过滤 در ۳۰ ثانیه
- To filter out unwanted elements from liquids, gases, or information.
- Used literally for physical filtering (water, air) and figuratively for sorting information.
- Often used with '掉' (diào) to emphasize removal.
- Key verb for processes involving separation and selection.
- Core Meaning
- To remove unwanted elements or substances from something, often by passing it through a filter.
- Literal Usage
- This is the most common usage. Think of water filters, air filters, or coffee filters. You use a filter to separate impurities from the liquid or gas.
- Figurative Usage
- The word can also be used metaphorically. For example, you might filter information to find what's relevant, or filter your social media feed to see only posts from certain people.
- Contexts
- You'll hear this word in discussions about health and safety (e.g., filtering air in hospitals), technology (e.g., filtering spam emails), cooking, environmental science, and even in everyday conversations about making choices.
我们需要 过滤 这些信息，只保留重要的部分。
这个咖啡机可以 过滤 掉咖啡渣。
- Application in Technology
- In computing and online contexts, 过滤 often refers to processes like filtering search results, spam emails, or inappropriate content. For instance, a website might have a feature to filter posts by date or topic.
- Health and Environment
- Environmental agencies and health organizations frequently discuss the need to filter pollutants from water and air. This literal application is crucial for public well-being.
- Personal Choices
- On a personal level, people might filter their diet, filter out negative influences, or filter their social circles to maintain a desired lifestyle or mental state.
- Basic Structure
- The most straightforward way to use 过滤 is: Subject + 过滤 + Object. The object is what is being filtered.
- Adding the Filter Medium
- To specify what is doing the filtering or how the filtering is done, you can use the 'using' structure: Subject + 通过 + Filter + 过滤 + Object, or Subject + 用 + Filter + 过滤 + Object.
- Indicating What is Removed
- Often, you'll want to say what is being removed. This can be done with phrases like: 过滤掉 + Unwanted Element.
- Figurative Sentence Examples
- When used figuratively, the object is often abstract. For example, 'filter information' (过滤信息), 'filter comments' (过滤评论), or 'filter out negativity' (过滤掉负面情绪).
请 过滤 掉广告。
我们应该 过滤 掉不真实的消息。
- Using Specific Filters
- Example: 这个机器是用特殊材料 过滤 空气中的微粒的。 (Zhège jīqì shì yòng tèshū cáiliào guòlǜ kōngqì zhōng de wēilì de.) - This machine uses special materials to filter fine particles from the air.
- Filtering for a Purpose
- Example: 网站提供了一个选项，可以 过滤 掉不相关的搜索结果。 (Wǎngzhàn tígōngle yīgè xuǎnxiàng, kěyǐ guòlǜ diào bù xiāngguān de sōusuǒ jiéguǒ.) - The website provides an option to filter out irrelevant search results.
- Filtering in Social Media
- Example: 我设置了隐私，只允许朋友 过滤 看到我的动态。 (Wǒ shèzhìle yǐnsī, zhǐ yǔnxǔ péngyǒu guòlǜ kàndào wǒ de dòngtài.) - I have set my privacy settings to only allow friends to filter and see my posts. (This phrasing is a bit unnatural in English, but common in Chinese to mean 'filter to see'). A more natural translation might be: 'I have set my privacy settings so that only friends can see my posts.' The filtering is implied by the restriction.
- Household Appliances
- Discussions about water purifiers, air conditioners with filters, and coffee makers often involve the word 过滤. For example, people might ask, "这个水壶的滤芯需要多久更换一次？" (Zhège shuǐhú de lǜxīn xūyào duōjiǔ gēnghuàn yīcì?) - How often does the filter element of this kettle need to be replaced? Or, "空调的过滤网脏了，需要清洗。" (Kōngtiáo de guòlǜwǎng zāngle, xūyào qīngxǐ.) - The air conditioner's filter screen is dirty and needs cleaning.
- Technology and Internet
- When talking about software, apps, or websites, 过滤 is very common. You'll hear people say things like: "我在网上购物时，会 过滤 掉价格过高的商品。" (Wǒ zài wǎngshàng gòuwù shí, huì guòlǜ diào jiàgé guògāo de shāngpǐn.) - When I shop online, I filter out items that are too expensive. Or, "这个邮件客户端可以 过滤 垃圾邮件。" (Zhège yóujiàn kèhùduān kěyǐ guòlǜ lājī yóujiàn.) - This email client can filter spam emails.
- Health and Environment
- In news reports or discussions about public health and environmental issues, 过滤 is frequently used. For instance: "为了保护水源，需要在上游 过滤 掉污染物。" (Wèile bǎohù shuǐyuán, xūyào zài shàngyóu guòlǜ diào wūrǎnwù.) - To protect the water source, pollutants need to be filtered out upstream. Or, "医院的空气需要经过特殊 过滤 系统。" (Yīyuàn de kōngqì xūyào jīngguò tèshū guòlǜ xìtǒng.) - The hospital's air needs to go through a special filtering system.
- Everyday Conversations
- Even in casual chats, people might use it metaphorically. For example: "我最近在 过滤 我的朋友圈，只留下真正的好友。" (Wǒ zuìjìn zài guòlǜ wǒ de péngyǒuquān, zhǐ liú xià zhēnzhèng de hǎoyǒu.) - I'm currently filtering my WeChat Moments, only keeping truly good friends. This means they are reviewing and removing people from their friend list or adjusting privacy settings.
这个净水器可以 过滤 掉大部分有害物质。
社交媒体上有很多信息，需要 过滤 才能找到有用的。
- Confusing Literal and Figurative Use
- Learners might sometimes use 过滤 in a situation where a more specific verb is needed, or vice versa. For example, saying "我 过滤 了我的朋友" (Wǒ guòlǜle wǒ de péngyǒu) might sound a bit blunt or imply a technical process of removal rather than a personal decision to unfriend someone. A more natural way to express unfriending might be "我删了一些不常联系的朋友" (Wǒ shānle yīxiē bù cháng liánxì de péngyǒu - I deleted some friends I don't often contact).
- Overuse of '掉' (diào)
- While 掉 is very common with 过滤, it's not always necessary. If the context clearly implies removal, simply using 过滤 + Object is sufficient. For example, "这个过滤器可以 过滤 杂质" (Zhège guòlǜqì kěyǐ guòlǜ zázhì) is perfectly fine without 掉. Overusing 掉 can sometimes sound slightly redundant.
- Using 过滤 for 'Selecting' or 'Choosing'
- While filtering information implies selection, 过滤 isn't always the best word if the primary action is active selection or choosing from a set of options. For example, if you are actively picking out specific items from a list, verbs like 选择 (xuǎnzé - to choose) or 挑选 (tiāoxuǎn - to select/pick) might be more appropriate. However, if you are applying a criteria to reduce the number of options, 过滤 is suitable. Example: "我 过滤 了所有不符合条件的申请者。" (Wǒ guòlǜle suǒyǒu bù fúhé tiáojiàn de shēnqǐngzhě.) - I filtered out all applicants who did not meet the conditions. This is correct because it implies removing those who don't meet criteria.
- Grammatical Errors with '通过' (tōngguò)
- When specifying the means of filtering, the structure is usually Subject + 通过 + [Means] + 过滤 + Object. Sometimes learners might place '通过' incorrectly. For instance, saying "我通过过滤了不好的信息" (Wǒ tōngguò guòlǜle bù hǎo de xìnxī) is grammatically awkward. It should be "我 通过 过滤 过滤 了不好的信息" (Wǒ tōngguò guòlǜ guòlǜle bù hǎo de xìnxī) - I filtered out bad information *through* filtering (which is redundant). A better sentence would be "我 通过 这个软件 过滤 了不好的信息。" (Wǒ tōngguò zhège ruǎnjiàn guòlǜle bù hǎo de xìnxī.) - I filtered out bad information *through* this software.
错误：我 过滤 了我的朋友。
正确：我 过滤 掉了所有不相关的信息。
- 筛选 (shāixuǎn)
- Similar to 过滤, 筛选 also means to select or screen. However, 筛选 often implies a more active and deliberate process of choosing based on specific criteria. 过滤 can be more passive, like a physical filter working automatically.
Example using 过滤: 这个机器会自动 过滤 掉水中的杂质。 (This machine automatically filters impurities from the water.)
Example using 筛选: 我们需要 筛选 出最适合这个职位的候选人。 (We need to screen out the candidates most suitable for this position.) - 选择 (xuǎnzé)
- This is a general term for 'to choose' or 'to select'. It's less about removing unwanted elements and more about making a positive choice from available options.
Example using 过滤: 过滤 噪音，才能听到真相。 (Filter out the noise to hear the truth.)
Example using 选择: 你想 选择 哪种口味的冰淇淋？ (Which flavor of ice cream do you want to choose?) - 排除 (páichú)
- This verb means 'to exclude' or 'to rule out'. It's about specifically removing something or someone from consideration or a group. It's often used for people, possibilities, or problems.
Example using 过滤: 网站 过滤 了低质量的内容。 (The website filtered out low-quality content.)
Example using 排除: 我们必须 排除 所有不切实际的方案。 (We must exclude all unrealistic plans.) - 净化 (jìnghuà)
- This means 'to purify' or 'to cleanse'. It's often used for making something pure, especially water, air, or even spiritual/mental states. While filtering can lead to purification, 净化 emphasizes the end result of being clean and pure.
Example using 过滤: 这个过滤器可以 过滤 掉大部分的细菌。 (This filter can filter out most bacteria.)
Example using 净化: 净水器的工作就是 净化 水源。 (The job of a water purifier is to purify the water source.)
我们可以 过滤 掉噪音。
需要 筛选 出最优秀的员工。
چقدر رسمی است؟
نکته جالب
The character '滤' (lǜ) itself is composed of the radical '氵' (shuǐ - water) on the left, indicating its connection to liquids, and '虑' (lǜ) on the right, which means 'to consider' or 'to worry'. This phonetic component '虑' gives the character its pronunciation, while the 'water' radical hints at its original meaning related to liquids and sifting.
راهنمای تلفظ
- Mispronouncing the 'ü' sound in 'lǜ'. It should be a rounded 'ee' sound, similar to the French 'u' or German 'ü'. Many learners might pronounce it closer to 'lee'.
- Incorrect tone placement. The tones are 4th tone (guò) and 4th tone (lǜ). Maintaining these falling tones is important.
- Pronouncing the 'ü' as a simple 'u' or 'oo' sound, making it sound like 'guolu'.
سطح دشواری
The word 过滤 is common and appears in various contexts. Understanding its literal and figurative meanings is key. Recognizing its use in technical, everyday, and online contexts makes it moderately easy to read once the core meaning is grasped.
Using 过滤 correctly in writing requires attention to context. Distinguishing between literal and figurative uses, and knowing when to use '掉' (diào) or other related verbs like '筛选' (shāixuǎn) is important for accurate and natural expression.
Speaking fluency with 过滤 depends on practice. Learners might initially hesitate to use it or mix it up with similar words. Consistent practice in creating sentences will improve confidence.
Given its common usage in various media and daily conversations, recognizing 过滤 when spoken is generally straightforward, especially when the context provides clues.
بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟
پیشنیازها
بعداً یاد بگیرید
پیشرفته
گرامر لازم
The use of '掉' (diào) with verbs to indicate completion or removal.
我们应该 过滤掉 那些不真实的消息。 (We should filter out those untrue messages.)
The structure '通过 + Noun/Phrase + Verb' to indicate the means by which an action is performed.
他 通过 软件 过滤 了广告。(He filtered out ads through the software.)
Using '的' (de) to form attributive phrases, especially for compound words related to '过滤'.
请清洗空调的 过滤网。(Please clean the air conditioner's filter screen.)
The pattern 'Subject + 需要 + Verb' to express necessity.
这个水 需要过滤 才能喝。(This water needs to be filtered before drinking.)
Using '了' (le) to indicate a completed action.
我已经 过滤 了很多不相关的搜索结果。(I have already filtered out many irrelevant search results.)
مثالها بر اساس سطح
水是脏的。
The water is dirty.
这个杯子有洞。
This cup has holes.
我需要干净的水。
I need clean water.
空气不好。
The air is not good.
这个机器能让空气变好。
This machine can make the air better.
咖啡有渣。
The coffee has grounds.
我要没有渣的咖啡。
I want coffee without grounds.
信息太多了。
There is too much information.
这个过滤器能 过滤 掉水中的杂质。
This filter can filter out impurities in the water.
The verb 过滤 is used with the object '水中的杂质' (impurities in the water). The particle '掉' (diào) emphasizes removal.
我们需要 过滤 掉广告。
We need to filter out advertisements.
Figurative use. Filtering out unwanted elements from a digital space.
请 过滤 掉不重要的邮件。
Please filter out unimportant emails.
Figurative use, common in email management.
这个机器可以 过滤 空气。
This machine can filter the air.
Literal use, referring to air quality.
我 过滤 了很多噪音。
I filtered out a lot of noise.
Figurative use, referring to mental or auditory filtering.
咖啡机 过滤 掉了咖啡渣。
The coffee machine filtered out the coffee grounds.
Literal use in a cooking context.
我们需要 过滤 这些信息。
We need to filter this information.
Figurative use, common when dealing with data or news.
这个电视节目需要 过滤 掉不适合孩子的内容。
This TV program needs to filter out content unsuitable for children.
Figurative use in media content management.
为了健康，我们应该定期 过滤 家里的饮用水。
For health, we should regularly filter our drinking water at home.
Literal use, emphasizing a routine action for health.
社交媒体平台提供了 过滤 内容的功能，以保护用户免受不良信息的影响。
Social media platforms provide a function to filter content to protect users from the influence of harmful information.
Figurative use in the context of online safety and platform features.
信息爆炸的时代，学会 过滤 无用信息是重要的技能。
In the era of information explosion, learning to filter out useless information is an important skill.
Figurative use, highlighting a skill for information management.
汽车的发动机需要 过滤 掉空气中的灰尘和杂质。
A car's engine needs to filter out dust and impurities from the air.
Literal use in a mechanical context.
在做研究时，我们必须 过滤 掉那些来源不可靠的数据。
When conducting research, we must filter out data from unreliable sources.
Figurative use in an academic or research context.
这个咖啡滤纸能 过滤 掉咖啡豆的细末。
This coffee filter paper can filter out fine particles of coffee beans.
Literal use in a culinary context, specifying the filter medium.
为了提高工作效率，他设置了规则来 过滤 掉不必要的会议邀请。
To improve work efficiency, he set rules to filter out unnecessary meeting invitations.
Figurative use in a professional context.
我们需要 过滤 掉社交媒体上的负面情绪。
We need to filter out negative emotions from social media.
Figurative use, relating to mental well-being and online interaction.
空气净化器通过多层滤网 过滤 空气中的PM2.5和过敏原。
An air purifier filters PM2.5 and allergens from the air through multiple layers of filter mesh.
Literal use, specifying the mechanism and the specific pollutants filtered.
在海量数据中，有效的 过滤 和分析是发现有价值信息的前提。
In massive amounts of data, effective filtering and analysis are prerequisites for discovering valuable information.
Figurative use in data science and big data contexts.
许多新闻聚合应用允许用户自定义 过滤 规则，以接收他们感兴趣的新闻。
Many news aggregation apps allow users to customize filtering rules to receive news they are interested in.
Figurative use in digital media and user experience design.
工业生产过程中，需要使用高效的设备来 过滤 掉生产过程中产生的有害化学物质。
In industrial production processes, efficient equipment is needed to filter out harmful chemical substances generated during production.
Literal use in an industrial engineering context.
面对网络上的虚假信息，我们需要具备批判性思维，学会 过滤 辨别真伪。
Facing false information on the internet, we need to possess critical thinking skills and learn to filter and distinguish truth from falsehood.
Figurative use, emphasizing critical thinking and media literacy.
她通过 过滤 掉一些不必要的细节，使得她的演讲更加清晰有力。
By filtering out some unnecessary details, she made her speech clearer and more impactful.
Figurative use in communication and public speaking.
该生物滤膜技术能够 过滤 掉水中的微生物和细菌。
This biomembrane technology can filter out microorganisms and bacteria from water.
Literal use in a scientific and biological context.
在艺术创作中，艺术家常常 过滤 现实，提炼出更具表现力的元素。
In artistic creation, artists often filter reality to extract more expressive elements.
Figurative use in an artistic and creative context.
先进的航空发动机采用陶瓷基复合材料制作的燃油滤芯，以承受极高的温度和压力，并有效地 过滤 燃油中的微粒。
Advanced aircraft engines use ceramic matrix composite fuel filter elements to withstand extremely high temperatures and pressures, and to effectively filter particulates from the fuel.
Literal use in a highly technical engineering context, specifying advanced materials and conditions.
在信息安全的领域，行为分析技术通过 过滤 大量正常用户行为数据，来识别异常模式和潜在威胁。
In the field of information security, behavioral analysis technology identifies abnormal patterns and potential threats by filtering large amounts of normal user behavior data.
Figurative use in cybersecurity, emphasizing sophisticated data analysis.
经济学家们正在争论是否应该 过滤 掉某些短期波动数据，以便更清晰地观察长期经济趋势。
Economists are debating whether to filter out certain short-term fluctuation data to observe long-term economic trends more clearly.
Figurative use in economics, referring to data manipulation for analysis.
该制药工艺要求在无菌环境下，使用特制的膜 过滤 掉生产过程中可能引入的任何微生物。
The pharmaceutical process requires the use of special membranes in a sterile environment to filter out any microorganisms that may be introduced during production.
Literal use in a highly regulated scientific field (pharmaceuticals).
在理解复杂的哲学文本时，读者需要 过滤 掉表面的语言修饰，深入探究其核心论点。
When understanding complex philosophical texts, readers need to filter out superficial linguistic embellishments to delve into their core arguments.
Figurative use in literary and philosophical analysis.
通过对历史文献进行 过滤 和交叉验证，历史学家试图构建更客观的历史叙事。
By filtering and cross-validating historical documents, historians attempt to construct a more objective historical narrative.
Figurative use in historical research, emphasizing methodology.
先进的图像处理算法能够 过滤 掉图像中的噪声，提升图像质量。
Advanced image processing algorithms can filter out noise in images, improving image quality.
Literal use in computer vision and digital imaging.
在处理客户反馈时，企业需要 过滤 掉重复的意见，并识别出具有建设性的建议。
When processing customer feedback, companies need to filter out repetitive opinions and identify constructive suggestions.
Figurative use in business management and customer relations.
该超滤膜系统能够 过滤 掉分子量小于1000道尔顿的绝大多数有机物和无机物。
This ultrafiltration membrane system can filter out the vast majority of organic and inorganic substances with a molecular weight less than 1000 Daltons.
Literal use in advanced chemical engineering or material science, with precise scientific terminology.
在人工智能的决策过程中，算法需要 过滤 掉可能导致偏见或歧视的训练数据。
In the decision-making process of artificial intelligence, algorithms need to filter out training data that may lead to bias or discrimination.
Figurative use in advanced AI ethics and machine learning.
政治宣传往往利用叙事技巧，通过 过滤 事实和强调特定观点来操纵公众舆论。
Political propaganda often uses narrative techniques to manipulate public opinion by filtering facts and emphasizing specific viewpoints.
Figurative use in political science and media studies, discussing manipulation.
生物医学研究中，研究人员必须 过滤 掉实验中的假阳性结果，以确保研究的科学严谨性。
In biomedical research, researchers must filter out false positive results from experiments to ensure the scientific rigor of the study.
Figurative use in scientific methodology, emphasizing rigor and accuracy.
在解读后现代主义文学时，读者需要 过滤 掉传统的线性叙事结构，拥抱碎片化和多重意义。
When interpreting postmodern literature, readers need to filter out traditional linear narrative structures and embrace fragmentation and multiple meanings.
Figurative use in literary theory and criticism, dealing with complex artistic concepts.
环境工程师们正在开发一种新型催化剂，能够 过滤 工业废气中的温室气体。
Environmental engineers are developing a new type of catalyst that can filter greenhouse gases from industrial exhaust.
Literal use in advanced environmental engineering, focusing on cutting-edge solutions.
金融市场分析师通过 过滤 掉短期市场噪音，来识别资产的内在价值。
Financial market analysts identify the intrinsic value of assets by filtering out short-term market noise.
Figurative use in finance, referring to sophisticated analytical techniques.
心理治疗师帮助患者 过滤 掉消极的自我对话，建立更健康的思维模式。
Psychotherapists help patients filter out negative self-talk and establish healthier thought patterns.
Figurative use in psychology and therapy, referring to cognitive restructuring.
ترکیبهای رایج
عبارات رایج
— To filter out, to remove.
这个软件可以 过滤掉 广告和弹出窗口。
— To filter information.
在信息时代，学会 过滤信息 非常重要。
— To filter air.
空气净化器的主要功能就是 过滤空气。
— To filter water source.
在偏远地区， 过滤水源 是保障饮水安全的关键。
— Filter screen/mesh.
请定期清洁空调的 过滤网。
— Filter tip (of a cigarette).
现在很多香烟都带有 过滤嘴。
— To filter data.
在分析报告之前，我们需要 过滤数据。
— To filter out noise.
在嘈杂的环境里，我需要 过滤噪音 才能集中注意力。
— To filter emails.
我的邮箱设置了 过滤邮件 的规则。
— To filter out negative emotions.
通过冥想，他学会了 过滤负面情绪。
اغلب اشتباه گرفته میشود با
While both involve selection, 筛选 often implies a more active and deliberate choice based on specific criteria, whereas 过滤 can be a more passive removal of unwanted elements. For example, you 'filter' out spam emails but 'screen' candidates for a job.
净化 means to purify. Filtering is often a step towards purification, but 净化 emphasizes the end result of being clean and pure, whereas 过滤 focuses on the process of removal.
排除 means to exclude or rule out. It's about specifically removing something or someone from consideration, often with a sense of finality. 过滤 is more about the mechanism of separation.
اصطلاحات و عبارات
— To filter layer by layer; to go through multiple stages of filtering or scrutiny.
这个项目的审批流程非常严格，需要 层层过滤 才能通过。
General— To remove the dross and keep the essence; to filter out the bad and preserve the good. This idiom uses '菁' (jīng) which means essence or best part, relating to the idea of filtering.
在整理旧文件时，我努力 去芜存菁，只留下最重要的记录。
Formal/Literary— To sift gold from sand; to extract something valuable from a large amount of worthless material. This idiom metaphorically describes a filtering process to find something precious.
从这么多求职者中找到合适的人才，真是 沙里淘金。
General— To discard the coarse and select the fine; similar to '去芜存菁', meaning to filter out the rough parts and keep the refined ones.
在写作时，我们需要 去粗取精，让文章更简洁有力。
General— To select carefully after meticulous examination; implies a thorough filtering and selection process.
这件衣服是 精挑细选 的，质量非常好。
General— Fiery eyes and golden pupils; refers to the ability to see through illusions and discern truth from falsehood, metaphorically like having a powerful filter for deception.
他有 火眼金睛，一眼就能看出谁在说谎。
Literary/Figurative— To discard the false and preserve the true; directly implies a filtering process to uncover the truth.
历史研究的目的就是 去伪存真。
Formal— To fish for a needle in the ocean; implies searching for something extremely rare or difficult to find, suggesting a process of sifting through vastness.
想在这么大的城市里找到丢失的宠物，简直是 大海捞针。
General— Discard the dregs, take the essence; a longer form of '去芜存菁', explicitly stating the filtering action.
在学习新知识时，我们应该 去其糟粕，取其精华。
Formal/Literary— A combination of two idioms, emphasizing a comprehensive filtering and refinement process.
历史学家们的目标是 去粗取精，去伪存真，还原历史的本来面貌。
Formalبهراحتی اشتباه گرفته میشود
Both terms relate to selection and removal of unwanted items.
过滤 (guòlǜ) is often about removing impurities or unwanted elements to achieve purity or clarity, like a physical filter. It can be passive. 筛选 (shāixuǎn) implies a more active and deliberate process of choosing or screening based on specific criteria, often to find the best options. For example, you 'filter' out spam, but you 'screen' job applicants.
这个机器 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>过滤</mark> 掉水中的杂质。(This machine filters impurities from water.) vs. 我们需要 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>筛选</mark> 出最合格的候选人。(We need to screen out the most qualified candidates.)
Filtering is often a method used to achieve purification.
净化 (jìnghuà) means to purify, to make something clean and pure. 过滤 (guòlǜ) is the process of removing unwanted substances. Filtering can lead to purification, but purification is the goal or the state achieved. For instance, a water filter (过滤器) performs the action of filtering (过滤), resulting in purified water (净化的水).
净水器 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>过滤</mark> 水。(The water purifier filters water.) 最终目的是 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>净化</mark> 水源。(The ultimate goal is to purify the water source.)
Both involve removing things.
排除 (páichú) means to exclude, eliminate, or rule out. It's about actively removing something or someone from consideration or a group, often based on a decision. 过滤 (guòlǜ) is the mechanical or systematic process of separating unwanted elements. For example, you might 'filter' out irrelevant data points, but you 'exclude' certain participants from a study.
我们必须 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>排除</mark> 所有不合格的申请者。(We must exclude all unqualified applicants.) vs. 这个程序 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>过滤</mark> 掉了大部分的垃圾邮件。(This program filtered out most of the spam emails.)
Filtering can lead to selection.
选择 (xuǎnzé) is a general term for 'to choose' or 'to select'. It focuses on the positive act of picking something desired from available options. 过滤 (guòlǜ) is primarily about removing unwanted elements, and the selection of desired elements is often a consequence of this removal, or a secondary step. For example, you 'filter' out noise to hear a conversation, but you 'choose' to listen to that conversation.
请 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>选择</mark> 你想要的颜色。(Please choose the color you want.) vs. 我 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>过滤</mark> 掉了我不喜欢的颜色。(I filtered out the colors I don't like.)
Both relate to sieving or filtering.
筛 (shāi) is an older, more literary, or specific term for 'to sieve' or 'to sift', often referring to physical sieving with a tool like a sieve (筛子). 过滤 (guòlǜ) is the more common, modern, and versatile verb for filtering, applicable to both physical substances and abstract concepts. While '筛' can be used for physical sieving, '过滤' is used for a broader range of filtering applications, including digital content and information.
用筛子 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>筛</mark> 面粉。(Sieve flour with a sieve.) vs. 这个净水器可以 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>过滤</mark> 掉水中的杂质。(This water purifier can filter out impurities from water.)
الگوهای جملهسازی
Subject + 过滤 + Object
我 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>过滤</mark> 了这些邮件。
Subject + 过滤 + 掉 + Object
请 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>过滤掉</mark> 广告。
Subject + 通过 + [Means] + 过滤 + Object
我们 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>通过</mark> 软件 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>过滤</mark> 了垃圾信息。
Object + 需要 + 过滤
这个水 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>需要过滤</mark>。
Subject + 具备 + 过滤 + [Function/Ability]
这个设备 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>具备过滤</mark> 微粒的功能。
学会 + 过滤 + [Object]
学会 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>过滤</mark> 信息是重要的。
Subject + [Action] + 以 + 过滤 + Object
他 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>调整了设置</mark>，<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>以过滤</mark> 掉不相关的通知。
经过 + [Process] + 过滤 + Object
经过多层 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>过滤</mark>，水变得非常纯净。
خانواده کلمه
اسمها
فعلها
مرتبط
نحوه استفاده
High
-
Using 过滤 for general 'choosing'.
→
选择 (xuǎnzé)
Learners might use 过滤 when the action is simply 'choosing' from options, rather than removing unwanted elements. For example, saying '我过滤了衣服' (I filtered clothes) instead of '我选择了衣服' (I chose clothes). 过滤 implies removal or separation.
-
Confusing 过滤 with 筛选 in technical contexts.
→
筛选 (shāixuǎn) for active selection based on criteria.
While related, 过滤 is more about removing impurities or unwanted items, whereas 筛选 implies a more active, deliberate process of choosing the best from a group. For example, you 'filter' spam, but you 'screen' candidates.
-
Forgetting '掉' (diào) when emphasizing removal.
→
Adding '掉' for clarity.
While not always grammatically required, using '过滤掉' (guòlǜ diào) makes it very clear that something is being removed or discarded. Omitting it might make the meaning slightly ambiguous in some contexts.
-
Using 过滤 for unfriending/blocking someone.
→
删除 (shānchú) or 拉黑 (lāhēi).
While technically filtering could apply, it sounds too technical or impersonal. Direct verbs like '删除' (delete) or '拉黑' (block) are more appropriate for social media actions.
-
Incorrectly using '通过' (tōngguò) with 过滤.
→
Subject + 通过 + [Means] + 过滤 + Object.
The structure for indicating the means of filtering is important. A common error is placing '通过' incorrectly. The correct pattern emphasizes the means *through which* the filtering happens.
نکات
Pay Attention to the Object
The noun that follows 过滤 is crucial. If it's a physical substance like water or air, it's literal. If it's abstract like 'information' or 'comments', it's figurative. This distinction will guide your understanding and usage.
Embrace '过滤掉'
The phrase '过滤掉' (guòlǜ diào) is extremely common and useful for clearly indicating the removal of something unwanted. Make it a habit to use it when you want to emphasize this aspect.
Think Beyond Physical Filters
Remember that 过滤 extends to abstract concepts. Think about how you 'filter' your social media feed, 'filter' out distractions, or 'filter' your thoughts. This metaphorical usage is very prevalent.
'过滤' vs. '筛选'
While similar, '过滤' often implies removing unwanted elements, while '筛选' implies actively selecting the best options based on criteria. Use '过滤' when the primary action is removal or purification.
The Role of '的'
When 过滤 is used as part of a noun phrase (like a filter itself), '的' is often used. For example, '过滤网' (filter screen) or '过滤设备' (filtering equipment).
Master the 'ü' Sound
The 'ü' sound in 'lǜ' can be tricky for English speakers. Practice making a rounded 'ee' sound. Listen to native speakers and try to mimic the sound accurately.
Related Terms
Learn related words like '过滤器' (filter device), '过滤网' (filter screen), and '滤芯' (filter cartridge) to build a richer vocabulary around the concept of filtering.
Observe in Real Life
Pay attention to where you encounter '过滤' – in product manuals, news articles, online settings, or casual conversations. This will solidify your understanding of its diverse applications.
Create Your Own Sentences
The best way to learn is to use the word. Try creating sentences about filtering water, filtering news, or filtering out distractions. The more you practice, the more natural it will become.
Filtering Emotions and Thoughts
Consider how '过滤' applies to internal processes. Can you 'filter' out negative thoughts? Can you 'filter' your emotions? This metaphorical use is powerful and insightful.
حفظ کنید
روش یادسپاری
Imagine passing something 'over' (过 - guò) a sieve (滤 - lǜ) to remove unwanted bits. Think of 'going over' the filter. Or, think of 'going' (过) through a 'lot' (滤 - lǜ, sounds like 'lot') of stuff to get the good stuff out.
تداعی تصویری
Picture water passing through a filter. The '过' (guò) represents the water passing through, and the '滤' (lǜ) is the sieve-like filter itself. Another visual: Imagine a sieve (滤) with water flowing over (过) it.
شبکه واژگان
چالش
Try to use '过滤' in three different sentences today: one literal, one figurative, and one using the common phrase '过滤掉'.
ریشه کلمه
The word 过滤 (guòlǜ) is a modern Chinese term formed by combining two characters. '过' (guò) means 'to pass' or 'to cross', and '滤' (lǜ) means 'to filter' or 'to sieve'. Together, they literally mean 'to pass through a filter'.
Sino-Tibetanبافت فرهنگی
The term itself is neutral. However, its application can be sensitive. For example, 'filtering information' can be seen positively (efficiency) or negatively (censorship) depending on the context and who is doing the filtering.
In English, 'filter' is used similarly, both literally (water filter, air filter) and figuratively (filter search results, filter out noise). The Chinese word 过滤 mirrors this duality closely.
تمرین در زندگی واقعی
موقعیتهای واقعی
Water purification devices
- 过滤水
- 净水器 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>过滤</mark> 效果
- 更换 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>过滤</mark> 芯
Air quality and purifiers
- <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>过滤</mark> 空气
- 空气 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>过滤</mark> 网
- <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>过滤</mark> 污染物
Internet and digital content
- <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>过滤</mark> 广告
- <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>过滤</mark> 垃圾邮件
- <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>过滤</mark> 信息
- <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>过滤</mark> 搜索结果
Data analysis and research
- <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>过滤</mark> 数据
- 用于 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>过滤</mark> 数据
- <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>过滤</mark> 掉异常值
Culinary applications
- <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>过滤</mark> 咖啡
- <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>过滤</mark> 渣
- <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>过滤</mark> 菜汤
شروعکنندههای مکالمه
"你家里的饮用水需要 过滤 吗？"
"你认为社交媒体上的信息需要 过滤 吗？"
"你用过空气净化器吗？它的 过滤 效果怎么样？"
"在网上购物时，你通常会 过滤 掉哪些商品？"
"你觉得学习如何 过滤 负面信息重要吗？"
موضوعات نگارش
描述一次你使用或看到别人使用‘过滤’（guòlǜ）的经历，无论是字面意义还是比喻意义。你当时在过滤什么？过滤的结果是什么？
思考一下在信息爆炸的时代，‘过滤信息’（guòlǜ xìnxī）这项技能有多重要。你有哪些方法来过滤掉不重要或不准确的信息？
如果你有一个可以‘过滤’（guòlǜ）你生活中某些事物的机器，你会选择过滤掉什么？为什么？
‘过滤’（guòlǜ）这个词在你的母语中是如何表达的？它和中文的‘过滤’在用法上有什么异同？
写一个关于‘过滤’（guòlǜ）的小故事，可以是关于一杯水、一段对话，或是一次网络搜索的经历。
سوالات متداول
10 سوالNo, '过滤' (guòlǜ) is used both literally and figuratively. Literally, it refers to the physical process of passing something through a filter, like water or air. Figuratively, it means to sort, sift, or remove unwanted elements from abstract things like information, data, comments, or even emotions. For example, '过滤信息' (guòlǜ xìnxī) means to filter information.
The particle '掉' (diào) is often used with '过滤' to emphasize the removal or elimination of something. It's very common and makes the sentence clearer about what is being discarded. For instance, '请 过滤掉 广告' (Please filter out the ads) is more explicit than just '过滤广告'. However, '掉' is not always mandatory; the context often implies removal.
While both relate to selection, '过滤' (guòlǜ) often implies removing unwanted elements to achieve purity or clarity, like a physical filter. It can be more passive. '筛选' (shāixuǎn) implies a more active and deliberate process of choosing or screening based on specific criteria, often to find the best options. For example, you 'filter' out spam emails but 'screen' job applicants.
Figuratively, yes, but it depends on the context. You might 'filter' social media posts from certain people or 'filter' out irrelevant contacts. However, for actions like unfriending or blocking someone, more direct verbs like '删除' (shānchú - delete) or '拉黑' (lāhēi - block) are usually more appropriate and less ambiguous.
Literally, common objects include 水 (shuǐ - water), 空气 (kōngqì - air), 燃油 (rányóu - fuel), and 咖啡渣 (kāfēi zhā - coffee grounds). Figuratively, common objects include 信息 (xìnxī - information), 数据 (shùjù - data), 邮件 (yóujiàn - emails), 噪音 (zàoyīn - noise), 评论 (pínglùn - comments), and 负面情绪 (fùmiàn qíngxù - negative emotions).
The basic meaning of '过滤' is quite straightforward. The difficulty lies in distinguishing its literal and figurative uses and knowing when to use it compared to similar words like '筛选' or '排除'. With practice and exposure to various contexts, it becomes easier to use correctly.
The type of filter implied depends heavily on the context. It could be a physical filter for liquids or gases (like in a water purifier or car engine), a digital filter (like in software or search engines), or a metaphorical filter (like critical thinking applied to information).
Yes, common structures include 'Subject + 过滤 + Object', 'Subject + 过滤 + 掉 + Object', and 'Subject + 通过 + [Means] + 过滤 + Object'. The particle '掉' is frequently used to emphasize removal. For example, '我 过滤掉 了不重要的信息。' (I filtered out the unimportant information.)
Yes, figuratively. Artists and writers might 'filter' reality or their thoughts to create a more refined or expressive work. For instance, '艺术家 过滤 了现实，创作出超现实主义的画作。' (The artist filtered reality to create surrealist paintings.)
There isn't one single direct opposite. However, actions like '添加' (tiānjiā - to add), '混合' (hùnhé - to mix), '保留' (bǎoliú - to retain/keep), or '生成' (shēngchéng - to generate) can be considered conceptually opposite depending on the context. For example, filtering removes; adding introduces. Filtering separates; mixing combines.
خودت رو بسنج 10 سوال
/ 10 درست
نمره کامل!
Summary
过滤 (guòlǜ) means to filter, both literally (like water or air) and figuratively (like information or comments). It implies removing unwanted elements to purify or select. Remember to consider the context to understand whether it's a physical process or a metaphorical one.
- To filter out unwanted elements from liquids, gases, or information.
- Used literally for physical filtering (water, air) and figuratively for sorting information.
- Often used with '掉' (diào) to emphasize removal.
- Key verb for processes involving separation and selection.
Pay Attention to the Object
The noun that follows 过滤 is crucial. If it's a physical substance like water or air, it's literal. If it's abstract like 'information' or 'comments', it's figurative. This distinction will guide your understanding and usage.
Embrace '过滤掉'
The phrase '过滤掉' (guòlǜ diào) is extremely common and useful for clearly indicating the removal of something unwanted. Make it a habit to use it when you want to emphasize this aspect.
Think Beyond Physical Filters
Remember that 过滤 extends to abstract concepts. Think about how you 'filter' your social media feed, 'filter' out distractions, or 'filter' your thoughts. This metaphorical usage is very prevalent.
'过滤' vs. '筛选'
While similar, '过滤' often implies removing unwanted elements, while '筛选' implies actively selecting the best options based on criteria. Use '过滤' when the primary action is removal or purification.
مثال
咖啡需要过滤掉残渣。
محتوای مرتبط
این کلمه در زبانهای دیگر
واژههای بیشتر food
一两
B1Fifty grams; a Chinese unit of weight (approx. 50g).
一斤
B1Half a kilogram; a Chinese unit of weight (approx. 500g).
一袋
B1A bag of.
少一点儿
A2کمی کمتر؛ اندکی کمتر. برای درخواست مقدار یا درجه کمتر استفاده می شود. (مثال: من شکر کمتری در قهوه ام می خواهم.)
多一点儿
A2کمی بیشتر. برای درخواست مقدار اضافی ناچیز یا مقایسه دو چیز با تفاوت اندک استفاده میشود.
一口
B1A mouthful; a bite; a small amount (of food or drink).
一瓶
B1یک بطری از.
一碗
B1یک کاسه...
一盒
B1یک جعبه از. به عنوان مثال، یک جعبه شکلات.
一杯
B1یک فنجان. 'من یک فنجان چای میخواهم.'
