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B1 noun 9分で読める

der Matsch

例文 der Matsch 30秒で
解説 der Matsch in your Level:
At the A1 level, you only need to know that 'der Matsch' means wet dirt or slushy snow. It is a masculine word: 'der Matsch'. You might see it in simple stories about children playing outside. If it rains a lot, the ground becomes 'Matsch'. You should remember the sentence: 'Die Kinder spielen im Matsch.' This means 'The children are playing in the mud.' It is a very physical word. Think of it like the color brown and the feeling of water mixed with earth. You don't need to know complicated grammar for it yet, just that it is 'der' and it is messy. If you see snow that is melting and looks dirty on the street, that is also 'Matsch'. It is not a 'nice' word, but children love it! You can also remember 'matschig', which is the adjective. 'Der Apfel ist matschig' means the apple is soft and bad. Focus on these simple uses first.
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At the A2 level, you can start using 'der Matsch' in more descriptive sentences about weather and clothing. You will learn about 'Gummistiefel' (rubber boots) and why we need them when there is 'Matsch'. You should be able to describe a walk: 'Gestern hat es geregnet, deshalb gab es viel Matsch im Wald.' You also start to see compound words. A very important one for German culture is 'die Matschhose'. These are waterproof pants for kids. If you live in Germany, you will see this word in every kindergarten. You should also know that 'Matsch' is a non-count noun. You say 'viel Matsch' (much mud), not 'viele Matsche'. Practice the dative case with it: 'In dem (im) Matsch'. For example: 'Mein Hund liebt es, im Matsch zu laufen.' This level is about connecting the word to daily life and basic weather descriptions.
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At the B1 level, you should understand the difference between 'Matsch', 'Schlamm', and 'Dreck'. 'Matsch' is specifically the wet, squishy kind of dirt. You can use it to talk about travel problems: 'Der Zug hatte Verspätung, weil Schneematsch auf den Gleisen lag.' You also start to use it for food that has lost its texture. If you cook pasta for too long, it becomes 'matschig'. You can also use it in more complex sentence structures, like using 'trotz' (despite): 'Trotz des Matsches sind wir wandern gegangen.' This shows you can handle the genitive case ('des Matsches'). You might also encounter it in idioms like 'zu Matsch fahren', which means to crush something completely. At this level, you should feel comfortable using the word in both literal (weather, ground) and slightly metaphorical (food, tired brain) contexts.
At the B2 level, you should be able to use 'der Matsch' with more nuance and in more varied registers. You might use it to describe the atmosphere of a scene in a story: 'Die trostlose Landschaft bestand nur aus grauem Himmel und braunem Matsch.' You should also be aware of regional variations, like 'die Matsche', and know that 'der Matsch' is the standard. You can use the word to discuss environmental issues, such as soil erosion or the effects of heavy rain on agriculture. 'Die heftigen Regenfälle haben den Acker in eine einzige Matschfläche verwandelt.' You should also be familiar with more sophisticated synonyms like 'Morast' or 'Sumpf' and know when 'Matsch' is too informal. For example, in a newspaper article about a flood, 'Schlammmassen' is more likely than 'Matsch'. However, in a commentary about a poorly managed political situation, a journalist might use 'Matsch' to emphasize the messy, disorganized nature of the event.
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At the C1 level, you use 'der Matsch' and its derivatives with native-like precision. You understand the subtle onomatopoeia of the word—the 'tsch' sound mimicking the sound of stepping into mud. You can use it metaphorically to describe a person's mental state after a long day: 'Nach zehn Stunden Arbeit war mein Gehirn nur noch Matsch.' You also recognize it in literature where it might represent decay, formlessness, or the primal state of nature. You can discuss the word's etymology (from Low German) and how it relates to English 'mash'. Your vocabulary includes specific compounds like 'Schneematsch', 'Reifenmatsch', or 'Obstmatsch', and you use them effortlessly. You can also distinguish between the literal physical property and the social connotations (e.g., the 'Matsch-Kultur' of German parenting vs. the avoidance of 'Matsch' in formal business settings).
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At the C2 level, 'der Matsch' is a tool for stylistic expression. You might use it in a poem or a high-level essay to evoke a specific sensory disgust or a raw, earthy reality. You understand how the word functions within the broader system of German aesthetics—how 'Matsch' contrasts with 'Ordnung' (order). You can engage in deep cultural analysis, such as why the 'Matschhose' is a symbol of German pedagogical pragmatism. You are aware of how 'Matsch' can be used in slang to describe someone who is high or drunk ('voll matsch sein'). You can manipulate the word's phonetic qualities in speech to emphasize the unpleasantness of a situation. Your mastery is such that you can use the word in any context—from a technical discussion about soil consistency to a satirical critique of a messy bureaucracy—always choosing the exact right shade of meaning and register.
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例文

der Matsch 30秒で

  • Der Matsch is a masculine German noun meaning mud or slush.
  • It commonly refers to wet ground or melting snow in winter.
  • It can describe mushy food like overripe fruit or overcooked pasta.
  • Culturally, it's linked to outdoor play and specialized gear like 'Matschhosen'.

The German noun der Matsch refers to a soft, wet, and often sticky substance, most commonly formed when soil or earth is mixed with water. In English, we would typically translate this as 'mud' or 'slush' depending on the weather conditions. It captures that specific tactile sensation of something that has lost its solid form and become a thick, semi-liquid mass. While 'Schlamm' is a more technical or deeper word for mud, Matsch often carries a slightly more informal, everyday connotation, frequently used when talking about the state of the ground after rain or when snow begins to melt on the streets.

Physical State
It describes the intermediate state between solid ground and liquid water, often characterized by a squelching sound when stepped upon.
Snow Context
When snow melts and mixes with road salt and dirt, it becomes 'Schneematsch' (slush), a common grievance for German commuters in winter.
Culinary Metaphor
If vegetables or fruits are overcooked or bruised until they lose their shape, they are described as 'matschig' (mushy).

Pass auf, wo du hintrittst, dort vorne ist tiefer Matsch.

In Germany, the word is ubiquitous in the context of childhood. You will almost certainly hear parents talking about Matschhosen (mud pants) or Matschküchen (mud kitchens). These are waterproof overalls that children wear so they can play freely in the wet earth without ruining their clothes. This reflects a cultural emphasis on outdoor play, regardless of the weather. The word evokes a sense of messiness that is either playful (for children) or annoying (for adults cleaning their shoes). It is not just about dirt; it is about the consistency. If you drop a strawberry and step on it, the result is Erdbeermatsch. It implies a loss of structural integrity.

Nach dem Tauwetter war die ganze Straße voller braunem Matsch.

Furthermore, Matsch can be used figuratively. If someone's brain feels 'mushy' due to tiredness, they might say their head is 'Matsch'. It indicates a lack of clarity or a feeling of being overwhelmed. This versatility makes it a core B1 vocabulary word because it moves from the literal physical world into common idiomatic expressions. Understanding the difference between Dreck (dirt/general filth) and Matsch (wet, mushy dirt) is a key step in mastering German descriptive language.

Using der Matsch correctly requires attention to its gender (masculine) and its function as a non-count noun in most contexts. You don't usually have 'two matschs'; you just have 'a lot of Matsch' (viel Matsch). It often appears with verbs of movement or state, such as waten (to wade), spielen (to play), or steckenbleiben (to get stuck).

As a Subject
'Der Matsch klebt an meinen Schuhen.' (The mud is sticking to my shoes.)
With Prepositions
'Wir sind durch den Matsch gelaufen.' (We walked through the mud.) Note the use of the accusative after 'durch'.
Compound Nouns
German loves compounds: Matschpfütze (mud puddle), Matschwetter (slushy weather).

Das Auto blieb im tiefen Matsch stecken und wir mussten schieben.

When describing the weather, Matsch is your go-to word for that miserable transition period between winter and spring. You'll hear phrases like 'Es ist draußen nur noch Matsch' (It's nothing but slush outside now). Here, it functions to describe the general environment. If you are talking about food, the adjective form matschig is more common, but you might say 'Die Banane ist nur noch Matsch' (The banana is just mush now) to emphasize the state of the object.

Die Kinder springen mit großer Freude in den Matsch.

In more creative writing, Matsch can describe textures of paint or thick fluids. 'Die Farbe war so dick, sie fühlte sich an wie Matsch.' The word is inherently visceral. It brings to mind the cold, the damp, and the physical resistance of the earth. In a sentence like 'Der Regen hat den Garten in einen Matsch verwandelt,' it shows a transformation from a structured place (a garden) to an amorphous one.

You will encounter der Matsch in several distinct areas of German life. The most common is during the 'Schmuddelwetter'—the gray, rainy months of November, January, and February. Radio weather reports might mention 'Schneematsch auf den Straßen' to warn drivers of slippery, slushy conditions. In these contexts, it is a word associated with caution and annoyance.

Kindergartens and Schools
Teachers will ask parents to bring 'Matschsachen' (mud gear) so the kids can go out during break time despite the rain.
Hiking and Outdoor Sports
Hikers discuss the 'Matschanteil' (proportion of mud) on a trail to decide which boots to wear.
Festivals
Legendary music festivals like Wacken are famous for their 'Matsch'. Fans often celebrate it as part of the experience.

Wacken 2023 war eine einzige Schlammschlacht im tiefen Matsch.

In a domestic setting, you'll hear it when someone enters the house without wiping their feet. 'Du schleppst den ganzen Matsch ins Wohnzimmer!' is a common parental exclamation. It emphasizes that the mud is now an unwanted presence inside. In grocery stores, you might hear a customer complain that the peaches at the bottom of the crate are 'nur noch Matsch,' meaning they are crushed and unappealing.

Zieh deine Gummistiefel an, auf dem Spielplatz ist viel Matsch.

Literary and journalistic uses often employ Matsch to describe political 'swamps' or messy situations, though 'Sumpf' is more common for 'swamp'. However, if a journalist describes a debate as 'Matsch', they are implying it was messy, lacked structure, and left everyone feeling 'dirty'. This metaphorical layer is important for higher-level comprehension.

One of the most frequent mistakes learners make is confusing der Matsch with der Schlamm or der Dreck. While they all relate to dirt, the nuances are distinct. Dreck is general dirt or filth (dust on a shelf is Dreck, but it's not Matsch). Schlamm is often thicker, more permanent, or found at the bottom of bodies of water. Matsch is specifically wet, squishy, and often temporary (like melting snow).

Gender Errors
Learners often say 'die Matsch' or 'das Matsch'. It is always masculine: der Matsch. Remember: 'Der Matsch ist am Schuh.'
Confusing with 'Mus'
'Apfelmus' is applesauce (edible). 'Apfelmatsch' is a rotten, squashed apple (not edible). Don't use Matsch for food you intend to eat unless you are being derogatory.
Pluralization
'Matsch' is usually used in the singular. Trying to say 'die Matsche' (which is a regional colloquialism) can sometimes lead to confusion with standard High German.

Falsch: Ich habe die Matsch an den Händen. Richtig: Ich habe den Matsch an den Händen.

Another error is using the word Matsch when you simply mean 'earth' or 'soil' (Erde). If you are planting a flower, you are using Erde. If you pour too much water into the pot and it becomes a gooey mess, then it becomes Matsch. Using Matsch implies a state of disorder or excessive wetness that is usually (but not always) undesirable.

Vermeide es, Matsch mit sauberem Boden zu verwechseln.

Finally, be careful with the regional variant 'die Matsche'. In Berlin or parts of Northern Germany, you might hear people say 'die Matsche'. While understood, sticking to the masculine 'der Matsch' is safer for learners as it is the standard form used in exams and professional writing. Using the wrong gender is a 'dead giveaway' of a non-native speaker, so practicing 'der Matsch, des Matsches, dem Matsch, den Matsch' is essential.

To enrich your German, it's helpful to know words that are similar to der Matsch but carry different shades of meaning. The German language is quite precise when it comes to describing 'messy' substances, especially those found in nature.

Schlamm vs. Matsch
Schlamm is often thicker and more sediment-like. Think of the bottom of a river. Matsch is more surface-level and often mixed with snow or rain.
Dreck vs. Matsch
Dreck is a general term for dirt. All Matsch is Dreck, but not all Dreck is Matsch. Dust is Dreck, but it's not wet enough to be Matsch.
Morast vs. Matsch
Morast is a more elevated, literary word for a bog or deep mire. You wouldn't use it for a puddle on the street.

Während Matsch eher oberflächlich ist, bezeichnet Schlamm oft tiefere Schichten.

If you want to describe the action of making something mushy, you can use the verb zerquetschen (to squash) or matschig machen. There is also the word Brei (mush/porridge). While Brei is usually something you eat (like baby food), it can be used metaphorically just like Matsch. 'Er hat ihn zu Brei geschlagen' (He beat him to a pulp). Matsch is less violent and more about the consistency of the ground or overripe fruit.

Der Boden war nach dem Sturm ein einziger Morast, aber die Kinder nannten es einfach Matsch.

In a technical context, like construction, you might hear Mörtel (mortar) or Zementmischung. While these are also wet and pasty, they are never called Matsch because they have a specific purpose. Matsch almost always implies something accidental, natural, or messy. By understanding these boundaries, you can choose the word that fits the exact level of formality and the specific material you are describing.

発音ガイド

UK /matʃ/
US /mɑtʃ/
Single syllable, no complex stress pattern.
韻が合う語
Klatsch Tratsch Quatsch Patsch Klatsch Klatsch Klatsch Klatsch
よくある間違い
  • Pronouncing the 'a' too long (like 'Mahtsch'). It must be short.
  • Softening the 'tsch' into a simple 'sh' sound.
  • Adding a vowel at the end (e.g., 'Matsche') when standard High German is required.
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レベル別の例文

1

Der Matsch ist braun.

The mud is brown.

Simple subject-verb-adjective structure.

2

Die Kinder spielen im Matsch.

The children are playing in the mud.

Use of 'im' (in + dem) for location.

3

Ich sehe viel Matsch.

I see a lot of mud.

'Viel' is used with non-count nouns.

4

Ist das Matsch?

Is that mud?

Simple question structure.

5

Der Hund ist im Matsch.

The dog is in the mud.

Masculine noun 'Matsch'.

6

Matsch ist nass.

Mud is wet.

General statement.

7

Wir brauchen keine Angst vor Matsch haben.

We don't need to be afraid of mud.

Negation with 'keine'.

8

Meine Schuhe haben Matsch.

My shoes have mud (on them).

Direct object usage.

1

Zieh deine Matschhose an!

Put on your mud pants!

Imperative with a compound noun.

2

Nach dem Regen gab es überall Matsch.

After the rain, there was mud everywhere.

Preterite of 'geben' (es gab).

3

Der Schneematsch auf der Straße ist gefährlich.

The slush on the road is dangerous.

Compound noun 'Schneematsch'.

4

Wir sind durch den Matsch gelaufen.

We walked through the mud.

'Durch' takes the accusative (den Matsch).

5

Meine Stiefel sind voller Matsch.

My boots are full of mud.

Phrase 'voller' + noun.

6

Vorsicht, der Boden ist hier sehr matschig.

Careful, the ground is very muddy here.

Adjective 'matschig'.

7

Komm nicht mit dem Matsch ins Haus!

Don't come into the house with the mud!

Dative after 'mit'.

8

Der Apfel war nur noch Matsch.

The apple was just mush.

Metaphorical use for food.

1

Wegen des Matsches konnten wir nicht Fußball spielen.

Because of the mud, we couldn't play soccer.

Genitive case after 'wegen'.

2

Das Auto blieb im tiefen Matsch stecken.

The car got stuck in the deep mud.

Verb 'steckenbleiben'.

3

Ich hasse diesen grauen Schneematsch im Winter.

I hate this gray slush in winter.

Demonstrative pronoun 'diesen'.

4

Die Kinder haben eine Matschküche im Garten.

The children have a mud kitchen in the garden.

Cultural compound noun.

5

Die Bananen sind zu Matsch geworden.

The bananas have turned to mush.

Phrase 'zu Matsch werden'.

6

Er hat den ganzen Matsch von seinen Schuhen abgekratzt.

He scraped all the mud off his shoes.

Separable verb 'abkratzen'.

7

Der Wanderweg war eine einzige Matschschlacht.

The hiking trail was one big mud battle.

Idiomatic use of 'Schlacht'.

8

Pass auf, sonst fällst du in den Matsch!

Watch out, or you'll fall into the mud!

Accusative after 'in' (direction).

1

Die Reifen drehten im Matsch hohl.

The tires were spinning aimlessly in the mud.

Phrase 'hohl drehen'.

2

Das Gelände verwandelte sich in eine Matschwüste.

The terrain transformed into a mud desert.

Reflexive verb 'sich verwandeln'.

3

Nach dem Festival war der Campingplatz ein Meer aus Matsch.

After the festival, the campsite was a sea of mud.

Metaphorical 'Meer aus'.

4

Die Kartoffeln sind beim Kochen zu Matsch zerfallen.

The potatoes fell apart into mush during cooking.

Verb 'zerfallen'.

5

Man konnte den Weg vor lauter Matsch kaum noch erkennen.

One could hardly recognize the path because of all the mud.

Phrase 'vor lauter'.

6

Er watete knietief durch den kalten Matsch.

He waded knee-deep through the cold mud.

Adverb 'knietief'.

7

Der Schneematsch spritzte an die Hauswand.

The slush splashed against the wall of the house.

Verb 'spritzen'.

8

Die politische Debatte versank im Matsch der gegenseitigen Vorwürfe.

The political debate sank into the mud of mutual accusations.

Abstract metaphorical use.

1

Sein Gehirn fühlte sich nach der Prüfung wie Matsch an.

His brain felt like mush after the exam.

Simile with 'wie'.

2

Die Konsistenz des Bodens war irgendwo zwischen Erde und Matsch.

The consistency of the ground was somewhere between earth and mud.

Precise descriptive language.

3

Der ständige Regen hat den Garten in eine einzige Matschpiste verwandelt.

The constant rain has turned the garden into one big mud track.

Compound 'Matschpiste'.

4

Die Beeren wurden beim Transport zu Matsch gedrückt.

The berries were crushed to mush during transport.

Passive voice.

5

Trotz der Matschschicht an seinen Schuhen betrat er das edle Restaurant.

Despite the layer of mud on his shoes, he entered the noble restaurant.

Genitive 'der Matschschicht'.

6

In der Kindheit war das 'Matsch-Machen' die größte Freude.

In childhood, 'making mud' was the greatest joy.

Nominalized verb phrase.

7

Die Schneeschmelze hinterließ nichts als grauen Matsch und Dreck.

The snowmelt left nothing but gray slush and dirt.

Negative restrictive 'nichts als'.

8

Die Verhandlungen traten im Matsch der Bürokratie auf der Stelle.

The negotiations were stalling in the mud of bureaucracy.

Metaphor for lack of progress.

1

Das Werk zerfließt in einem amorphen Matsch aus Farben und Formen.

The work dissolves into an amorphous mush of colors and shapes.

High-level art criticism.

2

Die Realität fühlte sich in jenem Moment so substanzlos an wie Matsch.

Reality felt as substanceless as mush at that moment.

Philosophical comparison.

3

In der literarischen Beschreibung diente der Matsch als Symbol für die moralische Verkommenheit.

In the literary description, the mud served as a symbol for moral depravity.

Symbolic analysis.

4

Jede klare Kontur ging im alles verschlingenden Matsch verloren.

Every clear contour was lost in the all-consuming mud.

Participial adjective 'alles verschlingend'.

5

Die Sprache des Autors ist ein zäher Matsch aus Neologismen.

The author's language is a tough mush of neologisms.

Metaphorical literary critique.

6

Das Schmelzwasser riss den Matsch der Hänge mit sich in die Tiefe.

The meltwater dragged the mud from the slopes down into the depths.

Dynamic description of nature.

7

Es ist die Ästhetik des Matsches, die diesen Film so verstörend macht.

It is the aesthetics of mud that makes this film so disturbing.

Abstract noun phrase.

8

Man konnte die Welt nur noch als einen einzigen grauen Matsch wahrnehmen.

One could only perceive the world as one single gray mush.

Existential description.

よく使う組み合わせ

tiefer Matsch
brauner Matsch
im Matsch spielen
voller Matsch sein
zu Matsch werden
durch den Matsch waten
Matsch an den Schuhen
klebriger Matsch
grauer Schneematsch
Matsch im Kopf

よく使うフレーズ

eine Matschpfütze

— A mud puddle.

Peppa Wutz liebt Matschpfützen.

Matschwetter

— Weather that produces mud (rainy/thawing).

Bei diesem Matschwetter bleibe ich lieber drin.

eine Matschhose

— Waterproof pants for kids.

Vergiss nicht deine Matschhose für den Kindergarten!

Matschschlacht

— A mud fight or a very messy event.

Das Konzert endete in einer Matschschlacht.

Matschbirne

— Slang for someone who is confused or stupid.

Du Matschbirne, das war doch ganz anders!

Matschfuß

— A foot covered in mud.

Komm mir nicht mit deinem Matschfuß auf den Teppich!

Matschpiste

— A very muddy road or track.

Die Straße wurde zur Matschpiste.

Obstmatsch

— Crushed fruit.

In meiner Tasche ist nur noch Obstmatsch.

Matschloch

— A mud hole.

Das Schwein suhlt sich im Matschloch.

matschig sein

— To be muddy or mushy.

Der Rasen ist noch sehr matschig.

慣用句と表現

"zu Matsch fahren"

— To crush something completely with a vehicle.

Er hat das Spielzeugauto zu Matsch gefahren.

informal
"Matsch im Hirn haben"

— To be unable to think clearly.

Ich kann nicht mehr arbeiten, ich habe Matsch im Hirn.

colloquial
"Alles Matsch!"

— Everything is ruined or messy.

Nach dem Unfall war alles Matsch.

informal
"In den Matsch greifen"

— To make a bad choice or have bad luck (similar to 'ins Klo greifen').

Mit diesem Job habe ich voll in den Matsch gegriffen.

slang
"Sich wie Matsch fühlen"

— To feel physically or mentally exhausted.

Nach dem Marathon fühlte ich mich wie Matsch.

colloquial
"Jemanden zu Matsch reden"

— To talk someone into exhaustion.

Er hat mich mit seinen Problemen zu Matsch geredet.

informal
"Matschiges Gelaber"

— Nonsensical or vague talk.

Hör auf mit diesem matschigen Gelaber!

slang
"Im Matsch rühren"

— To dwell on unpleasant or messy topics.

Wir sollten nicht länger im Matsch der Vergangenheit rühren.

metaphorical
"Matsch-Auge"

— A black eye or a swollen eye.

Er kam mit einem Matsch-Auge aus der Schlägerei.

slang
"Voll matsch sein"

— To be extremely tired or intoxicated.

Nach der Party war er voll matsch.

slang

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