بصعوبة 30秒で
- Expresses that an action was not easy.
- Indicates significant effort or struggle.
- Used as an adverb to modify verbs.
- Common in everyday conversation and writing.
Understanding "بصعوبة" (Bi-Su'ubah)
The Arabic word "بصعوبة" (bi-su'ubah) is an adverb that translates directly to 'with difficulty' or 'with effort.' It's used to describe an action that was performed with a significant amount of struggle, challenge, or exertion. When something is done 'bi-su'ubah,' it implies that it wasn't easy and required overcoming obstacles or considerable persistence.
- Literal Meaning
- Literally, it means 'with difficulty' or 'with hardship'. The preposition 'بـ' (bi-) means 'with', and 'صعوبة' (su'ubah) means 'difficulty'.
- Usage Context
- This adverb is employed when you want to emphasize the struggle involved in an action. It could be a physical struggle, like lifting something heavy, or a mental struggle, like understanding a complex concept. It's also used for situations where achieving something took a long time or required overcoming significant obstacles.
وصل إلى هدفه بصعوبة.
It's a versatile word that can be used in many everyday situations, from describing a difficult exam to a challenging climb. The core idea it conveys is the absence of ease.
Examples in Context:
- When someone is learning a new skill, they might say: "تعلمت القيادة بصعوبة." (I learned to drive with difficulty.) This highlights the effort and practice involved.
- Describing a physical feat: "حمل الصندوق الثقيل بصعوبة." (He carried the heavy box with difficulty.) This emphasizes the physical strain.
- In academic settings: "فهمت الدرس بصعوبة." (I understood the lesson with difficulty.) This suggests the subject matter was complex.
- When facing adversity: "خرج من الأزمة بصعوبة." (He emerged from the crisis with difficulty.) This implies a long and arduous process of recovery.
- Even in simple actions: "فتح الزجاجة بصعوبة." (He opened the bottle with difficulty.) This could be due to a tight lid or weak hands.
By understanding "بصعوبة," you can express a nuanced range of experiences where effort and challenge were key components.
Mastering "بصعوبة" (Bi-Su'ubah) in Arabic Sentences
Using "بصعوبة" (bi-su'ubah) effectively in Arabic sentences is straightforward once you grasp its function as an adverb. It typically follows the verb it modifies, describing the manner in which the action was performed. The key is to place it in a position that clearly indicates the difficulty associated with the preceding verb.
Placement in Sentences:
- After the Verb
- The most common placement is directly after the verb. This creates a clear and direct connection between the action and the difficulty experienced.
نطق الكلمة بصعوبة.
- Modifying the Entire Action
- It can also appear later in the sentence, especially if the verb is followed by an object or other modifiers, but it still refers back to the main action, emphasizing the difficulty of the overall endeavor.
أنهى المشروع بصعوبة بالغة.
Sentence Structures:
- Subject + Verb + بصعوبة + (Object/Complement)
Example: الطفل ركض بصعوبة. (The child ran with difficulty.) - Subject + Verb + (Object/Complement) + بصعوبة
Example: ساعدت صديقي بصعوبة. (I helped my friend with difficulty.) - Using with past tense verbs:
Example: قرأ الكتاب بصعوبة. (He read the book with difficulty.) - Using with present tense verbs (though less common for ongoing difficulty):
Example: هو يحاول فهم النص بصعوبة. (He is trying to understand the text with difficulty.) - Adding emphasis:
You can add words like "بالغة" (baalighah - extreme/great) after "بصعوبة" for stronger emphasis: تجاوز العقبات بصعوبة بالغة. (He overcame the obstacles with extreme difficulty.)
Practicing these structures will help you integrate "بصعوبة" naturally into your Arabic conversations and writing.
Real-World Usage of "بصعوبة" (Bi-Su'ubah)
The adverb "بصعوبة" (bi-su'ubah) is a common and versatile word that you'll encounter frequently in spoken and written Arabic across various contexts. Its presence signals a narrative of effort, challenge, and the overcoming of obstacles.
Everyday Conversations:
In casual conversations, people use "بصعوبة" to describe personal experiences that weren't easy. This could range from a simple task to a significant life event.
- Describing Personal Struggles
- You might hear someone say, "كنت أحاول فتح الباب بصعوبة" (I was trying to open the door with difficulty), perhaps because the lock was stuck. Or, "نجحت في الامتحان بصعوبة" (I passed the exam with difficulty), indicating it was a challenging test.
News and Media:
Journalists and news anchors often use "بصعوبة" to report on events where progress was made despite significant challenges.
- Reporting on Events
- A news report might state, "تمكنت فرق الإنقاذ من الوصول إلى المنطقة بصعوبة بسبب الظروف الجوية" (The rescue teams managed to reach the area with difficulty due to the weather conditions). This highlights the challenging circumstances.
Literature and Storytelling:
In literature, "بصعوبة" is used to build narrative tension and portray characters who are facing adversity.
- Character Development
- A novel might describe a character's journey: "سار البطل في الصحراء بصعوبة، وكان كل خطوة تتطلب منه جهداً هائلاً" (The hero walked in the desert with difficulty, and every step required immense effort from him). This paints a vivid picture of their struggle.
Educational Settings:
In educational materials or classroom discussions, it's used to describe challenging concepts or tasks.
- Academic Contexts
- A teacher might explain, "هذه المسألة الرياضية قد تبدو بصعوبة في البداية، لكن مع التدريب ستصبح أسهل" (This math problem might seem difficult at first, but with practice it will become easier). This acknowledges the initial challenge.
In essence, "بصعوبة" is a signal that an action was not effortless and involved a degree of struggle, making it a crucial word for conveying effort and overcoming challenges in Arabic.
Avoiding Pitfalls: Common Mistakes with "بصعوبة" (Bi-Su'ubah)
While "بصعوبة" (bi-su'ubah) is a relatively straightforward adverb, learners can sometimes make mistakes in its usage. These errors often stem from direct translation from their native language or a misunderstanding of its precise nuance. Being aware of these common pitfalls can significantly improve your accuracy.
1. Overusing "بصعوبة" for Minor Inconveniences:
- Mistake
- Using "بصعوبة" when a simpler description of an action would suffice, or when the difficulty is very minor and doesn't warrant emphasis. For example, saying you opened a door "بصعوبة" when it just had a slightly stiff handle.
- Correction
- Reserve "بصعوبة" for situations where there was a genuine, noticeable effort or challenge involved. For minor inconveniences, a simple verb description is often better. فتحت الباب. (I opened the door.) is usually enough unless the difficulty was significant.
2. Incorrect Placement in the Sentence:
- Mistake
- Placing "بصعوبة" at the beginning of the sentence without proper grammatical structure, or in a position that obscures its meaning. For instance, بصعوبة، أنا أكلت التفاحة. (With difficulty, I ate the apple.) might sound awkward or incorrect.
- Correction
- The most natural placement is after the verb it modifies. أكلت التفاحة بصعوبة. (I ate the apple with difficulty.) is the standard and clearest construction.
3. Confusing "بصعوبة" with Adjectives:
- Mistake
- Treating "بصعوبة" as an adjective that directly describes a noun, rather than an adverb modifying a verb. For example, trying to say something like "هذا عمل بصعوبة" (This is a work of difficulty) as if "بصعوبة" were describing "عمل" (work).
- Correction
- Remember that "بصعوبة" describes *how* an action is done. To describe a difficult task, you would use an adjective like "صعب" (sa'b). For example, هذا عمل صعب. (This is a difficult job.) If you want to say the job was done with difficulty, you'd say أنهى العمل بصعوبة. (He finished the work with difficulty.)
4. Literal Translation from English:
- Mistake
- Directly translating phrases like "It was difficult to..." without considering the Arabic structure. For example, trying to construct a sentence that mirrors English word-for-word.
- Correction
- Think about the Arabic way of expressing difficulty. Often, starting with the verb and then adding "بصعوبة" is the most natural. For instance, instead of a literal translation of "It was difficult to understand," you would say فهمت بصعوبة. (I understood with difficulty.) or كان من الصعب فهمه. (It was difficult to understand it.)
By focusing on the adverbial function of "بصعوبة" and its typical placement after the verb, you can avoid these common errors and use the word with greater confidence and accuracy.
Nuances of Difficulty: Words Similar to "بصعوبة" (Bi-Su'ubah)
While "بصعوبة" (bi-su'ubah) is the most common way to express 'with difficulty,' Arabic offers other words and phrases that convey similar meanings, each with its own subtle shade of emphasis. Understanding these alternatives allows for more precise and varied expression.
1. "بجهد" (Bi-Juhd) - With Effort:
- Meaning and Usage
- This phrase means 'with effort' or 'with exertion.' It is very close to "بصعوبة" but leans more towards emphasizing the physical or mental energy expended, rather than the inherent challenge or struggle. It implies that work was done, and it took energy.
- Comparison
- While "بصعوبة" highlights the obstacle, "بجهد" highlights the action of overcoming it through exertion. For example, حمل الصندوق بجهد. (He carried the box with effort.) focuses on the strength used, whereas حمل الصندوق بصعوبة. (He carried the box with difficulty.) implies the box was heavy or awkward.
2. "بالكاد" (Bil-Kaad) - Barely:
- Meaning and Usage
- This adverb means 'barely,' 'hardly,' or 'scarcely.' It is used when an action was performed to a minimal degree, often just managing to achieve it, implying significant difficulty.
- Comparison
- "بالكاد" emphasizes the narrow margin of success. If someone says وصلت بالكاد. (I arrived barely.), it strongly suggests they almost didn't arrive, implying great difficulty. "بصعوبة" is more general about the effort involved. You might arrive with difficulty but still with a comfortable margin.
3. "عبر المشقة" (Abra Al-Mashaqqah) - Through Hardship:
- Meaning and Usage
- This phrase literally means 'through hardship' or 'through tribulation.' It is a more formal and often more dramatic way to express that something was achieved despite facing significant adversities and challenges.
- Comparison
- This is a more literary or formal expression than "بصعوبة." It implies a prolonged period of struggle and significant suffering. بنى إمبراطوريته عبر المشقة. (He built his empire through hardship.) conveys a grander, more epic struggle than simply saying بنى إمبراطوريته بصعوبة.
4. "بشق الأنفس" (Bi-Shakk Al-Anfus) - With Great Difficulty/With the Soul's Effort:
- Meaning and Usage
- This is a very strong idiom that means 'with extreme difficulty,' 'with great struggle,' or 'with all one's might.' It suggests an action that was so difficult it felt like it was draining one's very soul or life force.
- Comparison
- This is perhaps the closest in intensity to "بصعوبة" but often carries an even stronger connotation of extreme struggle. أخرجت السيارة من الوحل بشق الأنفس. (I got the car out of the mud with extreme difficulty.) implies a monumental effort, possibly more so than simply "بصعوبة." It's a common and expressive phrase.
5. Using Adjectives with "كان" (Kaana - Was):
- Meaning and Usage
- Often, instead of an adverb, Arabic uses the verb "كان" (to be) followed by an adjective to describe the difficulty of a situation or action. The adjective "صعب" (sa'b - difficult) is key here.
- Comparison
- This structure describes the state of being difficult rather than the action being performed with difficulty. For example, كان فهم الدرس صعباً. (Understanding the lesson was difficult.) focuses on the nature of the lesson itself. This is different from فهمت الدرس بصعوبة. (I understood the lesson with difficulty.), which describes the learner's experience.
By understanding these variations, you can express the concept of difficulty with greater precision and richness in your Arabic.
How Formal Is It?
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豆知識
The root ص-ع-ب (s-'-b) is fundamental in Arabic for concepts of hardship. It's related to words that describe things that are not easy to deal with, whether physically, mentally, or situationally. The structure of 'بصعوبة' as a prepositional phrase acting as an adverb is very common in Arabic for expressing manner.
発音ガイド
- Pronouncing the 'sˤ' as a regular 's'.
- Not producing the guttural 'ʕ' sound correctly, often substituting it with a glottal stop or omitting it.
- Pronouncing the vowels too long.
- Misplacing the stress.
難易度
At A1-A2 levels, 'بصعوبة' is encountered in simple sentences and is easy to understand. As learners progress to B1 and B2, its usage becomes more nuanced, appearing in complex sentences and abstract contexts, requiring a slightly higher level of comprehension. By C1-C2, its sophisticated use is expected.
Beginner learners (A1-A2) can use 'بصعوبة' in basic sentence structures. Intermediate learners (B1-B2) will use it more frequently and in varied contexts, needing to be mindful of placement and intensity. Advanced learners (C1-C2) will integrate it seamlessly into sophisticated writing.
Similar to writing, beginners can use it for simple descriptions. Intermediate speakers will incorporate it more naturally into narratives. Advanced speakers will use it fluently to convey precise meanings of struggle and effort.
Easy to recognize in simple contexts (A1-A2). Understanding its nuances in more complex or idiomatic expressions requires higher listening proficiency (B1-C2).
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知っておくべき文法
Adverbs of Manner in Arabic
Adverbs like 'بصعوبة' describe how an action is performed. They often follow the verb they modify. For instance, 'هو كتب الدرس' (He wrote the lesson) vs. 'هو كتب الدرس بصعوبة' (He wrote the lesson with difficulty).
Prepositional Phrases as Adverbs
Many Arabic adverbs are formed using a preposition (like 'بـ') followed by a noun. 'بصعوبة' (with difficulty) is an example of this structure functioning adverbially.
Verb Conjugation
The verb preceding 'بصعوبة' must be conjugated correctly according to the subject and tense. For example, 'أنا أمشي' (I walk), 'هو يمشي' (He walks), 'هي مشت' (She walked).
Word Order
While SVO (Subject-Verb-Object) is common, the adverb 'بصعوبة' typically comes after the verb or at the end of the clause it modifies to clearly indicate the manner of the action.
Intensifiers
Words like 'بالغة' (extreme) can be added after 'بصعوبة' to intensify its meaning, e.g., 'بصعوبة بالغة' (with extreme difficulty).
レベル別の例文
أنا أمشي بصعوبة.
I walk with difficulty.
The adverb 'بصعوبة' follows the verb 'أمشي' (I walk) to describe the manner of walking.
هو يأكل بصعوبة.
He eats with difficulty.
'بصعوبة' modifies the verb 'يأكل' (he eats).
الطفل يبكي بصعوبة.
The child cries with difficulty.
Describing the manner of crying.
أنا أفهم بصعوبة.
I understand with difficulty.
Indicates a struggle in comprehension.
هي تكتب بصعوبة.
She writes with difficulty.
Modifies the verb 'تكتب' (she writes).
نحن نرى بصعوبة.
We see with difficulty.
Describes the effort involved in seeing.
هم يصلون بصعوبة.
They arrive with difficulty.
Indicates a challenging journey.
هو يعمل بصعوبة.
He works with difficulty.
Emphasizes the effort in working.
فتحت الباب بصعوبة.
I opened the door with difficulty.
'بصعوبة' modifies the past tense verb 'فتحت' (I opened).
قرأت الكتاب بصعوبة.
I read the book with difficulty.
Indicates that the reading material was challenging.
الطقس كان بصعوبة.
The weather was difficult.
Here, 'بصعوبة' is used more generally to describe the challenging nature of the weather, implying it made things difficult.
تحدثنا بصعوبة.
We spoke with difficulty.
Implies a difficult conversation or a language barrier.
وجدنا الطريق بصعوبة.
We found the way with difficulty.
Describes a challenging navigation experience.
أنهيت الواجب بصعوبة.
I finished the homework with difficulty.
Highlights the effort required to complete the task.
صعدنا الجبل بصعوبة.
We climbed the mountain with difficulty.
Emphasizes the physical challenge of climbing.
فهمت الدرس بصعوبة.
I understood the lesson with difficulty.
Indicates the lesson was complex or hard to grasp.
تمكنت من إقناعهم بصعوبة.
I managed to convince them with difficulty.
'تمكنت من' (I managed to) combined with 'بصعوبة' emphasizes the arduous nature of persuasion.
تجاوزت العقبات بصعوبة.
I overcame the obstacles with difficulty.
Used for abstract or concrete obstacles requiring significant effort.
كان فهم النكتة بصعوبة.
Understanding the joke was difficult.
This structure uses 'كان' (was) with the adjective 'صعب' (difficult) to describe the situation, conveying a similar meaning to the adverbial form.
وصلنا إلى اتفاق بصعوبة.
We reached an agreement with difficulty.
Describes the challenging process of negotiation.
بدأ المشروع بصعوبة.
The project started with difficulty.
Indicates a challenging beginning for an undertaking.
عالج الطبيب الحالة بصعوبة.
The doctor treated the condition with difficulty.
Highlights the complexity and challenge of the medical treatment.
أكملت المهمة بصعوبة بالغة.
I completed the task with great difficulty.
'بالغة' (great/extreme) intensifies the meaning of 'بصعوبة'.
تأقلمت مع الوضع الجديد بصعوبة.
I adapted to the new situation with difficulty.
Describes the challenge of adjusting to change.
كان إقناع المستثمرين بصعوبة، لكننا نجحنا.
Convincing the investors was difficult, but we succeeded.
Combines the adverbial use of 'بصعوبة' with a narrative of overcoming challenges.
واجهت الشركة تحديات كبيرة، وتغلبت عليها بصعوبة.
The company faced significant challenges and overcame them with difficulty.
Used in a more formal context to describe corporate struggles.
استغرق الأمر وقتاً طويلاً وجهداً كبيراً، ولكن تم إنجاز العمل بصعوبة.
It took a long time and great effort, but the work was accomplished with difficulty.
Emphasizes the arduous process of project completion.
أثرت الأزمة الاقتصادية على القطاع بصعوبة.
The economic crisis affected the sector with difficulty.
Describes the challenging impact of an event on a system.
حاول العلماء فهم الظاهرة بصعوبة بالغة.
The scientists tried to understand the phenomenon with extreme difficulty.
Highlights the intellectual struggle in scientific research.
كانت المفاوضات معقدة، وانتهت بصعوبة.
The negotiations were complex and ended with difficulty.
Describes a challenging diplomatic or business process.
نجحت في الوصول إلى وجهتي بصعوبة بعد رحلة طويلة.
I succeeded in reaching my destination with difficulty after a long journey.
Focuses on the personal achievement after a challenging journey.
تجاوزت الحواجز النفسية بصعوبة لتصبح أقوى.
I overcame psychological barriers with difficulty to become stronger.
Used in the context of personal growth and overcoming mental challenges.
كان استيعاب المفاهيم الفلسفية الجديدة بصعوبة، مما استلزم قراءة متأنية.
Comprehending the new philosophical concepts was difficult, which necessitated careful reading.
Used in an academic context to describe intellectual challenges and the effort required.
أدارت الأزمة السياسية البلاد بصعوبة، محاولةً تحقيق الاستقرار.
The political crisis managed the country with difficulty, attempting to achieve stability.
Describes the arduous task of governing during a crisis.
لقد تمكن الفنان من تجسيد المشاعر المعقدة في لوحاته بصعوبة.
The artist managed to embody complex emotions in his paintings with difficulty.
Highlights the artistic struggle to express profound feelings.
واجهت حركة الإصلاح الاجتماعي معارضة شديدة، وتقدمت بصعوبة.
The social reform movement faced strong opposition and progressed with difficulty.
Describes the slow and challenging progress of social movements.
كان فهم دوافع الشخصيات التاريخية بصعوبة، مما يتطلب تحليلاً معمقاً.
Understanding the motivations of historical figures was difficult, requiring in-depth analysis.
Used in historical analysis to describe the challenge of interpreting past actions.
أدت الظروف الاقتصادية المتردية إلى إنعاش السوق بصعوبة.
Deteriorating economic conditions led to the market recovering with difficulty.
Describes the challenging process of economic recovery.
استطاع الناجون النجاة من الكارثة بصعوبة بالغة، تاركين وراءهم ذكريات مؤلمة.
The survivors managed to escape the disaster with extreme difficulty, leaving painful memories behind.
Emphasizes the immense struggle for survival in a catastrophic situation.
حاولت الدولة تحقيق التوازن بين التنمية الاقتصادية وحماية البيئة بصعوبة.
The state struggled to achieve a balance between economic development and environmental protection.
Describes the complex challenge of policy-making with competing interests.
كان فك رموز النصوص القديمة بصعوبة، إلا أن المثابرة أدت إلى اكتشافات هامة.
Deciphering the ancient texts was difficult, yet perseverance led to important discoveries.
Used in academic or historical contexts to denote the arduous process of scholarly research and its eventual rewards.
أدارت الحكومة الانتقالية البلاد بصعوبة بالغة، متجاوزةً انقسامات عميقة.
The transitional government managed the country with extreme difficulty, overcoming deep divisions.
Conveys the immense challenge of governing a fractured nation during a transition period.
لقد استطاع المؤلف أن يعكس تعقيدات التجربة الإنسانية في روايته بصعوبة.
The author managed to reflect the complexities of the human experience in his novel with difficulty.
Highlights the profound artistic and intellectual effort required to capture nuanced aspects of human life.
واجهت حركة التحرر الوطني مقاومة شرسة، وتقدمت بصعوبة عبر عقود من النضال.
The national liberation movement faced fierce resistance and progressed with difficulty through decades of struggle.
Describes the long and arduous journey of significant historical movements.
كان فهم الأبعاد الأخلاقية للقضية بصعوبة، مما استدعى نقاشات مستفيضة.
Understanding the ethical dimensions of the issue was difficult, necessitating extensive discussions.
Used in ethical or philosophical discourse to describe the challenge of grasping complex moral considerations.
أدت التحديات التكنولوجية إلى تطوير التقنية بصعوبة، لكن النتائج فاقت التوقعات.
Technological challenges led to the development of the technology with difficulty, but the results exceeded expectations.
Describes the arduous path of innovation and the eventual breakthrough.
استطاع الناجون من تلك الحقبة التاريخية أن يعيدوا بناء حياتهم بصعوبة بالغة، حاملين ندوب الماضي.
The survivors of that historical era managed to rebuild their lives with extreme difficulty, carrying the scars of the past.
Conveys the profound and lasting struggle of rebuilding after immense historical trauma.
حاولت الحضارة تحقيق التوازن بين التقدم المادي والروحاني بصعوبة عبر العصور.
Civilization struggled to achieve a balance between material and spiritual progress throughout the ages.
Used in historical or sociological analysis to describe the persistent and complex challenges faced by societies.
よく使う組み合わせ
よく使うフレーズ
— With extreme difficulty; with great struggle.
لقد نجح في الامتحان بصعوبة بالغة، ولم يكن يتوقع ذلك.
— Managed to do something with difficulty; barely succeeded.
تمكن من إنهاء المهمة في الوقت المحدد بصعوبة.
— It was difficult; the matter was challenging.
كان الأمر بصعوبة كبيرة، لكننا حاولنا.
— Exerted effort with difficulty; struggled to put in effort.
كان يبذل جهداً بصعوبة لكي يتعلم.
— Living with difficulty; struggling to make a living.
يعيش الكثير من الناس بصعوبة في هذه الظروف.
— Surviving with difficulty; struggling to survive.
بعد الكارثة، كان على الناجين البقاء على قيد الحياة بصعوبة.
よく混同される語
While both relate to effort, 'بجهد' emphasizes the exertion or energy expended, whereas 'بصعوبة' focuses on the inherent challenge or struggle. 'بجهد' can sometimes imply a more positive effort, while 'بصعوبة' highlights the obstacle.
'بالكاد' means 'barely' and implies a very narrow margin of success, often due to extreme difficulty. 'بصعوبة' is more general about the difficulty itself, not necessarily implying a near-failure.
'صعب' is an adjective meaning 'difficult' and describes a noun (e.g., 'درس صعب' - a difficult lesson). 'بصعوبة' is an adverb describing how an action is performed (e.g., 'فهمت الدرس بصعوبة' - I understood the lesson with difficulty).
慣用句と表現
— With extreme difficulty; with great struggle; with the soul's effort. This idiom emphasizes an almost insurmountable level of difficulty.
لقد أخرجنا السيارة من الوحل بشق الأنفس.
Informal to Neutral— Through hardship; overcoming tribulation. This phrase is more formal and often used to describe a long and arduous journey or struggle.
لقد بنى إمبراطوريته عبر المشقة.
Formal— With extreme difficulty; with great hardship. This is an intensified version of 'بصعوبة'.
تمكن من الوصول إلى القمة بصعوبة بالغة.
Neutral— It was not an easy matter; it was difficult. This is a common way to express that something was challenging without directly using the adverb 'بصعوبة'.
كان إقناعه لم يكن بالأمر الهين.
Neutral— Great effort; strenuous exertion. Similar to 'بجهد كبير', it emphasizes the immense effort put into something.
بذل جهداً جهيداً للنجاح.
Formal— Endured hardship; suffered greatly. This implies suffering through difficult times.
لقد كابد المشقة في شبابه.
Formal— Barely; hardly; scarcely. This implies that an action was just managed, often due to difficulty.
وصل بالكاد قبل أن يغلق الباب.
Neutral— The state of extreme difficulty or struggle. Can be used as a noun phrase.
كانت الحياة شق الأنفس في تلك الأيام.
Informal to Neutral— Suffered the hardship; went through a difficult experience.
لقد قاسى الأمر كثيراً قبل أن يصل إلى حل.
Neutral— It did not come easily. This is a common way to express that something was achieved through difficulty.
لم تأتِ هذه الفرصة بسهولة.
Neutral間違えやすい
Both relate to exerting energy or facing challenges.
'بصعوبة' highlights the obstacle and the struggle to overcome it. 'بجهد' emphasizes the physical or mental energy put into an action. You might carry a heavy box 'بصعوبة' (because it's heavy) and 'بجهد' (because it requires strength).
حمل الحقيبة بصعوبة لأنها ثقيلة. (He carried the bag with difficulty because it was heavy.) حمل الحقيبة بجهد لأنه كان قوياً. (He carried the bag with effort because he was strong.)
Both imply that an action was not easy and success was marginal.
'بالكاد' means 'barely' and focuses on the narrowness of success, often implying that failure was close. 'بصعوبة' focuses on the effort and struggle involved, regardless of how narrow the margin of success was. You might finish a race 'بصعوبة' but still win, whereas finishing 'بالكاد' might mean you came in last.
وصلت إلى المحطة بصعوبة. (I reached the station with difficulty - maybe I was tired or it was far.) وصلت إلى المحطة بالكاد. (I reached the station barely - implying I almost missed the train.)
Both words relate to the concept of difficulty.
'صعب' is an adjective describing a noun (e.g., 'هذا واجب صعب' - This is a difficult homework). 'بصعوبة' is an adverb describing how an action is performed (e.g., 'أنهيت الواجب بصعوبة' - I finished the homework with difficulty).
الامتحان كان صعباً. (The exam was difficult - adjective.) حللت الامتحان بصعوبة. (I solved the exam with difficulty - adverb.)
This word is very similar in meaning to 'بصعوبة'.
'بمشقة' often implies hardship, toil, or suffering, leaning more towards a state of enduring difficulty. 'بصعوبة' is a more general term for anything that is not easy. While often interchangeable, 'بمشقة' can sometimes suggest a more prolonged or severe struggle.
كانت حياتهم بمشقة. (Their life was one of hardship.) فتح الزجاجة بصعوبة. (He opened the bottle with difficulty - a specific action.)
Both express overcoming challenges.
'عبر المشقة' is a more formal and literary phrase meaning 'through hardship.' It typically refers to overcoming significant, prolonged adversity or a series of difficult events. 'بصعوبة' is a more direct adverb for a single action done with difficulty.
بنى وطنه عبر المشقة. (He built his nation through hardship - implying a long, arduous process.) وصل إلى هدفه بصعوبة. (He reached his goal with difficulty - describing the manner of reaching it.)
文型パターン
Subject + Verb + بصعوبة
أنا أدرس بصعوبة.
Subject + Verb + بصعوبة
هو ينام بصعوبة.
Subject + Verb + Object + بصعوبة
وجدنا المفتاح بصعوبة.
Subject + Verb + بصعوبة
تحدثنا بصعوبة.
Subject + Verb + بصعوبة + بالغة
أنهى المشروع بصعوبة بالغة.
كان + Subject + بصعوبة
كان فهم النص بصعوبة.
Subject + Verb + بصعوبة, [conjunction] + Clause
تمكن من الفوز بصعوبة، لكنه كان سعيداً.
Introductory Phrase + Subject + Verb + بصعوبة
رغم كل التحديات، تقدمت بصعوبة نحو هدفي.
語族
名詞
形容詞
関連
使い方
High
-
Using 'بصعوبة' when 'بسهولة' (easily) is more appropriate.
→
Use 'بسهولة' for actions that are effortless.
Learners might overuse 'بصعوبة' to describe actions that are actually quite simple, leading to an inaccurate or overly dramatic description. Always consider if the action truly involved significant effort.
-
Confusing the adverb 'بصعوبة' with the adjective 'صعب'.
→
Use 'صعب' to describe nouns (e.g., 'واجب صعب') and 'بصعوبة' to describe verbs (e.g., 'أنهيت الواجب بصعوبة').
Treating 'بصعوبة' as an adjective that modifies a noun is a common error. Remember its function is to describe *how* an action is performed.
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Incorrect sentence placement, e.g., placing it before the verb without proper structure.
→
Place 'بصعوبة' after the verb it modifies, or at the end of the clause.
While some adverbs can be placed differently for emphasis, the most natural and common position for 'بصعوبة' is after the verb, clearly linking it to the action.
-
Using 'بصعوبة' for very minor inconveniences.
→
Reserve 'بصعوبة' for actions that genuinely required noticeable effort or struggle.
Overusing 'بصعوبة' can dilute its meaning. If opening a door was only slightly stiff, simply saying 'فتحت الباب' might be sufficient, unless the stiffness was remarkable.
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Directly translating English phrases like 'It was difficult to...' without considering Arabic sentence structure.
→
Rephrase to fit Arabic patterns, often verb + بصعوبة or كان + صعب + noun.
Literal translations can lead to awkward or incorrect Arabic. For example, instead of 'It was difficult to understand,' say 'فهمت بصعوبة' (I understood with difficulty) or 'كان فهمه صعباً' (Understanding it was difficult).
ヒント
Master the Emphatic 'S' and Guttural 'Ain'
The sound 'صˤ' (emphatic s) and 'ع' (voiced pharyngeal fricative) are crucial for correct pronunciation. Practice these sounds separately and then combine them in 'بصعوبة'. Listen to native speakers and try to imitate them closely.
Placement Matters
Remember that 'بصعوبة' functions as an adverb. It typically follows the verb it modifies, clearly indicating the manner of the action. Avoid placing it at the beginning of a sentence unless it's for specific stylistic emphasis and grammatically sound.
Build Your 'Difficulty' Lexicon
Learn related terms like 'بجهد', 'بالكاد', and 'بشق الأنفس'. Understanding these nuances will allow you to express degrees and types of difficulty with greater precision and richness.
Visual Associations
Create strong visual links. Imagine someone struggling to climb a very steep hill, or trying to lift a heavy boulder. Connecting the word 'بصعوبة' to these vivid images will aid recall.
Use it Actively
The best way to learn is by using the word. Try to incorporate 'بصعوبة' into your daily Arabic practice, whether in speaking, writing, or even just thinking sentences to yourself.
Understand the Cultural Value
In many Arabic-speaking cultures, perseverance through difficulty is highly valued. Using 'بصعوبة' can sometimes imply respect for the effort and character of the person involved.
Distinguish from Adjectives
Always remember that 'بصعوبة' is an adverb describing actions. If you want to describe a thing as difficult, use the adjective 'صعب'.
Describe Your Learning Journey
Think about your own language learning process. What aspects have been difficult? Use 'بصعوبة' to describe your struggles and triumphs in learning Arabic!
Regular Review
Periodically review the definition, common phrases, and synonyms of 'بصعوبة' to keep the word fresh in your memory and ensure accurate usage.
暗記しよう
記憶術
Imagine trying to climb a very steep, slippery hill ('صعوبة' sounds a bit like 'slippery'). You are moving very slowly and struggling with every step – that's 'بصعوبة' (bi-su'ubah). You're doing it 'with difficulty.'
視覚的連想
Picture someone struggling to lift a very heavy boulder. Sweat is dripping, their muscles are strained, and they are making very slow progress. This visual directly represents the meaning of 'بصعوبة'.
Word Web
チャレンジ
Try to describe three things you did today that were difficult, using the word 'بصعوبة' in your sentences. For example, 'I woke up بصعوبة this morning.' or 'I understood the new topic بصعوبة.'
語源
The word 'صعوبة' (su'ubah) is derived from the root ص-ع-ب (s-'-b), which relates to difficulty, hardness, and toughness. The preposition 'بـ' (bi-) means 'with.' Therefore, 'بصعوبة' literally means 'with difficulty.' This root is ancient and found in classical Arabic.
元の意味： The core meaning relates to something being hard to overcome, break, or achieve.
Semitic文化的な背景
While 'بصعوبة' describes difficulty, it's important to use it appropriately. Overusing it for minor inconveniences might sound like complaining. However, in contexts of genuine struggle, it can evoke empathy and respect.
In English-speaking cultures, while difficulty is acknowledged, the emphasis might sometimes be more on finding 'easy ways' or 'shortcuts.' In Arabic contexts, the struggle itself is often a valued part of the narrative of success.
実生活で練習する
実際の使用場面
Describing a difficult task or activity.
- أنهى العمل بصعوبة.
- تعلمت القيادة بصعوبة.
- وصلت إلى القمة بصعوبة.
Expressing personal struggles or challenges.
- فهمت الدرس بصعوبة.
- تجاوزت مخاوفي بصعوبة.
- عيشت حياتي بصعوبة.
Reporting on events where progress was slow or arduous.
- تمكنت فرق الإنقاذ من الوصول بصعوبة.
- تقدمت المفاوضات بصعوبة.
- بدأ التعافي بصعوبة.
Narrating a challenging journey or experience.
- وصلت إلى وجهتي بصعوبة.
- كانت الرحلة بصعوبة.
- عشت تجربة بصعوبة.
Discussing complex subjects or concepts.
- استيعاب المادة كان بصعوبة.
- فهم الفكرة بصعوبة.
- شرحت المفهوم بصعوبة.
会話のきっかけ
"What was something you did today that was difficult?"
"Can you tell me about a time you achieved something with great effort?"
"How do you describe things that are hard to do in Arabic?"
"When you learn something new, do you sometimes find it difficult?"
"What are some words that mean 'difficult' or 'with effort' in Arabic?"
日記のテーマ
Write about a time you had to overcome a significant obstacle. Use 'بصعوبة' to describe the process.
Describe a skill you learned that was challenging. How did you learn it, and what difficulties did you face?
Reflect on a situation where you had to persevere despite difficulties. How did you feel during and after?
Imagine you are writing a story about a character facing a major challenge. How would you use 'بصعوبة' to show their struggle?
Think about a goal you are currently working towards. Is it difficult? How are you approaching it, and what challenges do you anticipate?
よくある質問
10 問The literal translation of 'بصعوبة' is 'with difficulty.' It's formed from the preposition 'بـ' (bi-), meaning 'with,' and the noun 'صعوبة' (su'ubah), meaning 'difficulty.'
You should use 'بصعوبة' whenever you want to describe an action that was not easy and required a significant amount of effort, struggle, or overcoming of obstacles. It modifies verbs to explain how the action was performed.
'بصعوبة' is a versatile word that can be used in both formal and informal contexts. It is common in everyday conversation, news reports, literature, and academic writing.
While most commonly used with past and present tense verbs to describe actions that have happened or are happening with difficulty, you can theoretically use it with future tense verbs if you are describing an anticipated action that you expect to be difficult. For example, 'أتوقع أن أواجه هذا التحدي بصعوبة.' (I expect to face this challenge with difficulty.)
'صعب' (sa'b) is an adjective meaning 'difficult' and describes nouns (e.g., 'درس صعب' - a difficult lesson). 'بصعوبة' (bi-su'ubah) is an adverb meaning 'with difficulty' and describes verbs (e.g., 'فهمت بصعوبة' - I understood with difficulty).
Yes, there are several related words and phrases such as 'بجهد' (with effort), 'بالكاد' (barely), 'بشق الأنفس' (with extreme difficulty), and 'عبر المشقة' (through hardship), each carrying slightly different nuances.
The pronunciation is approximately 'bi-SU-'u-bah,' with the stress on the second syllable. Key sounds include the emphatic 'sˤ' and the guttural 'ʕ'.
Yes, you can intensify 'بصعوبة' by adding words like 'بالغة' (extreme/great), making it 'بصعوبة بالغة' (with extreme difficulty).
Virtually any action can be described as 'بصعوبة' if it involved significant effort or challenge. This includes physical actions (lifting, walking), mental actions (understanding, learning), social interactions (convincing, negotiating), and even abstract concepts (progressing, recovering).
A common mistake is confusing it with the adjective 'صعب' or misplacing it in the sentence. It's important to remember it's an adverb modifying a verb and usually follows it.
自分をテスト 10 問
/ 10 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
The Arabic adverb "بصعوبة" (bi-su'ubah) signifies that an action was performed with considerable effort, challenge, or struggle, highlighting the absence of ease. It's a versatile word used to describe anything from physical exertion to intellectual hurdles, emphasizing the arduous nature of an undertaking.
- Expresses that an action was not easy.
- Indicates significant effort or struggle.
- Used as an adverb to modify verbs.
- Common in everyday conversation and writing.
Master the Emphatic 'S' and Guttural 'Ain'
The sound 'صˤ' (emphatic s) and 'ع' (voiced pharyngeal fricative) are crucial for correct pronunciation. Practice these sounds separately and then combine them in 'بصعوبة'. Listen to native speakers and try to imitate them closely.
Context is Key
Think about the specific type of difficulty. Is it physical exertion, mental strain, or a challenging situation? This will help you choose the most appropriate context for using 'بصعوبة' and differentiate it from similar words.
Placement Matters
Remember that 'بصعوبة' functions as an adverb. It typically follows the verb it modifies, clearly indicating the manner of the action. Avoid placing it at the beginning of a sentence unless it's for specific stylistic emphasis and grammatically sound.
Build Your 'Difficulty' Lexicon
Learn related terms like 'بجهد', 'بالكاد', and 'بشق الأنفس'. Understanding these nuances will allow you to express degrees and types of difficulty with greater precision and richness.
関連コンテンツ
sportsの関連語
ألعب
A1私は毎日サッカーをします。
الفوز
A1勝利、あるいは勝つこと。'試合での勝利は、チームの努力の結果です。'
الخسارة
A1損失または敗北。
أربح
A2私は試合や競技で勝ちます。
إصابة
A2身体の一部に対する物理的な損傷や怪我。
بامتياز
B1他の人よりもずっと上手に、際立って物事を行うことです。
باستمرار
A1何かが止まることなく、何度も繰り返される様子です。
بدني
A1身体に関する、肉体的な。例えば：体育（身体教育）。
بذكاء
A1頭をうまく使って、賢く物事を行うことです。
بطل
A1チャンピオンやヒーロー。また、物語の主人公でもあります。
