يخطر 30秒で
- Officially inform or notify someone of important information.
- Used in formal contexts like legal, administrative, or official announcements.
- Implies a deliberate act of conveying significant news.
- Often paired with the preposition 'بـ' (bi) to introduce the subject of notification.
The Arabic verb يخطر (yakhṭur) is a versatile term primarily meaning 'to notify,' 'to inform,' or 'to officially tell someone something.' It implies a formal or deliberate act of conveying information. You'll often encounter this verb in contexts where official communication is taking place, such as in legal matters, administrative procedures, or important announcements. It suggests that the information being conveyed is significant and intended to be received and acknowledged by the recipient. Unlike more casual ways of sharing information, يخطر carries a sense of officialdom and purpose.
- Core Meaning
- To officially inform or notify someone.
- Usage Contexts
- Legal notices, official announcements, administrative communications, formal warnings, important updates.
The government will notify citizens about the new regulations.
Consider the nuance: while you might casually 'tell' a friend something, you would 'notify' them of an important meeting. The verb يخطر fits the latter scenario. It's about making sure someone is aware of something officially or with a degree of seriousness. This is particularly relevant in situations where a lack of notification could have consequences. For instance, a landlord might notify a tenant of a rent increase, or a company might notify its employees of a change in policy. The act of notifying is a formal step in many processes.
- Formal Communication
- This verb is inherently linked to formal communication channels and intentional information dissemination. It is not typically used for casual conversations.
- Legal and Administrative Use
- In legal and administrative contexts, يخطر signifies a required action to inform a party of their rights, obligations, or of a legal proceeding.
The court will notify the defendant of the hearing date.
Using يخطر correctly involves understanding its grammatical structure and the prepositions it commonly pairs with. The verb typically takes an object, which is the person or entity being notified, and often requires a preposition like 'بـ' (bi) to introduce the thing being notified about. The structure often looks like: 'Subject + يخطر + Object + بـ + Information.' For example, 'The manager will notify the employees of the meeting' would be 'سيخطر المدير الموظفين بالاجتماع' (Sayukhṭir al-mudīr al-muwaẓẓafīn bil-ijtimāʿ).
- Basic Structure
- The most common form is to notify someone *of* something. This uses the preposition 'بـ' (bi). For example: 'He notified me of the news' - أخطرني بالخبر (akhṭaranī bil-khabar).
The company notified its customers about the product recall.
The verb يخطر is often used in the past tense (أخطر - akhṭara) or present tense (يخطر - yakhṭur). It can also be used in the imperative form. When referring to a passive notification, the passive form 'يُخطر' (yukhṭar) is used, meaning 'to be notified.' For instance, 'The employee was notified of his dismissal' would be 'تم إخطار الموظف بفصله' (Tamma ikhṭār al-muwaẓẓaf bi-fiṣlihi) or 'أُخطر الموظف بفصله' (Ukhṭira al-muwaẓẓaf bi-fiṣlihi). Pay attention to the subject and object in your sentences to ensure correct verb conjugation and pronoun usage.
- Passive Voice
- The passive form 'يُخطر' (yukhṭar) means 'to be notified.' Example: 'The message was notified to him' - أُخطر بالرسالة (Ukhṭira bil-risāla).
- Imperative Form
- The imperative form is 'أَخْطِرْ' (akhṭir), meaning 'Notify!' Example: 'Notify the authorities immediately!' - أخطر السلطات فوراً! (Akhṭir al-sulṭāt fawran!).
Please notify us of any changes.
You'll most commonly hear يخطر in formal settings and official communications. Think about news reports discussing legal proceedings, government announcements, or official business correspondence. For instance, a news anchor might say, 'The ministry will notify the public of the new travel restrictions.' Similarly, in a workplace, a manager might send an email stating, 'We need to notify all staff about the upcoming training session.' Legal documents frequently use this verb to ensure parties are officially informed of their rights, obligations, or court dates.
- Official Announcements
- Government bodies, companies, and organizations use يخطر when making official statements or informing the public about important matters.
The police will notify the family of the incident.
In administrative contexts, such as universities or hospitals, you might hear or read: 'Students will be notified of their exam results by email,' or 'Patients will be notified if there are any changes to their appointments.' This verb emphasizes the official nature of the communication. It's not just a casual mention; it's a formal act of making someone aware. Even in everyday life, if you're expecting an important delivery or a scheduled service, the company might notify you of the exact time or any delays. The key is the official or important nature of the information being conveyed.
- Legal and Judicial Settings
- Courts, lawyers, and law enforcement agencies use this verb extensively for official summons, warnings, and notifications of legal proceedings.
- Business and Administration
- In business, it's used for informing employees, clients, or stakeholders about important company news, policy changes, or upcoming events.
The contract states that we must notify you 30 days in advance.
One of the most common mistakes learners make with يخطر is using it in informal contexts where a simpler verb like 'يقول' (yaqūl - to say) or 'يخبر' (yukhbir - to inform, but often less formal than يخطر) would be more appropriate. For example, saying 'أخطرني صديقي بالخبر' (Akhṭaranī ṣadīqī bil-khabar - My friend notified me of the news) sounds overly formal and unnatural for a casual conversation between friends. It's better to use 'أخبرني صديقي بالخبر' or even 'قال لي صديقي الخبر' (Qāla lī ṣadīqī al-khabar - My friend told me the news).
- Overly Formal Usage
- Using يخطر for casual notifications between friends or family members. Example: 'I will notify you about dinner' is too formal; 'I will tell you about dinner' is more natural.
Incorrect: I will notify my mom I'm coming home.
Another mistake is neglecting the preposition 'بـ' (bi) when it's required. While sometimes context can imply the meaning, it's generally best to include it for clarity. Saying 'أخطرني الخبر' (Akhṭaranī al-khabar) without 'بـ' can sound awkward. The correct structure is 'أخطرني بالخبر' (Akhṭaranī bil-khabar). Also, learners might confuse يخطر with verbs that mean 'to come to mind' or 'to occur,' such as 'يخطر ببالي' (yakhṭur bi-bālī - it occurs to me). While they share a root, their meanings and grammatical constructions are distinct.
- Missing Preposition
- Forgetting to use the preposition 'بـ' (bi) after the object when specifying what is being notified about. Correct: 'He notified them of the decision' - أخطرهم بالقرار (akhṭarahum bil-qarār).
- Confusing with 'Occurs To Mind'
- Mistaking يخطر for the phrase 'يخطر ببالي' (yakhṭur bi-bālī), which means 'it comes to my mind.' The verb يخطر (in the sense of notifying) is transitive and requires an object being informed, whereas 'يخطر ببالي' is intransitive and describes a thought appearing.
Incorrect: The teacher notified the student the answer.
While يخطر (yakhṭur) specifically means to officially notify or inform, several other Arabic words convey related meanings, each with its own nuance and register. The most common alternative is يُخبر (yukhbir), which means 'to inform' or 'to tell.' يُخبر is generally less formal than يخطر and can be used in a wider range of situations, from casual conversations to more formal announcements. For instance, you might يُخبر a friend about your plans, but you would يخطر an employee about a policy change.
- يُخبر (yukhbir) - To inform/tell
- More general and less formal than يخطر. Suitable for both casual and semi-formal contexts. Example: 'I informed him about the meeting' - أخبرته عن الاجتماع (akhbartuhu ʿan al-ijtimāʿ).
- يُعلم (yuʿlim) - To inform/make aware
- Similar to يُخبر, but can also imply making someone aware of a fact or situation. Often used in official contexts but can be broader. Example: 'The sign informed people about the danger' - اللافتة علّمت الناس بالخطر (al-lāfitah ʿallamat al-nās bil-khaṭar).
The instructor informed the students of the exam schedule.
Another related word is يُعلِم (yuʿlim), meaning 'to inform' or 'to make aware.' This verb is also quite common and can be used in both formal and semi-formal settings. It often implies conveying knowledge or making someone conscious of something. For example, 'The teacher informed the students about the homework' - علّم المعلم الطلاب بالواجب (ʿallama al-muʿallim al-ṭullāb bil-wājib). A more general verb is يقول (yaqūl), meaning 'to say' or 'to tell.' This is the most basic and informal option, used for simple statements. For instance, 'He told me he was tired' - قال لي إنه متعب (Qāla lī innahu mutʿab). When you want to emphasize the official or serious nature of the communication, يخطر is the most precise choice.
- يقول (yaqūl) - To say/tell
- The most basic and informal verb for conveying speech. Used for any direct statement. Example: 'He said hello' - قال مرحباً (qāla marḥaban).
- يُبلغ (yuballigh) - To convey/report
- Often used for conveying messages, reports, or news, especially from one person to another or from an authority. It can be quite formal. Example: 'The messenger conveyed the message' - بلّغ الرسول الرسالة (ballagha al-rasūl al-risāla).
He informed me of the new policy.
How Formal Is It?
豆知識
Interestingly, the same root 'خ ط ر' also gives us the word 'خَطَر' (khaṭar), meaning 'danger' or 'risk.' This connection highlights that what is often 'notified' or 'informed' about is something of significance or potential danger. So, when you are notified, it's often about something that matters.
発音ガイド
- Pronouncing the 'kh' sound as a regular 'k' or 'h'.
- Not emphasizing the 'ṭ' sound correctly, making it sound like a regular 't'.
- Adding an unnecessary stress on the first syllable.
- Omitting the final short vowel sound.
難易度
Understanding 'يخطر' in reading requires recognizing its formal context and specific grammatical structures, particularly the use of prepositions. It's common in formal texts but less so in casual dialogue.
Accurate writing with 'يخطر' involves correct conjugation, appropriate use of prepositions like 'بـ', and understanding when to use the passive or verbal noun forms. Overuse in informal contexts is a common pitfall.
Using 'يخطر' correctly in speech means choosing the right moment for formal communication. Learners might default to less formal verbs, so consciously applying 'يخطر' in appropriate situations is key.
Recognizing 'يخطر' in spoken Arabic requires a good ear for formal registers. It's often heard in news broadcasts, official announcements, or formal discussions.
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The use of the preposition 'بـ' (bi) with verbs of informing.
أخطرني بالخبر. (He notified me of the news.) The preposition 'بـ' is commonly used to introduce the subject of notification.
Passive voice construction with 'تم' or verb conjugation.
تم إخطار الموظفين. (The employees were notified.) OR أُخطر الموظفون. (The employees were notified.)
Future tense formation with 'سـ' or 'سوف'.
سأخطرهم غداً. (I will notify them tomorrow.)
Imperative verb forms for commands.
أخطر الجهات المختصة! (Notify the relevant authorities!)
Subjunctive mood after particles like 'أن'.
يجب أن نخطرهم. (We must notify them.)
レベル別の例文
سيخطرني المدير بالموعد الجديد.
The manager will notify me of the new appointment.
Future tense verb 'سيخطر' (sayukhṭir - will notify) used with a direct object pronoun 'ني' (nī - me) and preposition 'بـ' (bi) to introduce the thing being notified about.
هل أخطرتم العائلة بالخبر؟
Did you notify the family of the news?
Past tense verb 'أخطرتم' (akhṭartum - you (plural) notified) used in a question, with the preposition 'بـ' (bi) and the noun 'الخبر' (al-khabar - the news).
تم إخطار جميع الموظفين بالتغييرات.
All employees were notified of the changes.
Passive construction 'تم إخطار' (tamma ikhṭār - notification was done) is common for passive notifications. Preposition 'بـ' (bi) is used.
يجب أن تخطرني فوراً إذا حدث شيء.
You must notify me immediately if something happens.
Imperative-like structure 'يجب أن تخطرني' (yajibu an tukhṭirnī - you must notify me), followed by an adverb 'فوراً' (fawran - immediately) and a conditional clause.
أخطرني صديقي بالوقت.
My friend notified me of the time.
Past tense verb 'أخطرني' (akhṭaranī - he notified me) with the preposition 'بـ' (bi) and the object 'الوقت' (al-waqt - the time).
هل وصلك إخطار بالبريد؟
Did you receive a notification by mail?
Noun form 'إخطار' (ikhṭār - notification) derived from the verb. Used here with the preposition 'بـ' (bi).
سيخطروننا بالنتيجة غداً.
They will notify us of the result tomorrow.
Future tense verb 'سيخطروننا' (sayukhṭirūnanā - they will notify us) with the preposition 'بـ' (bi) and the noun 'النتيجة' (al-natījah - the result).
أنا بحاجة لأن تخطرني بأي تغيير.
I need you to notify me of any change.
'بحاجة لأن تخطرني' (bi-ḥājah li-an tukhṭirnī - I need you to notify me). This construction emphasizes the requirement for notification.
تقوم الشركة بإخطار عملائها بعروض جديدة.
The company notifies its customers of new offers.
Present tense verb 'تقوم بإخطار' (taqūmu bi-ikhṭār - carries out notification) is a common way to express ongoing actions. 'بعروض' (bi-ʿurūḍ - of offers).
طلب المحامي من الموكل أن يخطر المحكمة بموقفه.
The lawyer asked the client to notify the court of his position.
The verb 'يخطر' (yakhṭur) is used here in the subjunctive mood after 'أن' (an). The preposition 'بـ' (bi) introduces 'موقفه' (mawqifihi - his position).
يتم إخطار جميع المسافرين بالتأخير قبل موعد الرحلة.
All passengers are notified of the delay before the flight time.
Passive construction 'يتم إخطار' (yattim ikhṭār - notification is done) is another frequent way to express passive voice. 'بالتأخير' (bil-taʾkhīr - of the delay).
كان من الضروري أن نخطرهم بالتغيير في الجدول الزمني.
It was necessary for us to notify them of the change in the schedule.
'كان من الضروري أن نخطرهم' (kāna min al-ḍarūrī an nukhṭirahum - it was necessary for us to notify them). This structure emphasizes obligation.
سيتم إخطار الفائزين بالمسابقة عبر البريد الإلكتروني.
The winners of the competition will be notified via email.
Future passive 'سيتم إخطار' (sayatimmu ikhṭār - notification will be done). 'عبر البريد الإلكتروني' (ʿabra al-barīd al-iliktrūnī - via email) specifies the method.
أخطرني المسؤول عن عدم قبول طلبي.
The official notified me of the rejection of my application.
Past tense 'أخطرني' (akhṭaranī - he notified me). 'عن عدم قبول طلبي' (ʿan ʿadam qubūl ṭalabī - of the non-acceptance of my application). Note the use of 'عن' here, which is also possible though 'بـ' is more common.
من واجبنا أن نخطر السلطات بأي مخالفة.
It is our duty to notify the authorities of any violation.
'من واجبنا أن نخطر' (min wājibinā an nukhṭir - it is our duty to notify). This highlights a moral or legal obligation.
لقد أخطرناهم كتابياً بجميع الشروط.
We have officially notified them in writing of all the conditions.
Past perfect tense 'لقد أخطرناهم' (laqad akhṭarnāhum - we have notified them). 'كتابياً' (kitābiyyan - in writing) emphasizes the formal method.
تقتضي اللوائح إخطار جميع الأطراف المعنية قبل اتخاذ أي قرار.
Regulations require notifying all concerned parties before making any decision.
The verbal noun 'إخطار' (ikhṭār - notification) is used as the subject of the sentence, governed by 'تقتضي' (taqtaḍī - requires). 'بالق' (bil-q - of any).
لم يتم إخطار الموظفين بالاجتماع الطارئ إلا بعد فوات الأوان.
The employees were not notified of the emergency meeting until it was too late.
Negative passive construction 'لم يتم إخطار' (lam yattim ikhṭār - notification was not done). 'إلا بعد فوات الأوان' (illā baʿda fawāt al-awān - until it was too late) indicates a missed opportunity for notification.
يجب على الشركة إخطار الهيئات التنظيمية بأي تغييرات جوهرية في عملياتها.
The company must notify regulatory bodies of any material changes in its operations.
Modal verb 'يجب على' (yajibu ʿalā - must) followed by the infinitive-like structure with the verbal noun 'إخطار' (ikhṭār). 'بأي تغييرات جوهرية' (bi-ayyi taghyīrāt jawhariyyah - of any material changes).
أُخطر المدعى عليه رسمياً بالدعوى القضائية المرفوعة ضده.
The defendant was officially notified of the lawsuit filed against him.
Passive past tense 'أُخطر' (ukhṭira - was notified). 'رسمياً' (rasmiyyan - officially) emphasizes the formal nature of the notification. 'بالدعوى القضائية' (bil-daʿwā al-qaḍāʾiyyah - of the lawsuit).
تتلخص مسؤولية الوسيط في إخطار الطرفين بأي عرض مقبول.
The broker's responsibility is summarized in notifying both parties of any acceptable offer.
Verbal noun 'إخطار' (ikhṭār - notification) used as part of the predicate. 'بأي عرض مقبول' (bi-ayyi ʿarḍin maqbūl - of any acceptable offer).
كان من المتوقع أن يخطرنا الموردون بموعد التسليم المتوقع.
It was expected that the suppliers would notify us of the expected delivery date.
'كان من المتوقع أن يخطرنا' (kāna min al-mutawaqqaʿ an yukhṭiranā - it was expected that they would notify us). This construction expresses an expectation that was not met.
يُحظر على أي شخص إخطار الجهات غير المختصة بمعلومات سرية.
It is forbidden for any person to notify unauthorized parties of confidential information.
'يُحظر على' (yuḥẓaru ʿalā - it is forbidden for). The verb 'إخطار' (ikhṭār) is used as the subject of the prohibition. 'بمعلومات سرية' (bi-maʿlūmāt sirriyyah - of confidential information).
لقد قمنا بإخطار السلطات المحلية بالحادث على الفور.
We have notified the local authorities of the incident immediately.
'قمنا بإخطار' (qumnā bi-ikhṭār - we carried out notification) is a formal way to express an action. 'بالحادث' (bil-ḥādith - of the incident). 'على الفور' (ʿalā al-fawr - immediately).
تتطلب الإجراءات القانونية إخطار جميع الورثة رسمياً بوجود الوصية.
Legal procedures require officially notifying all heirs of the existence of the will.
The verbal noun 'إخطار' (ikhṭār) is the object of 'تتطلب' (tataṭallabu - requires). 'بوجود الوصية' (bi-wujūd al-waṣiyyah - of the existence of the will).
إن عدم إخطار الموظفين بالتغييرات القادمة يعد خرقاً للعقد.
The failure to notify employees of upcoming changes is a breach of contract.
The negative verbal noun 'عدم إخطار' (ʿadam ikhṭār - failure to notify) acts as the subject. 'يعد خرقاً للعقد' (yuʿaddu kharqa lil-ʿaqd - is considered a breach of contract).
يُشكل إخطار الجمهور بالمخاطر المحتملة جزءاً أساسياً من إدارة الأزمات.
Notifying the public of potential risks constitutes a fundamental part of crisis management.
Verbal noun 'إخطار' (ikhṭār) as the subject. 'بالمخاطر المحتملة' (bil-makhāṭir al-muḥtamalah - of potential risks). 'جزءاً أساسياً' (juzʾan asāsiyyan - a fundamental part).
تم إخطار الجهات المعنية بالخروقات الأمنية التي تم رصدها.
The relevant authorities were notified of the security breaches that were detected.
Passive past tense 'تم إخطار' (tamma ikhṭār - notification was done). 'بالخروقات الأمنية' (bil-khurūqāt al-amniyyah - of the security breaches).
ينبغي على البنك إخطار العملاء بأي نشاط مشبوه في حساباتهم.
The bank should notify customers of any suspicious activity in their accounts.
'ينبغي على' (yanbaghī ʿalā - should). 'إخطار العملاء' (ikhṭār al-ʿumalāʾ - notifying customers). 'بأي نشاط مشبوه' (bi-ayyi nashāṭin mashbūh - of any suspicious activity).
لقد أُخطرنا كتابياً بتعليق المفاوضات.
We have been notified in writing of the suspension of negotiations.
Passive past tense 'أُخطرنا' (ukhṭirnā - we were notified). 'كتابياً' (kitābiyyan - in writing). 'بتعليق المفاوضات' (bi-taʿlīq al-mufāwaḍāt - of the suspension of negotiations).
لا يمكن إغفال أهمية إخطار المستخدمين بسياسات الخصوصية المحدثة.
The importance of notifying users of updated privacy policies cannot be overlooked.
'لا يمكن إغفال' (lā yumkinu ighfāl - cannot be overlooked). 'أهمية إخطار المستخدمين' (ahammiyyat ikhṭār al-mustakhdimīn - the importance of notifying users). 'بسياسات الخصوصية' (bi-siyāsāt al-khuṣūṣiyyah - of privacy policies).
تم إخطار العمال ببدء الإضراب عن العمل.
The workers were notified of the start of the strike.
'تم إخطار' (tamma ikhṭār - notification was done). 'ببدء الإضراب' (bi-badʾ al-iḍrāb - of the start of the strike).
تتطلب المعايير الدولية إخطاراً رسمياً لجميع الجهات المعنية بانتهاك البروتوكولات.
International standards require official notification to all concerned parties of the violation of protocols.
Verbal noun 'إخطاراً' (ikhṭāran - notification) used as the object of 'تتطلب' (tataṭallabu - requires). 'بانتهاك البروتوكولات' (bi-intihāk al-brōtōkōlāt - of the violation of protocols).
إن التقصير في إخطار المستثمرين بالمخاطر الكامنة يشكل خرقاً لالتزامات الإفصاح.
The failure to notify investors of the inherent risks constitutes a breach of disclosure obligations.
'التقصير في إخطار' (al-taqṣīr fī ikhṭār - the failure to notify). 'بالمخاطر الكامنة' (bil-makhāṭir al-kāminah - of the inherent risks). 'التزامات الإفصاح' (iltizāmāt al-ifṣāḥ - disclosure obligations).
تُعدّ آلية إخطار الجمهور بالتحذيرات الصحية جزءاً لا يتجزأ من منظومة الصحة العامة.
The mechanism for notifying the public of health warnings is an integral part of the public health system.
'آلية إخطار' (āliyyat ikhṭār - mechanism of notification). 'بالتحذيرات الصحية' (bil-taḥdhīrāt al-ṣiḥḥiyyah - of health warnings). 'جزءاً لا يتجزأ' (juzʾan lā yatajazzaʾ - an integral part).
أُخطرنا من قبل ممثل الشركة بأن الصفقة قد تم إلغاؤها.
We were notified by the company representative that the deal had been canceled.
Passive past tense 'أُخطرنا' (ukhṭirnā - we were notified). 'بأن الصفقة قد تم إلغاؤها' (bi-anna al-ṣafqah qad tamma ilghāʾuhā - that the deal had been canceled).
إن واجب المحامي إخطار موكله بجميع التطورات القانونية.
It is the lawyer's duty to notify his client of all legal developments.
'واجب المحامي إخطار' (wājib al-muḥāmī ikhṭār - the lawyer's duty to notify). 'بجميع التطورات القانونية' (bi-jamīʿ al-taṭawwurāt al-qānūniyyah - of all legal developments).
لقد تم التأكيد على ضرورة إخطار الجهات الرقابية بجميع المخاطر المحتملة.
The necessity of notifying the supervisory authorities of all potential risks has been emphasized.
'تم التأكيد على ضرورة' (tamma al-taʾkīd ʿalā ḍarūrat - the necessity has been emphasized). 'إخطار الجهات الرقابية' (ikhṭār al-jihāt al-raqābiyyah - notifying the supervisory authorities). 'بجميع المخاطر المحتملة' (bi-jamīʿ al-makhāṭir al-muḥtamalah - of all potential risks).
يُعتبر إخطار المستخدمين بشروط الخدمة الجديدة أمراً إلزامياً.
Notifying users of the new terms of service is considered mandatory.
Verbal noun 'إخطار' (ikhṭār) as the subject. 'بشروط الخدمة الجديدة' (bi-shurūṭ al-khidmah al-jadīdah - of the new terms of service). 'أمراً إلزامياً' (amran ilzamiyyan - a mandatory matter).
أُحيط علماً بقرار الشركة بتعليق الإنتاج.
I was informed of the company's decision to suspend production.
Idiomatic passive phrase 'أُحيط علماً بـ' (uḥīṭa ʿilman bi - I was informed of / made aware of), which is a highly formal way to express being notified. It's related to the meaning of 'يخطر' but is a fixed expression.
よく使う組み合わせ
よく使うフレーズ
よく混同される語
This phrase means 'it comes to my mind' or 'it occurs to me.' It uses the same root but is a fixed expression with a different meaning and grammatical structure. 'يخطر' as a verb meaning 'to notify' is transitive and requires an object being informed, whereas 'يخطر ببالي' is intransitive and describes a thought appearing.
'يُخبر' (yukhbir) means 'to inform' or 'to tell.' It is more general and less formal than 'يخطر'. While both mean to convey information, 'يخطر' specifically implies an official or formal notification, whereas 'يُخبر' can be used in casual conversations as well.
'يُعلِم' (yuʿlim) also means 'to inform' or 'to make aware.' It is similar to 'يُخبر' and can be used in formal contexts, but 'يخطر' often carries a stronger sense of official requirement or legal obligation.
慣用句と表現
— It occurs to me; it comes to mind. (Note: This is a different usage of the root, but often confused by learners).
فجأة، خطر ببالي فكرة رائعة.
Common— A notification from the sky (figurative); an unexpected, often divine or miraculous, notification or revelation.
لم أتوقع هذا النجاح، كان كأنه إخطار من السماء.
Figurative/Literary— To be notified of dismissal; to be fired.
للأسف، أُخطر العديد من الموظفين بفصلهم بسبب الأزمة الاقتصادية.
Formal/Workplace— To notify politely; to inform gently.
حاول إخطاره بلطف بأن موعده قد انتهى.
Polite/Formal— No need to notify; notification is not required.
في هذه الحالة، لا حاجة للإخطار المسبق.
Practical/Informal— Notification of the situation; an update on the status.
ننتظر إخطاراً بالوضع الحالي للمشروع.
Informal/Professional— Mandatory written notification; a binding written notice.
يشترط العقد تقديم إخطار كتابي ملزم في حال أي نزاع.
Legal/Formal— To submit a notification; to give notice.
يجب تقديم إخطار قبل أسبوعين من الاستقالة.
Formal/Workplace間違えやすい
Both verbs mean to convey information.
'يُخبر' is a more general term for informing or telling and can be used in both casual and formal settings. 'يخطر' specifically denotes an official or formal notification, often implying a significant piece of information or a required procedure. Think of 'yukhbir' as 'to tell' and 'yakhṭur' as 'to officially notify/inform'.
أخبرت صديقي بالخطة (I told my friend about the plan - casual). أخطرنا الموظفين بقرار الشركة (We notified the employees of the company's decision - formal).
Both verbs mean to inform or make someone aware.
'يُعلِم' can be used broadly to make someone aware of something. 'يخطر' is more specific to a formal notification, often carrying legal or administrative weight. While 'يُعلِم' can be formal, 'يخطر' is almost always formal and implies a deliberate act of informing someone of something important or required.
علّمتني المعلمة القاعدة (The teacher informed me of the rule - neutral). تم إخطارنا بالتغييرات (We were notified of the changes - formal).
All three verbs involve conveying information.
'يُبلغ' often means to convey a message or report, especially from one person to another or from an authority. It can be quite formal. 'يخطر' is specifically about official notification, often implying a formal announcement or a required communication. 'يُبلغ' can sometimes be more about relaying a message, while 'يخطر' is about formally informing.
بلّغ الرسول الخبر (The messenger conveyed the news). أخطرناهم بانتهاء المهلة (We notified them of the deadline's expiry).
Both involve drawing attention to something.
'يُنبّه' means to alert or warn, often about a potential danger or issue. It's about drawing immediate attention. 'يخطر' is about formally informing someone of something, which may or may not be a warning, but it's always a formal act of conveying information.
نبهني إلى الخطر (He alerted me to the danger). أخطرني بالموعد (He notified me of the appointment).
Shares the same root and initial sound.
This is a common point of confusion. 'يخطر' (as in 'to notify') is a transitive verb that requires an object being informed. 'يخطر ببالي' is an idiomatic phrase meaning 'it comes to my mind' or 'it occurs to me.' It is intransitive and describes a thought appearing spontaneously.
خطر ببالي فكرة (An idea came to my mind). أخطرني بالقرار (He notified me of the decision).
文型パターン
Subject + سيخطر + Object + بـ + Information.
المعلم سيخطر الطلاب بالواجب.
هل + أخطر + Subject + Object + بـ + Information؟
هل أخطر الأب ابنه بالموعد؟
تم + إخطار + Object + بـ + Information.
تم إخطار الجميع بالتغييرات.
يجب على + Subject + إخطار + Object + بـ + Information.
يجب على الشركة إخطار العملاء.
لقد + أخطر + Subject + Object + بـ + Information.
لقد أخطرناهم كتابياً بالشروط.
يجب + أن + يخطر + Subject + Object + بـ + Information.
يجب أن نخطر السلطات فوراً.
تقتضي + noun + إخطار + Object + بـ + Information.
تقتضي اللوائح إخطار الأطراف المعنية.
عدم + إخطار + Object + بـ + Information + يُعدّ + noun.
عدم إخطار الموظفين بالتغييرات يُعدّ خرقاً.
語族
名詞
動詞
関連
使い方
Medium-High in formal contexts, Low in informal contexts.
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Using 'يخطر' for casual conversations.
→
Using 'يُخبر' or 'يقول' for informal communication.
Learners might overuse 'يخطر' because it translates to 'to inform'. However, 'يخطر' implies a formal, official notification. For casual chats, 'أخبرني' (akhbirnī - tell me) or 'قال لي' (qāla lī - he told me) are more appropriate.
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Forgetting the preposition 'بـ'.
→
Always using 'بـ' to introduce the subject of notification.
A common error is to omit the preposition 'بـ' after 'يخطر'. For example, saying 'أخطرني الخبر' instead of the correct 'أخطرني بالخبر'. The preposition clarifies what is being notified.
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Confusing 'يخطر' with 'يخطر ببالي'.
→
Understanding that 'يخطر' (to notify) is transitive and 'يخطر ببالي' (it comes to mind) is an idiomatic phrase.
The similarity in sound leads to confusion. 'يخطر' (to notify) requires an object receiving the notification. 'يخطر ببالي' describes a thought appearing in one's mind and does not take a direct object in the same way.
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Incorrect verb conjugation or passive voice.
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Using the correct verb form for the subject, tense, and voice (active/passive).
Mistakes can occur in conjugating 'يخطر' for different subjects or in forming the passive voice correctly. For example, using the singular form for a plural subject or incorrectly forming the passive 'أُخطر' or 'يُخطر'.
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Using the verbal noun 'إخطار' in informal contexts.
→
Using 'إخطار' in formal writing or speech where a noun form is needed.
While 'إخطار' (notification) is the correct noun, using it in a casual conversation would be too formal. For example, saying 'أريد إخطارك' (I want to notify you) is formal, whereas 'أريد أن أخبرك' (I want to tell you) is more common for informal situations.
ヒント
Preposition 'بـ'
Remember that 'يخطر' is frequently followed by the preposition 'بـ' (bi) to specify what is being notified. For instance, 'أخطرني بالموعد' (He notified me of the appointment). This is a key grammatical pattern to master.
Formal Situations
Reserve 'يخطر' for formal settings like official announcements, legal matters, or administrative communications. Using it in casual conversation would sound unnatural and overly serious.
Distinguish from 'يُخبر'
Understand the nuance between 'يخطر' (official notification) and 'يُخبر' (general informing/telling). Choosing the correct verb depends on the formality of the situation.
Emphatic 'ṭ'
Pay attention to the emphatic 'ṭ' sound in 'يخطر'. It's a distinct sound from a regular 't' and is crucial for accurate pronunciation. Practice the difference between 'ت' and 'ط'.
Connect to 'Notice'
Link the Arabic verb 'يخطر' to the English word 'notice' or 'notify.' Both have similar sounds and convey the idea of official communication, which can aid memory.
Active vs. Passive
Be aware of both active ('يخطر' - to notify) and passive ('أُخطر' - to be notified) forms. The passive is very common, especially in official reports where the focus is on who received the notification.
Root Connection
Remember the root 'خ ط ر' (kh-ṭ-r) is also related to 'danger' (خَطَر). This connection can help you recall that notifications are often about matters of importance or potential risk.
Sentence Building
Actively construct sentences using 'يخطر' in various tenses and forms. Practice writing official-sounding notifications to solidify your understanding and usage.
Cultural Nuance
Understand that formal communication is highly valued in many Arabic-speaking cultures. 'يخطر' reflects this value by emphasizing official and respectful information exchange.
Avoid Overuse
While important, 'يخطر' is not for every situation. Avoid using it for casual 'telling.' Stick to 'يُخبر' or 'يقول' for informal contexts to maintain naturalness in your Arabic.
暗記しよう
記憶術
Imagine a king who needs to 'notify' his entire kingdom of a new decree. He sends out royal messengers who 'kh-ṭar' (خطَر - danger, risk) through the land, carrying the important message. The 'kh-ṭar' sound reminds you of the verb and its formal, important nature.
視覚的連想
Picture a formal scroll with a red wax seal being handed to someone by a serious-looking official. The scroll contains the 'notification.' You can also visualize a loud alarm bell ringing to 'notify' everyone of an emergency.
Word Web
チャレンジ
Try to use 'يخطر' in three sentences describing official announcements: one about a company policy change, one about a legal proceeding, and one about a public safety alert. Ensure you use the correct prepositions and context.
語源
The verb 'أخطر' (akhṭara) is derived from the Arabic root 'خ ط ر' (kh-ṭ-r). This root carries meanings related to 'danger,' 'risk,' 'significance,' and 'coming to mind.' The act of notifying is often about bringing something important or potentially dangerous to someone's attention.
元の意味： The core idea relates to something significant or dangerous that 'occurs' or 'comes to mind' and therefore needs to be brought to someone's attention.
Semitic languages文化的な背景
The use of 'يخطر' is generally neutral, but the context determines sensitivity. Notifying someone of a dismissal or a legal charge is inherently sensitive. The verb itself is formal and direct, so its application should be considered carefully based on the emotional weight of the information being conveyed.
In English-speaking cultures, 'notify' is also used for formal communication, often in legal or official contexts. However, the Arabic 'يخطر' can sometimes carry a stronger sense of officialdom and a more direct implication of legal or administrative consequence than its English counterpart in everyday use.
実生活で練習する
実際の使用場面
Legal and Judicial Proceedings
- إخطار بالدعوى القضائية
- إخطار رسمي للمدعى عليه
- إخطار بالموعد المحدد للمحاكمة
- يجب إخطار جميع الأطراف المعنية
Business and Administration
- إخطار الموظفين بالتغييرات
- إخطار العملاء بالعروض الجديدة
- إخطار رسمي بانتهاء العقد
- سيتم إخطاركم بالنتائج
Government and Public Announcements
- إخطار الجمهور بالمخاطر
- إخطار السلطات المحلية بالحادث
- سيتم إخطار المواطنين بالقرارات الجديدة
- إخطار عاجل للصحة العامة
Personal Formal Communication
- أود إخطاركم بأنني سأتغيب
- يرجى إخطاري بأي تأخير
- تم إخطاري بالموعد
- تحتاج إلى إخطارهم كتابياً
Academic and Educational Settings
- إخطار الطلاب بالجدول الدراسي
- سيتم إخطارهم بنتيجة الامتحان
- إخطار بالغياب
- يجب إخطار الإدارة بأي مشكلة
会話のきっかけ
"Have you ever had to officially notify someone about something important in Arabic?"
"What's the difference between 'yukhbir' and 'yakhṭur' when informing someone?"
"Can you think of a situation where it's crucial to use 'yakhṭur' instead of a simpler verb?"
"How do official notifications differ in your culture compared to how they might be done using 'yakhṭur'?"
"What are some common scenarios where you might hear or use the verb 'yakhṭur'?"
日記のテーマ
Describe a time you received an important official notification. How did it make you feel, and what was the purpose of the notification?
Imagine you are responsible for notifying a large group of people about a significant change. What steps would you take, and what Arabic vocabulary would you use, focusing on 'yakhṭur'?
Reflect on the importance of clear and formal communication. How does the verb 'yakhṭur' contribute to this in Arabic?
Write a short scenario where a misunderstanding occurs because someone failed to 'yakhṭur' (notify) another person properly. What were the consequences?
Compare and contrast the feeling of being casually told something versus being officially 'yukhṭar' (notified) about it. What does this difference in communication convey?
よくある質問
10 問The primary difference lies in formality and context. 'يُخبر' (yukhbir) is a general verb meaning 'to inform' or 'to tell' and can be used in both casual and formal situations. 'يخطر' (yakhṭur) specifically denotes an official or formal notification, often implying a significant piece of information, a legal requirement, or an administrative procedure. Think of 'يُخبر' as 'to tell' and 'يخطر' as 'to officially notify'.
The passive form is used when the focus is on the recipient of the notification, rather than the person or entity doing the notifying. Common passive forms include 'تم إخطار...' (notification was done...) or the conjugated passive verb 'أُخطر' (was notified) or 'يُخطر' (is notified). For example, 'تم إخطار الموظفين بالتغييرات' (The employees were notified of the changes).
While not always strictly mandatory in every single instance across all dialects and contexts, the preposition 'بـ' (bi) is very commonly used with 'يخطر' to introduce the specific information being notified about. It clarifies what the notification pertains to. Examples include 'أخطرني بالموعد' (He notified me of the appointment) or 'إخطار بالقرار' (notification of the decision). It's best practice to use it for clarity.
Generally, no. 'يخطر' is reserved for formal or official contexts. For casual notifications like telling a friend about a party, you would use verbs like 'يُخبر' (yukhbir - to inform/tell), 'يقول' (yaqūl - to say), or 'يعزم' (yaʿzim - to invite). Using 'يخطر' in such a context would sound overly formal and out of place.
The most common noun is 'إخطار' (ikhṭār), which means 'notification.' Other related nouns include 'مُخطِر' (mukḥṭir - the one who notifies) and 'مُخطَر' (mukḥṭar - the one who is notified).
Yes, it is! The Arabic root for both 'يخطر' (to notify) and 'خَطَر' (khaṭar - danger/risk) is 'خ ط ر'. This connection highlights that official notifications are often about matters of significance or potential danger, emphasizing the importance of being informed.
The pronunciation is 'yakh-TUR'. The 'kh' is a guttural sound like in Scottish 'loch'. The 'ṭ' is an emphatic 't', pronounced further back in the mouth. The stress is on the second syllable: yakh-TUR.
Yes, a common one is 'يخطر ببالي' (yakhṭur bi-bālī), which means 'it comes to my mind' or 'it occurs to me.' This is a different meaning from the verb 'to notify' but uses the same root. In formal contexts, 'أُحيط علماً بـ' (uḥīṭa ʿilman bi - I was informed of) is a very formal way to express being notified.
Both mean 'notification' or 'notice.' 'إخطار' (ikhṭār) is generally used for more formal, official, or legal notifications. 'إشعار' (ishʿār) can also be formal but is often used for general notices, announcements, or alerts, such as a 'notice board' (لوحة إعلانات / لوحة إشعارات) or an 'email notification' (إشعار بريد إلكتروني).
Certainly. A common example is: 'تم إخطار المدعى عليه بالدعوى القضائية المرفوعة ضده.' (The defendant was notified of the lawsuit filed against him.) Here, 'يخطر' (in its passive past form) signifies a crucial legal procedure.
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Summary
The Arabic verb 'يخطر' (yakhṭur) signifies the act of officially notifying or informing someone, particularly about matters of importance or official concern. It is distinct from casual 'telling' and is frequently used in legal, administrative, and formal communication settings.
- Officially inform or notify someone of important information.
- Used in formal contexts like legal, administrative, or official announcements.
- Implies a deliberate act of conveying significant news.
- Often paired with the preposition 'بـ' (bi) to introduce the subject of notification.
Preposition 'بـ'
Remember that 'يخطر' is frequently followed by the preposition 'بـ' (bi) to specify what is being notified. For instance, 'أخطرني بالموعد' (He notified me of the appointment). This is a key grammatical pattern to master.
Formal Situations
Reserve 'يخطر' for formal settings like official announcements, legal matters, or administrative communications. Using it in casual conversation would sound unnatural and overly serious.
Distinguish from 'يُخبر'
Understand the nuance between 'يخطر' (official notification) and 'يُخبر' (general informing/telling). Choosing the correct verb depends on the formality of the situation.
Emphatic 'ṭ'
Pay attention to the emphatic 'ṭ' sound in 'يخطر'. It's a distinct sound from a regular 't' and is crucial for accurate pronunciation. Practice the difference between 'ت' and 'ط'.
例文
سيخطرونك بالنتائج قريبًا.
関連コンテンツ
communicationの関連語
أعتقد
A2それは素晴らしいアイデアだと思います。
أعتذر
A2遅れて申し訳ありません。
اعتذر
A2謝る、謝罪する。辞退する。
عَفْوًا
A2どういたしまして；すみません；失礼します。
عفوًا
A1どういたしまして (ありがとうへの返事)。
على الرغم من ذلك
B1それにもかかわらずとは、何か起こったとしても、他のことが依然として真実であることを意味します。
عذر
A1行動や欠席に対する言い訳または正当化。
عذراً
A1すみません。注意を引いたり、軽い謝罪をしたりするときに使われます。
نصيحة
B1助言やアドバイス。
افهم
A1物事の意味をしっかり把握すること。概念や状況を理解するように促す時に使います。
