syyllinen
syyllinen en 30 secondes
- Syyllinen means 'guilty' or 'culprit' in Finnish, derived from 'syy' (cause/reason).
- It is used in legal, personal, and casual contexts to assign fault or responsibility.
- Grammatically, it is an adjective ending in -nen, which changes to -se- in cases.
- Commonly used with the illative case to specify the crime (e.g., syyllinen varkauteen).
The Finnish word syyllinen is a multi-faceted term that primarily translates to "guilty" in English. At its core, it is derived from the root noun syy, which means "reason," "cause," or "fault." By adding the common Finnish adjectival suffix -llinen, the word literally describes someone who is "full of cause" or "associated with the fault." This linguistic connection is vital for learners to understand because, in Finnish thought, guilt is intrinsically tied to being the cause of an event.
- Legal Context
- In a court of law, syyllinen is the formal verdict. If a judge finds a defendant responsible for a crime, they are declared syyllinen. It functions both as an adjective ("the guilty man") and a noun ("the culprit").
- Emotional Context
- In daily life, it describes the internal feeling of remorse. Finns use the construction tuntea itsensä syylliseksi (to feel oneself as guilty) to express that they feel bad about something they did or didn't do.
Oletko varma, että hän on syyllinen tähän sotkuun?
One of the most interesting aspects of syyllinen is its versatility. Unlike English, where "culprit" and "guilty" are distinct words, syyllinen covers both. If you ask "Kuka on syyllinen?", you are asking "Who is the guilty one?" or "Who is the culprit?". This makes it an essential word for problem-solving, conflict resolution, and even lighthearted teasing among friends. In Finnish culture, which highly values individual responsibility and honesty, being labeled syyllinen carries significant weight. It is not a word used lightly in professional settings, as it implies a direct causal link to a failure or mistake.
Hän tunsi olevansa syyllinen tapahtuneeseen.
In a broader philosophical sense, syyllinen appears in Finnish literature and media to discuss collective responsibility. For instance, debates about environmental change often use the term yhteissyyllisyys (collective guilt). This shows that the word isn't just about individual crimes, but about the burden of accountability. For a learner at the B1 level, mastering syyllinen means being able to navigate both high-stakes legal discussions and low-stakes social misunderstandings. It is the bridge between cause and consequence.
Oikeus totesi miehen syylliseksi varkauteen.
- Synonym Note
- While rikollinen means "criminal," syyllinen is broader. You can be syyllinen to forgetting a birthday, but you aren't a rikollinen for it.
Kissa näytti hyvin syylliseltä.
To summarize, whether you are reading a detective novel (dekkari), watching the news, or apologizing for a late email, syyllinen is your go-to word for identifying who is at fault. It is a word that demands a subject and often an explanation, fitting perfectly into the logical structure of the Finnish language.
Using syyllinen correctly requires understanding its grammatical behavior as an adjective. Like all Finnish adjectives, it must agree with the noun it modifies in both case and number. However, syyllinen often stands alone as a predicate adjective (e.g., "He is guilty") or functions as a noun (e.g., "The guilty one").
- The Predicate Structure
- When you say "Someone is guilty," you use the nominative form: Matti on syyllinen. If the subject is plural, the adjective becomes plural: He ovat syyllisiä (They are guilty - partitive plural is common here to indicate a group or state).
Kuka on syyllinen tähän onnettomuuteen?
A crucial pattern for B1 learners is the use of the Illative case (to/into) to indicate what someone is guilty of. The formula is: [Subject] + [olla] + syyllinen + [Noun in Illative]. For example, rikos (crime) becomes rikokseen. So, "Guilty of a crime" is syyllinen rikokseen.
Hän ei ole syyllinen murhaan.
In more complex sentences, syyllinen can be modified by adverbs like erittäin (extremely), mahdollisesti (possibly), or ilmeisesti (evidently). This allows for nuanced communication about suspicion and proof. For instance, in a corporate setting, you might hear: Meidän on löydettävä syyllinen ennen huomista (We must find the culprit before tomorrow). Here, syyllinen acts as the object of the verb löytää (to find), so it takes the accusative (which looks like the nominative in this specific modal construction).
Onko kukaan tunnustanut olevansa syyllinen?
- Negation
- To say someone is NOT guilty, you can use ei ole syyllinen or the specific antonym syytön. Syytön is more common in legal contexts to mean "innocent."
Tuomari julisti hänet syylliseksi kaikkiin syytteisiin.
Finally, remember that syyllinen can be used in the plural partitive syyllisiä when the number of people is indefinite or when you are talking about the existence of guilty parties: Tässä asiassa on monia syyllisiä (There are many guilty parties in this matter). This construction is very common in political commentary and historical analysis.
You will encounter syyllinen in a wide variety of environments, ranging from the very serious to the completely mundane. Understanding these contexts helps you grasp the "flavor" of the word in Finnish culture.
- News and Media (Uutiset)
- This is perhaps the most common place. Headlines like "Poliisi etsii syyllistä" (Police are looking for the culprit) or "Syyllinen löytyi DNA-testin avulla" (The guilty party was found with the help of a DNA test) are staples of Finnish journalism.
- Crime Fiction (Dekkarit)
- Finland has a massive appetite for Nordic Noir. In books by authors like Reijo Mäki or television series like Sorjonen (Bordertown), the word syyllinen is used constantly as detectives hunt for the person responsible for the crime.
"Kuka on syyllinen?" kysyi etsivä huoneessa olevilta.
In everyday Finnish homes, you might hear this word when something goes wrong—a broken vase, a missing chocolate bar, or a forgotten chore. Parents might ask their children: Kuka on syyllinen tähän? (Who is responsible for this?). It's often used with a slightly accusatory but sometimes playful tone. In these cases, it’s closer to the English "Whodunnit?" or "Who's the naughty one?"
Minulla on vähän syyllinen olo, koska en auttanut häntä.
Workplace environments also use syyllinen, though often in the context of avoiding a "blame culture" (syyllisten etsimisen kulttuuri). Managers might say: Emme etsi syyllisiä, vaan ratkaisuja (We aren't looking for the guilty parties, but for solutions). This is a very common phrase in modern Finnish corporate life, reflecting a shift toward constructive feedback.
On turhaa etsiä syyllisiä, kun vahinko on jo tapahtunut.
Lastly, in historical contexts, you will hear about sotasyylliset (war-guilty parties). This specifically refers to the War Responsibility Trials in Finland after WWII. It is a heavy, emotionally charged term in Finnish history, showing how syyllinen can define an entire era of national politics.
Even for intermediate learners, syyllinen can be tricky. Most mistakes stem from case usage or confusing it with similar-sounding words or concepts.
- Mistake 1: Wrong Case for the 'Crime'
- English speakers often want to use the partitive (like "guilty of...") but in Finnish, we use the Illative.
❌ Syyllinen varkautta
✅ Syyllinen varkauteen. - Mistake 2: Confusing 'Syyllinen' and 'Pahoillaan'
- If you want to say "I'm sorry," do not say "Olen syyllinen" (unless you are admitting to a crime). Use "Olen pahoillani." Syyllinen implies responsibility/fault, while pahoillaan implies regret.
Hän on syyllinen, mutta ei ole pahoillaan.
Another common error is the confusion between syyllinen (guilty) and syytön (innocent). While they look similar because they share the root syy, the suffixes -llinen (with/full of) and -tön (without) create opposite meanings. Syytön literally means "without cause/fault."
Learners also struggle with the translative case when someone is *found* or *declared* guilty. In English, we say "found guilty." In Finnish, the verb todeta (to state/find) or tuomita (to sentence) requires the translative syylliseksi.
❌ Hänet todettiin syyllinen.
✅ Hänet todettiin syylliseksi.
Älä tee minusta syyllistä tähän!
Finally, remember that syyllinen is an adjective that ends in -nen. This means that in any case other than the nominative, the -nen changes to -se-. For example: syyllisen (genitive), syyllistä (partitive), syylliseen (illative). If you forget this mutation, your Finnish will sound very broken.
While syyllinen is the most direct word for "guilty," Finnish offers several alternatives depending on the register and the specific type of responsibility you want to convey.
- Vastuullinen vs. Syyllinen
- Vastuullinen means "responsible." You can be vastuullinen for a project (a good thing), but syyllinen for its failure (a bad thing). Use vastuullinen when the focus is on duty, and syyllinen when the focus is on fault.
- Rikollinen
- This means "criminal." While a rikollinen is usually syyllinen to something, rikollinen is a broader label for a person's identity or lifestyle, whereas syyllinen is often tied to a specific act.
Kuka on vastuussa tästä?
In a more literary or old-fashioned context, you might see the word pahantekijä (evildoer/wrongdoer). This is rarely used in modern conversation except when being dramatic or talking about fairy tales. Another useful word is aiheuttaja (the one who caused). If you want to be neutral and scientific, say onnettomuuden aiheuttaja (the cause/agent of the accident) instead of syyllinen.
Hän tunsi piston sydämessään ja tiesi olevansa syyllinen.
For feelings of guilt, you can also use katuvainen (repentant/regretful). While syyllinen describes the state of being at fault, katuvainen describes the emotion following it. You can be syyllinen without being katuvainen, which is a common theme in crime dramas.
- Syntinen
- This means "sinful." It is strictly religious or moral. A person might feel syntinen before God, whereas they are syyllinen before the law.
By choosing the right word from this set, you can sound much more like a native speaker. Use syyllinen for the facts of the fault, vastuullinen for the duty of the role, and pahoillaan or katuvainen for the emotions involved.
How Formal Is It?
Le savais-tu ?
In Finnish, 'syy' can still mean 'muscle fiber' or 'wood grain' today. So 'syyllinen' etymologically implies being woven into the fabric of the event.
Guide de prononciation
- Pronouncing 'y' like English 'ee'.
- Shortening the double 'l' to a single 'l'.
- Stress on the second syllable.
- Mispronouncing the '-nen' ending as '-nan'.
- Failing to double the 'l' sound (sylinen vs syyllinen).
Niveau de difficulté
Easy to recognize in texts due to the common -nen ending.
Requires knowledge of the -nen to -se- stem change and case usage.
Double 'l' and 'y' vowel can be tricky for native English speakers.
Distinctive sound, usually clear in context.
Quoi apprendre ensuite
Prérequis
Apprends ensuite
Avancé
Grammaire à connaître
Adjectives ending in -nen
syyllinen -> syyllisen (genitive), syyllistä (partitive)
Illative case for 'guilty of'
syyllinen varkauteen (guilty of theft)
Translative case for results
todeta syylliseksi (to find guilty)
Essive case for states
hän on syyllisenä vankilassa (he is in prison as a guilty person)
Partitive plural for indefinite subjects
on monia syyllisiä (there are many guilty ones)
Exemples par niveau
Kuka on syyllinen?
Who is guilty?
Simple nominative subject-complement structure.
Minä en ole syyllinen.
I am not guilty.
Negative form of 'olla' verb.
Onko kissa syyllinen?
Is the cat guilty?
Question form with '-ko' suffix.
Tämä mies on syyllinen.
This man is guilty.
Demonstrative pronoun 'tämä' + nominative.
Syyllinen on täällä.
The guilty one is here.
Using 'syyllinen' as a noun.
He ovat syyllisiä.
They are guilty.
Plural partitive 'syyllisiä' used as a predicate.
Sinä olet syyllinen!
You are guilty!
Direct address.
Kuka on syyllinen tähän?
Who is guilty of this?
Illative 'tähän' (to this).
Hän näyttää syylliseltä.
He looks guilty.
Ablative case '-lta' used with the verb 'näyttää'.
Etsimme syyllistä.
We are looking for the culprit.
Partitive case 'syyllistä' as the object of 'etsiä'.
Oletko syyllinen tähän sotkuun?
Are you guilty of this mess?
Illative case 'sotkuun'.
Syyllinen löytyi pian.
The culprit was found soon.
Passive-style meaning with intransitive verb 'löytyä'.
En halua olla syyllinen.
I don't want to be guilty.
Infinitive 'olla' after 'haluta'.
Kuka on syyllinen rikkoutuneeseen ikkunaan?
Who is guilty of the broken window?
Illative case for the object of guilt.
Hän myönsi olevansa syyllinen.
He admitted to being guilty.
Participial construction 'olevansa'.
Me tiedämme, kuka on syyllinen.
We know who is guilty.
Subordinate clause.
Tunnen itseni syylliseksi.
I feel guilty.
Translative case '-ksi' with 'tuntea itsensä'.
Hänet todettiin syylliseksi varkauteen.
He was found guilty of theft.
Translative case + Illative case for the crime.
Onko hän syyllinen rikokseen?
Is he guilty of a crime?
Illative 'rikokseen'.
Syyllinen joutuu vankilaan.
The guilty one ends up in prison.
Verb 'joutua' + Illative 'vankilaan'.
Älä syytä minua, en ole syyllinen.
Don't blame me, I'm not guilty.
Imperative 'älä syytä'.
Poliisi ei vielä tiedä syyllisen nimeä.
The police don't know the culprit's name yet.
Genitive 'syyllisen' modifying 'nimeä'.
Hänellä on syyllinen olo.
He has a guilty feeling.
Possessive structure + adjective modifying 'olo'.
Onko ketään muuta syyllistä?
Is there any other guilty party?
Partitive 'ketään muuta syyllistä' in an existential question.
Todisteet osoittavat hänen olevan syyllinen.
The evidence shows him to be guilty.
Accusative with infinitive (referative) construction.
Syyllinen yritti paeta paikalta.
The culprit tried to flee the scene.
Past tense 'yritti' + infinitive.
Hän ei tunne olevansa syyllinen mihinkään.
He doesn't feel guilty of anything.
Negative construction with 'mihinkään'.
Oikeudenkäynnissä etsittiin todellista syyllistä.
The real culprit was sought in the trial.
Passive voice + adjective 'todellista'.
Hän kantoi syyllisyyttä vuosia.
He carried guilt for years.
Noun form 'syyllisyyttä' (partitive).
Syyllinen tunnusti tekonsa lopulta.
The culprit finally confessed his deed.
Noun 'tekonsa' (his deed).
On vaikeaa elää syyllisenä.
It's hard to live as a guilty person.
Essive case '-na' showing a state.
Häntä pidetään syyllisenä onnettomuuteen.
He is considered guilty of the accident.
Essive case '-na' with the verb 'pitää'.
Syyllisyyskysymys on tässä tapauksessa monimutkainen.
The question of guilt is complex in this case.
Compound noun 'syyllisyyskysymys'.
Hän yritti vierittää syyllisyyden muiden niskoille.
He tried to shift the guilt onto others.
Idiomatic expression 'vierittää niskoille'.
Syyllinen vaikeni kuulusteluissa.
The culprit remained silent during interrogations.
Inessive plural 'kuulusteluissa'.
Yhteiskunta etsii usein helppoja syyllisiä.
Society often looks for easy scapegoats (guilty ones).
Plural partitive 'helppoja syyllisiä'.
Hänen katseensa paljasti hänet syylliseksi.
His gaze revealed him to be guilty.
Translative case showing result.
Onko olemassa sellaista asiaa kuin kollektiivinen syyllinen?
Is there such a thing as a collective guilty party?
Existential question with 'sellaista... kuin'.
Syyllinen ei osoittanut minkäänlaista katumusta.
The culprit showed no remorse whatsoever.
Partitive object 'katumusta'.
Hän vapautui syytteistä, vaikka monet uskoivat hänen olevan syyllinen.
He was cleared of charges, although many believed him to be guilty.
Concessive clause with 'vaikka'.
Syyllisen mielenrauha oli tyystin mennyttä.
The culprit's peace of mind was entirely gone.
Genitive 'syyllisen' + compound noun 'mielenrauha'.
Oikeuslaitoksen perustehtävä on erottaa syylliset syyttömistä.
The basic task of the judiciary is to separate the guilty from the innocent.
Ablative plural 'syyttömistä' (from the innocent).
Syyllinen pyrki häivyttämään jälkensä huolellisesti.
The culprit sought to obscure his tracks carefully.
Infinitive 'häivyttämään' (to make disappear/fade).
Kirjailija pohtii teoksessaan syyllisen psykologiaa.
In his work, the author ponders the psychology of the guilty.
Genitive 'syyllisen' modifying 'psykologiaa'.
Hän jäi kiinni syyllisenä valtiopetokseen.
He was caught as guilty of high treason.
Essive 'syyllisenä' + Illative 'valtiopetokseen'.
Syyllisen nimeäminen ilman todisteita on vaarallista.
Naming a culprit without evidence is dangerous.
Verbal noun 'nimeäminen' (naming).
Syyllinen kantoi tekoaan kuin polttomerkkiä.
The culprit carried his deed like a brand.
Simile with 'kuin'.
Oliko hän lopulta syyllinen vai vain olosuhteiden uhri?
Was he ultimately guilty or just a victim of circumstances?
Alternative question 'vai' (or).
Collocations courantes
Phrases Courantes
— The guilty one gets a punishment.
Syyllinen saa rangaistuksen teostaan.
Souvent confondu avec
The exact opposite (innocent). Don't mix up the suffixes -llinen and -tön.
Means 'responsible'. You can be responsible for a task without being guilty of a crime.
Means 'sorry'. Being guilty (at fault) is different from being sorry (feeling regret).
Expressions idiomatiques
— To shift the blame onto others.
Hän yritti vierittää syyllisyyden kollegoiden niskoille.
informal/neutral— A sting in the heart (feeling guilty).
Tunsin piston sydämessäni, kun valehtelin.
idiomatic— Literally 'the guilty one is around the corner', used when the culprit is obvious or close.
Älä huoli, syyllinen on jo nurkan takana.
informal— To point a finger (at the guilty one).
Ketään ei pitäisi osoittaa sormella ilman syytä.
neutral— To wash one's hands (of guilt/responsibility).
Hän pesi kätensä koko asiasta.
neutral— To be caught red-handed (proven guilty immediately).
Varas jäi kiinni itse teossa.
neutralFacile à confondre
It's the verb form.
Syyllinen is the person/state; syyllistyä is the act of becoming guilty/committing.
Hän syyllistyi varkauteen.
Similar root.
Syyte is the legal 'charge' or 'indictment', not the person.
Syyte hylättiin.
Similar root.
Syytös is an 'accusation' made by someone, which might be false.
Hän esitti vakavan syytöksen.
The root word.
Syy is just 'reason' or 'cause'.
Mikä on syy tähän?
Synonym.
Rikollinen is a 'criminal' (lifestyle/identity); syyllinen is 'guilty' (specific act).
Hän on ammattirikollinen.
Structures de phrases
[Subject] on syyllinen.
Hän on syyllinen.
Kuka on syyllinen [Illative]?
Kuka on syyllinen tähän?
[Subject] tuntee itsensä syylliseksi.
Tunnen itseni syylliseksi.
[Subject] on syyllinen [Illative-Crime].
Hän on syyllinen murhaan.
[Object] todetaan syylliseksi.
Mies todettiin syylliseksi.
[Subject] vierittää syyllisyyden [Genitive] niskoille.
Hän vieritti syyllisyyden muiden niskoille.
Ei ole todisteita [Genitive] syyllisyydestä.
Ei ole todisteita hänen syyllisyydestään.
[Genitive] syyllisyyttä ei voida kiistää.
Hänen syyllisyyttään ei voida kiistää.
Famille de mots
Noms
Verbes
Adjectifs
Apparenté
Comment l'utiliser
Very common in both spoken and written Finnish.
-
Hän on syyllinen varkaudesta.
→
Hän on syyllinen varkauteen.
You must use the Illative case (-en, -iin), not the Elative case (-sta).
-
Olen syyllinen, että olen myöhässä.
→
Olen pahoillani, että olen myöhässä.
Use 'pahoillaan' for apologies, 'syyllinen' for actual fault/guilt.
-
Tuomari sanoi häntä syyllinen.
→
Tuomari totesi hänet syylliseksi.
Verbs of declaring require the Translative case (-ksi).
-
Syyllinenen mies.
→
Syyllinen mies.
Don't add extra syllables; 'syyllinen' is the full nominative form.
-
Tunnen syyllinen.
→
Tunnen itseni syylliseksi.
The verb 'tuntea' (to feel) requires a reflexive object and the translative case for the feeling.
Astuces
Stem Change
Always remember that -nen words like syyllinen change to -se- before case endings. Syyllinen -> Syyllisen, Syyllistä, Syylliseen.
Guilty of what?
Use the Illative case for the 'what'. If you aren't sure, use 'syyllinen siihen' (guilty of that).
Syy vs Syyllinen
Syy is 'reason'. Syyllinen is 'the person with the reason (fault)'. This helps you remember the meaning.
Directness
Finns are direct. If they say 'olet syyllinen', they mean it. It's not usually a hint; it's a statement of fact.
Translative Case
With verbs like 'todeta' (to find/state), always use 'syylliseksi'. It's a very common exam question!
Double L
The double 'l' in syyllinen is important. If you say it too fast, it sounds like 'sylinen' (which isn't a word, but sounds like 'syli' - lap).
News Keywords
If you hear 'etsitään' (is being searched for) and 'syyllistä', you know it's a crime story.
Compound Nouns
Finnish loves compounds. 'Syyllisyydentunne' (feeling of guilt) is a great word to use in stories.
Apologizing
Don't say 'olen syyllinen' to apologize for being late. Say 'olen pahoillani'. 'Syyllinen' is too formal/heavy for that.
The 'Linen' Culprit
Imagine the culprit is wearing a linen shirt. The SYYLLINEN wears LINEN.
Mémorise-le
Moyen mnémotechnique
Imagine a 'Syy' (Reason) that is 'Linen' (like the fabric). The 'Syyllinen' person is wrapped in the 'Linen' of 'Reason' for the crime.
Association visuelle
Picture a person holding a smoking gun and a sign that says 'I have the SYY (reason)'.
Word Web
Défi
Try to find three things today that you are 'syyllinen' for (even small things like eating the last cookie).
Origine du mot
Derived from the Proto-Finnic word 'syy', which originally meant 'fiber' or 'grain of wood'. This evolved to mean 'cause' or 'reason' because a fiber is a fundamental part of a structure.
Sens originel : Full of cause / associated with the reason.
Uralic / Finnic.Contexte culturel
Be careful when using 'syyllinen' in professional settings as it is a very strong accusation.
In English, 'guilty' often has a heavy emotional weight. In Finnish, it is equally heavy but more logically tied to the 'cause' (syy).
Pratique dans la vie réelle
Contextes réels
Law & Justice
- todeta syylliseksi
- syyllinen varkauteen
- pääsyyllinen
- syyllisyys osoitettiin
Personal Relationships
- tuntea itsensä syylliseksi
- syyllinen olo
- älä syytä minua
- myöntää syyllisyys
News & Media
- poliisi etsii syyllistä
- syyllinen on karkuteillä
- mahdollinen syyllinen
- syyllistä ei löydetty
Workplace
- kuka on syyllinen virheeseen
- ei etsitä syyllisiä
- vastuullinen vs syyllinen
- syyllisten etsiminen
History
- sotasyylliset
- poliittinen syyllisyys
- historiallinen vastuu
- syyllisten tuomitseminen
Amorces de conversation
"Oletko koskaan tuntenut itseäsi syylliseksi jostain, mitä et tehnyt?"
"Kuka on mielestäsi syyllinen ilmastonmuutokseen?"
"Mitä teet, jos tunnet itsesi syylliseksi?"
"Onko helppoa myöntää olevansa syyllinen?"
"Pitäisikö syyllinen aina antaa anteeksi?"
Sujets d'écriture
Kirjoita kerrasta, kun olit syyllinen johonkin pieneen vahinkoon lapsena.
Pohdi, onko olemassa tilanteita, joissa kukaan ei ole syyllinen.
Miten yhteiskunnan pitäisi kohdella syyllisiä?
Kuvaile 'syyllinen olo' -tunnetta ilman, että käytät sanaa 'syyllinen'.
Kirjoita lyhyt dekkaritarina, jossa syyllinen selviää vasta lopussa.
Questions fréquentes
10 questionsNo. While it is used for criminals, you can be 'syyllinen' to something small, like forgetting to water the plants or eating someone else's lunch. It just means you are the one at fault.
The most common way is 'Tunnen itseni syylliseksi.' You can also say 'Minulla on syyllinen olo' (I have a guilty feeling).
'Vastuussa' means 'in charge' or 'responsible for'. 'Syyllinen' usually implies that something went wrong and you are to blame for it.
Yes. It can mean 'the culprit' or 'the guilty party'. For example: 'Syyllinen pakeni' (The culprit fled).
This is the translative case. In Finnish, when you are *declared* or *become* something, you use the translative case to show the change or the result of the legal process.
It can be. In a serious context, it's a heavy accusation. In a casual context, it's like saying 'It's your fault' or 'You did it!'
Use the Illative case (the 'into' case). For example: 'syyllinen petokseen' (guilty of fraud).
The nominative plural is 'syylliset'. The partitive plural is 'syyllisiä'.
The opposite is 'syytön' (innocent/not guilty).
Finns often use 'pahe' (vice) for 'guilty pleasure', but you can say 'syyllinen nautinto', though it sounds a bit like a direct translation from English.
Teste-toi 190 questions
Translate to Finnish: 'I am guilty.'
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Translate to Finnish: 'Who is the culprit?'
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Translate to Finnish: 'I feel guilty.'
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Translate to Finnish: 'He is not guilty of the crime.'
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Translate to Finnish: 'The police found the culprit.'
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Write a sentence using 'syyllinen' and 'sotku' (mess).
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Write a sentence using 'todeta syylliseksi'.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Translate to Finnish: 'They are guilty.'
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Translate to Finnish: 'The cat looks guilty.'
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Write a question asking if someone is guilty.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Translate to Finnish: 'I don't know the culprit's name.'
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Translate to Finnish: 'It is hard to find the culprit.'
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Translate to Finnish: 'He is the main culprit.'
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Translate to Finnish: 'Don't make me guilty.'
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Translate to Finnish: 'Guilt is a heavy burden.'
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Write a sentence using 'syyllinen' as a noun.
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Translate to Finnish: 'Is anyone guilty?'
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Translate to Finnish: 'The judge found him guilty.'
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Translate to Finnish: 'We are looking for the culprit.'
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Translate to Finnish: 'I have a guilty feeling.'
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Pronounce 'syyllinen'. Focus on the long 'y' and long 'll'.
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Tu as dit :
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Say 'I am not guilty' in Finnish.
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Ask 'Who is guilty?' in Finnish.
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Say 'He looks guilty' in Finnish.
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Tu as dit :
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Say 'I feel guilty' in Finnish.
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Tu as dit :
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Say 'The culprit is here' in Finnish.
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Tu as dit :
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Say 'Are you guilty?' in Finnish.
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Tu as dit :
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Say 'Guilty of theft' in Finnish.
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Tu as dit :
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Say 'We are looking for the culprit' in Finnish.
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Tu as dit :
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Say 'They are guilty' in Finnish.
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Tu as dit :
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Say 'I have a guilty feeling' in Finnish.
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Tu as dit :
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Say 'Don't blame me' in Finnish.
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Tu as dit :
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Say 'He was found guilty' in Finnish.
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Tu as dit :
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Say 'The main culprit' in Finnish.
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Say 'Is the cat guilty?' in Finnish.
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Say 'Who is guilty of this mess?' in Finnish.
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Tu as dit :
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Say 'I am innocent' in Finnish.
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Tu as dit :
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Say 'The culprit confessed' in Finnish.
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Say 'The guilt is mine' in Finnish.
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Say 'No one is guilty' in Finnish.
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Kuuntele: 'Syyllinen on jo poliisin hallussa.' Where is the culprit?
Kuuntele: 'Tunnen itseni syylliseksi, koska unohdin syntymäpäiväsi.' Why does the speaker feel guilty?
Kuuntele: 'Kuka on syyllinen tähän?' What is being asked?
Kuuntele: 'Hänet vapautettiin, koska hän oli syytön.' Why was he released?
Kuuntele: 'Etsimme syyllistä kaikkialta.' Where are they looking for the culprit?
Kuuntele: 'Syyllinen olo vaivaa minua.' What is bothering the speaker?
Kuuntele: 'Tuomari sanoi häntä syylliseksi.' What did the judge say?
Kuuntele: 'Pääsyyllinen pakeni ulkomaille.' Where did the main culprit flee?
Kuuntele: 'En ole syyllinen varkauteen.' What is the speaker not guilty of?
Kuuntele: 'Kissa näyttää syylliseltä.' Who looks guilty?
Kuuntele: 'Syyllinen löytyi vihdoin.' What happened finally?
Kuuntele: 'Älä tunne syyllisyyttä.' What is the advice?
Kuuntele: 'He ovat kaikki syyllisiä.' Who is guilty?
Kuuntele: 'Syyllinen jätti jälkiä.' What did the culprit leave?
Kuuntele: 'Kuka on syyllinen tähän meluun?' What is the noise about?
/ 190 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
The word syyllinen is your primary tool for identifying fault in Finnish. Whether you're admitting a mistake ('Olen syyllinen') or identifying a criminal ('Hän on syyllinen'), it bridges the gap between a cause and its responsible agent.
- Syyllinen means 'guilty' or 'culprit' in Finnish, derived from 'syy' (cause/reason).
- It is used in legal, personal, and casual contexts to assign fault or responsibility.
- Grammatically, it is an adjective ending in -nen, which changes to -se- in cases.
- Commonly used with the illative case to specify the crime (e.g., syyllinen varkauteen).
Stem Change
Always remember that -nen words like syyllinen change to -se- before case endings. Syyllinen -> Syyllisen, Syyllistä, Syylliseen.
Guilty of what?
Use the Illative case for the 'what'. If you aren't sure, use 'syyllinen siihen' (guilty of that).
Syy vs Syyllinen
Syy is 'reason'. Syyllinen is 'the person with the reason (fault)'. This helps you remember the meaning.
Directness
Finns are direct. If they say 'olet syyllinen', they mean it. It's not usually a hint; it's a statement of fact.
Contenu associé
Plus de mots sur law
aiheeton
B2unfounded, groundless, or irrelevant
ennakkotapaus
C1Un précédent. Une décision de justice ou un événement antérieur qui sert de modèle pour des cas futurs similaires.
harkinnanvarainen
C1Qui relève du pouvoir discrétionnaire ou de l'appréciation.
hyväksyä
B1to accept or approve
kielto
B1Une interdiction ou un refus formel.
kieltoalue
B2Prohibited area or restricted zone.
kieltää
B11. Interdire à quelqu'un de faire quelque chose. 2. Nier la vérité d'une affirmation.
kiistää
B2Nier ou contester une affirmation. 'Il nie avoir commis l'erreur.'
käsittelyjärjestys
B2order of proceedings
käsittelykielto
B2ban on processing or handling