A0 Adjectifs 1 min read Facile

Basic Colors (Rang)

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Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds

In Gujarati, color adjectives change their ending to match the gender and number of the noun they describe.

  • Masculine nouns: use -o ending (e.g., 'kalo' for black).
  • Feminine nouns: use -i ending (e.g., 'kali' for black).
  • Neuter nouns: use -u ending (e.g., 'kalu' for black).
Noun (Gender) + Color (Ending matches Gender)

Color Adjective Suffixes

Color (Base) Masculine (-o) Feminine (-i) Neuter (-u)
Black
Kalo
Kali
Kalu
Yellow
Pilo
Pili
Pilu
Blue
Nilo
Nili
Nilu
Green
Lilo
Lili
Lilu
White
Safedo
Safedi
Safedu
Brown
Kaththo
Kaththi
Kaththu

Meanings

Color adjectives function as descriptive words that must agree with the noun's grammatical gender.

1

Descriptive Adjective

Used to describe the physical color of an object.

“લાલ સફરજન (Lal safarjan)”

“પીળી પેન (Pili pen)”

Reference Table

Reference table for Basic Colors (Rang)
Form Structure Example
Affirmative
Noun + Color
કૂતરો કાળો છે (The dog is black)
Negative
Noun + Color + નથી
કૂતરો કાળો નથી (The dog is not black)
Question
શું + Noun + Color + છે?
શું કૂતરો કાળો છે? (Is the dog black?)
Invariant
Noun + Invariant Color
સફરજન લાલ છે (The apple is red)

Spectre de formalité

Formel
આ શર્ટ વાદળી છે.

આ શર્ટ વાદળી છે. (Shopping)

Neutre
આ શર્ટ વાદળી છે.

આ શર્ટ વાદળી છે. (Shopping)

Informel
શર્ટ વાદળી છે.

શર્ટ વાદળી છે. (Shopping)

Argot
શર્ટ વાદળી છે.

શર્ટ વાદળી છે. (Shopping)

Gender Agreement Map

Color Adjective

Masculine

  • Kalo Black

Feminine

  • Kali Black

Neuter

  • Kalu Black
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Exemples par niveau

1

આ લીલો પોપટ છે.

This is a green parrot.

2

મારી પેન પીળી છે.

My pen is yellow.

3

તે કાળું પુસ્તક છે.

That is a black book.

4

સફરજન લાલ છે.

The apple is red.

1

શું આ વાદળી શર્ટ છે?

Is this a blue shirt?

2

તેણે સફેદ સાડી પહેરી છે.

She is wearing a white sari.

3

આ ઘર મોટું અને પીળું છે.

This house is big and yellow.

4

લીલાં શાકભાજી સારાં હોય છે.

Green vegetables are good.

1

આકાશ વાદળી છે.

The sky is blue.

2

તેની પાસે કાળી કાર છે.

He has a black car.

3

મેં લાલ ફૂલ ખરીદ્યું.

I bought a red flower.

4

આ ટેબલ કથ્થઈ છે.

This table is brown.

1

તેણે આછા વાદળી રંગના કપડાં પસંદ કર્યા.

She chose light blue colored clothes.

2

ઘેરો લીલો રંગ મને ગમે છે.

I like dark green color.

3

આ કાળી શાહીથી લખો.

Write with this black ink.

4

પીળાં ફૂલો બગીચામાં ખીલ્યાં છે.

Yellow flowers have bloomed in the garden.

1

તેની આંખો કાળી અને તેજસ્વી છે.

Her eyes are black and bright.

2

આ સફેદ કાગળ પર લખો.

Write on this white paper.

3

વાદળી આકાશમાં પક્ષીઓ ઉડે છે.

Birds fly in the blue sky.

4

લીલાં પાંદડાં વસંતમાં દેખાય છે.

Green leaves appear in spring.

1

તેણે કેસરી રંગના વસ્ત્રો ધારણ કર્યા હતા.

He had worn saffron-colored clothes.

2

આ કાળું સત્ય કોઈને ગમતું નથી.

No one likes this dark truth.

3

પીળી સાંજનું સૌંદર્ય અદભૂત છે.

The beauty of the yellow evening is wonderful.

4

તેની વાદળી આંખોમાં ઊંડાણ છે.

There is depth in her blue eyes.

Facile à confondre

Basic Colors (Rang) vs Invariant Adjectives

Learners try to change 'Lal' (red) like 'Kalo'.

Erreurs courantes

✗

Kalo pen

✓

Kali pen

Pen is feminine.
✗

Lali safarjan

✓

Lal safarjan

Lal is invariant.
✗

Pilo chhokri

✓

Pili chhokri

Chhokri is feminine.
✗

Nilu akash

✓

Nilu akash (wait, akash is masc)

Akash is masculine, should be Nilo.

Structures de phrases

આ ___ ___ છે.

Real World Usage

Shopping very common

મારે લાલ શર્ટ જોઈએ છે.

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💡

Gender Check

Always check the noun first.

Smart Tips

Check the noun gender.

Kalo pen → Kali pen

Prononciation

ka-lo, ka-li, ka-lu

Vowel endings

Ensure the final vowel is clear.

Statement

Noun + Color + che. ↘

Neutral declarative.

Mémorise-le

Moyen mnémotechnique

Remember 'O-I-U' for 'Boy-Girl-It'.

Association visuelle

Imagine a boy wearing a black hat (Kalo), a girl wearing a black dress (Kali), and a black cat (Kalu).

Rhyme

Masculine ends in O, Feminine ends in I, Neuter ends in U, that's the Gujarati way to fly!

Story

Ramesh bought a black pen (Kali pen). His brother bought a black shirt (Kalo shirt). They put them in a black box (Kalu box).

Word Web

KaloKaliKaluPiloPiliPiluLiloLili

Défi

Look around your room and name 5 objects with their correct color adjective in 60 seconds.

Notes culturelles

Colors like 'Kesari' (saffron) have cultural significance.

Derived from Sanskrit roots.

Amorces de conversation

“

તમારો મનપસંદ રંગ કયો છે?

Sujets d'écriture

Describe your favorite clothes.

Erreurs courantes

Incorrect

Correct

Incorrect

Correct

Incorrect

Correct

Incorrect

Correct

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Test Yourself

Fill in the blank.

આ કૂતરો ___ છે. (black)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: kalo
Kutro is masculine.

Score: /1

Exercices pratiques

1 exercises
Fill in the blank.

આ કૂતરો ___ છે. (black)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: kalo
Kutro is masculine.

Score: /1

FAQ (1)

No, only variable ones.

Scaffolded Practice

1

1

Mastery Progress

Needs Practice

Improving

Strong

Mastered

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In Other Languages

Spanish high

Adjective agreement

Gujarati has 3 genders, Spanish has 2.

French high

Adjective agreement

French is less consistent.

German moderate

Adjective declension

German is much more complex.

Japanese none

None

No agreement needed.

Arabic moderate

Gender agreement

Arabic has dual forms.

Chinese none

None

No agreement needed.

Learning Path

Prerequisites

Previous
Family Members (Pariwar)

Related Grammar Rules

A1

Adjective Agreement: Gender
A1

Adjective Agreement: Number
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