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A2 adjective #4,000 پرکاربردترین 3 دقیقه مطالعه

年幼

nianyou رتبه 4,000

When talking about young children or animals, use the adjective 年幼 (niányòu). It literally means 'years young.' You'll often see it paired with words for children like 儿童 (értóng), meaning 'child,' or 孩子 (háizi), meaning 'kid.' For example, 你看那个年幼的孩子 (Nǐ kàn nàgè niányòu de háizi) means 'Look at that young child.' You can also use it for young animals, such as 年幼的熊猫 (niányòu de xióngmāo), which translates to 'young panda.' It emphasizes being in an early stage of life.

تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها

§ Similar words and when to use this one vs alternatives

When you're talking about someone being 'young' in Chinese, you have a few options, and it's good to know when to use each. Let's look at 年幼 (niányòu), 年轻 (niánqīng), and 小 (xiǎo).

DEFINITION: 年幼 (niányòu): This term specifically refers to children who are very young, often too young to care for themselves or make independent decisions. It emphasizes a state of being a minor or being underage, and it usually carries a slightly formal or literary tone. You'll often see it in contexts related to child protection, legal matters concerning minors, or when describing the vulnerability of young children.

由于他很年幼，不能自己照顾自己。

Translation hint: Because he is very young, (he) cannot care for himself.

DEFINITION: 年轻 (niánqīng): This is a more general term for 'young'. It can apply to adults who are relatively young, teenagers, and sometimes even children. It's about being in the early stages of life or a career, or simply not old. It's the most common and versatile word for 'young'.

她虽然年轻，但经验丰富。

Translation hint: Although she is young, (she) is experienced.

他很年轻，还有很多机会。

Translation hint: He is very young, (and) still has many opportunities.

DEFINITION: 小 (xiǎo): This word means 'small' but can also refer to 'young' when talking about age, especially in a more informal context or when comparing age within a group. It's often used for children, but can also be used for younger siblings or colleagues. It's less formal than 年幼 and more direct than 年轻 when specifically referring to children.

我的弟弟还很小。

Translation hint: My younger brother is still very young.

Here's a quick breakdown to help you decide:

Use 年幼 (niányòu) when you want to emphasize a child's tender age, their lack of independence, or when the context is somewhat formal, such as in legal or official documents, or when discussing the care and protection of children. It often highlights the 'underage' aspect.
Use 年轻 (niánqīng) when you're talking about youth in a general sense, applying to adults, teenagers, or children. It's the go-to word for 'young' without specific connotations of vulnerability or formality.
Use 小 (xiǎo) when you're casually referring to someone being young, especially a child, or when making a simple age comparison. It's direct and informal.

Practice using these in different sentences, and you'll quickly get a feel for which one fits best in a given situation. Don't overthink it too much, but be aware of the subtle differences.

سطح دشواری

خواندن 1/5

Common characters, simple structure.

نوشتن 1/5

Common characters, easy to write.

صحبت کردن 1/5

Simple pronunciation, two tones.

گوش دادن 1/5

Clear pronunciation, easy to distinguish.

بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟

پیش‌نیازها

年 (nián) - year 幼 (yòu) - young

بعداً یاد بگیرید

儿童 (értóng) - children 青少年 (qīngshàonián) - teenager

پیشرفته

稚嫩 (zhìnèn) - tender, immature (often used for appearance or voice) 幼小 (yòuxiǎo) - small and young (often used for children, saplings)

گرامر لازم

年幼 is an adjective that primarily describes people, particularly children, to mean young or underage. It can be used attributively before a noun with 的 (de).

她有一个年幼的儿子。 (Tā yǒu yīgè niányòu de érzi.) She has a young son.

It can be used predicatively after a subject, often with adverbs of degree like 很 (hěn - very) or 非常 (fēicháng - extremely).

这个孩子还很年幼。 (Zhège háizi hái hěn niányòu.) This child is still very young.

年幼 often appears in more formal or written contexts. For casual spoken language, 小 (xiǎo - small/young) is more common.

当我们年幼的时候，生活很简单。 (Dāng wǒmen niányòu de shíhou, shēnghuó hěn jiǎndān.) When we were young, life was very simple.

It can be used to describe someone's early years or childhood, emphasizing their youthfulness.

他年幼时就离开了家乡。 (Tā niányòu shí jiù líkāile jiāxiāng.) He left his hometown when he was young.

年幼 can also be used to refer to a group of young people, often in the context of their innocence or vulnerability.

我们应该保护年幼的儿童。 (Wǒmen yīnggāi bǎohù niányòu de értóng.) We should protect young children.

مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

他很年幼。

He is very young.

她有一个年幼的弟弟。

She has a young younger brother.

这个孩子太年幼了，不能上学。

This child is too young to go to school.

我年幼的时候喜欢玩玩具。

When I was young, I liked to play with toys.

他们年幼的女儿很可爱。

Their young daughter is very cute.

那只猫还很年幼。

That cat is still very young.

年幼的孩子需要更多照顾。

Young children need more care.

他看起来很年幼。

He looks very young.

我的弟弟还很年幼。

My younger brother is still very young.

她有一个年幼的女儿。

She has a young daughter.

这些树还很年幼，需要多浇水。

These trees are still very young and need more water.

年幼的孩子喜欢玩玩具。

Young children like to play with toys.

他看起来比实际年龄年幼。

He looks younger than his actual age.

我年幼时常常去公园玩。

When I was young, I often went to the park to play.

这只小猫太年幼了，不能离开妈妈。

This kitten is too young to leave its mother.

保护年幼的动物很重要。

It's important to protect young animals.

虽然她年幼，但她在艺术方面展现出了非凡的天赋。

Although she is young, she has shown extraordinary talent in art.

年幼的孩子们在公园里无忧无虑地玩耍。

The young children are playing carefree in the park.

他从小就立志成为一名医生，即使在年幼时也从未改变。

He aspired to be a doctor from a young age, and never changed his mind even when he was little.

这部电影讲述了一个年幼的女孩如何勇敢面对困境的故事。

This movie tells the story of how a young girl bravely faced difficulties.

对于年幼的动物来说，母亲的保护至关重要。

For young animals, the protection of their mother is crucial.

尽管他年幼，却能说出如此深刻的道理，令人惊叹。

Although he is young, he can speak such profound truths, which is amazing.

许多年幼的植物无法抵御严寒，需要特别的照料。

Many young plants cannot withstand the severe cold and require special care.

她一直努力工作，为年幼的弟弟妹妹提供更好的生活。

She has been working hard to provide a better life for her younger siblings.

虽然他现在是成功的企业家，但回忆起年幼时家境贫寒，他依然感慨万分。

Although he is a successful entrepreneur now, he still feels very emotional recalling his impoverished family when he was young.

这位老教师毕生致力于教育事业，对那些年幼失学的孩子总是特别关爱。

This veteran teacher dedicated his life to education, always showing special care for those young children who were deprived of schooling.

在战火纷飞的年代，许多年幼的孩子被迫与父母分离，流离失所。

In times of war, many young children were forced to separate from their parents and became displaced.

她年幼时展现出非凡的音乐天赋，被誉为神童。

She showed extraordinary musical talent when she was young, earning her the reputation of a prodigy.

尽管年幼的她不懂得什么是生离死别，但母亲的离世给她留下了深刻的阴影。

Although the young girl didn't understand what separation by death meant, her mother's passing left a deep shadow on her.

为了给年幼的弟弟妹妹创造更好的生活条件，他毅然放弃了学业，外出打工。

To create better living conditions for his younger siblings, he resolutely gave up his studies and went to work elsewhere.

村子里大部分年轻人都外出务工了，只剩下一些年幼的孩子和年迈的老人。

Most of the young people in the village have gone out to work, leaving behind only some young children and elderly people.

回忆起年幼时和小伙伴们在田埂上追逐嬉戏的场景，他脸上露出了久违的笑容。

Recalling the scenes of chasing and playing with his childhood friends on the field paths when he was young, a long-lost smile appeared on his face.

اصطلاحات و عبارات

"年幼无知 (niányòu wúzhī)"

Young and ignorant (often used to describe children's lack of understanding or experience)

他年幼无知，不懂事。 (Tā niányòu wúzhī, bù dǒngshì.) - He is young and ignorant, not sensible.

neutral

"年幼体弱 (niányòu tǐruò)"

Young and weak (referring to a child's delicate health)

这个孩子年幼体弱，需要特别照顾。 (Zhège háizi niányòu tǐruò, xūyào tèbié zhàogù.) - This child is young and weak, needing special care.

neutral

"年幼时 (niányòu shí)"

In one's childhood / when one was young

我年幼时住在农村。 (Wǒ niányòu shí zhù zài nóngcūn.) - I lived in the countryside when I was young.

neutral

"年幼的心 (niányòu de xīn)"

A young heart (often implying innocence or vulnerability)

她用年幼的心感受着世界。 (Tā yòng niányòu de xīn gǎnshòu zhe shìjiè.) - She feels the world with a young heart.

neutral

"年幼的弟弟/妹妹 (niányòu de dìdi/mèimei)"

Younger brother/sister

我有一个年幼的妹妹。 (Wǒ yǒu yīgè niányòu de mèimei.) - I have a young younger sister.

neutral

"年幼的孩子 (niányòu de háizi)"

Young child

公园里有很多年幼的孩子在玩耍。 (Gōngyuán lǐ yǒu hěnduō niányòu de háizi zài wánshuǎ.) - There are many young children playing in the park.

neutral

"年幼失怙 (niányòu shī hù)"

Orphaned at a young age (lost one's father when young)

他年幼失怙，生活很艰辛。 (Tā niányòu shī hù, shēnghuó hěn jiānxīn.) - He was orphaned at a young age, and life was very difficult.

formal

"年幼失恃 (niányòu shī shì)"

Orphaned at a young age (lost one's mother when young)

那个女孩年幼失恃，由姑姑抚养长大。 (Nàgè nǚhái niányòu shī shì, yóu gūgū fǔyǎng zhǎngdà.) - That girl was orphaned at a young age and raised by her aunt.

formal

"在年幼的时候 (zài niányòu de shíhòu)"

When one was young / in one's early years

他在年幼的时候就展现了音乐天赋。 (Tā zài niányòu de shíhòu jiù zhǎnxiàn le yīnyuè tiānfù.) - He showed musical talent when he was young.

neutral

"对年幼者 (duì niányòuzhě)"

To young people / towards the young

我们应该对年幼者有耐心。 (Wǒmen yīnggāi duì niányòuzhě yǒu nàixīn.) - We should be patient with young people.

neutral

نحوه استفاده

Use 年幼 (nián yòu) to describe someone who is young, especially children. It often implies a stage of life where someone is still growing and needs care. It can also be used in more formal contexts when referring to minors or those under the legal age.

For example:
她有两个年幼的孩子。 (She has two young children.)
在这个年龄，年幼的动物需要更多的保护。 (At this age, young animals need more protection.)

اشتباهات رایج

A common mistake is confusing 年幼 with other words for 'young' like 年轻 (nián qīng). While both mean 'young', 年轻 usually describes someone who is in their youth or early adulthood, or simply not old. 年幼 specifically refers to childhood or being underage.

Incorrect: 我感觉很年幼。 (I feel very young - if referring to an adult's feeling.)
Correct: 我感觉很年轻。 (I feel very young - if referring to an adult's feeling.)

Incorrect: 这个年轻的孩子。 (This young child - while understandable, 年幼 is more specific for children.)
Correct: 这个年幼的孩子。 (This young child.)

حفظ کنید

روش یادسپاری

Imagine a **young** child playing with a toy **new**t. The child is so **young** that they haven't even shed their "baby newt" skin yet. **年 (nián)** sounds like "new" and **幼 (yòu)** sounds a bit like "you" (referring to a young you). So, a "new you" is a **young** you.

تداعی تصویری

Picture a tiny seedling, just sprouting from the ground. It's 年幼 (nián yòu) – young and not yet fully grown. You can also think of a baby animal, like a chick, just hatched and still very 年幼 (nián yòu).

شبکه واژگان

儿童 (ér tóng) - children 青少年 (qīng shào nián) - teenager 未成年 (wèi chéng nián) - underage 年轻 (nián qīng) - young (general) 稚嫩 (zhì nèn) - tender, immature (often used for plants or young children's voices)

چالش

Translate the following sentences: 1. 这个孩子还很年幼。 (Zhège háizi hái hěn niányòu.) 2. 年幼的树苗需要更多的照料。(Niányòu de shùmiáo xūyào gèng duō de zhàoliáo.) 3. 他虽然年幼，但很懂事。(Tā suīrán niányòu, dàn hěn dǒngshì.)