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A2 verb 9 min de lecture

印证

yinzheng

Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces 印证 en 30 secondes

Explication 印证 in your Level:

At the A1 level, '印证' might seem a bit advanced, but you can think of it simply as 'matching up.' Imagine you have a picture of a cat and the word 'CAT.' When you put them together and see they are the same thing, that is a simple kind of '印证.' In basic Chinese, we usually use simpler words like '对' (duì - correct) or '一样' (yīyàng - the same). However, understanding '印证' as 'A matches B' helps build a foundation. You can use it when you see something in real life that you saw in a picture book. For example, 'I saw a panda in the book, and now I see it in the zoo. The real panda [印证]s the book.' Even at this level, focusing on the idea of 'two things being the same' will help you later. You won't use this word in daily greetings, but you might see it in very simple stories about discovery. Remember: 印 (seal) + 证 (proof). It's like a stamp of approval that says 'Yes, this is real!'

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At the A2 level, you are starting to describe experiences and opinions. '印证' (yìn zhèng) is a great word for when your experiences match what someone told you. For example, if your teacher says 'Chinese is fun,' and then you have a fun class, that class '印证's what the teacher said. It means 'to confirm' or 'to show that something is true by giving an example.' You can use it in sentences like '事实印证了他的话' (The facts confirmed his words). It's slightly more formal than just saying '他说对了' (He was right). Using '印证' shows that you are looking at evidence. It's often used with words like '猜测' (guess) or '想法' (idea). If you guess it will rain and it does, the rain '印证's your guess. This level is about making connections between what you think and what happens in the world. It helps you sound more precise and observant.

At the B1 level, you are moving into more abstract topics like work, society, and media. '印证' becomes very useful here for discussing research, news, and history. You might hear it in a documentary where a scientist says, 'Our data [印证] our theory.' It's a key word for expressing the relationship between evidence and a hypothesis. You should also learn the phrase '互相印证' (hùxiāng yìnzhèng), which means 'to mutually corroborate.' This is common when comparing two different news reports or two different books. If both sources say the same thing, they '互相印证.' This shows a higher level of critical thinking in your Chinese. You're not just saying things are 'the same'; you're saying they provide mutual proof. You will start to see '印证' in HSK 4 and 5 level reading materials, often in the context of scientific discoveries or historical facts. It's a word that adds a layer of professional and academic tone to your speaking and writing.

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At the B2 level, '印证' is an essential tool for formal writing and debate. You should be able to use it to link complex ideas with specific evidence. For instance, in an essay about environmental change, you could write how rising sea levels '印证' the predictions of climate models. The word carries a sense of objective verification that is crucial for persuasive arguments. You should also be aware of its nuances compared to '证实' (to confirm) and '验证' (to verify). '印证' specifically highlights the 'matching' aspect—the way that reality fits into a pre-existing conceptual framework. You might use it to describe how a literary theme is '印证'ed by the characters' actions. It is also common in psychological or sociological contexts, such as how a person's behavior '印证's a certain personality trait. At this level, you should feel comfortable using '印证' in both the active and passive voice ('被...所印证') to vary your sentence structure and sound more like a native speaker.

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At the C1 level, you use '印证' to navigate complex intellectual landscapes. It is no longer just about 'matching facts' but about the deep alignment of philosophical, historical, or artistic truths. You might use it to discuss how a modern social phenomenon '印证's an ancient philosophical principle, like Laozi's 'Wu Wei.' The word implies a sophisticated level of observation where you are synthesizing information from disparate fields. In academic writing, '印证' is used to show that your findings are not isolated but are part of a larger pattern of truth. You might discuss how archaeological findings '印证'ed the 'Records of the Grand Historian' (史记), turning myth into history. The register is high, and the word choice suggests a rigorous approach to truth-seeking. You are expected to use it with precision, distinguishing it from '佐证' (supporting evidence) or '契合' (to fit perfectly). It’s about the resonance between the conceptual and the empirical.

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At the C2 level, '印证' is used with effortless precision in the most formal and nuanced contexts. It appears in high-level political discourse, legal judgments, and profound philosophical treatises. You might use it to describe the 'mutual resonance' (交相印证) of multiple complex systems. For example, how economic data, social sentiment, and geopolitical shifts all '印证' a particular historical trend. The word at this level carries a weight of authority. It's about the ultimate verification of truth through the convergence of all available evidence. You might use it in a literary critique to show how a subtle metaphor is '印证'ed by the entire structure of a novel. In this stage, '印证' is not just a verb; it is a conceptual framework for understanding how we know what we know. It represents the final 'seal' on an argument, where the subjective and objective worlds merge into an undeniable reality. Your use of the word should reflect a deep understanding of Chinese intellectual tradition, where the 'matching of the seal' is the highest form of proof.

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Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces

印证 en 30 secondes

印证 (yìn zhèng) means to corroborate or confirm a theory with matching evidence.
It comes from the image of an official seal (印) and proof (证).
Commonly used in science, history, and formal daily reflections on truth.
It differs from '证明' by emphasizing the 'matching up' of two sources.

The Chinese verb 印证 (yìn zhèng) is a sophisticated yet accessible term that translates to 'to confirm,' 'to corroborate,' or 'to verify.' At its core, it describes a process where two independent pieces of information, experiences, or observations come together to prove that a theory or a statement is true. Imagine you have a map, and you walk for three miles; when you see the giant oak tree exactly where the map said it would be, that physical sight corroborates or 印证s the accuracy of the map.

Core Concept: The term is composed of '印' (yìn), meaning a seal or stamp, and '证' (zhèng), meaning proof or evidence. Historically, an official seal was the ultimate form of verification for a document's authenticity. Thus, when something '印证's something else, it acts as the official stamp that proves the truth of the matter.

他的行动印证了他的诺言。 (His actions confirmed his promise.)

People use this word in various contexts, ranging from scientific research to daily personal reflections. In science, a new experiment might 印证 a hypothesis proposed decades ago. In daily life, you might say that your friend's kindness 印证s your initial good impression of them. It is more formal than '证明' (zhèngmíng - to prove) because it implies a mutual 'matching' or 'fitting' of two things.

这些数据印证了我们的猜测。 (These data points corroborated our guesses.)

Visual Metaphor: Think of a tally stick (符节) used in ancient China. One half was kept by the king, the other by a general. When they were brought together, they had to match perfectly to '印证' the authority of the order. This 'perfect match' is the soul of the word.

事实印证了他的预言。 (Facts verified his prophecy.)

历史文献可以印证这一民间传说。 (Historical documents can corroborate this folk legend.)

Register: While commonly found in academic or written Chinese, it is also used in thoughtful daily conversation to express a sense of 'I knew it' or 'this confirms what I thought.'

新发现的化石再次印证了进化论。 (The newly discovered fossil once again corroborated the theory of evolution.)

Finally, 印证 carries a weight of objectivity. It is not just about personal opinion; it is about objective reality serving as a witness to a subjective claim. When you use this word, you are suggesting that the evidence is so clear that it acts like a physical seal of approval. This makes it a powerful tool for persuasive writing and formal debates.

Using 印证 correctly requires understanding its grammatical flexibility and the specific 'evidence-to-theory' relationship it implies. It is primarily a transitive verb, meaning it takes a direct object. The structure is usually: [Evidence/Fact] + 印证 + [Theory/Statement/Guess]. For example, '这一结果 (this result) 印证 (corroborates) 了我的想法 (my idea).'

Subject-Object Relationship: The subject is almost always the 'proof' or 'new experience,' while the object is the 'existing concept' or 'prediction.' You wouldn't usually say 'I corroborated the fact'; instead, you would say 'The fact corroborated my belief.'

实验结果印证了导师的理论。 (The experimental results corroborated the mentor's theory.)

Another common pattern involves the phrase 互相印证 (hùxiāng yìnzhèng), which means 'to mutually corroborate' or 'to check against each other.' This is used when you have two or more sources of information that support each other. For instance, if two different witnesses give the same description of a crime, their stories '互相印证.'

这两本书的内容可以互相印证。 (The contents of these two books can mutually corroborate each other.)

Passive Voice: While less common, you can use the passive '被...所印证' (bèi... suǒ yìnzhèng). For example: '他的预言被后来的事实所印证' (His prophecy was corroborated by later facts). This adds a high degree of formality and is common in literature.

这个古老的传说最终被考古发现所印证。 (This ancient legend was finally verified by archaeological discoveries.)

我们需要更多的证据来印证这个假设。 (We need more evidence to verify this hypothesis.)

Common Collocations: Frequent objects include: 观点 (viewpoint), 理论 (theory), 猜测 (guess), 预言 (prophecy), 说法 (statement), 事实 (fact).

她的眼神印证了她内心的不安。 (The look in her eyes corroborated her inner unease.)

In summary, use 印证 when you want to describe a 'matching' process where reality meets expectation. It creates a bridge between the abstract thought and the concrete world.

You will encounter 印证 in a variety of high-level and mid-level communicative contexts. It is a staple of news reporting, academic lectures, and historical documentaries. When a news anchor reports on a developing story, they might say, 'Reports from the scene 印证 earlier rumors,' providing a sense of journalistic rigor and verification.

In the News: Journalists use it to link breaking news with previous investigations. It sounds more objective than saying 'the news shows that...' because it implies a systematic check.

现场的调查报告印证了警方的初步判断。 (The on-site investigation report corroborated the police's initial judgment.)

In the academic world, professors use 印证 when discussing the relationship between theory and data. If you are listening to a lecture on sociology, the professor might mention how a specific case study 印证s a broader social theory. This word is crucial for writing research papers (论文) in Chinese.

这些实验数据有力地印证了该假说。 (These experimental data strongly corroborate the hypothesis.)

In Literature and Media: In detective novels or crime dramas, the detective will often say that a piece of evidence 印证s their suspicion. It provides a satisfying 'click' moment for the audience.

指纹结果印证了侦探的怀疑。 (The fingerprint results corroborated the detective's suspicion.)

这次旅行印证了书中所描述的美景。 (This trip corroborated the beautiful scenery described in the book.)

Daily Conversations: In more formal or reflective daily talk, you might hear '这正印证了那句老话' (This precisely corroborates that old saying), used when a proverb comes true in real life.

他的成功印证了“天道酬勤”的道理。 (His success corroborated the principle that 'heaven rewards the diligent.')

Whether you are reading a serious essay or watching a documentary on the Great Wall, 印证 will be there to signal that a connection has been made between what was said and what is seen.

While 印证 is a powerful word, learners often make a few key mistakes, primarily involving its confusion with similar-looking words and its specific grammatical role. The most common error is confusing it with 证明 (zhèngmíng). While both mean 'to prove' in a general sense, '证明' is much broader. You can '证明' a mathematical theorem, but you '印证' a theory with new evidence.

Confusion with 证明 (zhèngmíng): Mistake: Using '印证' for general proof. Correct: Use '证明' for certificates or direct proof. Use '印证' when two things match up to support a conclusion.

错误：我需要印证我的身份。 (Wrong: I need to corroborate my identity.)
正确：我需要证明我的身份。 (Right: I need to prove/verify my identity.)

Another mistake is confusing it with 验证 (yànzhèng). '验证' usually refers to the process of testing or checking something for validity, like a password or a scientific experiment's reproducibility. '印证' is the result of that matching process.

错误：请输入印证码。 (Wrong: Please enter the corroboration code.)
正确：请输入验证码。 (Right: Please enter the verification code.)

Incorrect Object Choice: Learners sometimes try to use '印证' with people as objects. You don't '印证' a person; you '印证' their words or their actions. The object should be an abstract noun like '观点' or '猜测'.

错误：事实印证了他。 (Wrong: Facts corroborated him.)
正确：事实印证了他的话。 (Right: Facts corroborated his words.)

错误：这个比萨印证了它很好吃。 (Wrong: This pizza corroborated that it is delicious.)
正确：这个比萨证明了大家的评价是对的。 (Right: This pizza proved everyone's reviews were right.)

Directionality: Remember the evidence '印证's the theory. Swapping them (The theory '印证's the evidence) is logically possible but much less common and can sound confusing to native ears.

正确：新证据印证了旧理论。 (Right: New evidence corroborated the old theory.)

By avoiding these pitfalls, you can use '印证' to add a layer of precision and intellectual depth to your Chinese.

To truly master 印证, it is helpful to compare it with other words in the 'verification' family. Each has a slightly different shade of meaning and is used in different contexts.

证实 (zhèngshí): Meaning: To confirm or verify as true. Difference: '证实' is more direct. It focuses on the finality of the truth. '印证' focuses on the matching of two pieces of information. If a rumor is confirmed, you use '证实'. If a theory matches a new discovery, you use '印证'.

警察证实了那个人已经死亡。 (The police confirmed that the person had died.)

验证 (yànzhèng): Meaning: To validate or verify through testing. Difference: '验证' is a process-oriented word. It often involves a procedure or a test. You '验证' a hypothesis by doing experiments. You '验证' a phone number with a code. '印证' is more about the alignment of independent sources.

我们需要验证这个程序的安全性。 (We need to verify the security of this program.)

吻合 (wěnhé): Meaning: To coincide, to tally, to match. Difference: '吻合' is an intransitive verb (or adjective) that describes the state of matching. '印证' is the active process of one thing supporting another. You would say 'Their stories match' (他们的说法吻合), but 'His story corroborates mine' (他的说法印证了我的说法).

指纹和数据库里的记录完全吻合。 (The fingerprints match the records in the database perfectly.)

这两份证据可以互相印证。 (These two pieces of evidence can mutually corroborate each other.)

佐证 (zuǒzhèng): Meaning: Supporting evidence (noun) or to provide supporting evidence (verb). Difference: '佐证' is very formal and often used in legal contexts. It implies secondary or auxiliary evidence that helps the main case. '印证' is more central to the matching of the main idea.

这封信可以作为他不在场证明的佐证。 (This letter can serve as supporting evidence for his alibi.)

Choosing the right word depends on whether you want to emphasize the truth (证实), the test (验证), the match (吻合), or the mutual support (印证).

How Formal Is It?

Le savais-tu ?

In ancient China, '印' (seals) were so important that losing one's official seal was often a crime punishable by death, as it was the only way to '印证' one's authority.

Guide de prononciation

UK /jɪn⁴⁵ tʂɤŋ⁵¹/

US /jin dʒʌŋ/

Second syllable 'zhèng' often carries the weight of the meaning.

Rime avec

并正 (bìng zhèng) 庆证 (qìng zhèng) 定性 (dìng xìng) 命令 (mìng lìng) 盛兴 (shèng xīng) 镜映 (jìng yìng) 听命 (tīng mìng) 精进 (jīng jìn)

Erreurs fréquentes

Pronouncing 'zh' like 'z' (dental instead of retroflex).
Confusing the tones: both are 4th tone (yìnzhèng), but yìn can sound like a 3rd tone in fast speech.
Mispronouncing 'eng' as 'en'.
Using the wrong 'zhèng' character (e.g., 证 vs 正).
Applying English 'v' sound to 'y' which is incorrect.

Niveau de difficulté

Lecture 3/5

Recognizing the characters is easy, but understanding the nuance in complex sentences requires B1+ level.

Écriture 4/5

Using it naturally requires a good grasp of formal Chinese structure and object collocations.

Expression orale 3/5

It's a high-frequency word in formal speaking but rarely used in basic survival Chinese.

Écoute 3/5

Common in news and documentaries; easy to identify once the 'yìn' and 'zhèng' sounds are mastered.

Quoi apprendre ensuite

Prérequis

证明 (zhèngmíng) 事实 (shìshí) 想法 (xiǎngfǎ) 证据 (zhèngjù) 猜测 (cāicè)

Apprends ensuite

佐证 (zuǒzhèng) 验证 (yànzhèng) 吻合 (wěnhé) 证实 (zhèngshí) 确凿 (quèzáo)

Avancé

考证 (kǎozhèng) 辩证 (biànzhèng) 证伪 (zhèngwěi) 契合 (qìhé) 共鸣 (gòngmíng)

Grammaire à connaître

The 'Resultative' use of 印证

他的猜想得到了印证。 (His guess was corroborated.)

The use of '互相' with 印证

两人的说法互相印证。 (The two people's stories mutually corroborate.)

Passive '被' structure

这个观点被后来的研究所印证。 (This viewpoint was corroborated by later research.)

Adverbial modification

有力地印证 / 充分地印证 / 再次印证。

Object constraints

Requires abstract nouns like 观点, 理论, 猜测 as objects.

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Exemples par niveau

书上的画印证了我的想法。

The drawing in the book corroborated my idea.

Simple Subject + Verb + Object structure.

他的话印证了事实。

His words confirmed the facts.

Direct object '事实'.

这个例子印证了规则。

This example verified the rule.

Using '印证' to link example and rule.

天气印证了预报。

The weather confirmed the forecast.

Natural phenomena as subject.

老师的话印证了我的对。

The teacher's words confirmed I was right.

Informal use of '对' as a noun phrase.

照片印证了他说的话。

The photo confirmed what he said.

Object is a clause-like phrase.

这一幕印证了电影里的故事。

This scene corroborated the story in the movie.

Comparing real life to media.

你的笑容印证了你的快乐。

Your smile verifies your happiness.

Abstract quality '快乐' as object.

实验的结果印证了我们的猜测。

The experimental results corroborated our guess.

Common collocation '印证...猜测'.

他的行动印证了他的诚实。

His actions confirmed his honesty.

Subject is '行动' (actions).

这些数据印证了之前的报告。

These data points corroborated the previous report.

Using '数据' as a formal subject.

老人的话在后来的生活中得到了印证。

The old man's words were verified in later life.

Passive-style structure '得到了印证'.

这次旅行印证了书中的描述。

This trip corroborated the descriptions in the book.

Comparing experience with reading.

事实再次印证了他的预言。

Facts once again confirmed his prophecy.

Adverb '再次' (once again) adds emphasis.

证据印证了警察的怀疑。

The evidence corroborated the police's suspicion.

Collocation '印证...怀疑'.

她的眼神印证了她内心的恐惧。

Her gaze confirmed her inner fear.

Using physical signs to verify emotions.

这两份文件可以互相印证。

These two documents can mutually corroborate each other.

Use of '互相' (mutually).

这一发现有力地印证了该理论。

This discovery strongly corroborated the theory.

Adverb '有力地' (strongly) is common in B1/B2.

他的成功印证了“勤奋出天才”的说法。

His success corroborated the saying 'diligence produces genius.'

Confirming a '说法' (saying/statement).

市场反应印证了我们的营销策略是正确的。

The market reaction confirmed that our marketing strategy was correct.

Business context.

历史文献印证了这一民间传说的真实性。

Historical documents verified the authenticity of this folk legend.

Formal object '真实性' (authenticity).

新证据印证了目击者的证词。

New evidence corroborated the witness's testimony.

Legal/Investigative context.

他的沉默印证了大家的担心。

His silence corroborated everyone's worries.

Silence as a form of evidence.

研究结果印证了长期以来的科学假设。

The research results corroborated a long-standing scientific hypothesis.

Scientific register.

这些考古发现与史书记载互相印证。

These archaeological finds and historical records mutually corroborate each other.

Structure 'A 与 B 互相印证'.

现实生活往往会印证文学作品中的真理。

Real life often corroborates the truths in literary works.

Philosophical/Literary context.

该项目的成功印证了团队合作的重要性。

The success of the project corroborated the importance of teamwork.

Abstract concept '重要性' (importance).

他的话在随后的调查中得到了充分的印证。

His words were fully corroborated in the subsequent investigation.

Adverb '充分的' (fully) + passive '得到了印证'.

这再次印证了“弱国无外交”的残酷现实。

This once again corroborated the cruel reality that 'weak nations have no diplomacy.'

Political/Historical context.

调查数据印证了公众对该政策的不满。

Survey data corroborated public dissatisfaction with the policy.

Social science context.

他的神态印证了他内心的挣扎。

His expression corroborated his inner struggle.

Psychological nuance.

新技术的应用印证了研发人员的远见。

The application of new technology corroborated the researchers' foresight.

Object '远见' (foresight).

这一宏观经济趋势印证了凯恩斯主义的某些观点。

This macroeconomic trend corroborates certain viewpoints of Keynesianism.

High-level academic/economic context.

两者的论述在逻辑上是可以互相印证的。

The arguments of both are logically mutually corroborating.

Abstract logical connection.

这段历史被多方史料所印证，具有极高的可信度。

This period of history is corroborated by multiple historical sources and has high credibility.

Passive structure '被...所印证'.

其作品的艺术价值在时间的流逝中得到了印证。

The artistic value of his work has been verified through the passage of time.

Metaphorical use of 'time' as a validator.

这种心理现象印证了弗洛伊德的潜意识理论。

This psychological phenomenon corroborates Freud's theory of the unconscious.

Scientific/Theoretical alignment.

实地考察的结果印证了我们的初步假设。

The results of the field investigation corroborated our preliminary hypothesis.

Professional research context.

他的晚年生活印证了他年轻时的哲学主张。

His later life corroborated his philosophical tenets from his youth.

Life-long alignment of thought and action.

各种迹象都印证了一场危机的即将来临。

All sorts of signs corroborated the imminent arrival of a crisis.

Using '迹象' (signs) as subject.

宇宙背景辐射的发现，完美地印证了“大爆炸”理论。

The discovery of cosmic background radiation perfectly corroborated the 'Big Bang' theory.

Ultimate scientific verification.

社会契约论的精髓在现代民主制度中得到了印证。

The essence of the Social Contract theory has been verified within modern democratic systems.

Political philosophy context.

物种起源的奥秘通过现代基因技术得到了进一步印证。

The mysteries of the origin of species have been further corroborated through modern genetic technology.

Advanced biology context.

这一深刻的见解正印证了人类文明演进的普遍规律。

This profound insight precisely corroborates the universal laws of the evolution of human civilization.

Grand historical/philosophical register.

多维度的证据交相印证，形成了一个牢不可破的逻辑链条。

Evidence from multiple dimensions mutually corroborates, forming an unbreakable logical chain.

Use of '交相印证' (mutually and cross-corroborating).

这种文学风格的转变，印证了时代精神的深刻变革。

This shift in literary style corroborates a profound transformation in the zeitgeist.

Cultural criticism context.

他的命运起伏，恰恰印证了那句“塞翁失马，焉知非福”。

The ups and downs of his fate precisely corroborate the saying 'the old man at the border losing his horse, how could one know it's not a blessing.'

Integrating classical idiom with modern context.

微观粒子的行为印证了量子力学中互补性的原理。

The behavior of microscopic particles corroborates the principle of complementarity in quantum mechanics.

Quantum physics context.

Collocations courantes

得到印证

有力印证

互相印证

再次印证

事实印证

逻辑印证

历史印证

实践印证

初步印证

交相印证

Phrases Courantes

印证观点

— To corroborate a viewpoint.

他的话印证了我的观点。

印证猜测

— To verify a guess.

结果印证了我的猜测。

印证理论

— To corroborate a theory.

实验印证了牛顿的理论。

印证预言

— To verify a prophecy.

事实印证了他的预言。

印证心迹

— To confirm one's inner thoughts/intentions.

他的行为印证了他的心迹。

印证说法

— To corroborate a statement.

这种说法在现实中得到了印证。

印证传说

— To verify a legend.

考古学印证了古老的传说。

印证判断

— To corroborate a judgment.

细节印证了侦探的判断。

印证诺言

— To verify a promise (through action).

他用一生印证了自己的诺言。

印证事实

— To confirm facts.

多方面的调查印证了事实。

Souvent confondu avec

印证 vs 证明 (zhèngmíng)

证明 is general 'to prove'. 印证 is 'to match and verify'.

印证 vs 验证 (yànzhèng)

验证 is the process of testing (like a code). 印证 is the alignment of evidence.

印证 vs 确证 (quèzhèng)

确证 means to confirm with 100% certainty. 印证 is about the relationship between two things.

Expressions idiomatiques

"交相印证"

— Multiple things confirm each other.

文献与文物交相印证。

Formal

"无可印证"

— Nothing can verify it; lacks proof.

这段孤证无可印证。

Formal

"不谋而合"

— To agree without prior consultation (related to matching).

我们的想法不谋而合。

Neutral

"凿凿有据"

— Supported by solid evidence.

他的论述凿凿有据。

Formal

"铁证如山"

— Irrefutable evidence like a mountain.

他的罪行铁证如山。

Formal

"有案可查"

— There is a record that can be checked.

这件事在历史上是有案可查的。

Formal

"口说无凭"

— Words alone are not proof.

口说无凭，我们需要证据。

Neutral

"实事求是"

— To seek truth from facts.

我们应该秉持实事求是的精神。

Political/Formal

"名副其实"

— Worthy of the name; name matches reality.

他是名副其实的英雄。

Neutral

"言行一致"

— Words and actions match.

他是一个言行一致的人。

Neutral

Facile à confondre

印证 vs 证实

Both mean 'to confirm'.

证实 focuses on the truth itself; 印证 focuses on the matching of two sources. You '证实' a rumor, but you '印证' a theory with data.

消息得到了证实。 (The news was confirmed.)

印证 vs 验证

Both involve checking.

验证 is a procedure (testing). 印证 is a result (corroborating).

他在验证他的新公式。 (He is verifying/testing his new formula.)

印证 vs 吻合

Both mean 'to match'.

吻合 is a state (they match). 印证 is an action (this supports that).

两人的指纹完全吻合。 (The fingerprints match perfectly.)

印证 vs 佐证

Both mean 'to support with evidence'.

佐证 is usually a noun (supporting evidence) or a very formal legal verb. 印证 is more common for theories.

这可以作为有力的佐证。 (This can serve as strong supporting evidence.)

印证 vs 考证

Both involve verifying.

考证 is specifically for historical or textual research.

他正在考证这首诗的作者。 (He is researching the authorship of this poem.)

Structures de phrases

事实印证了[想法/猜测]。

事实印证了我的想法。

[证据]有力地印证了[理论]。

实验数据有力地印证了该理论。

[A] 与 [B] 互相印证。

这两本书的内容互相印证。

[说法]在[实践]中得到了印证。

他的预言在后来的生活中得到了印证。

足以印证[真实性/重要性]。

这足以印证该事件的真实性。

[现象]正印证了[规律/原理]。

这种现象正印证了经济规律。

被[多方证据]所印证。

这段历史被多方证据所印证。

[维度]交相印证。

多维度的证据交相印证。

Famille de mots

Noms

印章 (yìnzhāng - seal)

证据 (zhèngjù - evidence)

证明书 (zhèngmíngshū - certificate)

Verbes

印 (yìn - to print/stamp)

证 (zhèng - to prove)

验证 (yànzhèng - to verify)

证实 (zhèngshí - to confirm)

Adjectifs

印证性的 (yìnzhèngxìng de - corroborative)

Apparenté

匹配 (pǐpèi - match)

符合 (fúhé - accord with)

对照 (duìzhào - contrast/compare)

参考 (cānkǎo - refer to)

依据 (yījù - based on)

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Comment l'utiliser

frequency

Common in written Chinese and formal speech (Top 3000 words).

Erreurs courantes

Using '印证' for ID cards. → 使用 '证明' (zhèngmíng).
You prove your identity; you don't corroborate it with a theory.
Using '印证' for 'checking' a password. → 使用 '验证' (yànzhèng).
Verifying a code is a procedure, not a corroboration of a theory.
Saying '我印证了事实' (I corroborated the fact). → 事实印证了我的想法。
The fact is the evidence, not the thing being corroborated.
Confusing '印证' with '印章' (seal). → Use '印证' as the verb, '印章' as the object.
One is the action, the other is the physical tool.
Using '印证' in very slangy talk. → Use '证明' or '说中了'.
It can sound overly formal in a casual bar conversation.

Astuces

Match the Register

Use '印证' when writing an essay or giving a presentation to sound more academic and precise.

Evidence First

Remember to put the evidence as the subject: [Evidence] 印证了 [Idea].

The 'Mutual' Tip

Whenever you compare two books or two people's stories, '互相印证' is the perfect phrase.

The Seal Metaphor

Think of the '印' in '印证' as a stamp of approval that makes a document official.

Cultural Nuance

In Zen, it's about verifying enlightenment. Use it to describe deep 'Aha!' moments.

Choose Wisely

Don't use it for simple ID verification; use '证明' or '核实' for that.

Strong Adverbs

Use '有力地' (strongly) or '再次' (again) to add flavor to your sentences.

Tone Mastery

Focus on the sharp 4th tones to sound confident when confirming facts.

Look for Connections

When you see '印证' in a text, look for the theory mentioned earlier in the paragraph.

The Bridge

Treat '印证' as a bridge between the 'What I thought' and 'What I saw'.

Mémorise-le

Moyen mnémotechnique

Imagine a detective holding a physical stamp (印) and pressing it onto a piece of evidence (证). If the stamp fits the mark on the evidence, the truth is '印证'ed.

Association visuelle

Visualize two halves of a torn piece of paper being brought together. When the edges match perfectly, they '印证' that they belong together.

Word Web

印章 (Seal) 证明 (Prove) 证实 (Confirm) 验证 (Verify) 证据 (Evidence) 吻合 (Match) 理论 (Theory) 事实 (Fact)

Défi

Write three sentences: one about a scientific theory, one about a personal guess, and one about a historical legend, all using the word '印证'.

Origine du mot

The word consists of two characters: 印 (yìn) and 证 (zhèng). '印' originally depicted a hand pressing down on a kneeling person, symbolizing authority and the application of a seal. '证' (証) combines '言' (speech) and '正' (upright/correct), meaning to correct or clarify through speech/evidence.

Sens originel : The original combined sense was to verify a document or claim by matching it with an official seal or an upright testimony.

Sino-Tibetan, Sinitic.

Contexte culturel

The word is neutral and safe to use in all contexts. However, in legal settings, '证据' (evidence) is the technical term, while '印证' describes the relationship between evidence.

English speakers use 'corroborate' in similar formal contexts, though 'confirm' is more common in daily speech. '印证' feels slightly more poetic than 'verify'.

Used in academic discussions of the 'Han-Xiongnu War' to show how archaeological finds match Sima Qian's records. Commonly found in the 'Preface to the Orchid Pavilion' (兰亭集序) commentaries regarding the authenticity of the calligraphy. Often used in modern Chinese detective fiction like 'Detective Chinatown' to describe the 'click' moment of solving a case.

Pratique dans la vie réelle

Contextes réels

Scientific Research

实验结果印证假设
数据有力印证
得到科学印证
重复实验以印证

Historical Study

史料互相印证
考古发现印证记载
印证历史真实性
无可印证的孤证

Daily Life / Intuition

印证了我的预感
事实印证了猜测
行动印证了诺言
眼神印证了心情

Legal / Investigation

证据印证证词
多方印证事实
细节印证判断
现场印证报告

Literature / Philosophy

印证了人生哲理
作品印证了时代
内心深处的印证
文字与灵魂的印证

Amorces de conversation

"你有没有过这种经历：你的预感最后被事实印证了？"

"你觉得科学理论一定要通过实验印证吗？"

"在你的生活中，有哪些老话是被你亲身印证过的？"

"当我们看到两份不同的报道互相印证时，你觉得可信度会增加吗？"

"你认为一个人的行动能印证他的真心吗？"

Sujets d'écriture

写一次你的直觉被事实印证的经历。当时你是什么感觉？

讨论一下为什么在历史研究中，不同来源的资料互相印证如此重要。

你学到的哪一个科学原理在你的日常生活中得到了印证？请详细说明。

反思一下：你的朋友的行为是否印证了你对他们的最初印象？

论述“实践是印证真理的唯一标准”这一观点。

Questions fréquentes

10 questions

No, while common in science, it is also used for personal intuition, historical facts, and even daily observations where one thing matches another. For example, 'His smile corroborated his happiness.'

It is better to say 'The fact 印证'ed my idea.' In Chinese, the evidence is usually the subject that performs the action of '印证'ing the abstract idea.

证明 (zhèngmíng) is 'to prove' in any context (like a math proof or an ID card). 印证 (yìnzhèng) specifically means 'to corroborate' or 'to match up with evidence.' Use '印证' when you have two things that fit together.

Yes, it is more formal than '对' (correct) or '证明' (prove). It is frequently found in news, books, and academic writing.

Use it when you have two sources of information that support each other. Example: 'Their stories mutually corroborate' (他们的说法互相印证).

Yes, occasionally it can mean 'corroboration' or 'verification' as a noun, but it is primarily used as a verb.

It implies a strong level of support, but like 'corroborate' in English, it suggests that the evidence aligns with the theory, making it much more likely to be true.

Yes, you can say someone's actions '印证' their feelings (e.g., 'His gift corroborated his love').

Yes, it is common in HSK 5 and HSK 6 reading and writing sections, often in passages about science or history.

The most common is '事实印证了...' (Facts corroborated...) or '得到印证' (To be corroborated).

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