B2 adjective خنثی 1 دقیقه مطالعه

空泛

kong fan /kʰʊŋ⁵⁵ fän⁵¹/
Practice it

Use '空泛' to describe abstract ideas or statements that lack practical substance or specific details.

واژه در 30 ثانیه

  • Describes content that is vague and lacks concrete substance.
  • Commonly used to criticize speeches, writing, or plans.
  • Implies a need for more specific details or practical actions.

同类词辨析：

  • 与‘空洞’（kōngdòng）相比：‘空洞’侧重于完全没有东西，像个空壳；而‘空泛’侧重于范围太广，导致不着边际、不具体。
  • 与‘抽象’（chōuxiàng）相比：‘抽象’是一个中性词，指从具体事物中提取出的概括性理论；而‘空泛’则明确指出这种概括是因为缺乏支撑而显得无力。
  • 与‘笼统’（lǒngtǒng）相比：‘笼统’指不加分析地概括，而‘空泛’更多了一层‘没有实际意义’的负面评价。

مثال‌ها

1

我们不应该只喊空泛的口号，而要采取实际行动。

everyday

We should not just shout vague slogans, but take practical action.

2

这篇文章对问题的分析流于空泛，缺乏数据支持。

formal

The analysis of the problem in this article is too general and lacks data support.

3

别跟我说这些空泛的大道理，直接告诉我怎么做。

informal

Don't give me these vague platitudes; just tell me what to do.

4

由于论证过于空泛，该研究的结论受到了质疑。

academic

Because the argumentation was too abstract and vague, the study's conclusions were questioned.

ترکیب‌های رایج

空泛的口号 vague slogans
内容空泛 content is vague/empty
议论空泛 vague discussion/argumentation

عبارات رایج

辞藻空泛

flowery but empty language

理论空泛

vague theory

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

空泛 vs 空洞

‘空洞’ (kōngdòng) suggests something is completely hollow or devoid of meaning, whereas ‘空泛’ (kōngfàn) suggests it is too broad or general to be useful.

空泛 vs 抽象

‘抽象’ (chōuxiàng) is a neutral term for 'abstract' or 'theoretical,' while ‘空泛’ is a negative term implying a lack of substance.

الگوهای دستوری

Subject + 很/非常 + 空泛 空泛的 + Noun (如：理论、口号、谈话) 流于 + 空泛

How to Use It

نکات کاربردی

‘空泛’ is primarily used in formal or semi-formal critiques. It is a powerful word to use when you want to point out that a plan, speech, or piece of writing lacks the necessary detail to be effective or believable. It is rarely used in a positive sense.

اشتباهات رایج

A common mistake is using ‘空泛’ to describe a physical space, like an empty room or an empty box. For those cases, use ‘空’ (kōng) or ‘空旷’ (kōngkuàng) instead. ‘空泛’ is strictly for information, ideas, or language.

Tips

💡

Focus on the lack of concrete evidence

When you use this word, you are usually pointing out that someone is talking in circles without giving real examples.

⚠️

Don't use it for physical objects

Unlike 'empty' in English, '空泛' is only for abstract concepts like ideas, words, or plans, not empty boxes.

🌍

Cultural emphasis on 'Shi' (Substance)

Chinese culture values '务实' (being pragmatic). Calling someone's words '空泛' is a common way to demand more sincerity and action.

ریشه کلمه

From 'Kong' (empty/hollow) and 'Fan' (drifting/vague/broad). The combination suggests an idea that is spread too thin and contains nothing solid.

بافت فرهنگی

In modern Chinese discourse, there is a strong emphasis on avoiding 'Kongtan' (空谈 - empty talk). The phrase '空谈误国，实干兴邦' (Empty talk harms the nation, practical work prospers it) highlights the cultural disdain for being '空泛'.

راهنمای حفظ

Think of 'Kong' (空) as 'empty' and 'Fan' (泛) as 'overflowing/drifting'. It's like a flood of words that are drifting around because they have no solid weight or substance inside.

سوالات متداول

4 سوال

在很多情况下可以互换，但‘空洞’更强调完全没有内容，而‘空泛’更强调内容太泛、不着边际。

可以，但它通常出现在正式的讨论、评论或书面语中，用来进行较严肃的批评。

最直接的反义词是‘具体’（concrete）或‘充实’（substantial/rich in content）。

在表达时增加具体的数据、案例、细节和可操作的步骤，就能有效避免空泛。

خودت رو بسنج

fill blank

他的演讲虽然辞藻华丽，但内容却十分___，听众觉得没什么收获。

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: 空泛

‘辞藻华丽’与‘内容空泛’形成对比，指只有好听的话但没有实际内容。

multiple choice

选择正确的句子：

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: 他提出了一个空泛的建议，大家不知道该怎么做。

‘空泛’用于形容建议、内容等抽象事物，不用于形容物理空间的空。

sentence building

理论 / 这种 / 解决 / 太 / 实际问题 / 无法 / 空泛

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: 这种理论太空泛，无法解决实际问题。

‘这种理论太空泛’是主谓结构，‘无法解决实际问题’是其导致的结果。

امتیاز: /3

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