贫富差距 در ۳۰ ثانیه
- 贫富差距 (pínfù chājù) is a noun meaning the wealth gap or income inequality between the rich and the poor in a society.
- It is a formal term used frequently in Chinese news, academic papers, and political discussions regarding social justice and economic policy.
- Commonly used verbs include 扩大 (to widen), 缩小 (to narrow), and 解决 (to solve), often described as 巨大 (huge) or 显著 (significant).
- It is a key concept in understanding modern China's goals for 'Common Prosperity' and the social tensions arising from rapid economic development.
The term 贫富差距 (pínfù chājù) is a cornerstone of modern socio-economic discourse in the Chinese-speaking world. At its most basic level, it translates to the 'wealth gap' or 'income inequality.' However, its implications in a Chinese context are deeply tied to the country's rapid economic transformation over the last four decades. The phrase is composed of three distinct parts: 贫 (pín) meaning poor or poverty, 富 (fù) meaning rich or wealth, and 差距 (chājù) meaning a gap, difference, or disparity. When combined, they describe a structural phenomenon where wealth is concentrated in the hands of a few while a significant portion of the population remains at a much lower economic level.
- Economic Context
- In academic and news cycles, this term is frequently paired with the Gini Coefficient (基尼系数), a statistical measure of distribution. You will hear economists discussing whether the 贫富差距 has reached a 'warning line' (警戒线).
Historically, ancient Chinese philosophy often emphasized 'not worrying about scarcity but worrying about inequality' (不患寡而患不均). Therefore, 贫富差距 is not just a financial metric but a sensitive social indicator that touches upon the concepts of social justice and harmony. People use this word when discussing why housing prices in Tier-1 cities like Beijing are astronomical compared to rural villages, or why the children of the wealthy (富二代) have vastly different opportunities than those from migrant worker families.
缩小贫富差距是实现共同富裕的关键目标。(Narrowing the wealth gap is the key goal to achieving common prosperity.)
- Societal Impact
- A widening 贫富差距 is often cited as a reason for 'involution' (内卷) and 'lying flat' (躺平) among the youth, as they feel the ladder of social mobility is becoming harder to climb.
如果不解决贫富差距问题，社会矛盾可能会加剧。(If the wealth gap problem is not resolved, social contradictions may intensify.)
In daily conversation, you might hear people complaining about the 'huge' (巨大) or 'obvious' (明显) gap. It is a word used by taxi drivers, university professors, and government officials alike. It bridges the gap between high-level political theory and the lived reality of everyday citizens who see luxury Maseratis driving past street sweepers. Understanding this word is essential for anyone wanting to grasp the complexities of modern Chinese society, its goals for 'Common Prosperity' (共同富裕), and the tensions inherent in a rapidly developing economy.
Mastering 贫富差距 requires understanding the specific verbs that commonly accompany it. Because it describes a distance or a gap, we use verbs related to size, change, and control. The most common collocations involve 'widening' or 'narrowing' this gap.
- Common Verb Pairings
- 扩大 (kuòdà) - To widen: 随着全球化的发展，许多国家的贫富差距正在扩大。
- 缩小 (suōxiǎo) - To narrow: 政府采取了多项措施来缩小贫富差距。
- 关注 (guānzhù) - To pay attention to: 全社会都应该关注日益严重的贫富差距。
教育资源的不平等是导致贫富差距的一个重要原因。(Inequality in educational resources is an important cause of the wealth gap.)
When using 贫富差距 as a subject, it is often described with adjectives like 巨大 (jùdà - huge), 悬殊 (xuánshū - wide/disparate), or 持续 (chíxù - persistent). For example, '贫富差距悬殊' (the wealth gap is vast) is a very formal and powerful way to describe extreme inequality. In academic writing, you will often see it as part of a cause-and-effect structure: '由于...导致了贫富差距' (Because of..., it led to a wealth gap).
- Formal vs. Informal Patterns
- In formal contexts: '致力于消除贫富差距' (Committed to eliminating the wealth gap). In informal contexts: '现在的贫富差距太大了' (The wealth gap nowadays is too big).
我们必须正视贫富差距带来的社会风险。(We must face the social risks brought by the wealth gap.)
Note that 贫富差距 is a noun phrase. It can function as the object of a sentence, the subject, or even a modifier. For instance, '贫富差距问题' (the problem of the wealth gap). When you want to compare two specific groups, you can use the structure 'A与B之间的贫富差距' (the wealth gap between A and B), such as '城乡之间的贫富差距' (the wealth gap between urban and rural areas).
You will encounter 贫富差距 in almost every corner of Chinese public life, though the tone will vary. On the nightly news (新闻联播), it is often discussed in the context of policy goals. For example, when the government announces new tax reforms or rural revitalization projects, they will state that these measures aim to 'regulate excessively high incomes' and 'narrow the 贫富差距.'
- Media and News
- Headlines like '如何应对全球范围内的贫富差距?' (How to deal with the global wealth gap?) are common in financial newspapers like the 21st Century Business Herald.
In university classrooms, especially in sociology, economics, or political science departments, 贫富差距 is a technical term. Professors will lecture on the historical trajectory of China's Gini coefficient from the 1980s to the present. Students might debate whether the 'trickle-down' effect works or if direct intervention is needed. In this setting, the word is used with high precision and often accompanied by data and charts.
在辩论赛中，辩题可能是：“贫富差距是否是社会进步的动力？” (In a debate, the topic might be: "Is the wealth gap a driving force for social progress?")
Documentaries and social-realist films also frequently use this term. Films by directors like Jia Zhangke often visually represent the 贫富差距 by contrasting the gleaming skyscrapers of Shanghai with the dusty coal mines of Shanxi. In these artistic contexts, the word carries a weight of empathy and social critique. It is also a frequent topic in 'Two Sessions' (两会) proposals, where delegates suggest ways to improve the social safety net to prevent the gap from destabilizing society. Finally, in international relations, you'll hear it when comparing the 'Global North' and 'Global South,' emphasizing that 贫富差距 is a global challenge, not just a domestic one.
While 贫富差距 seems straightforward, learners often make subtle errors in its application. The most common mistake is using it to describe a difference between two specific individuals. For example, saying '我和他的贫富差距很大' (The wealth gap between me and him is big) sounds awkward and overly clinical. In personal contexts, it is better to say '我们家境不同' (Our family backgrounds are different) or '他比我有钱得多' (He is much richer than me).
- Confusion with 差别 (chābié)
- Learners often confuse '差距' (gap/disparity) with '差别' (difference). '差别' is used for qualitative differences (like the difference between an apple and an orange), while '差距' is for quantitative distances (like a gap in scores or wealth). You cannot say '贫富差别'.
错误：这个国家的贫富差别正在增加。(Incorrect: The wealth *difference* of this country is increasing.)
Another error is the incorrect use of measure words or adjectives. You shouldn't say '一个贫富差距' because it's an abstract concept. Instead, use '这种' (this kind of) or '日益严重的' (increasingly serious). Also, be careful with the verb '拉开' (lākāi - to pull apart). While you can say '贫富差距拉开了' (the wealth gap widened), it is more natural to say '贫富差距扩大了'.
Lastly, some learners forget the '贫' or '富'. You might hear someone say '贫差距' or '富差距', which are both incorrect. The term is a fixed four-character compound. Even if you are only focusing on the fact that some people are too poor, you must use the full term to describe the societal gap. Similarly, don't confuse it with '贫富不均' (uneven distribution of wealth). While similar, '贫富差距' is the noun for the gap itself, while '贫富不均' is a descriptive phrase for the state of inequality.
To sound more native and precise, it is helpful to know the synonyms and related terms for 贫富差距. Depending on the register (formal vs. informal) and the specific nuance you want to convey, you might choose a different word.
- Synonym Comparison
- 贫富悬殊 (pínfù xuánshū): This is a more intense version of '贫富差距'. '悬殊' implies a massive, almost irreconcilable difference. Use this when the gap is extreme.
- 贫富不均 (pínfù bùjūn): This emphasizes the 'unevenness' of distribution. It is often used when discussing the fairness of the economic system.
- 阶级分化 (jiējí fēnhuà): 'Class polarization.' This is a more sociopolitical term that suggests society is splitting into distinct, often antagonistic, classes.
相比于“贫富差距”，“贫富悬殊”更能体现出那种巨大的不平等。(Compared to "wealth gap," "vast wealth disparity" better reflects that huge inequality.)
If you are talking specifically about money coming in rather than accumulated assets, you should use 收入差距 (shōurù chājù) - income gap. This is the term most used in tax and salary discussions. If you are talking about the difference between the city and the countryside, use 城乡差距 (chéngxiāng chājù). This is a very common sub-category of the wealth gap in China.
On the opposite side, if you want to talk about equality, you use 共同富裕 (gòngtóng fùyù) - common prosperity, or 社会公平 (shèhuì gōngpíng) - social equity. Using these words in conjunction with 贫富差距 shows a high level of Chinese proficiency, as it demonstrates you understand the policy goals and the societal ideals often discussed in tandem with inequality.
نکته جالب
In ancient China, '富' was often associated with having enough wine, as wine production required surplus grain, which only the wealthy possessed.
راهنمای تلفظ
- Pronouncing 'chā' as 'chà' (4th tone).
- Confusing 'jù' (4th tone) with 'jǔ' (3rd tone).
- Merging the four characters into a flat tone without the ups and downs.
- Pronouncing 'fù' as 'fú' (2nd tone).
- Failing to aspirate the 'p' in 'pín'.
مثالها بر اساس سطح
这里的人很有钱，那里的很穷，这是贫富差距。
People here are rich, people there are poor; this is the wealth gap.
Uses '这是' to define the concept simply.
贫富差距是一个大问题。
The wealth gap is a big problem.
Basic Subject + Verb + Object structure.
我不喜欢贫富差距。
I don't like the wealth gap.
Simple expression of opinion.
这个国家的贫富差距大吗？
Is the wealth gap in this country big?
Basic question using '吗'.
我们要看贫富差距。
We need to look at the wealth gap.
Using '要' for necessity.
贫富差距在电视上。
The wealth gap is on TV.
Locative structure with '在'.
老师说贫富差距。
The teacher talks about the wealth gap.
Simple subject-verb-object.
那是贫富差距吗？
Is that the wealth gap?
Demonstrative pronoun '那'.
大城市的贫富差距通常很大。
The wealth gap in big cities is usually very large.
Using '通常' (usually) to generalize.
我们可以看到贫富差距在增加。
We can see the wealth gap is increasing.
Using '可以' (can) and '增加' (increase).
他写了一篇关于贫富差距的文章。
He wrote an article about the wealth gap.
Using '关于' (about) as a preposition.
很多人在讨论贫富差距。
Many people are discussing the wealth gap.
Progressive aspect with '在'.
贫富差距对社会不好。
The wealth gap is not good for society.
Structure '对...不好' (bad for...).
我们要努力缩小贫富差距。
We must work hard to narrow the wealth gap.
Using '努力' (work hard) as an adverb.
由于贫富差距，生活很不相同。
Due to the wealth gap, lives are very different.
Using '由于' (due to) to show cause.
你知道什么是贫富差距吗？
Do you know what the wealth gap is?
Interrogative sentence with a noun clause.
为了缩小贫富差距，政府提高了最低工资。
In order to narrow the wealth gap, the government raised the minimum wage.
Purpose clause with '为了'.
贫富差距的扩大引起了大家的关注。
The widening of the wealth gap has attracted everyone's attention.
Noun phrase as the subject with '引起关注'.
如果贫富差距太严重，社会就会不稳定。
If the wealth gap is too serious, society will become unstable.
Conditional '如果...就...' structure.
城乡之间的贫富差距是一个历史问题。
The wealth gap between urban and rural areas is a historical problem.
Using '之间的' to specify the gap.
通过教育，我们可以有效地缩小贫富差距。
Through education, we can effectively narrow the wealth gap.
Using '通过' (through) to show means.
虽然经济在增长，但贫富差距也在扩大。
Although the economy is growing, the wealth gap is also widening.
Concessive '虽然...但...' structure.
贫富差距不仅仅是钱的问题，也是机会的问题。
The wealth gap is not just a matter of money, but also a matter of opportunity.
Correlative conjunction '不仅仅...也是...'.
我们应该如何解决日益严重的贫富差距？
How should we solve the increasingly serious wealth gap?
Using '如何' (how) in a formal question.
贫富差距悬殊是导致社会矛盾加剧的主要原因之一。
The vast wealth disparity is one of the main reasons for the intensification of social contradictions.
Advanced adjective '悬殊' and '导致...加剧'.
基尼系数是衡量一个国家贫富差距的重要指标。
The Gini coefficient is an important indicator for measuring a country's wealth gap.
Using '衡量' (measure) and '指标' (indicator).
在全球化背景下，国家内部的贫富差距愈发明显。
In the context of globalization, the wealth gap within countries has become increasingly evident.
Using '愈发' (increasingly) and '背景下' (in the context of).
税收政策在调节贫富差距方面起着至关重要的作用。
Tax policy plays a vital role in regulating the wealth gap.
Structure '在...方面起作用' (play a role in...).
贫富差距不仅影响经济效率，还威胁到社会公平。
The wealth gap not only affects economic efficiency but also threatens social equity.
Advanced conjunction '不仅...还...' with abstract nouns.
缩小贫富差距需要全社会的共同努力和长期的政策支持。
Narrowing the wealth gap requires the joint efforts of the whole society and long-term policy support.
Using '需要' with a complex object phrase.
这种深层次的贫富差距是由于资源分配不均造成的。
This deep-seated wealth gap is caused by the uneven distribution of resources.
Passive-like structure '是由于...造成的'.
我们不能忽视贫富差距对青少年心理健康的潜在影响。
We cannot ignore the potential impact of the wealth gap on the mental health of adolescents.
Using '不能忽视' (cannot ignore) and '潜在影响' (potential impact).
贫富差距的持续扩大可能会侵蚀社会信任并削弱民主制度。
The continued widening of the wealth gap may erode social trust and weaken democratic institutions.
Sophisticated verbs '侵蚀' (erode) and '削弱' (weaken).
解决贫富差距问题不仅仅是经济任务，更是政治使命。
Solving the wealth gap problem is not just an economic task, but a political mission.
Using '更是' to add emphasis to the second part.
数字鸿沟在某种程度上进一步加剧了现有的贫富差距。
To some extent, the digital divide has further exacerbated the existing wealth gap.
Term '数字鸿沟' (digital divide) and verb '加剧' (exacerbate).
我们需要重新审视财富分配机制，以遏制贫富差距的蔓延。
We need to re-examine the wealth distribution mechanism to curb the spread of the wealth gap.
Verbs '重新审视' (re-examine) and '遏制' (curb).
贫富差距的代际传递使得社会流动性大幅下降。
The intergenerational transmission of the wealth gap has led to a significant decrease in social mobility.
Complex term '代际传递' (intergenerational transmission).
尽管政府出台了多项惠民政策，但贫富差距的根源依然难以消除。
Despite the government's introduction of several people-benefiting policies, the root causes of the wealth gap remain difficult to eliminate.
Concessive '尽管...但...' with '根源' (root cause).
在全球范围内，贫富差距已成为制约可持续发展的重大障碍。
Globally, the wealth gap has become a major obstacle restricting sustainable development.
Using '制约' (restrict) and '重大障碍' (major obstacle).
通过完善社会保障体系，可以有效缓解贫富差距带来的负面冲击。
By improving the social security system, the negative impact of the wealth gap can be effectively mitigated.
Using '完善' (perfect/improve) and '缓解' (mitigate).
贫富差距的极度分化往往是社会动荡甚至革命的先兆。
The extreme polarization of the wealth gap is often a precursor to social unrest or even revolution.
Using '极度分化' (extreme polarization) and '先兆' (precursor).
新自由主义政策在提升效率的同时，也不可避免地拉大了贫富差距。
While neoliberal policies improve efficiency, they also inevitably widen the wealth gap.
Using '不可避免地' (inevitably) and '拉大' (widen).
我们必须辩证地看待贫富差距：适度的差距可以激发竞争，但过大的差距则会阻碍进步。
We must view the wealth gap dialectically: a moderate gap can stimulate competition, but an excessive gap will hinder progress.
Using '辩证地' (dialectically) and '适度' (moderate).
资本的无序扩张是导致现代社会贫富差距畸形增长的深层逻辑。
The disorderly expansion of capital is the underlying logic leading to the abnormal growth of the wealth gap in modern society.
Using '无序扩张' (disorderly expansion) and '深层逻辑' (deep logic).
在全球资本流动日益频繁的今天，任何国家都无法在解决贫富差距问题上独善其身。
In today's world where global capital flows are increasingly frequent, no country can solve the wealth gap problem in isolation.
Using the idiom '独善其身' (to maintain one's own integrity in isolation).
贫富差距的本质是资源配置权利的不对等，而非单纯的财富多寡。
The essence of the wealth gap is the inequality of resource allocation rights, rather than just the amount of wealth.
Using '本质' (essence) and '不对等' (inequality/asymmetry).
构建一个橄榄型社会是缩小贫富差距、实现社会公平的理想路径。
Building an olive-shaped society is the ideal path to narrowing the wealth gap and achieving social equity.
Using '橄榄型社会' (olive-shaped society) - a specific socio-economic term.
必须通过制度性变革，从源头上遏制贫富差距的进一步恶化。
Institutional changes must be made to curb the further worsening of the wealth gap from the source.
Using '制度性变革' (institutional change) and '恶化' (worsen).
مترادفها
متضادها
ترکیبهای رایج
عبارات رایج
— The issue/problem of the wealth gap.
贫富差距问题已经成为全球性挑战。
— The wealth gap between urban and rural areas.
我们要努力缩小城乡贫富差距。
— The root cause of the wealth gap.
专家们正在研究贫富差距的根源。
— The current state of the wealth gap.
报告分析了当前贫富差距的现状。
— The impact of the wealth gap.
贫富差距的影响是多方面的。
— The trend of the wealth gap.
数据显示贫富差距呈现扩大的趋势。
— The rationality/fairness of a certain wealth gap.
人们在争论贫富差距的合理性。
— The warning line for the wealth gap (usually Gini 0.4).
该国的贫富差距已接近警戒线。
— The wealth gap between different regions.
东部和西部的地区间贫富差距依然存在。
— The ... caused by the wealth gap.
由于贫富差距导致的教育不平等非常严重。
اصطلاحات و عبارات
— Not worried about scarcity but worried about inequality. A classic Confucian saying often cited in discussions of wealth gaps.
古人云：‘不患寡而患不均’，这在今天依然有意义。
Literary/Formal— Inside the red gates of the wealthy, meat and wine rot, while on the road there are people frozen to death. A vivid poetic description of extreme wealth gap.
这两张照片放在一起，真是‘朱门酒肉臭，路有冻死骨’。
Literary/Poetic— Rob the rich to help the poor. Often used in stories of Robin Hood-like figures.
古代小说中常有劫富济贫的大侠。
Neutral/Informal— Rich enough to rival a nation. Describes extreme individual wealth.
这家公司的老板简直富可敌国。
Formal/Exaggerated— As poor as if washed clean; penniless.
他原本家境殷实，后来却变得一贫如洗。
Neutral— Rich and poor, noble and lowly. Refers to all social strata.
无论贫富贵贱，法律面前一律平等。
Formal— Equalize the rich and poor. A historical political slogan.
历史上许多农民起义都提出了‘均贫富’的主张。
Historical/Formal— The Matthew Effect; the rich get richer and the poor get poorer.
在市场经济中，如果不加干预，就会出现马太效应。
Academic— Adding flowers to brocade; making something good even better (often used to describe helping the rich).
给富人送礼只是锦上添花。
Neutral— Sending charcoal in the snow; helping those in dire need (the opposite of 'adding flowers').
缩小贫富差距需要更多的雪中送炭。
Neutralخانواده کلمه
اسمها
فعلها
صفتها
مرتبط
حفظ کنید
روش یادسپاری
Think of a 'Pin' (贫) holding a tiny bit of 'Fu' (富) money, while a 'Giant' (差距) gap stands between them. Or: 'Poor' (贫) and 'Rich' (富) are separated by a 'Gap' (差距).
تداعی تصویری
Imagine a giant canyon. On one side, there are golden skyscrapers (富); on the other side, there are small wooden huts (贫). The canyon itself is the '差距'.
شبکه واژگان
چالش
Try to use '贫富差距' in a sentence that also includes the word '社会' (society) and '影响' (impact). For example: '巨大的贫富差距对社会产生了深远的影响。'
ریشه کلمه
The phrase is a modern compound. '贫' (pín) consists of '分' (divide) and '贝' (shell/money), signifying that when money is divided too much, one becomes poor. '富' (fù) shows a jar (wine/wealth) under a roof (house), signifying abundance. '差距' (chājù) comes from '差' (difference/error) and '距' (distance/span).
معنای اصلی: The individual characters have been used for millennia, but the specific four-character compound '贫富差距' became prominent in the 20th century with the advent of modern economics and sociology in China.
Sino-Tibetan (Sinitic).بافت فرهنگی
In China, the concept of '贫富差距' is central to the national goal of 'Common Prosperity' (共同富裕). After the 'Reform and Opening-up' (改革开放) allowed some people to 'get rich first' (让一部分人先富起来), the focus shifted toward ensuring that the benefits of growth are shared. This makes the term politically significant. It is also linked to the 'Hukou' (户口) system, which historically created a wealth gap between urban and rural residents. Discussions about the wealth gap often involve cultural values regarding family responsibility, education as a means of 'changing one's fate' (改变命运), and the state's role in maintaining social harmony (社会和谐).
Summary
贫富差距 (pínfù chājù) is the essential term for 'wealth gap.' It is used to describe societal inequality rather than personal differences. For example: '政府正在努力缩小贫富差距' (The government is working hard to narrow the wealth gap).
- 贫富差距 (pínfù chājù) is a noun meaning the wealth gap or income inequality between the rich and the poor in a society.
- It is a formal term used frequently in Chinese news, academic papers, and political discussions regarding social justice and economic policy.
- Commonly used verbs include 扩大 (to widen), 缩小 (to narrow), and 解决 (to solve), often described as 巨大 (huge) or 显著 (significant).
- It is a key concept in understanding modern China's goals for 'Common Prosperity' and the social tensions arising from rapid economic development.
مثال
政府正在采取措施以缩小日益扩大的贫富差距。
محتوای مرتبط
عبارات مرتبط
واژههای بیشتر social issues
归属
B1احساس تعلق به یک گروه یا مکان.
平等
B1وضعیت برابر بودن، به ویژه در موقعیت، حقوق و فرصت ها. همه در برابر قانون برابرند.
回避
B1پرهیز کردن یا اجتناب کردن از چیزی، مانند یک شخص، یک سوال یا یک مسئولیت، اغلب به این دلیل که دشوار یا شرم آور است. این عمل شامل تلاش آگاهانه برای دوری از یک موقعیت ناخوشایند یا ناگوار است.
加剧
B2شدت بخشیدن به یک مشکل، وضعیت منفی یا احساسات.
失衡
B1وضعیتی که در آن تعادل از بین رفته است؛ نابرابری یا عدم تناسب بین عناصر مختلف.
互动
B1تعامل بین معلم و دانشآموزان بسیار عالی است.
干涉
B1مداخله یا دخالت در امور دیگران بدون داشتن حق یا اجازه.
牺牲
B1فدا کردن چیزی با ارزش برای هدفی والاتر.
优越性
B2برتری یا کیفیت بهتر بودن از دیگران.
