A1 · 初級 チャプター 12

Possessive Power: Mine, Yours, Ours

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このチャプターのルール クイック練習

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Master the art of claiming what is yours and understanding ownership in Bulgarian.

  • Identify possessive adjectives and pronouns.
  • Apply gender and number agreement to your sentences.
  • Ask and answer questions about ownership using 'Чий' and 'На'.
Claim your world with Bulgarian possessives.

学べること

Learn how to express possession using possessive pronouns and adjectives. This chapter helps you indicate ownership and relationships.

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: correctly use possessive adjectives to describe personal items.

ヒントとコツ (4)

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Gender Check

Always check the last letter of the noun. If it's a consonant, it's likely masculine. If it's -а or -я, it's feminine.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Possessive Adjectives (Мой, Твой, Негов)
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Gender Check

Always look at the last letter of the noun. Consonant = Masc, -а/-я = Fem, -о/-е = Neut.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Agreement of Possessive Adjectives
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Check the verb

Always check if the object is singular (е) or plural (са).
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Using 'На' for Possession (На кого е?)
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The Mirror Rule

If the subject is the owner, use 'си'. If not, use a possessive adjective.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Possessive Reflexive Pronoun 'Си'

重要な語彙 (5)

мой my твой your чий whose книга book приятел friend

Real-World Preview

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Finding a lost item

Review Summary

  • Adj + Noun
  • Noun + Verb + Pronoun

よくある間違い

You need the definite article suffix when the pronoun stands alone or refers to a specific object.

Wrong: Моя книга е тук.
正解: Моята книга е тук.

Do not use 'на' with personal pronouns like 'мен' to show possession; use the possessive adjective instead.

Wrong: Това е книга на мен.
正解: Това е моята книга.

The question word 'Чий' must also agree with the gender of the object being asked about.

Wrong: Чий е тази маса?
正解: Чия е тази маса?

Next Steps

You've done an amazing job! Keep practicing and soon it will feel like second nature.

Label items in your room with sticky notes using possessives

Continue to: Demonstratives: This, That, These, Those

クイック練習 (10)

Fill in the correct possessive.

Това е ___ (my) кола.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: моята
Cola is feminine.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Possessive Adjectives (Мой, Твой, Негов)

Fill in the blank.

Това е ___ (my) стол.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: моят
Стол is masculine.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Agreement of Possessive Adjectives

Select the correct form.

___ (your) телефон е тук.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Твоят
Telefon is masculine.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Possessive Adjectives (Мой, Твой, Негов)

Choose the correct sentence.

Which sentence is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Той си мие ръцете
Correct reflexive possessive usage.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Possessive Reflexive Pronoun 'Си'

Choose the correct sentence.

Which is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Книгата е на Иван.
Standard word order.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Using 'На' for Possession (На кого е?)

Correct the mistake.

Find and fix the mistake:

Чий е тази чанта?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Чия е тази чанта?
Chanta is feminine.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Asking 'Whose is this?' (Чий е?)

Fill in the blank.

Това е ___ стол. (my)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: моят
Стол is masculine.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Possessive Pronouns (Моят, Твоят, Неговият)

Fix the error.

Find and fix the mistake:

Моят кола е червена.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Моята кола
Кола is feminine.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Possessive Pronouns (Моят, Твоят, Неговият)

Fill in the blank with 'е' or 'са'.

Книгата ___ на Иван.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: е
Kнигата is singular.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Using 'На' for Possession (На кого е?)

Correct the sentence.

Find and fix the mistake:

Ключовете е на Мария.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Ключовете са на Мария.
Plural object needs plural verb.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Using 'На' for Possession (На кого е?)

Score: /10

よくある質問 (6)

Bulgarian is a gendered language. The possessive must match the noun's gender.
A short, unstressed word like 'ми' that attaches to the noun.
Bulgarian is a highly inflected language. Possessives must agree with the noun's gender and number.
Generally, consonants are masculine, -а/-я are feminine, and -о/-е are neuter.
Bulgarian possessives are adjectives, so they must agree with the noun's gender.
Use the plural form (e.g., 'моите') for all genders.
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Prepositions of Place & Direction
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Demonstratives: This, That, These, Those
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