Signification
To feel confused or sluggish.
Contexte culturel
The 'Jesienna chandra' (autumn blues) is a widely recognized state where people feel 'otępiali' due to the lack of sunlight. It is a frequent topic of small talk. During 'sesja' (exam period), students often use this phrase to describe their mental state after pulling an all-nighter. Writers like Olga Tokarczuk use this state to describe characters who are overwhelmed by the complexity of the world or historical trauma. In Poland, there is a growing awareness of burnout ('wypalenie zawodowe'), and being 'jak otępiały' is often cited as a primary symptom in social media discussions.
Match the Gender!
Always check if you are talking about a man (otępiały), a woman (otępiała), or a group (otępiali). This is the #1 mistake for learners.
Don't forget 'jak'
Without 'jak', you might accidentally tell someone they have clinical dementia or are permanently stupid.
Signification
To feel confused or sluggish.
Match the Gender!
Always check if you are talking about a man (otępiały), a woman (otępiała), or a group (otępiali). This is the #1 mistake for learners.
Don't forget 'jak'
Without 'jak', you might accidentally tell someone they have clinical dementia or are permanently stupid.
Use it for empathy
If someone tells you they are 'jak otępiali', it's a sign they are overwhelmed. It's a good time to offer help or a break.
Teste-toi
Fill in the correct form of 'otępiały' (remember gender agreement!).
Moja siostra po egzaminie była jak ________.
The subject 'siostra' is feminine singular, so the adjective must be 'otępiała'.
Which situation best fits the phrase 'być jak otępiały'?
Kiedy użyjesz tego zwrotu?
The phrase describes a state of numbness and lack of reaction, typical of shock.
Match the subject with the correct form of the phrase.
Połącz podmiot z formą:
Matches masculine singular, neuter plural/non-masculine, masculine plural, and feminine singular.
Complete the dialogue with the most natural response.
A: Dlaczego nie odpowiadasz na moje pytania? B: Przepraszam, ________.
This explains the lack of response as a side effect of medication.
🎉 Score : /4
Aides visuelles
Banque d exercices
4 exercicesMoja siostra po egzaminie była jak ________.
The subject 'siostra' is feminine singular, so the adjective must be 'otępiała'.
Kiedy użyjesz tego zwrotu?
The phrase describes a state of numbness and lack of reaction, typical of shock.
Associez chaque element a gauche avec son pair a droite :
Matches masculine singular, neuter plural/non-masculine, masculine plural, and feminine singular.
A: Dlaczego nie odpowiadasz na moje pytania? B: Przepraszam, ________.
This explains the lack of response as a side effect of medication.
🎉 Score : /4
Questions fréquentes
10 questionsNo, when used with 'jak', it describes a temporary state of shock or fatigue. However, calling someone 'tępy' (blunt/stupid) is an insult.
Not really. For being drunk, use 'pijany'. 'Otępiały' is more for the 'hangover' state or the morning after when you can't think.
You can say 'Czuję się jak otępiały' (masculine) or 'Czuję się jak otępiała' (feminine).
It's neutral. You can use it with friends, but also in a doctor's office or a news report.
'Zszokowany' is the emotion of shock. 'Otępiały' is the physical/mental result—the numbness and lack of movement.
Yes, if a dog is groggy after surgery, you can say 'Pies jest jak otępiały'.
Yes: 'otępiali' (for men/mixed groups) and 'otępiałe' (for women/objects/animals).
Yes, 'otępiony' is a synonym, but 'otępiały' is more common for describing a general state of being.
Yes, to describe burnout or the state of the market after a crash.
The opposite would be 'rześki' (brisk/fresh) or 'pobudzony' (stimulated/alert).
Expressions liées
być jak we mgle
similarTo be as if in a fog.
zamurowało mnie
similarI was turned to stone / speechless.
być przymulonym
informalTo be sluggish/groggy.
mieć jasny umysł
contrastTo have a clear mind.
