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ناله کردن

B1 verb #7,500 le plus courant 15 min de lecture

ناله کردن

Q: How do I say 'stop whining' politely?

You can say 'خواهش میکنم اینقدر شکایت نکنید' (Please don't complain so much) or 'سعی کنید مثبت باشید' (Try to be positive). 'ناله نکن' is quite direct.

nale kardan Top 7,500

Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces ناله کردن en 30 secondes

Explication ناله کردن in your Level:

At the A1 level, you only need to know that 'ناله کردن' (nāle kardan) means 'to moan' or 'to make a sad sound'. You might hear it in very simple stories or when someone is talking about being sick. Think of it as the sound a baby makes when they are not happy but not quite crying yet. It is a compound verb, which means it has two parts: 'ناله' and 'کردن'. You only change the 'کردن' part. For example, 'من ناله می‌کنم' (I moan). It is used for physical pain. If you stub your toe, you might 'ناله کردن'. In A1, we focus on the most basic physical use of the word. You don't need to worry about the poetic or metaphorical meanings yet. Just remember: pain + sound = ناله کردن. It is a useful word to know if you need to tell a doctor that you are in pain. You can say 'من از درد ناله می‌کنم' (I am moaning from pain). This is a very clear way to show you are hurting. Also, remember that it is not 'laughing' or 'shouting'. It is a low, sad sound. In A1, keep it simple and use it for people who are sick or hurt. You might also see it in simple picture books where an animal is sad. For example, 'سگ ناله می‌کند' (The dog moans/whines). This is the level where you build the foundation for the word. Don't worry about complex grammar; just practice the present and past tense. 'دیروز ناله کردم' (Yesterday I moaned). 'امروز ناله می‌کنم' (Today I moan). This is enough for an A1 learner to be understood and to understand basic descriptions of discomfort.

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At the A2 level, you can start using 'ناله کردن' in more varied sentences. You should understand that it's not just for extreme pain, but also for general complaining or whining. If a friend is always unhappy about the weather, you can say they are 'ناله کردن'. At this level, you should be comfortable with the preposition 'از' (from/about). We say 'ناله کردن از...' to show the reason. For example, 'او از ترافیک ناله می‌کند' (He moans about the traffic). This is a very common way to use the word in daily life in Iran. You will also start to notice that this verb is used for inanimate objects. If an old chair makes a sound when you sit on it, you can say 'صندلی ناله می‌کند'. This adds more color to your descriptions. You should also learn the negative form 'ناله نکن' (don't moan/whine), which is very common in conversations. At A2, you are moving beyond just 'doctor-patient' talk and into 'friend-to-friend' talk. You might hear it in cartoons or simple movies. It’s also important to distinguish it from 'گریه کردن' (to cry). Remember, 'ناله کردن' is about the sound, while 'گریه کردن' is about the tears. If someone is making a sound but has no tears, 'ناله کردن' is the better word. Practice using it with different subjects: 'ما ناله می‌کنیم' (we moan), 'آن‌ها ناله می‌کردند' (they were moaning). This level is about expanding the 'who' and the 'why' of the verb. You are beginning to see how Persian speakers use this word to express a wide range of mild to moderate dissatisfactions.

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At the B1 level, which is your current level, you should understand the nuance and emotional weight of 'ناله کردن'. This is the stage where you recognize it as a 'medium' level of distress. It's more than a sigh (آه) but less than a wail (زاری). You should be able to use it in more complex sentence structures, such as using it in the subjunctive or with modal verbs. For example, 'نباید اینقدر ناله کنی' (You shouldn't moan this much). You also start to encounter 'ناله کردن' in literature and news reports. When a journalist describes the 'ناله' of people in a war zone, they are evoking a deep sense of sympathy. At B1, you should also be aware of the word's role in Persian culture, especially in music. Traditional Persian music is often described as having a 'nāle' in it, meaning it is soulful and heart-rending. You should be able to discuss this. You also need to be careful with the register. In a formal setting, 'ناله کردن' might sound a bit too informal if you are talking about a serious grievance; however, it's perfect for describing personal suffering. You should also know some synonyms like 'شکایت کردن' (to complain) and how they differ. 'ناله کردن' is more emotional and sound-based, while 'شکایت کردن' is more verbal and logical. Practice using the verb in different tenses like the present perfect: 'او تمام روز ناله کرده است' (He has been moaning all day). This level is about mastering the 'feeling' of the word and using it in a way that sounds natural to a native ear. You are now using the word to describe not just what people *do*, but how they *feel* and the *atmosphere* of a situation.

At the B2 level, you should be able to use 'ناله کردن' metaphorically and in idiomatic expressions. You understand that it can describe the 'moaning' of the wind, the 'groaning' of a country under economic pressure, or the 'lament' of a poet. You should be able to use it to describe complex social phenomena. For example, you might write an essay about 'ناله کردنِ قشر ضعیف جامعه از گرانی' (the groaning of the poor class of society from high prices). At this level, you should also be familiar with the noun form 'ناله' used in compound structures like 'ناله و فغان' (moaning and shouting/outcry). You should understand the subtle difference between 'ناله کردن' and 'شکوه کردن' (to lament formally). 'Shokve' is often used when there is a sense of injustice, whereas 'nāle' is more about the raw pain. You can also use the verb in the causative or passive-like structures in literature, though the active form is most common. You should be able to identify 'ناله کردن' in classical poetry and explain its significance—for instance, how the 'nāle' of the reed flute in Rumi's poetry symbolizes the soul's longing for God. At B2, your vocabulary should be rich enough to use 'ناله کردن' alongside adverbs like 'سوزناک' (heart-burning/mournful) or 'جانگداز' (soul-melting). Example: 'ناله‌ای سوزناک از خانه همسایه شنیده می‌شد' (A mournful moan was heard from the neighbor's house). This level is about precision and depth, using the word to create specific emotional effects in your writing and speaking.

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At the C1 level, you have a near-native grasp of 'ناله کردن'. You can use it in highly formal, academic, or literary contexts with ease. You understand its etymological roots and its historical evolution in Persian literature. You can analyze how different poets use 'ناله' to convey different philosophies. For example, you can contrast the 'nāle' in the poetry of Khayyam (often about the transience of life) with that of Hafez (often about the pain of love). You are also aware of the sociolinguistic aspects of the word—how it might be used in different dialects of Persian or how its meaning might shift slightly in Afghan Persian (Dari) or Tajik Persian. You can use the word in complex rhetorical devices. For instance, you might use personification: 'دیوارهای زندان از رنج زندانیان ناله می‌کردند' (The prison walls were moaning from the suffering of the prisoners). You also know the very rare and archaic forms of the verb and can recognize them in ancient texts. At C1, you can also use 'ناله کردن' in a sarcastic or ironic way to critique someone's constant negativity. You understand the 'vibe' of the word so well that you can use it to set a very specific tone in a creative piece of writing. Your use of the word is not just about communication, but about artistry. You can discuss the phonetics of the word—how the nasal 'n' and the liquid 'l' contribute to its meaning. This is the level of mastery where the word is a flexible tool in your linguistic toolkit, used for everything from high-level literary analysis to sharp social critique.

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At the C2 level, you possess a masterly command of 'ناله کردن' and all its nuances. You can navigate the entire history of the word, from its Middle Persian roots to its most contemporary slang usages. You can engage in deep philosophical discussions about the nature of 'nāle' in Iranian culture—how it relates to concepts of 'gham' (sorrow) and 'erfan' (mysticism). You can interpret the most obscure poetic references where 'ناله' might be used as a metaphor for something entirely different, like the sound of a revolving wheel of fate. You are also capable of using the word in professional translation, capturing the exact emotional register of the original text. You understand the subtle interplay between 'ناله کردن' and other related verbs like 'مویه کردن', 'ندبه کردن', and 'تضرع کردن' (to supplicate with moaning). You can explain why a writer chose 'ناله' over 'فریاد' in a specific sentence to change the reader's perception of a character's strength or weakness. At this level, you can also play with the word, creating new compound structures or using it in wordplay and puns that only a native or a master-level learner would understand. You are not just a user of the language; you are a guardian of its nuances. You can teach others the difference between a 'nāle' of pain, a 'nāle' of love, and a 'nāle' of social protest. Your understanding is holistic, incorporating history, literature, music, and daily life into a single, comprehensive grasp of this essential Persian verb.

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Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces

ناله کردن en 30 secondes

A common Persian verb meaning to moan, groan, or whine.
Used for physical pain, emotional distress, and mechanical sounds.
Essential for medical contexts and classical Persian poetry.
A compound verb conjugated with 'kardan' and often used with 'az'.

The Persian compound verb ناله کردن (nāle kardan) is a multifaceted expression that primarily translates to 'to moan', 'to groan', or 'to whine'. At its core, the word ناله refers to a low, mournful, or prolonged sound expressing physical pain, mental suffering, or intense longing. When combined with the auxiliary verb کردن (to do/make), it describes the act of emitting these sounds. In the landscape of the Persian language, this verb occupies a significant space, bridging the gap between raw biological response and high-art poetic expression. Historically, the sound of a 'nāle' is not just a noise; it is a communication of the soul's state. In everyday modern Persian, you might hear a mother telling her child ناله نکن (don't whine) when the child is complaining about homework, or you might hear a doctor asking a patient if they were ناله کردن during the night due to their injury. However, the depth of this word extends far beyond simple complaints. It encompasses the sound of the wind through the trees, the creak of an old wooden door that seems to 'groan' under its own weight, and the soulful cry of a musical instrument, particularly the ney (flute).

Physical Context: In a medical or physical setting, ناله کردن describes the involuntary sounds made by someone in pain. It is less intense than a scream (فریاد) but more continuous and expressive of deep-seated discomfort.

بیمار تمام شب را از شدت درد ناله می‌کرد و کسی نتوانست بخوابد.

The patient was moaning from the intensity of the pain all night, and no one could sleep.

Emotional and Poetic Context: In Persian literature, especially in the works of Rumi or Hafez, the 'nāle' of the lover is a central theme. It represents the spiritual longing for the Divine or the beloved. Here, the verb transcends its literal meaning of whining and becomes a sacred lament.

Furthermore, the word is used to describe the 'complaining' of inanimate objects. An old bridge 'moans' under the weight of a truck, or the wind 'moans' through the mountain passes. This personification is very common in Persian descriptive prose. Understanding ناله کردن requires recognizing the intensity of the emotion behind the sound. It is not a sharp, sudden cry, but a drawn-out, heavy release of breath and voice. In social interactions, using this verb to describe someone's behavior can sometimes carry a negative connotation, implying that the person is being overly dramatic or 'whining' about something that doesn't merit such a reaction. For instance, if a friend keeps complaining about a minor inconvenience, you might say, اینقدر ناله نکن! (Don't whine so much!). This versatility—from the hospital bed to the mystic's prayer mat to the casual dinner table—makes it an essential verb for any B1-level learner to master. It provides a nuanced way to describe suffering and dissatisfaction that 'شکایت کردن' (to complain) or 'گریه کردن' (to cry) cannot fully capture. To reach a 600-word depth, one must also consider the phonetic quality of the word itself. The 'n' and 'l' sounds are liquid and nasal, mimicking the very sound of a moan. This onomatopoeic quality is likely why the word has survived for centuries with little change in its core meaning. Whether you are reading a tragic news report or a 14th-century sonnet, ناله کردن will appear as the primary vehicle for expressing the sound of a heart or body in distress. It is a word that requires empathy to use correctly; you are not just describing a sound, you are acknowledging the pain behind it. In the context of modern social media, 'nāle' is sometimes used to describe 'sad-posting' or constantly sharing negative thoughts, showing how the verb evolves with technology while retaining its ancient root of expressing dissatisfaction and sorrow.

Metaphorical Usage: The phrase 'ناله کردنِ چرخ‌های ماشین' (the moaning of car wheels) can describe the screeching or groaning of a vehicle in need of repair, showing the verb's application to mechanical sounds that mimic human distress.

صدای ناله کردن باد در میان درختان، فضای جنگل را ترسناک کرده بود.

The sound of the wind moaning among the trees had made the forest atmosphere scary.

Using ناله کردن correctly involves understanding its grammatical structure as a compound verb. Like most Persian compound verbs, the first part (ناله) remains static, while the auxiliary verb (کردن) is conjugated to show tense, person, and number. For example, in the present continuous tense, you would say دارم ناله می‌کنم (I am moaning). In the past tense, it becomes ناله کردم (I moaned). This section will explore the various syntactical environments where this verb flourishes. One common structure is از [چیزی] ناله کردن (to moan from [something]). This is used to indicate the cause of the moaning, whether it be درد (pain), دلتنگی (homesickness), or ظلم (oppression).

Grammar: The 'Az' Preposition: When you want to specify the source of the moan, use the preposition 'از'. Example: او از تنهایی ناله می‌کرد (He was moaning from loneliness).

وقتی که تیم ما باخت، هواداران شروع به ناله کردن کردند.

When our team lost, the fans started moaning/whining.

Beyond physical pain, ناله کردن is frequently used in social commentary. Intellectuals might talk about ناله کردنِ مردم از وضع اقتصادی (people groaning under the economic situation). Here, it is not a literal sound, but a collective expression of hardship. In formal writing, you might see the noun form ناله used as a subject, such as ناله‌های او به گوش می‌رسید (His moans were being heard). However, as a verb, it is very active. Another important aspect is the negative imperative: ناله نکن! (Don't moan/whine!). This is a very common phrase used by parents, teachers, and friends to discourage complaining. It's more direct and slightly harsher than saying 'don't complain'. In poetic Persian, the verb often takes a mystical subject. The reed flute (نی) is the most famous subject of ناله کردن in Persian literature, thanks to Rumi's Masnavi. Rumi starts his masterpiece with 'بشنو از نی چون حکایت می‌کند / از جدایی‌ها شکایت می‌کند', but later in the poem, the sound of the flute is consistently described as a ناله that burns the heart of the listener. Therefore, if you are analyzing a Persian poem, look for this verb to identify themes of separation and divine love.

Inanimate Subjects: You can use this verb for things that make a low, continuous sound. 'درِ قدیمی با هر بار باز شدن ناله می‌کرد' (The old door would moan every time it was opened).

او همیشه از خستگی ناله می‌کند، اما هیچ‌گاه استراحت نمی‌کند.

He always moans about being tired, but he never rests.

To truly master the sentence structures, one should practice the causative or related forms. While ناله کردن is intransitive (you don't moan something, you just moan), you can 'cause' someone to moan, though usually, we use other verbs for that. In the passive sense, it's rarely used because the act of moaning is inherently subjective and active. You will find that ناله کردن is often paired with adverbs of manner like به‌آرامی (quietly), مدام (constantly), or تلخ (bitterly). For example, او تلخ ناله می‌کرد (He was moaning bitterly). This adds emotional weight to the sentence. In a 600-word exploration, we must also note that in colloquial Tehrani Persian, the 'n' in 'kardan' might be dropped or shortened, but the 'nāle' part remains distinct. The verb is also essential for describing the symptoms of an illness to a doctor: بچه‌ام دیشب خیلی ناله می‌کرد (My child was moaning a lot last night). This helps the doctor understand the severity of the child's discomfort. Lastly, the verb can be used in the context of animals. A wounded dog or a hungry cat might ناله کردن. It covers almost any low-frequency sound of distress emitted by a living being. By diversifying your subjects—from humans to flutes to old doors—you will see how ناله کردن acts as a versatile tool for adding atmosphere and emotion to your Persian speech and writing.

Colloquial Shortening: In very informal speech, 'ناله می‌کنه' (nāle mikone) is the standard pronunciation for 'he/she moans'.

صدای ناله کردن گربه پشت در می‌آمد.

The sound of the cat moaning (meowing pitifully) was coming from behind the door.

ناله کردن is a word that echoes through many corridors of Iranian life. To understand its usage, one must look at both the literal and the metaphorical places it appears. First and foremost, you will hear this word in **medical settings**. Hospitals, clinics, and pharmacies are places where physical ناله is a daily reality. Nurses might report to a doctor that a patient was 'ناله کردن' during their shift. In this context, it is a clinical observation of pain. Secondly, you will encounter it in **Persian Classical Music (Musiqi-ye Sonnati)**. The lyrics of traditional songs, often based on the poetry of Rumi, Saadi, and Hafez, are filled with this verb. The singer often describes their own heart as 'ناله کردن' for the beloved. The instruments themselves, like the kamancheh or tar, are often described as 'ناله کردن' because of their soulful, human-like timbre.

In the Streets and Bazaars: You might hear a shopkeeper 'ناله کردن' about the lack of customers or the high prices. In this sense, it's more of a grumble or a rhythmic complaint about the state of the economy.

توی تاکسی، راننده داشت از ترافیک و گرانی بنزین ناله می‌کرد.

In the taxi, the driver was moaning/complaining about the traffic and the high price of gasoline.

Another fascinating place you hear this word is in **Iranian Cinema and Television**. In dramas, particularly those focusing on social issues or historical tragedies, characters often 'ناله کردن' to express their grief or frustration. It is a key verb for actors to convey deep emotion. Furthermore, in **religious contexts**, especially during the month of Muharram, the act of mourning (عزاداری) involves a specific type of rhythmic lamentation that is often described as 'ناله و زاری'. Here, it is a communal and ritualized form of moaning. In the realm of **literature and storytelling**, 'ناله کردن' is used to set the mood. A ghost story might feature a 'ناله' coming from an empty room. A romantic novel might describe the 'ناله' of a broken heart. It is a word that carries atmospheric weight. You will also hear it in **sports commentary**. If a famous football player is fouled and stays on the ground, the commentator might say, 'او دارد از درد ناله می‌کند' (He is moaning from pain). This signals to the audience that the injury might be serious.

Modern Media and News: News reports on natural disasters often mention the 'ناله' of survivors trapped under rubble, using the word to evoke a powerful emotional response from the viewers.

شاعر در شعرش از دوری وطن ناله می‌کند.

The poet moans (laments) about being far from his homeland in his poem.

Lastly, in **everyday household conversations**, the word is used to describe pets or children. If a puppy is crying because it's hungry, a Persian speaker might say 'داره ناله می‌کنه' (It's moaning/whining). If a child is tired and cranky, the same verb applies. The sheer breadth of its application—from the most sacred religious laments to the most mundane complaints about traffic—shows that ناله کردن is a foundational verb for expressing any form of 'not-okay-ness' in the Persian world. By listening for it in these different contexts, you will begin to hear the subtle differences in tone and intent that define its use. Whether it's the high-pitched whine of a child or the deep, guttural groan of an old man, ناله کردن is the word that captures it all.

When learning ناله کردن, English speakers often encounter a few pitfalls. The most common mistake is confusing it with گریه کردن (to cry). While both involve distress, 'ناله کردن' specifically refers to the *sound* (the moan or groan), whereas 'گریه کردن' refers to the act of weeping, usually with tears. You can 'ناله کردن' without shedding a single tear, and you can 'گریه کردن' silently. Another frequent error is using it as a synonym for a formal complaint. In English, we might 'moan' to a manager, but in Persian, if you are making a formal complaint about a service, you should use شکایت کردن. Using 'ناله کردن' in a business context might make you sound like you are physically in pain or being childishly whiny.

Mistake 1: Confusing with Crying: Don't say 'او داشت ناله می‌کرد' when you mean he was shedding tears. Say 'او داشت گریه می‌کرد'. Use 'ناله' only for the vocalized groan.

اشتباه: او برای گم کردن کلیدش ناله می‌کرد. (Unless he was making literal moaning sounds, this sounds weird).

Mistake: He was moaning for losing his keys. (Better: He was complaining/شکایت می‌کرد).

A third mistake is the preposition. In English, we moan 'about' something. In Persian, as discussed, you usually moan 'from' (از) something. Saying 'درباره درد ناله کردن' is grammatically awkward. It should be 'از درد ناله کردن'. Additionally, learners sometimes forget that 'ناله' is a noun that can stand alone. You don't always need the verb 'کردن' if you are describing the sound itself. For example, 'صدای ناله‌اش' (the sound of his moan) is more natural than 'صدای ناله کردنش' in many contexts. Another nuance involves the intensity. Learners might use 'ناله کردن' for a loud scream. That is incorrect. A scream is فریاد زدن or جیغ زدن. 'ناله کردن' is lower in volume and pitch. It's a 'groan', not a 'shriek'. Furthermore, avoid using 'ناله کردن' for a simple 'sigh'. A sigh is آه کشیدن. If you just breathe out heavily because you're bored, that's not 'ناله کردن'. 'Nāle' implies a degree of suffering or persistent dissatisfaction.

Mistake 2: Register Mismatch: Using 'ناله کردن' in a very formal academic paper to describe a historical grievance might be too informal or emotional. Words like 'اعتراض کردن' (to protest) or 'شکوه کردن' (to lament formally) might be better.

درست: پیرمرد از درد مفاصل ناله می‌کرد.

Correct: The old man was moaning from joint pain.

Lastly, be careful with the word ناله in slang. In some modern Iranian contexts, 'ناله' can be used to mock someone who is being 'emo' or overly dramatic about their problems. If you use it to describe a friend's genuine sadness, it might come across as dismissive if your tone isn't right. Always ensure your choice of verb matches the level of empathy you wish to convey. By avoiding these common errors—confusing it with crying, using the wrong preposition, or misjudging the volume and register—you will use ناله کردن like a native speaker. Remember: it's about the *sound* of distress, usually persistent and low-pitched, originating from pain, longing, or dissatisfaction.

Persian is a language rich in emotional vocabulary, and ناله کردن has several 'cousins' that you should know to refine your expression. Each of these alternatives carries a slightly different shade of meaning.

زاری کردن (Zāri Kardan): This means 'to wail' or 'to lament loudly'. It is much more intense than 'ناله کردن'. While a 'nāle' might be a quiet groan, 'zāri' involves loud crying and visible distress, often seen at funerals or in tragic scenes. Often used together as 'ناله و زاری کردن'.

شکوه کردن (Shokve Kardan): This is a more formal and literary way to say 'to complain' or 'to lament'. It is often used in poetry to describe the lover's complaints against the beloved or against fate. It is less about the sound and more about the content of the grievance.

او به جای ناله کردن، تصمیم گرفت راه حلی پیدا کند.

Instead of moaning, he decided to find a solution.

فغان کردن (Faghān Kardan): This is a very high-register, poetic word meaning 'to cry out' or 'to shout in distress'. It is much louder and more dramatic than 'ناله کردن'. You will mostly find this in classical literature and epic stories like the Shahnameh.

لندلند کردن (Lond-lond Kardan): This is the colloquial equivalent of 'to grumble' or 'to mutter under one's breath'. If someone is 'ناله کردن' about the weather, they are making sad sounds; if they are 'لندلند کردن', they are muttering annoyed words.

Another interesting alternative is مویه کردن (Muye Kardan), which specifically refers to the ritual mourning and hair-pulling (historically) done by women at funerals. It is a very specific type of 'nāle'. In a medical context, you might also hear بی‌تابی کردن (bi-tābi kardan), which means 'to be restless/agitated' due to pain, which often accompanies moaning. Understanding these synonyms allows you to choose the exact 'vibration' of distress you want to describe. If it's a quiet, persistent pain, stick with ناله کردن. If it's a loud, tragic outburst, go for زاری کردن. If it's a poetic lament about the cruelty of the world, شکوه کردن is your best bet. This linguistic precision is a hallmark of an advanced Persian speaker. In summary, while ناله کردن is the most versatile and common term for moaning, the Persian language offers a spectrum of sorrowful verbs that range from the quietest sigh to the loudest wail. By mastering these, you can navigate any emotional landscape in Iran, from a hospital ward to a poetry reading.

Summary Table: - ناله: Groan/Moan (Sound of pain)
- زاری: Wail (Loud distress)
- شکایت: Complain (Logical grievance)
- آه: Sigh (Exhalation of sorrow)

صدای فغان و ناله از شهر بلند بود.

The sound of shouting and moaning was rising from the city.

How Formal Is It?

Le savais-tu ?

The root is likely onomatopoeic, mimicking the actual sound of a human groan (n-l). It is related to the Sanskrit 'nand' (to rejoice) in a complex linguistic inversion or the root for 'sound'.

Guide de prononciation

UK nɒːˈle kærˈdæn

US nɑːˈleɪ kɑːrˈdæn

The primary stress is on the last syllable of 'kardan' (dæn). There is a secondary stress on the 'le' of 'nāle'.

Rime avec

ژاله (zhāle) حواله (havāle) پیاله (piyāle) آلاله (ālālه) بزغاله (bozghāle) مچاله (mochāle) تفاله (tofāle) ساله (sāle)

Erreurs fréquentes

Pronouncing 'nāle' as 'nail'. It should be 'nah-leh'.
Putting the stress on 'nā' instead of 'kardan'.
Confusing the 'ā' sound with a short 'a'.

Niveau de difficulté

Lecture 3/5

Common in literature and news, but the context usually makes it clear.

Écriture 4/5

Requires understanding of compound verb conjugation and the preposition 'az'.

Expression orale 3/5

Very useful for daily life and expressing needs/feelings.

Écoute 3/5

Acoustically distinct, but can be confused with other 'n' words.

Quoi apprendre ensuite

Prérequis

کردن درد صدا گریه شکایت

Apprends ensuite

زاری فغان شکوه مویه آه

Avancé

تضرع ندبه استغاثه بیداد جفا

Grammaire à connaître

Compound Verb Conjugation

من ناله می‌کنم، تو ناله کردی، او ناله خواهد کرد.

Preposition 'Az' for Cause

ناله از ترس، ناله از سرما.

Subjunctive with Modals

باید ناله کند (He must moan).

Infinitive as Noun

ناله کردن برای سلامتی بد است.

Adverbial Suffix '-konān'

ناله‌کنان وارد شد (He entered while moaning).

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Exemples par niveau

او ناله می‌کند.

He moans.

Simple present tense: Subject + Noun + Verb.

بچه ناله کرد.

The baby moaned.

Simple past tense: Subject + Noun + Verb (past).

من ناله نمی‌کنم.

I do not moan.

Negative present tense: add 'ne' to the verb.

سگ ناله می‌کند؟

Does the dog moan/whine?

Question form using intonation.

او از درد ناله کرد.

He moaned from pain.

Use of preposition 'az' (from).

چرا ناله می‌کنی؟

Why are you moaning?

'Cherā' (why) + present continuous.

مادرم ناله می‌کند.

My mother is moaning.

Possessive 'am' + present tense.

او کمی ناله کرد.

He moaned a little.

'Kami' (a little) as an adverb.

او همیشه از خستگی ناله می‌کند.

He always moans about being tired.

'Hamishe' (always) indicates a habit.

درِ قدیمی ناله می‌کرد.

The old door was moaning/creaking.

Personification of an object.

ناله نکن و کارت را انجام بده!

Don't whine and do your work!

Negative imperative + 'va' (and) + second imperative.

او از سرما ناله می‌کرد.

He was moaning from the cold.

Past continuous tense (implied context).

وقتی مریضم، ناله می‌کنم.

When I am sick, I moan.

'Vaghti' (when) clause.

گربه پشت در ناله می‌کند.

The cat is whining/meowing behind the door.

Prepositional phrase 'posht-e dar'.

ما از دوری خانه ناله می‌کردیم.

We were moaning/lamenting from being far from home.

First person plural past continuous.

او بدون دلیل ناله می‌کند.

He moans without reason.

'Bedun-e dalil' (without reason).

بیمار در تمام طول شب ناله می‌کرد.

The patient was moaning throughout the entire night.

'Dar tamām-e tul-e shab' (throughout the night).

او نباید برای هر چیز کوچکی ناله کند.

He shouldn't moan for every little thing.

Modal 'nabāyad' + subjunctive 'konad'.

صدای ناله کردن باد در کوهستان می‌پیچید.

The sound of the wind moaning was echoing in the mountains.

Compound noun 'sedā-ye nāle kardan'.

او با ناله کردن سعی داشت توجه ما را جلب کند.

By moaning, he was trying to get our attention.

'Bā' + gerund-like structure (nāle kardan).

اگر درد داری، می‌توانی ناله کنی.

If you have pain, you can moan.

Conditional 'agar' + 'mitavāni' + subjunctive.

او از سرنوشت خود ناله می‌کرد.

He was lamenting/moaning about his fate.

Abstract noun 'sarnevesht' (fate).

صدای ناله کردن نی، دل هر کسی را می‌سوزاند.

The sound of the reed flute moaning burns everyone's heart.

Poetic metaphor 'del-e kasi rā sukhtan'.

او پس از شنیدن خبر، شروع به ناله کردن کرد.

After hearing the news, he started moaning/wailing.

'Shoru be' + infinitive.

مردم از فشارهای اقتصادی مدام ناله می‌کنند.

People are constantly groaning from economic pressures.

Social context usage.

او به جای ناله کردن، باید به دنبال راه حل باشد.

Instead of moaning, he should be looking for a solution.

'Be jā-ye' (instead of) + infinitive.

ناله‌های او نشان‌دهنده عمق رنجش بود.

His moans were indicative of the depth of his suffering.

Noun form 'nālehā' as subject.

او چنان ناله می‌کرد که گویی تمام جهان علیه اوست.

He was moaning as if the whole world was against him.

'Chonān... ke guyi' (so much... as if).

در ادبیات کلاسیک، بلبل برای گل ناله می‌کند.

In classical literature, the nightingale moans for the rose.

Literary/Cultural reference.

او از بی‌عدالتی در محیط کار ناله می‌کرد.

He was moaning/complaining about injustice in the workplace.

Abstract noun 'bi-edālati'.

صدای ناله کردن پل زیر بار ترافیک شنیده می‌شد.

The sound of the bridge moaning under the traffic load was heard.

Mechanical personification.

او با هر قدمی که برمی‌داشت، از درد ناله می‌کرد.

With every step he took, he moaned from pain.

'Bā har ghadami ke' clause.

نویسنده در این کتاب از زوال ارزش‌های اخلاقی ناله می‌کند.

The author laments the decline of moral values in this book.

Literary analysis usage.

ناله کردنِ او بیشتر جنبه نمایشی داشت تا درد واقعی.

His moaning was more theatrical than actual pain.

'Janbe-ye namāyeshi' (theatrical aspect).

او از اینکه کسی صدایش را نمی‌شنود، در تنهایی ناله می‌کرد.

He moaned in loneliness because no one heard his voice.

'Az inke' (from the fact that) clause.

اشعار حافظ پر است از ناله کردن‌های عاشقانه.

Hafez's poems are full of romantic laments.

Pluralized infinitive 'nāle kardan-hā'.

او از وضعیت اسفبار پناهندگان ناله می‌کرد.

He was lamenting the deplorable situation of the refugees.

Advanced adjective 'asafbār' (deplorable).

صدای ناله کردنِ تاریخ از میان ویرانه‌ها به گوش می‌رسد.

The sound of history moaning can be heard from among the ruins.

Highly metaphorical/abstract usage.

او بدون اینکه کلمه‌ای بگوید، فقط ناله می‌کرد.

Without saying a word, he just moaned.

'Bedun-e inke' + subjunctive.

ناله کردنِ او در میان هیاهوی شهر گم شد.

His moaning was lost amidst the city's clamor.

'Gom shodan' (to be lost) passive context.

فیلسوف از پوچی هستی و تنهایی بنیادین بشر ناله می‌کند.

The philosopher laments the absurdity of existence and the fundamental loneliness of humanity.

Philosophical/C2 register.

ناله کردنِ روح در قفس تن، مضمونی تکراری در عرفان است.

The moaning of the soul in the cage of the body is a recurring theme in mysticism.

Mystical/Sufi terminology.

او با ناله‌ای جانسوز، وداع همیشگی‌اش را اعلام کرد.

With a soul-searing moan, he announced his final farewell.

Compound adjective 'jān-suz'.

در این سمفونی، ویولن‌ها گویی در حال ناله کردن هستند.

In this symphony, the violins seem to be moaning.

Musical critique register.

او از استبداد حاکم بر اندیشه‌ها ناله می‌کرد.

He was lamenting the tyranny ruling over thoughts.

Political/Intellectual register.

ناله کردنِ قلم بر کاغذ، تنها تسلای او در غربت بود.

The moaning of the pen on the paper was his only solace in exile.

Metonymy (pen moaning).

او از شکاف‌های عمیق اجتماعی که جامعه را می‌بلعد ناله می‌کرد.

He was lamenting the deep social rifts devouring society.

Complex metaphor.

ناله کردن‌های شبانه او، همسایگان را به وحشت انداخته بود.

His nightly moaning had terrified the neighbors.

Nominalized verb phrase.

Collocations courantes

ناله از درد

ناله و زاری

ناله سوزناک

ناله کردن باد

ناله مستانه

ناله بی‌صدا

ناله کردن چرخ‌ها

ناله جانگداز

قطع شدن ناله

ناله کردن از تنهایی

Phrases Courantes

ناله نکن!

— Stop whining! Used to tell someone to stop complaining.

اینقدر ناله نکن، همه چیز درست می‌شود.

صدای ناله‌اش بلند شد

— His moan was heard / He started moaning loudly.

وقتی زمین خورد، صدای ناله‌اش بلند شد.

ناله سر دادن

— To let out a moan. Usually used in a more dramatic or literary sense.

او ناله‌ای تلخ سر داد.

به ناله افتادن

— To start moaning (usually due to continuous pain or pressure).

زیر بار سنگین به ناله افتاد.

ناله شبانه

— Nightly moans or laments, often referring to prayer or sorrow.

ناله‌های شبانه او همسایگان را بیدار کرد.

ناله بی‌فایده

— Useless whining or moaning.

ناله کردنِ تو بی‌فایده است، باید کار کنی.

ناله از ته دل

— A moan from the bottom of the heart; a very sincere expression of pain.

ناله‌ای از ته دل کشید.

ناله و نفرین

— Moaning and cursing; expressing extreme dissatisfaction.

با ناله و نفرین از آنجا رفت.

ناله کنان

— While moaning (adverbial form).

ناله کنان به سمت خانه رفت.

ناله برآوردن

— To raise a moan; to produce a sound of distress.

از میان آوار ناله‌ای برآورد.

Souvent confondu avec

ناله کردن vs گریه کردن

Crying involves tears; moaning (ناله کردن) involves sounds.

ناله کردن vs شکایت کردن

Complaining is verbal/logical; moaning is vocal/emotional.

ناله کردن vs فریاد زدن

Screaming is high volume/sudden; moaning is low volume/prolonged.

Expressions idiomatiques

"ناله در گلو شکستن"

— To suppress a moan; to suffer in silence.

او ناله‌اش را در گلو شکست تا کسی نفهمد.

Literary

"ناله‌اش به آسمان رفت"

— His cries/moans reached the sky; he complained or suffered extremely loudly.

از گرانی، ناله مردم به آسمان رفته است.

Informal/Hyperbolic

"ناله بلبل"

— The nightingale's song, interpreted as a lament for the rose.

ناله بلبل در باغ می‌پیچید.

Poetic

"ناله خروس"

— The crowing of a rooster (rarely interpreted as a moan, but used metaphorically for early morning).

با ناله خروس بیدار شد.

Archaic

"ناله و فغان"

— Great hue and cry; intense public or private distress.

در شهر ناله و فغان برپا بود.

Formal

"ناله کردن چوب"

— The creaking of wood (like an old floor or ship).

چوب‌های کشتی زیر فشار ناله می‌کردند.

Descriptive

"ناله از جفای فلک"

— Moaning about the cruelty of the universe/fate.

همیشه از جفای فلک ناله می‌کرد.

Poetic/Philosophical

"ناله مستانه"

— The soulful sounds made by someone in a state of spiritual intoxication.

ناله مستانه او در مسجد پیچید.

Sufi/Mystical

"ناله بی‌اثر"

— A moan that has no effect; ignored suffering.

ناله او در میان جمعیت بی‌اثر بود.

Neutral

"ناله کردن سنگ"

— Even the stones moan (used to describe a tragedy so great that even inanimate objects would be moved).

از این غم، سنگ هم ناله می‌کند.

Hyperbolic

Facile à confondre

ناله کردن vs ناله (Nāle)

Sounds like 'Nāle' (the name) or 'Nāle' (the stalk/tube - rare).

The verb 'kardan' always identifies the action of moaning.

او ناله کرد (He moaned) vs. ناله نی (The tube/body of the reed).

ناله کردن vs نال (Nāl)

Nāl is the present stem; Nāle is the noun.

می‌نالد (He moans) vs. ناله می‌کند (He moans).

ناله کردن vs نعل (Na'l)

Similar sound for beginners.

Na'l means 'horseshoe'. Totally different meaning.

نعل اسب (Horseshoe) vs. ناله بیمار (Patient's moan).

ناله کردن vs ناله (Nāle)

Confused with 'Lāle' (Tulip).

N vs L at the start.

ناله (Moan) vs. لاله (Tulip).

ناله کردن vs ناله (Nāle)

Confused with 'Zhāle' (Dew/Hail).

N vs Zh at the start.

ناله (Moan) vs. ژاله (Dew).

Structures de phrases

Subject + [Noun] + می‌کند.

او ناله می‌کند.

Subject + از + [Cause] + ناله می‌کند.

او از سرما ناله می‌کند.

صدای + ناله کردن + [Object] + می‌آید.

صدای ناله کردن باد می‌آید.

نباید + ناله + کرد.

نباید ناله کرد.

به جای + ناله کردن + [Alternative].

به جای ناله کردن، تلاش کن.

ناله کردنِ + [Subject] + نشان‌دهنده + [Meaning].

ناله کردنِ او نشان‌دهنده رنج اوست.

[Metaphor] + گویی + ناله می‌کند.

قلم بر کاغذ گویی ناله می‌کند.

ناله‌ای + [Complex Adjective] + سر دادن.

ناله‌ای جانسوز سر داد.

Famille de mots

Noms

ناله (moan/groan)

نالنده (one who moans)

Verbes

نالیدن (to moan - more literary/simple form)

Adjectifs

ناله‌آمیز (moan-like/plaintive)

نالان (moaning/lamenting)

Apparenté

زاری

گریه

شکوه

فغان

آه

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Comment l'utiliser

frequency

Very common in both spoken and written Persian.

Erreurs courantes

Using 'ناله کردن' for crying with tears. → گریه کردن
ناله is the sound; گریه is the act of weeping with tears.
Saying 'ناله درباره درد'. → ناله از درد
Persian uses 'az' (from) to indicate the source of the moan, not 'darbāre' (about).
Using it for a loud shout. → فریاد زدن
A moan is low and prolonged; a shout is loud and sharp.
Using it in a formal business complaint. → شکایت کردن
'ناله کردن' sounds too emotional or childish for a professional setting.
Confusing 'nāle' with 'nāle' (the flute body). → Context dependent
In poetic contexts, 'nāle' can mean the sound or the physical reed; be careful with the context.

Astuces

Poetic Depth

When you see 'ناله' in a poem, think of it as a 'sacred sound' of longing, not just a simple moan. It's a key to understanding the Persian soul.

The 'Az' Rule

Always remember to use 'از' when stating the cause. 'ناله از درد' is the standard pattern you should memorize.

Compound Verb Power

Mastering 'کردن' verbs is the fastest way to expand your Persian. 'ناله' is just one of hundreds of nouns you can pair with it.

Don't Whine!

Use 'ناله نکن' with friends to be playful, but avoid it with superiors as it can be perceived as rude.

Music Appreciation

Listen to the 'ney' (reed flute). The sound it makes is the definition of 'ناله'. It will help you internalize the word's meaning.

Atmospheric Writing

Use 'ناله کردن' for inanimate objects like wind or old furniture to create a melancholic or spooky atmosphere in your stories.

Empathy

If someone is 'ناله کردن', the appropriate response is 'خدا بد نده' (May God not give you anything bad) or 'ایشالا بهتر بشی' (Hopefully you'll get better).

Nasal Sound

The word starts with 'N', a nasal sound. Think of a moan coming through the nose. N-ā-l-e.

Volume Control

Remember: Nāle is low volume. If it's loud, use 'Faryād' or 'Zāri'.

Noun Usage

As you advance, try using 'ناله' as a noun: 'ناله‌اش دلم را شکست' (His moan broke my heart). It sounds more sophisticated.

Mémorise-le

Moyen mnémotechnique

Think of 'Nāle' as 'Not-at-all-well'. When you are 'not-at-all-well', you 'nāle kardan' (moan).

Association visuelle

Imagine an old wooden door (ناله می‌کند) in a hospital where patients are also (ناله کردن). The sound 'n-l' connects them.

Word Web

Pain Sorrow Wind Door Whine Poetry Flute Hospital

Défi

Try to describe three different sounds using 'ناله کردن': a person with a headache, a cold wind, and a person who is tired of waiting for a bus.

Origine du mot

From Middle Persian 'nālishn' or 'nāl-', related to the act of making a sound of distress.

Sens originel : To make a sound of pain or a mournful cry.

Indo-European (Indo-Iranian branch).

Contexte culturel

Be careful when using it to describe someone's grief; if used incorrectly, it might sound like you are trivializing their pain as 'whining'.

In English, 'moaning' can have a sexual connotation; in Persian, 'ناله کردن' is strictly for pain, sorrow, or complaining and does not carry that specific subtext unless explicitly contextualized.

The 'Nāle-ye Ney' (Moan of the Reed) in Rumi's Masnavi. The 'Nāle' of the Nightingale in the poetry of Hafez. Modern Iranian 'Nāle' songs (sad pop music).

Pratique dans la vie réelle

Contextes réels

At the Doctor

از دیشب ناله می‌کند.
کجا ناله می‌کرد؟
ناله‌اش قطع نمی‌شود.
آیا ناله می‌کرد؟

In a Relationship

از بی‌توجهی ناله کردن.
ناله نکن، حرف بزن.
ناله‌های عاشقانه.
شکایت و ناله.

Describing Weather

باد ناله می‌کند.
صدای ناله طوفان.
ناله درختان در باد.
طبیعت ناله می‌کند.

In the Office

از حجم کار ناله کردن.
همکارم مدام ناله می‌کند.
ناله نکن، کار کن.
شکایت از مدیر.

Reading Poetry

ناله نی.
ناله بلبل.
ناله از دوری معشوق.
ناله جانسوز.

Amorces de conversation

"آیا تا به حال از شدت درد ناله کرده‌ای؟ (Have you ever moaned from intense pain?)"

"چرا بعضی‌ها همیشه از زندگی ناله می‌کنند؟ (Why do some people always moan about life?)"

"صدای ناله باد را در شب دوست داری یا می‌ترسی؟ (Do you like the sound of the wind moaning at night or are you afraid?)"

"در فرهنگ شما، ناله کردن نشانه ضعف است؟ (In your culture, is moaning a sign of weakness?)"

"کدام ساز به نظر تو بیشتر ناله می‌کند؟ (Which instrument, in your opinion, moans the most?)"

Sujets d'écriture

درباره زمانی بنویسید که از شدت خستگی فقط می‌خواستید ناله کنید. (Write about a time when you were so tired you just wanted to moan.)

آیا ناله کردن می‌تواند به آرامش انسان کمک کند؟ (Can moaning help a person's peace of mind?)

تفاوت بین ناله کردن و شکایت کردن را در زندگی روزمره توصیف کنید. (Describe the difference between moaning and complaining in daily life.)

اگر یک درِ قدیمی می‌توانست ناله کند، چه داستانی برای گفتن داشت؟ (If an old door could moan, what story would it have to tell?)

چرا در موسیقی سنتی ایران ناله کردن نقش مهمی دارد؟ (Why does moaning play an important role in Iranian traditional music?)

Questions fréquentes

10 questions

Mostly yes, as it involves pain or dissatisfaction. However, in mystical poetry, it can be 'positive' in the sense that it shows a soul's deep connection and longing for the Divine.

Yes, if the engine is making a struggling, low sound, you can metaphorically say 'موتور ناله می‌کند'.

'نالیدن' is the simple verb form, which is more formal and literary. 'ناله کردن' is the compound form used in everyday speech.

You can say 'خواهش می‌کنم اینقدر شکایت نکنید' (Please don't complain so much) or 'سعی کنید مثبت باشید' (Try to be positive). 'ناله نکن' is quite direct.

Yes, 'مویه کردن' or 'زاری کردن' are more specific to funeral laments.

Yes, it is commonly used for dogs, cats, or any animal making sounds of distress.

No, 'to sigh' is 'آه کشیدن'. A moan is more vocalized.

Yes, nurses and doctors use it to describe a patient's condition.

Yes, in an informal sense of 'whining' about them to friends.

'خنده' (laughter) or 'شادی' (joy).

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