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A2 noun #7,000 よく出る 10分で読める

die Grube

上位7,000

練習する例文メモとヒント die Grube 30秒で

解説 die Grube in your Level:

At the A1 level, you should learn die Grube as a simple word for a hole in the ground. You might encounter it when talking about playing outside or in very basic stories. It is important to remember that it is feminine ('die'). You can think of it as a 'big hole'. For example, if you see a dog digging in the park, you can say 'Der Hund macht eine Grube'. At this stage, don't worry too much about the complex mining or metaphorical meanings. Just focus on the physical object: a hole in the earth. It's a good word to practice the verb 'graben' (to dig), which is very similar. If you know 'graben', you can easily remember 'Grube'. Remember the article: die Grube. In A1, you mostly use the nominative and accusative cases. 'Das ist eine Grube' (Nom) and 'Ich sehe eine Grube' (Acc). It's a concrete noun, meaning you can point to it, which makes it easier to learn. Try to associate it with pictures of construction sites or gardens. Even at this early stage, knowing that 'Grube' is different from 'Loch' (like a hole in a shirt) will help you build a more accurate vocabulary from the start. Just keep it simple: Grube = pit/hole in ground.

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At the A2 level, you start to see die Grube in more specific contexts, like construction or gardening. You should be able to use it with basic prepositions. For example, 'Vorsicht! Fall nicht in die Grube!' (Accusative for movement) or 'Der Schatz liegt in der Grube' (Dative for position). You might also learn common compound words like Baugrube (construction pit) or Sandgrube (sand pit). At A2, you are expected to handle the plural 'die Gruben' and understand that it doesn't change much. You might also encounter the famous proverb 'Wer anderen eine Grube gräbt, fällt selbst hinein' in a simplified form. This level is about expanding the word's use into daily life scenarios. If you are describing a walk in the forest or a visit to a building site, 'Grube' becomes a useful descriptive tool. You should also be able to distinguish it more clearly from 'Loch'. A 'Loch' is small and can be anywhere; a 'Grube' is usually on the ground and larger. Practice using adjectives with it: 'eine tiefe Grube' (a deep pit), 'eine große Grube' (a large pit). This helps with your adjective endings for feminine nouns.

By B1, you should understand the more industrial and historical connotations of die Grube. This includes its meaning as a 'mine' (Bergwerk). In discussions about German history or the economy of certain regions, 'die Grube' will come up often. You should also be comfortable with the figurative use of the word. For instance, 'sich sein eigenes Grab graben' is a similar concept, but 'jemandem eine Grube graben' is specifically about setting a trap. You will start to see the word in more complex texts, such as news articles about environmental protection or archaeology. You should know words like Fundgrube (a goldmine of information) and use them in your own speaking and writing to sound more advanced. Your grammar should be solid: 'Trotz der tiefen Grube...' (Genitive) or 'Er kletterte aus der Grube' (Dative). You can also start to use related verbs like 'ausheben' (to excavate) instead of just 'graben'. This shows a more nuanced control of the language. B1 learners should also recognize 'die Grube' in a poetic context, such as in older literature where it might refer to death or a grave, and understand the tone of such usage.

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At the B2 level, you are expected to use die Grube with precision in professional or academic discussions. For example, in a report about urban development, you would use 'Baugrubensicherung' (securing a construction pit). You should understand the nuances between 'Grube', 'Graben', 'Schacht', and 'Mulde'. You can discuss the social impact of the 'Grubenschließungen' (mine closures) in the Ruhr area and use the word as a symbol of industrial heritage. Your understanding of the proverb 'Wer anderen eine Grube gräbt...' should be complete, including its biblical origins and its cultural weight. You might also encounter the word in medical or biological German, referring to anatomical depressions (like the 'Fossa' in Latin). At B2, your vocabulary should be rich enough to use 'Fundgrube' metaphorically in various contexts: 'Das Internet ist eine Fundgrube für Falschinformationen' (The internet is a goldmine for misinformation). You should also be able to follow complex instructions involving the word, such as in a manual for gardening or construction, where specific types of pits are described with technical adjectives.

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At the C1 level, die Grube is used in highly abstract and stylistic ways. You can analyze its use in classical German literature (e.g., Goethe, Kafka) where it might represent the subconscious, a trap of one's own making, or the inevitability of fate. You should be able to discuss the etymological roots of the word and its relationship to other Germanic languages. In high-level debates about energy policy ('Kohleausstieg'), you would use terms like 'Tagebaugrube' to discuss the ecological consequences of open-cast mining. You should also be aware of regional variations; for instance, how the word might be used in different dialects or mining communities. Your use of the word in writing should be sophisticated, perhaps using it as a metaphor for a deep systemic problem: 'Die Haushaltslöcher sind zu einer tiefen Grube geworden' (The budget deficits have become a deep pit). You should also understand archaic uses, such as 'in die Grube fahren' as a euphemism for dying, and be able to interpret the specific atmosphere this creates in a text. C1 mastery means knowing not just what the word means, but all the cultural and historical shadows it casts.

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At the C2 level, you have a native-like command of die Grube. You can play with the word's meanings in creative writing or complex rhetorical arguments. You understand every possible idiom, even obscure ones, and can use them with the correct timing and tone. You can engage in deep historical analysis of the 'Gruben' as centers of the industrial revolution and their role in shaping the German labor movement. In linguistics, you could discuss the phonological development of the word from Middle High German 'gruobe'. You are comfortable with the word in every register, from the gritty slang of a construction site to the elevated language of a funeral oration. You can use 'die Grube' in complex metaphors about the human condition, perhaps linking it to the concept of 'Geworfenheit' (thrownness) in existential philosophy. For a C2 learner, 'die Grube' is no longer just a vocabulary item; it is a versatile tool for expression that carries the weight of centuries of German culture, industry, and thought. You can distinguish the subtle difference in 'feeling' between a 'Grube', an 'Abgrund', and a 'Kluft' in a literary analysis, explaining how each contributes to the text's specific imagery.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

die Grube 30秒で

A feminine noun meaning pit or excavation in the ground.
Commonly used in construction, mining, and famous German proverbs.
Implies something larger and more intentional than a simple 'Loch' (hole).
Essential for discussing infrastructure, history, and metaphorical traps in German.

The German word die Grube primarily refers to a pit, a trench, or a significant excavation in the ground. While the English word 'hole' can often be translated as 'Loch', Grube typically implies something larger, deeper, or more intentionally created, such as a construction pit or a mining site. In a literal sense, you will encounter this word frequently in contexts involving geology, construction, and archaeology. For instance, a Kiesgrube is a gravel pit where materials are extracted for building projects. The word carries a sense of depth and often a degree of danger, as falling into a pit is a common physical and metaphorical fear.

Physical Dimension: A Grube is usually larger than a simple hole (Loch). It often requires tools or machinery to create, such as an excavator (Bagger) digging a foundation for a house.

Beyond the physical, die Grube has a profound presence in German idioms and literature. One of the most famous German proverbs involves this word, warning against malicious intent toward others. This metaphorical usage elevates the word from simple dirt-moving terminology to a moral concept. In historical contexts, particularly in the Ruhr region of Germany, Grube was the standard term for a coal mine. Miners would 'into the pit' (in die Grube fahren) every day, making the word synonymous with their place of work and the source of their livelihood.

Vorsicht! Dort vorne ist eine tiefe Grube auf der Baustelle.

In modern usage, you might also hear it in medical contexts, such as the 'Grube' behind the knee (Kniekehle) or other anatomical depressions, though this is more technical. Generally, if you are talking about digging in the garden, a construction site, or a mine, Grube is your go-to noun. It is feminine, so it always takes the article 'die' in the nominative case. Understanding the scale is key: a mouse lives in a 'Loch', but a worker extracts coal from a 'Grube'. The word evokes the earth, labor, and sometimes the finality of the grave, as 'Grube' can be a poetic or archaic term for a burial site. This multi-layered meaning makes it a versatile part of the German vocabulary, bridging the gap between the mundane act of digging and deep philosophical reflections on human actions and their consequences. Whether you are observing a massive open-cast mine in Lusatia or just watching a dog dig in the park, the concept of the Grube remains a fundamental part of the physical and linguistic landscape.

Using die Grube correctly requires attention to both grammar and context. As a feminine noun, its declension follows the standard pattern: die Grube (nom), der Grube (gen/dat), die Grube (acc). In the plural, it becomes 'die Gruben'. When describing movement into a pit, German uses the accusative case with the preposition 'in'. For example, 'Er fiel in die Grube' (He fell into the pit). If you are already inside and describing your location, you use the dative case: 'Er steht in der Grube' (He is standing in the pit).

Action Verbs: Common verbs associated with Grube include graben (to dig), ausheben (to excavate), and zuschütten (to fill in).

One of the most frequent ways you will see this word used is in compound nouns. German loves joining words together to create specific meanings. A Baugrube is specifically a construction pit where a building's foundation will be laid. An Abfallsammelgrube might be a cesspool or waste pit. These compounds are always feminine because the head of the word (Grube) is feminine.

Die Arbeiter hoben eine riesige Grube für das neue Schwimmbecken aus.

In more abstract sentences, die Grube can represent a trap or a low point. If someone says 'Ich bin in einer tiefen Grube', they might not mean they are physically in a hole, but rather in a deep depression or a difficult life situation. However, this is less common than using 'Loch' for emotional states (e.g., 'ein emotionales Loch'). The word 'Grube' remains more grounded in the physical act of excavation. When using it in the plural, 'Gruben', you might be referring to multiple mines in a region: 'Die Gruben im Ruhrgebiet wurden fast alle geschlossen' (The mines in the Ruhr area were almost all closed). This shows how the word scales from a small garden pit to massive industrial infrastructure. Always ensure that the adjectives you use agree with the feminine gender: 'eine tiefe Grube' (a deep pit), 'der dunklen Grube' (of the dark pit). Because it is a concrete noun, it is easily visualized, making it a great word for beginners to practice their declensions with.

Prepositional Usage: 'Aus der Grube klettern' (to climb out of the pit) uses the dative after 'aus'. 'Über die Grube springen' (to jump over the pit) uses the accusative to show movement across.

By mastering these sentence structures, you can describe everything from a simple construction site to the complex history of German mining.

You will hear die Grube in several distinct environments across German-speaking countries. The most common modern setting is a construction site (die Baustelle). If you live in a growing German city like Berlin or Munich, you will constantly see signs saying 'Vorsicht Baugrube!' (Caution: Construction Pit!). Architects, engineers, and construction workers use this term daily to describe the foundation work of new developments. Another significant area is the industrial and mining sector. Although many traditional coal mines (Steinkohlegruben) in Germany have closed, the term 'Grube' remains culturally significant, especially in states like North Rhine-Westphalia and Saarland. In these regions, you might visit a museum that was formerly a 'Grube', or hear older generations talk about their time 'unter Tage' (underground) in the 'Grube'.

Cultural Context: In the 'Ruhrpott' (Ruhr area), the word is steeped in identity. It's not just a hole; it's a place of heritage and hard work.

Furthermore, the word appears in news reports concerning archaeology or paleontology. When researchers find a new fossil site, it is often referred to as a 'Fundgrube' (a discovery pit). This word has also entered common parlance to mean a 'goldmine' of information or a place where you can find many bargains, like a flea market or a specific section of a library.

Dieses Antiquariat ist eine wahre Fundgrube für Liebhaber alter Bücher.

In literature and religious texts, 'Grube' is often used as a synonym for the grave or the underworld. You might hear it in classical plays or read it in the Luther Bible. It gives the word a slightly somber, weighty tone in those contexts. However, in everyday life, if a child is playing in the sand, they might say, 'Schau mal, ich habe eine Grube gegraben!' This shows the word's range from the innocent play of a child to the heavy industry of a nation and the philosophical depth of its literature. You'll also find it in nature documentaries or when discussing environmental issues, such as 'Tagebaugruben' (open-cast mining pits) which are a major topic of debate in German energy policy. Whether it's a physical obstacle on the street or a metaphorical treasure trove of knowledge, die Grube is a word that echoes through many layers of German life.

The most frequent mistake learners make with die Grube is confusing it with das Loch. While both can be translated as 'hole', they are not always interchangeable. A 'Loch' is a general term for any opening or hollow space—a hole in your pocket, a hole in a wall, or a hole in the ozone layer. A Grube, however, almost always refers to a hole in the ground that has been dug out. You would never say 'Ich habe eine Grube in meiner Socke' (I have a pit in my sock); that would sound very strange to a native speaker.

Loch vs. Grube: Use 'Loch' for small things or holes that go through something. Use 'Grube' for large, dug-out depressions in the earth.

Another common error is using the wrong gender. Since 'Grube' ends in '-e', many learners correctly guess it is feminine, but they might forget this when forming compound words. Remember: the gender of a compound word is determined by the last element. So, der Kies + die Grube = die Kiesgrube.

Falsch: Das Grube ist tief. Richtig: Die Grube ist tief.

Learners also sometimes struggle with the plural form. It is 'die Gruben', not 'die Grübe'. The 'u' does not take an umlaut in the plural, which is a common pattern for many feminine nouns ending in '-e' (like die Lampe/die Lampen). Furthermore, be careful with the idiom 'Wer anderen eine Grube gräbt...'. It is so famous that if you misquote it, it stands out immediately. Ensure you use the verb 'graben' (to dig) and not 'machen' (to make). Finally, in technical contexts, don't confuse Grube with Schacht. A 'Schacht' is specifically a vertical shaft, like an elevator shaft or a very narrow, deep mine shaft, whereas a 'Grube' can be wide and open. Avoiding these common pitfalls will make your German sound much more natural and precise. Pay attention to the size and the location—if it's in the dirt and it's big, it's almost certainly a Grube.

To enrich your German vocabulary, it's helpful to know words that are similar to die Grube but carry different nuances. As mentioned, das Loch is the most common alternative, but it is much more general. If you want to describe a shallow depression in the ground, perhaps one made by a heavy object or a person sitting down, you might use die Mulde or die Kuhle. These words suggest something less 'industrial' or 'dangerous' than a 'Grube'.

Comparison: Grube vs. Schacht: A Grube can be an open pit (Tagebau), while a Schacht is always a vertical, narrow passage, often part of an underground mine system.

For very large, naturally occurring depressions, such as a valley or a basin, the word das Becken or die Senke might be more appropriate. In a geological context, a 'Grube' is often man-made, whereas a 'Senke' is a natural dip in the landscape. If you are talking about a ditch along a road, the word is der Graben. Notice the similarity in the root—both come from 'graben' (to dig)—but a 'Graben' is long and narrow, while a 'Grube' is usually more contained or circular.

Anstatt einer tiefen Grube gab es nur eine kleine Kuhle im Sand.

In figurative language, if you want to describe a 'trap', you could use die Falle. While 'Grube' can imply a trap in the proverb 'Wer anderen eine Grube gräbt...', 'Falle' is the standard word for a snare or a trick. If you are speaking about a grave in a very respectful or formal way, das Grab is the standard term, whereas 'Grube' in this context sounds more archaic or biblical. By choosing between Grube, Loch, Kuhle, Graben, and Schacht, you can provide much more specific imagery to your listeners. A 'Schützengraben' (trench in warfare) is a specific type of 'Graben', while a 'Kiesgrube' is a specific type of 'Grube'. Understanding these distinctions allows you to navigate German descriptions of the physical world with precision and confidence.

Register and Usage: 'Grube' is neutral. 'Loch' is very common/informal. 'Vertiefung' is technical/formal. 'Abgrund' is dramatic/poetic (abyss).

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

The word 'Grube' used to be a very common term for a 'mine' because early mining was essentially just digging large pits (open-cast mining).

発音ガイド

UK /ˈɡʁuːbə/

US /ˈɡruːbə/

The stress is on the first syllable: GRU-be.

韻が合う語

Stube (room) Bube (boy/jack) Tube (tube) Hub (lift - partial rhyme) Gabe (gift - visual/slant rhyme) Hube (hide/measure) Rube (rare) Schube (thrust/batch)

よくある間違い

Pronouncing the 'u' too short like in 'bus'. It must be long.
Pronouncing the final 'e' as 'ee'. It should be a neutral schwa sound.
Rolling the 'r' too hard at the front of the mouth if not using the standard uvular 'r'.
Confusing the pronunciation with 'Grübe' (which doesn't exist but sounds like 'green').
Making the 'G' sound like a 'K'.

難易度

読解 2/5

Easy to recognize in texts, often appears in compounds.

ライティング 3/5

Requires correct gender and plural knowledge.

スピーキング 2/5

Pronunciation is straightforward but requires long 'u'.

リスニング 2/5

Clear sound, but don't confuse with 'Gruppe' (group).

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

graben das Loch die Erde tief groß

次に学ぶ

das Bergwerk der Bagger das Grab die Fundgrube der Schacht

上級

die Rekultivierung der Tagebau die Baugrubensohle die Grubensicherheit

知っておくべき文法

Feminine Nouns in -e

die Grube, die Lampe, die Tasche

Two-Way Prepositions (Wechselpräpositionen)

in die Grube (Acc) vs. in der Grube (Dat)

Compound Noun Gender

der Kies + die Grube = die Kiesgrube

Plural formation with -n

die Grube -> die Gruben

Genitive with Feminine Nouns

der Rand der Grube

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レベル別の例文

Da ist eine Grube.

There is a pit.

Nominative singular.

Der Hund gräbt eine Grube.

The dog is digging a pit.

Accusative singular.

Die Grube ist tief.

The pit is deep.

Subject with adjective.

Ich sehe die Grube.

I see the pit.

Accusative object.

Ist die Grube groß?

Is the pit large?

Interrogative sentence.

Wir spielen an der Grube.

We are playing by the pit.

Dative after 'an'.

Eine kleine Grube im Sand.

A small pit in the sand.

Noun phrase.

Hier ist keine Grube.

There is no pit here.

Negation with 'keine'.

Fall nicht in die Grube!

Don't fall into the pit!

Accusative for movement.

Die Kinder graben eine tiefe Grube.

The children are digging a deep pit.

Adjective ending -e.

In der Grube liegt ein Stein.

There is a stone in the pit.

Dative for location.

Er springt über die Grube.

He jumps over the pit.

Preposition 'über' + Accusative.

Die Baugrube ist sehr gefährlich.

The construction pit is very dangerous.

Compound noun.

Wir füllen die Grube mit Erde.

We are filling the pit with earth.

Verb 'füllen'.

Wo sind die Gruben?

Where are the pits?

Plural form.

Die Arbeiter stehen in der Grube.

The workers are standing in the pit.

Dative plural would be 'in den Gruben'.

Früher arbeiteten viele Männer in der Grube.

In the past, many men worked in the mine.

Historical context (mine).

Das Buch ist eine wahre Fundgrube für Informationen.

The book is a true goldmine for information.

Metaphorical compound.

Man muss die Grube absichern.

One must secure the pit.

Modal verb 'müssen'.

Wer anderen eine Grube gräbt, fällt selbst hinein.

He who digs a pit for others falls into it himself.

Proverb.

Die Archäologen haben eine Grube freigelegt.

The archaeologists have uncovered a pit.

Perfect tense.

Die Grube wurde wegen Einsturzgefahr gesperrt.

The pit was closed due to the risk of collapse.

Passive voice.

Er schaute in die dunkle Grube hinab.

He looked down into the dark pit.

Adjective declension.

In dieser Region gibt es viele alte Gruben.

There are many old mines in this region.

Plural usage.

Die Baugrube muss vor dem Regen ausgepumpt werden.

The construction pit must be pumped out before the rain.

Passive with modal.

Die Schließung der Grube führte zu hoher Arbeitslosigkeit.

The closure of the mine led to high unemployment.

Genitive case.

Dieses Archiv ist eine Fundgrube für Historiker.

This archive is a goldmine for historians.

Metaphorical usage.

Die Grube hat eine Tiefe von zehn Metern.

The pit has a depth of ten meters.

Noun 'Tiefe' (depth).

Er fühlte sich, als säße er in einer tiefen Grube.

He felt as if he were sitting in a deep pit.

Konjunktiv II (comparison).

Die Ränder der Grube sind sehr instabil.

The edges of the pit are very unstable.

Genitive plural.

Trotz aller Warnungen kletterte er in die Grube.

Despite all warnings, he climbed into the pit.

Preposition 'trotz' + Genitive.

Die Grube wurde mit speziellem Material aufgefüllt.

The pit was backfilled with special material.

Technical verb 'auffüllen'.

Die ökologischen Folgen der Tagebaugruben sind enorm.

The ecological consequences of open-cast mines are enormous.

Environmental terminology.

In der biblischen Sprache steht die Grube oft für das Verderben.

In biblical language, the pit often stands for perdition.

Abstract symbolism.

Die wirtschaftliche Grube, in der das Land steckt, ist tief.

The economic pit the country is in is deep.

Metaphorical extension.

Die Fundgrube an Beweisen überwältigte die Verteidigung.

The wealth of evidence overwhelmed the defense.

Formal/Legal context.

Er wollte nicht, dass seine Ideen in der Grube des Vergessens landen.

He didn't want his ideas to end up in the pit of oblivion.

Poetic/Abstract.

Das Unternehmen grub sich durch riskante Investitionen seine eigene Grube.

The company dug its own grave through risky investments.

Reflexive idiom usage.

Die Rekultivierung alter Gruben ist ein langwieriger Prozess.

The recultivation of old mines is a lengthy process.

Technical/Scientific.

Jenseits der Baugrube erstreckte sich das weite Brachland.

Beyond the construction pit lay the vast wasteland.

Preposition 'jenseits' + Genitive.

Die Metapher der Grube durchzieht das gesamte Werk des Autors.

The metaphor of the pit permeates the author's entire work.

Literary criticism.

Man befürchtete, dass die Verhandlungen in einer Grube der Bedeutungslosigkeit versinken würden.

It was feared that the negotiations would sink into a pit of insignificance.

Highly abstract/Formal.

Die Grube, einst Symbol des Fortschritts, ist nun ein Mahnmal der Industriegeschichte.

The mine, once a symbol of progress, is now a memorial to industrial history.

Sociopolitical commentary.

In der Tiefe der Grube spiegelte sich die Schwärze seiner Seele wider.

In the depth of the pit, the blackness of his soul was reflected.

Existential/Poetic.

Die geologischen Schichten der Grube erzählen die Geschichte von Jahrmillionen.

The geological layers of the pit tell the story of millions of years.

Scientific/Academic.

Es bedarf einer fundierten Analyse, um aus dieser argumentativen Grube herauszufinden.

A sound analysis is required to find a way out of this argumentative pit.

Rhetorical usage.

Die Grube fungiert hier als Topos des Abstiegs.

The pit functions here as a topos of descent.

Literary/Theoretical terminology.

Trotz der prekären Lage in der Grube bewahrten die Kumpel Ruhe.

Despite the precarious situation in the mine, the miners remained calm.

Archaic/Specific term 'Kumpel'.

よく使う組み合わせ

eine Grube graben

eine tiefe Grube

in die Grube fallen

die Grube zuschütten

eine Grube ausheben

die Baugrube sichern

aus der Grube klettern

die Grube füllen

eine offene Grube

die Grube erweitern

よく使うフレーズ

in die Grube fahren

— To go down into the mine (miners' term).

Die Kumpel fahren jeden Morgen in die Grube.

eine Fundgrube sein

— To be a source of many valuable things or information.

Dieses Museum ist eine Fundgrube für Kunstliebhaber.

bis in die Grube

— Until death (poetic/archaic).

Er blieb ihr treu bis in die Grube.

die Baugrube ausheben

— To excavate the foundation for a building.

Nächste Woche wird die Baugrube ausgehoben.

eine Kiesgrube besuchen

— To visit a gravel pit.

Wir haben in der alten Kiesgrube gespielt.

die Grube des Verderbens

— The pit of destruction (literary).

Er sah sich am Rande der Grube des Verderbens.

eine Grube abdecken

— To cover a pit for safety.

Vergessen Sie nicht, die Grube abzudecken.

die Grube entwässern

— To drain a pit of water.

Die Grube muss entwässert werden.

in die Grube blicken

— To look into the pit.

Er blickte nachdenklich in die tiefe Grube.

eine Grube für Abfälle

— A pit for waste.

Hinter dem Haus ist eine Grube für Abfälle.

よく混同される語

die Grube vs das Loch

A 'Loch' is any hole; a 'Grube' is a pit in the ground.

die Grube vs die Gruppe

Sounds similar but means 'group'.

die Grube vs der Graben

A 'Graben' is a long trench; a 'Grube' is usually a pit.

慣用句と表現

"Wer anderen eine Grube gräbt, fällt selbst hinein."

— If you try to harm others, you will end up harming yourself.

Er hat versucht, mich zu betrügen, aber 'wer anderen eine Grube gräbt...'.

neutral

"Sich sein eigenes Grab graben"

— To cause one's own downfall (related concept).

Mit dieser Lüge hat er sich sein eigenes Grab gegraben.

informal

"In die Grube fahren"

— To die (highly poetic/euphemistic).

Er ist nun in die Grube gefahren.

poetic

"Jemandem eine Grube graben"

— To set a trap for someone.

Pass auf, sie graben dir eine Grube!

neutral

"Vor der Grube stehen"

— To be close to death or total failure.

Das Unternehmen steht vor der Grube.

dramatic

"Etwas in die Grube mitnehmen"

— To take a secret or a feeling to the grave.

Dieses Geheimnis wird er in die Grube mitnehmen.

neutral

"In einer tiefen Grube stecken"

— To be in a very difficult situation or deep depression.

Seit dem Vorfall steckt er in einer tiefen Grube.

informal

"Die Grube des Vergessens"

— Total oblivion.

Seine Werke versanken in der Grube des Vergessens.

literary

"Eine Fundgrube an Wissen"

— A wealth of knowledge.

Ihr Professor ist eine wahre Fundgrube an Wissen.

formal

"In der Grube sein"

— To be working in the mine (regional).

Mein Opa war 40 Jahre in der Grube.

neutral/regional

間違えやすい

die Grube vs Loch

Both mean hole.

Loch is general; Grube is a large, usually man-made pit in the earth.

Ein Loch im Hemd, aber eine Grube auf der Baustelle.

die Grube vs Graben

Both come from 'graben'.

Graben is long and linear (ditch); Grube is a concentrated area (pit).

Ein Wassergraben um die Burg, eine Kiesgrube im Wald.

die Grube vs Schacht

Both are used in mining.

Schacht is vertical and narrow; Grube can be an open, wide area.

Der Liftschacht, die Tagebaugrube.

die Grube vs Grab

Etymologically related.

Grab is specifically for burial; Grube is for any pit.

Das Grab auf dem Friedhof, die Grube für den Pool.

die Grube vs Mulde

Both are depressions.

Mulde is shallow and natural-looking; Grube is deeper and more excavated.

Eine Mulde im Kissen, eine Grube im Garten.

文型パターン

Das ist eine [Adjektiv] Grube.

Das ist eine tiefe Grube.

Nicht in die Grube [Verb]!

Nicht in die Grube fallen!

Die Grube wird [Partizip II].

Die Grube wird ausgehoben.

Wegen der Grube [Verb]...

Wegen der Grube müssen wir umkehren.

Die Grube als Symbol für [Abstraktum].

Die Grube als Symbol für den sozialen Abstieg.

Es ist eine Fundgrube an [Nomen im Genitiv].

Es ist eine Fundgrube an wertvollen Erkenntnissen.

Ich habe eine Grube [gegraben].

Ich habe eine Grube gegraben.

Anstatt einer Grube...

Anstatt einer Grube fanden wir nur einen Graben.

語族

名詞

der Gräber (digger)

das Grab (grave)

der Graben (ditch/trench)

die Grabung (excavation)

die Baugrube (construction pit)

die Fundgrube (goldmine/discovery pit)

動詞

graben (to dig)

eingraben (to bury/dig in)

ausgraben (to exhume/dig up)

abgraben (to dig away)

untergraben (to undermine)

形容詞

grubenähnlich (pit-like)

ausgegraben (excavated)

untergraben (undermined)

使い方

frequency

Common in specific domains (Construction, Mining, Idioms).

よくある間違い

Das Grube → Die Grube
Grube is feminine.
Loch in der Erde → Grube
While not 'wrong', 'Grube' is much more natural for a large excavation.
In die Grube sein → In der Grube sein
Use dative for location.
Die Grüben → Die Gruben
There is no umlaut in the plural of Grube.
Grube in der Socke → Loch in der Socke
Grube is only for the ground.

ヒント

Gender Memory

Most German nouns ending in -e that describe physical objects are feminine. Die Grube follows this rule.

Precision

When describing a construction site, always use 'Baugrube' instead of 'Loch' to sound professional.

Idiom Usage

The proverb 'Wer anderen eine Grube gräbt...' is a great way to sound more like a native speaker.

Mining History

If you visit the Ruhr area, knowing 'Grube' will help you understand local history and museum signs.

The 'U' Sound

The 'u' in Grube is long, like 'cool'. Imagine a cool, deep pit.

Compound Words

You can create your own compounds like 'Spielgrube' (play pit) if the context is clear.

Safety Warning

Shouting 'Vorsicht, Grube!' is a quick way to warn someone of a hole.

Related Verbs

Learn 'graben' and 'Grube' together as a pair. Verb + Noun.

Size Matters

If you can stand in it, it's a Grube. If you can only put a finger in it, it's a Loch.

Biblical Context

In old texts, 'Grube' often carries a moral or ominous tone.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of a 'GROOVE' in the ground, but much deeper—it's a 'GRUBE'. Both words come from the same root of digging or cutting into a surface.

視覚的連想

Imagine a giant excavator (Bagger) digging a massive hole for a skyscraper. That giant pit is the 'Grube'.

Word Web

Erde graben tief Bergwerk Loch Bau Gefahr Schaufel

チャレンジ

Try to find three different compound words ending in '-grube' in a German newspaper or online forum today.

語源

Derived from the Middle High German 'gruobe' and Old High German 'gruoba'. It is closely related to the verb 'graben' (to dig).

元の意味： A hole, pit, or ditch dug out of the ground.

Germanic (related to English 'groove' and 'grave').

文化的な背景

Be respectful when discussing 'Gruben' in mining regions, as mine closures are a sensitive topic related to job loss and cultural change.

English speakers often use 'pit' or 'hole'. 'Pit' is the closest equivalent for 'Grube' in mining and construction contexts.

The proverb 'Wer anderen eine Grube gräbt...' (Biblical origin: Proverbs 26:27). The 'Grube Messel', a UNESCO World Heritage fossil site near Frankfurt. The song 'Glück auf, der Steiger kommt', the traditional anthem of German miners.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Construction

Baugrube ausheben
Grube absichern
Bodenplatte
Fundament

Mining

unter Tage
Kohlegrube
Grubenunglück
Förderkorb

Gardening

Pflanzgrube
Kompostgrube
Spaten
Erde ausheben

Idioms

Grube graben
Fundgrube
in die Grube fahren
Grab schaufeln

Archaeology

Grabungsstätte
Fundgrube
Skelett
freilegen

会話のきっかけ

"Hast du schon mal eine Grube im Garten gegraben?"

"Was hältst du von den riesigen Tagebaugruben in Deutschland?"

"Kennst du das Sprichwort über die Grube, die man anderen gräbt?"

"Warst du schon mal in einem Bergwerk oder einer alten Grube?"

"Diese Website ist eine echte Fundgrube für Sprachlerner, oder?"

日記のテーマ

Beschreibe eine Situation, in der du dich gefühlt hast, als stündest du vor einer tiefen Grube.

Was assoziierst du mit dem Wort 'Grube' – eher Arbeit oder Gefahr?

Stell dir vor, du findest einen Schatz in einer alten Grube. Was machst du?

Schreibe über die Geschichte des Bergbaus in deiner Region. Gab es dort Gruben?

Erkläre das Sprichwort 'Wer anderen eine Grube gräbt...' in deinen eigenen Worten.

よくある質問

10 問

Usually, yes. It implies digging. However, natural depressions like 'Bären-Grube' (bear pit) can also be called that, though 'Höhle' (cave) is more common for natural structures.

'Bergwerk' is the general term for a mine as an industrial facility. 'Grube' specifically refers to the pit or excavation site itself.

The most common way is 'eine Grube graben' or 'eine Grube ausheben'.

Yes, in poetic or biblical contexts, but 'Grab' is the standard word in modern German.

Literally a 'discovery pit', it is used metaphorically to mean a treasure trove or a goldmine of information or bargains.

Yes, it refers to anatomical depressions, such as the 'Kniekehle' (popliteal fossa).

It is feminine: die Grube.

The plural is 'die Gruben'.

Yes, it is standard High German used across all German-speaking countries.

No, that would be a 'Loch'. 'Grube' is almost exclusively for the ground.

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