشواری

خواندن 4/5

Common in formal texts, but requires understanding of abstract concepts.

نوشتن 5/5

Difficult to use correctly without sounding too formal or stiff.

صحبت کردن 5/5

Rarely used in daily speech; mainly for presentations or debates.

گوش دادن 4/5

Frequently heard in news and lectures.

بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟

پیش‌نیازها

说讲说明讨论理论

بعداً یاد بگیرید

阐述陈述叙述辩证逻辑

پیشرفته

宏大叙事话语体系思辨严谨

گرامر لازم

The use of '进行' (jìnxíng) with formal verbs.

对问题进行论述。

Adverbial '地' (de) with multi-syllable adverbs.

系统地论述。

Resultative complements with formal verbs.

论述清楚。

The passive with '得到' (dédào).

观点得到了论述。

Prepositional phrases with '对' (duì).

对他人的观点进行论述。

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مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

老师在论述课文。

The teacher is explaining the text.

Simple Subject + Verb + Object.

他论述了他的想法。

He explained his ideas.

Using '了' for completed action.

书里论述了很多东西。

The book discusses many things.

Location + Verb + Object.

请你论述一下。

Please explain a bit.

Using '一下' to soften the request.

他不爱论述这些事。

He doesn't like to discuss these things.

Negative '不' before the verb.

我们要论述这个问题。

We need to discuss this problem.

Modal verb '要' + main verb.

他在论述中写了字。

He wrote words in the explanation.

Using '论述' as a noun-like object.

论述很重要。

Expounding is very important.

Verb as the subject.

这篇文章论述了天气变化。

This article discusses weather changes.

Formal subject '这篇文章'.

他详细论述了那个故事。

He discussed that story in detail.

Adverb '详细' + Verb.

教授论述了历史的意义。

The professor expounded on the meaning of history.

Formal subject '教授'.

报告论述了公司的计划。

The report discussed the company's plans.

Abstract subject '报告'.

我们要学会如何论述观点。

We need to learn how to expound on viewpoints.

Structure '学会如何...'.

他论述得非常清楚。

He explained it very clearly.

Verb + '得' + Adverbial complement.

你能在会上论述一下吗？

Can you expound on it at the meeting?

Question form with '吗'.

这本杂志论述了新科技。

This magazine discusses new technology.

Topic-based subject.

本文将论述环境保护的必要性。

This paper will discuss the necessity of environmental protection.

Future intent '将'.

专家对这个问题进行了论述。

The expert conducted a discussion on this issue.

Structure '对...进行论述'.

他的论述非常有逻辑性。

His exposition is very logical.

Using '论述' as a noun.

作者在第一章论述了背景。

The author discussed the background in the first chapter.

Prepositional phrase '在...中'.

请你简要论述一下你的研究。

Please briefly expound on your research.

Adverb '简要' (briefly).

这篇社论深刻地论述了社会问题。

This editorial profoundly discussed social problems.

Adverb '深刻地'.

他试图论述两者之间的关系。

He tried to expound on the relationship between the two.

Verb '试图' (attempt).

论述过程中需要引用证据。

Evidence needs to be cited during the exposition.

Compound '论述过程'.

该书全面论述了现代经济学理论。

The book comprehensively discusses modern economic theories.

Adverb '全面' (comprehensively).

他从多个角度论述了这一观点。

He expounded on this viewpoint from multiple angles.

Prepositional phrase '从...角度'.

这篇文章的论述逻辑十分严密。

The logic of this article's exposition is very rigorous.

Noun phrase '论述逻辑'.

我们需要进一步论述其中的风险。

We need to further discuss the risks involved.

Adverb '进一步' (further).

演讲者重点论述了教育改革。

The speaker focused on expounding on education reform.

Adverb '重点' (focusing on).

该报告对市场趋势作了详细论述。

The report made a detailed exposition of market trends.

Structure '对...作了...论述'.

他的论述引起了广泛的关注。

His exposition attracted widespread attention.

Verb '引起' (attracted/caused).

论文通过对比论述了优缺点。

The paper discussed pros and cons through comparison.

Prepositional phrase '通过对比'.

这部著作系统地论述了马克思主义。

This work systematically expounds on Marxism.

Adverb '系统地' (systematically).

作者在文中对人性进行了哲学论述。

The author provided a philosophical exposition on human nature in the text.

Complex noun phrase '哲学论述'.

其论述深度在同类作品中罕见。

The depth of its exposition is rare among similar works.

Noun '论述深度'.

他通过严密的论述反驳了对方。

He refuted the opponent through rigorous exposition.

Prepositional phrase '通过...的论述'.

这篇文章对文化自信进行了精辟论述。

This article provided a brilliant exposition on cultural confidence.

Adjective '精辟' (penetrating/brilliant).

论述的严谨性是学术论文的核心。

The rigor of exposition is the core of academic papers.

Nominalization '论述的严谨性'.

他试图在论述中寻找平衡点。

He tried to find a point of balance in the exposition.

Locative phrase '在论述中'.

该理论在本文中得到了辩证的论述。

The theory has been dialectically discussed in this paper.

Passive structure '得到了...论述'.

该文献对权力结构的论述入木三分。

The literature's exposition on power structures is extremely profound.

Idiom '入木三分' as a complement.

他的论述框架构建在解构主义之上。

His exposition framework is built upon deconstructionism.

Technical term '论述框架'.

学者们就此问题展开了激烈的论述。

Scholars launched into fierce expositions on this issue.

Verb '展开' (launch/unfold).

其论述风格体现了古典主义的严谨。

Its style of exposition embodies the rigor of classicism.

Noun '论述风格'.

文章对地缘政治的论述具有预见性。

The article's exposition on geopolitics is prophetic.

Adjective '具有预见性'.

他回避了对核心矛盾的正面论述。

He avoided a direct exposition of the core contradiction.

Verb '回避' (avoid).

这一论述为后来的研究奠定了基础。

This exposition laid the foundation for subsequent research.

Idiomatic phrase '奠定了基础'.

论述的张力源于理论与现实的冲突。

The tension of the exposition stems from the conflict between theory and reality.

Complex subject '论述的张力'.

مترادف‌ها

阐述讲解分析叙述

متضادها

概括简述

ترکیب‌های رایج

详细论述

深刻论述

系统论述

进行论述

精辟论述

简要论述

全面论述

重点论述

逻辑论述

专题论述

عبارات رایج

论述题

— Essay question or discussion question on an exam.

最后一道题是论述题。

论述逻辑

— The logical structure of an exposition.

你的论述逻辑有点乱。

论述风格

— The style in which someone expounds their ideas.

他的论述风格很犀利。

论述框架

— The theoretical framework of a discussion.

我们需要建立一个论述框架。

论述体系

— A complete system of discourse or theory.

该学者的论述体系非常庞大。

论述过程

— The process of explaining or arguing.

在论述过程中，他引用了数据。

深入论述

— To discuss something in great depth.

我们将深入论述这一现象。

正面论述

— To discuss a topic directly or affirmatively.

他避开了正面论述。

精彩论述

— A brilliant or wonderful exposition.

这真是一段精彩的论述。

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

论述 vs 讨论

Discussion (interactive) vs. Exposition (systematic/one-sided).

论述 vs 叙述

Narration (story-telling) vs. Exposition (logical argument).

论述 vs 陈述

Statement (facts/positions) vs. Exposition (theories/arguments).

اصطلاحات و عبارات

"引经据典"

— Quoting classics to support an argument, often used during a '论述'.

他在论述中引经据典，非常有说服力。

Literary

"入木三分"

— Profound and keen, often used to describe a powerful '论述'.

他对社会问题的论述入木三分。

Literary

"无懈可击"

— Flawless and impregnable, used for a perfect '论述'.

他的论述逻辑严密，无懈可击。

Neutral

"言之有物"

— Speech or writing that has substance and meaning.

好的论述必须言之有物。

Neutral

"条理清晰"

— Well-organized and clear, essential for a good '论述'.

这篇文章论述条理清晰。

Neutral

"微言大义"

— Deep meaning in simple words, sometimes found in concise '论述'.

古人的论述往往微言大义。

Literary

"理屈词穷"

— To be at the end of one's rope in an argument/exposition.

他在论述中渐渐理屈词穷。

Neutral

"自圆其说"

— To make one's argument consistent or plausible.

他的论述很难自圆其说。

Neutral

"言简意赅"

— Brief but comprehensive.

他的论述言简意赅，非常到位。

Neutral

"旁征博引"

— To quote extensively from various sources.

这篇论文旁征博引，论述详实。

Literary

به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

论述 vs 阐述

Both mean 'to explain' in a formal way.

阐述 emphasizes clarifying a deep meaning (clarification), while 论述 emphasizes logical proof (argumentation).

阐述愿景 (Expound a vision) vs. 论述理论 (Expound a theory).

论述 vs 描述

Both involve explaining something.

描述 is 'to describe' (sensory details), while 论述 is 'to expound' (logical thoughts).

描述外貌 (Describe appearance) vs. 论述观点 (Expound a viewpoint).

论述 vs 讲解

Both involve explaining a topic.

讲解 is usually oral and educational (teacher to student), while 论述 is more formal and can be written or spoken.

讲解题目 (Explain a problem) vs. 论述政策 (Expound a policy).

论述 vs 说明

Both mean to explain.

说明 is neutral and factual; 论述 is formal and theoretical.

说明原因 (Explain the reason) vs. 论述意义 (Expound the significance).

论述 vs 辩论

Both involve arguments.

辩论 is a back-and-forth contest; 论述 is a systematic presentation of one's own argument.

参加辩论 (Join a debate) vs. 发表论述 (Publish an exposition).

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

本文论述了[Topic]。

本文论述了网络安全。

请简要论述[Topic]。

请简要论述你的理由。

作者详细地论述了[Topic]。

作者详细地论述了背景。

我们要对[Topic]进行深入论述。

我们要对市场变化进行深入论述。

[Topic]在文中得到了充分的论述。

该理论在文中得到了充分的论述。

从[Perspective]角度论述[Topic]。

从历史角度论述文化变迁。

其论述逻辑之严密令人折服。

该论述奠定了[Field]的基础。

该论述奠定了社会学的基础。

خانواده کلمه

اسم‌ها

论点 (point of view)

论据 (evidence)

论证 (argumentation)

论题 (topic)

论述题 (essay question)

فعل‌ها

讨论 (discuss)

辩论 (debate)

叙述 (narrate)

阐述 (expound)

صفت‌ها

论述性的 (discursive/expository)

مرتبط

理论 (theory)

言论 (speech/opinion)

叙述 (narration)

描述 (description)

陈述 (statement)

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نحوه استفاده

frequency

High in academic and professional domains; low in daily life.

اشتباهات رایج

Using '论述' for simple talk. → Using '说' or '谈'.
You don't '论述' about your breakfast. It's too formal.
Using '论述' as an interactive discussion. → Using '讨论'.
'论述' is usually a one-way exposition of ideas.
Forgetting the object. → Adding a topic: '论述[问题]'.
You must expound *something*.
Mixing up '论述' and '叙述'. → Use '叙述' for stories, '论述' for logic.
A story is narrated (叙述), a theory is expounded (论述).
Incorrect tone usage. → lùnshù (both 4th tone).
Wrong tones can lead to confusion with other words like 'lunshu' (different characters).

نکات

Academic Writing

When writing an abstract, use '本文论述了...' to introduce your main argument. It sounds very professional.

Elevate Your Register

Replace simple words like '讲一下' with '论述' when you are in a formal meeting or giving a presentation.

Structure Matters

If you use the word '论述', make sure your explanation actually has steps or a logical flow. Don't just list facts.

Using '进行'

Remember the pattern '对...进行论述'. It is a very common way to use this word in formal reports.

Pairing

Pair '论述' with '观点' (viewpoint) or '理论' (theory) for the most natural-sounding combinations.

Spotting the Word

When you see '论述' in a text, it usually marks the beginning of the author's core argument.

Tone Accuracy

Practice the double 4th tone (falling-falling) to avoid sounding like you are asking a question.

Answering Prompts

In a '论述题', don't just give a short answer. Provide a detailed, multi-point explanation.

Vs. 叙述

If you are telling what happened, use '叙述'. If you are explaining why it matters, use '论述'.

Depth

Use '深刻论述' when you want to emphasize that the analysis goes beyond the surface level.

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روش یادسپاری

Think of 'LUN' as 'Logic' and 'SHU' as 'Showing'. You are 'Logically Showing' your ideas.

تداعی تصویری

Imagine a professor standing at a podium, connecting different dots on a whiteboard with straight, logical lines. That process is '论述'.

شبکه واژگان

逻辑 (Logic) 理论 (Theory) 解释 (Explain) 学术 (Academic) 论文 (Paper) 文章 (Article) 演讲 (Speech) 观点 (Viewpoint)

چالش

Try to use '论述' in a sentence that describes your favorite book or movie's main message.

ریشه کلمه

The word '论述' combines two characters with deep roots in classical Chinese. '论' (lùn) originally meant to arrange bamboo slips in order to form a coherent theory or argument. '述' (shù) meant to follow a path or to transmit knowledge from ancestors.

معنای اصلی: To follow a logical path to arrange and transmit ideas.

Sino-Tibetan

بافت فرهنگی

No specific sensitivities, but using it in casual contexts can make you sound arrogant or overly formal.

The English equivalent 'expound' or 'discourse' is similarly formal and academic.

The 'Analects' (论语) - though '论' here is a noun, it sets the tone for the word's gravity. Government White Papers (白皮书) often use this word in their titles. Academic journals in China almost always use '论述' in their abstracts.

تمرین در زندگی واقعی

موقعیت‌های واقعی

Academic Writing

本文旨在论述...
详细论述了...
对...进行了深入论述
论述的重点在于...

News/Media

社论论述了...
专家对此进行了论述
深刻论述了意义
全面论述了政策

Exams/Education

请论述...
论述题
简要论述
逻辑严密的论述

Professional Reports

报告论述了风险
重点论述了战略
系统论述了流程
相关论述见附件

Legal/Official

白皮书论述了...
法律论述
对此作了论述
正面论述

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

"你能论述一下你为什么选择这个专业吗？"

"你觉得这篇文章对环保的论述有说服力吗？"

"在你的报告中，你打算如何论述这个风险？"

"请你简要论述一下这个新政策的优缺点。"

"你同意作者对人性的论述吗？"

موضوعات نگارش

请论述你对未来科技发展的看法，并给出理由。

论述一次你通过逻辑说服他人的经历。

选择一个社会现象，并对其产生的原因进行详细论述。

论述学习第二语言对大脑发育的影响。

如果你要写一本书，你最想在书中论述什么主题？

سوالات متداول

10 سوال

No, that would sound very strange. '论述' is for formal topics like theories or policies. For your day, use '说' or '讲'.

It is primarily a verb, but it can function as a noun meaning 'exposition' or 'discussion' in formal contexts.

'讨论' involves multiple people talking together. '论述' is usually one person explaining a topic systematically.

Yes, it is a key word in essay prompts and is expected in student writing.

Yes, if the email is formal and you are discussing a strategy or a serious proposal.

It's 'lùnshù' with two fourth (falling) tones. Think of a sharp downward motion for both.

Common ones include '详细' (detailed), '系统' (systematic), '深刻' (profound), and '简要' (brief).

Rarely. It's mostly for non-fiction, academic, or professional writing.

It is much more common in writing, but it's used in formal speeches and lectures.

It has the 'speech' radical (讠), indicating it relates to language and communication.

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