The preposition 'su' means 'with' and always triggers the instrumental case in Lithuanian.
Mot en 30 secondes
- Used to indicate accompaniment or association with someone or something.
- Always requires the instrumental case for the following noun.
- Can also denote the tool or instrument used for an action.
Apžvalga
„Su“ yra vienas dažniausiai vartojamų lietuvių kalbos prielinksnių. Jis nurodo ryšį tarp dviejų objektų arba asmenų, taip pat rodo priemonę, kuria atliekamas veiksmas. Tai pagrindinis būdas pasakyti „with“ lietuviškai. 2) Vartojimo modeliai: Pagrindinė taisyklė – po prielinksnio „su“ visada eina daiktavardis įnagininko linksniu. Pavyzdžiui: „su draugu“ (su + draugas įnagininke), „su knyga“ (su + knyga įnagininke). Jei naudojami įvardžiai, jie taip pat turi būti įnagininko formos, pavyzdžiui, „su manimi“ (su + aš įnagininke). 3) Dažni kontekstai: Dažniausiai „su“ vartojamas socialiniame kontekste (buvimas su žmonėmis), nurodant priedus (kava su pienu) arba instrumentus (rašyti su pieštuku). 4) Palyginimas su kitais žodžiais: „Su“ neturi tiesioginių sinonimų, kurie galėtų jį pakeisti visose situacijose. Svarbu nepainioti su prielinksniais, kurie reikalauja kitų linksnių, pavyzdžiui, „pas“ (reikalauja galininko) arba „nuo“ (reikalauja kilmininko).
Exemples
Aš geriu kavą su pienu.
everydayI am drinking coffee with milk.
Prašome atvykti su dokumentais.
formalPlease arrive with documents.
Eisi su manimi į kiną?
informalWill you go with me to the cinema?
Tyrimas atliktas su nauja įranga.
academicThe research was conducted with new equipment.
Collocations courantes
Phrases Courantes
su gimtadieniu
happy birthday
su Naujaisiais metais
happy New Year
su pagarba
respectfully
Souvent confondu avec
While 'su' means 'with', 'pas' is used to indicate 'at someone's place' or 'towards a person'. They are never interchangeable.
Modèles grammaticaux
How to Use It
Notes d'usage
The preposition 'su' is neutral in register and can be used in both formal and informal settings. It is the only way to express accompaniment in Lithuanian. Always ensure the noun following it is in the instrumental case to maintain grammatical correctness.
Erreurs courantes
The most common mistake is using the nominative case instead of the instrumental after 'su'. For example, saying 'su draugas' instead of 'su draugu' is grammatically incorrect. Learners should focus on memorizing instrumental endings for different noun declensions.
Tips
Use instrumental case every time
Always remember that 'su' forces the following word into the instrumental case. If you are unsure, check the ending of the noun.
Do not confuse with other prepositions
Avoid using 'su' when you mean 'to' or 'by'. Use 'pas' for visiting people and 'nuo' for origin.
Common social usage in Lithuania
Lithuanians often use 'su' to invite friends out. Saying 'Einu su draugais' is a very standard and natural social phrase.
Origine du mot
The word 'su' is of Proto-Indo-European origin, related to Sanskrit 'sa' and Greek 'syn'. It has maintained its function as a preposition of accompaniment throughout the development of the Baltic languages.
Contexte culturel
In Lithuanian culture, 'su' is frequently used in social invitations and hospitality. Understanding how to use it correctly is essential for building natural-sounding sentences in daily life.
Astuce mémo
Think of 'su' as a glue that sticks two words together using the instrumental case. Just remember: 'Su' needs the 'instrumental glue'.
Questions fréquentes
3 questionsĮvardis turi būti įnagininko linksnyje. Pavyzdžiui, sakome „su manimi“, „su tavimi“ arba „su juo“.
Ne, „su“ taip pat naudojamas nurodyti įrankiui ar priemonei. Pavyzdžiui, „valgyti su šaukštu“ reiškia, kad šaukštas yra įrankis.
Ne, po „su“ niekada negali eiti vardininkas. Visi po prielinksnio einantys žodžiai privalo būti įnagininko linksnyje.
Teste-toi
Aš einu į parką ___ (draugas).
Prielinksnis 'su' reikalauja įnagininko linksnio.
Score : /1
Summary
The preposition 'su' means 'with' and always triggers the instrumental case in Lithuanian.
- Used to indicate accompaniment or association with someone or something.
- Always requires the instrumental case for the following noun.
- Can also denote the tool or instrument used for an action.
Use instrumental case every time
Always remember that 'su' forces the following word into the instrumental case. If you are unsure, check the ending of the noun.
Do not confuse with other prepositions
Avoid using 'su' when you mean 'to' or 'by'. Use 'pas' for visiting people and 'nuo' for origin.
Common social usage in Lithuania
Lithuanians often use 'su' to invite friends out. Saying 'Einu su draugais' is a very standard and natural social phrase.
Exemples
4 sur 4Aš geriu kavą su pienu.
I am drinking coffee with milk.
Prašome atvykti su dokumentais.
Please arrive with documents.
Eisi su manimi į kiną?
Will you go with me to the cinema?
Tyrimas atliktas su nauja įranga.
The research was conducted with new equipment.
