Knochen 30秒で
- Noun: der Knochen (masculine).
- Plural: die Knochen (no change).
- Meaning: Bone (anatomy, food, dog treat).
- Common idiom: 'bis auf die Knochen' (to the bone).
The German word Knochen translates directly to 'bone' in English. It refers to the hard, calcified tissue that makes up the skeleton of humans and vertebrate animals. Understanding this word is fundamental for discussing anatomy, health, injuries, and even culinary contexts like soup bones. In its most basic A1 context, you will often encounter it when talking about dogs eating bones or basic body parts.
Der Hund frisst den Knochen.
- Anatomical Meaning
- Refers to the skeletal structure (e.g., broken bones, bone density).
Beyond literal anatomy, the word is deeply embedded in German idioms and everyday expressions. Just as in English, bones represent the core, the foundation, or the bare minimum of something. When you are chilled to the bone, or worked to the bone, German uses similar imagery.
Ich bin nass bis auf die Knochen.
- Culinary Meaning
- Refers to bones used for cooking, like a soup bone (Suppenknochen).
It is important to note the pronunciation. The 'ch' in Knochen is the 'ach-Laut', meaning it is pronounced in the back of the throat, similar to the Scottish 'loch'. The 'o' is short. Mastering this pronunciation helps avoid confusion with other words.
Er hat sich einen Knochen gebrochen.
- Figurative Meaning
- Can refer to a difficult task or a stubborn person (ein harter Knochen).
In medical contexts, you will hear compound words like Knochenbruch (bone fracture) or Knochenmark (bone marrow). German loves compound nouns, and Knochen is a very common building block for these.
Wir brauchen Knochen für die Suppe.
To summarize, whether you are at the doctor, walking your dog, or cooking a hearty stew, knowing the word Knochen is essential for everyday German communication. It is a robust, versatile noun that scales from A1 basics to C2 idiomatic mastery.
Das geht durch Mark und Knochen.
Using Knochen correctly in a sentence requires understanding its gender and case declensions. As a masculine noun (der Knochen), it follows standard declension rules. In the nominative case, it is 'der Knochen'. In the accusative, it becomes 'den Knochen'. In the dative, 'dem Knochen', and in the genitive, 'des Knochens'.
Der Arzt untersucht den Knochen.
- Nominative Usage
- Der Knochen ist hart. (The bone is hard.)
You will frequently use this word with verbs related to breaking (brechen), eating/gnawing (nagen, fressen), and aching (schmerzen). For example, 'Meine Knochen tun weh' (My bones ache) is a common complaint after a long day of physical labor or when getting sick.
Der Hund nagt an einem Knochen.
- Accusative Usage
- Ich sehe den Knochen. (I see the bone.)
When forming compound nouns, 'Knochen' is usually the first part of the word. For example, Knochenarbeit (bone-breaking work, backbreaking labor) or Knochengerüst (skeleton). The connecting element is sometimes an 'n', but since Knochen already ends in 'n', it simply attaches directly to the next word.
Die Struktur des Knochens ist komplex.
- Dative Usage
- Er gibt dem Hund einen Knochen. (He gives the dog a bone.)
In conversational German, you might hear people refer to their body or limbs casually as 'Knochen'. If someone says 'Ich muss meine Knochen ausruhen', they mean 'I need to rest my weary bones'. It adds a colloquial, slightly dramatic flair to the statement.
Pass auf deine Knochen auf!
Remember to practice the plural form in context. Since the article is the only thing that changes, listening carefully to whether someone says 'der' or 'die' is crucial for understanding if they are talking about one bone or multiple bones.
Die alten Knochen schmerzen bei Regen.
The word Knochen appears in a wide variety of everyday situations in German-speaking countries. One of the most common places for a beginner to hear this word is in the context of pets, specifically dogs. If you visit a German household with a dog, you will likely hear phrases about giving the dog a bone or buying bones at the butcher.
Haben Sie Knochen für meinen Hund?
- Medical Setting
- Hospitals, clinics, and orthopedic offices.
Another highly frequent context is medical. Whether you are watching a German medical drama (like 'In aller Freundschaft') or visiting a doctor (Arzt) yourself, words like Knochenbruch (broken bone) or Knochenschmerzen (bone pain) are standard vocabulary. X-rays (Röntgenbilder) are taken specifically to look at the Knochen.
Auf dem Röntgenbild sieht man den Knochen.
- Sports & Fitness
- Discussions about injuries, calcium for strong bones, and physical strain.
In sports and fitness environments, you might hear discussions about protecting your bones or building bone density. Coaches might warn athletes to be careful not to break any bones during extreme sports. Furthermore, in historical or archaeological contexts, museums will display dinosaur bones (Dinosaurierknochen).
Milch ist gut für die Knochen.
- Idiomatic Speech
- Used in daily conversation to express exhaustion or being cold/wet.
Finally, you will hear it in figurative speech. Older people might complain about their 'müde Knochen' (tired bones). If someone is described as 'ein harter Knochen', it means they are a tough person, similar to 'a tough nut to crack'. These idioms are very common in spoken German and literature alike.
Er ist ein harter Knochen.
By familiarizing yourself with these contexts—pets, medicine, sports, and idioms—you will quickly recognize how versatile and essential the word Knochen is in the German language.
Im Museum gibt es alte Knochen.
When learning the word Knochen, beginners often make a few predictable mistakes. The most frequent error is confusing it with the verb 'kochen' (to cook). Because they look and sound so similar, missing the first 'n' completely changes the meaning of your sentence from 'eating a bone' to 'eating a cook'!
Falsch: Der Hund isst den Kochen. Richtig: Der Hund frisst den Knochen.
- Pluralization Error
- Adding an 's' or 'n' to the plural. It remains 'die Knochen', not 'die Knochens'.
Another common mistake involves the plural form. English speakers instinctively want to add an 's' to make it plural (Knochens). However, in German, the plural of Knochen is exactly the same as the singular: die Knochen. The only way to tell if it is plural is by looking at the article or the verb conjugation.
Ich habe zwei Knochen gefunden.
- Pronunciation Error
- Pronouncing the 'ch' like a 'k' or 'sh'. It must be the guttural 'ach-Laut'.
Pronunciation is also a stumbling block. The 'ch' in Knochen follows an 'o', which means it is the 'ach-Laut' (a harsh, guttural sound made in the back of the throat). Many learners soften it to an 'ish' sound or harden it to a 'k', saying 'Knoken' or 'Knoshen'. Both are incorrect and will immediately mark you as a foreigner.
Mein Knochen tut weh.
- Idiom Misuse
- Translating English bone idioms directly into German often doesn't work.
Lastly, learners sometimes try to translate English idioms literally. For example, 'I have a bone to pick with you' does NOT translate to 'Ich habe einen Knochen mit dir zu pflücken'. The correct German idiom is 'Ich habe ein Hühnchen mit dir zu rupfen' (I have a chicken to pluck with you). Always learn idioms as complete phrases rather than translating word-for-word.
Er ist nass bis auf die Knochen.
By avoiding these common pitfalls—spelling, pluralization, pronunciation, and literal idiom translation—you will use the word Knochen much more naturally and confidently in your German conversations.
Die Knochen des Skeletts sind weiß.
While Knochen is the standard word for bone, there are several related terms and synonyms in German that you should be aware of to expand your vocabulary. Understanding these nuances will help you sound more native and precise, especially in specific contexts like anatomy or cooking.
Das Skelett besteht aus vielen Knochen.
- Das Skelett
- The skeleton. The complete framework of bones in the body.
A very closely related word is 'die Gräte'. While Knochen refers to the bones of mammals, birds, and reptiles, 'Gräte' is used exclusively for fish bones. If you are eating fish and find a bone, you must say 'Ich habe eine Gräte gefunden', not 'einen Knochen'. This is a very important distinction in German!
Vorsicht, in dem Fisch ist eine Gräte.
- Die Gräte
- Fishbone. Used only for fish, never for other animals.
Another related term is 'das Gebein'. This is an older, more poetic or formal word for bones or remains, often used in religious or historical contexts (e.g., the remains of a saint). You wouldn't use it in daily conversation to talk about a broken arm, but you will see it in literature or museums.
Die Gebeine des Königs ruhen hier.
- Das Gelenk
- The joint. Where two bones meet.
In medical terms, you might also hear 'Knorpel' (cartilage), which is the softer tissue that protects the ends of the bones. Knowing the difference between Knochen, Knorpel, and Gelenk is very helpful if you ever need to explain an injury to a German-speaking doctor.
Der Knorpel schützt das Gelenk.
By learning these related words—Skelett, Gräte, Gebein, Gelenk, and Knorpel—you build a strong semantic network around the word Knochen, making it easier to remember and use accurately in any situation.
Der Hund vergräbt seinen Knochen.
How Formal Is It?
難易度
知っておくべき文法
Plural forms with no suffix change (der Knochen -> die Knochen)
Dative prepositions (bis auf die Knochen)
Compound nouns (Knochen + Bruch = Knochenbruch)
Adjective declension (ein harter Knochen)
Reflexive verbs with dative (sich einen Knochen brechen)
レベル別の例文
Das ist ein Knochen.
That is a bone.
Nominative case, singular.
Der Hund hat einen Knochen.
The dog has a bone.
Accusative case, singular.
Ich sehe den Knochen.
I see the bone.
Accusative case, singular.
Die Knochen sind weiß.
The bones are white.
Nominative case, plural.
Wo ist der Knochen?
Where is the bone?
Question in nominative case.
Der Knochen ist groß.
The bone is big.
Adjective usage with nominative.
Wir brauchen Knochen für den Hund.
We need bones for the dog.
Plural accusative without article.
Das sind meine Knochen.
Those are my bones.
Possessive pronoun with plural.
Er hat sich einen Knochen gebrochen.
He broke a bone.
Perfect tense, reflexive use.
Meine Knochen tun weh.
My bones hurt.
Plural subject with verb 'weh tun'.
Der Arzt untersucht die Knochen.
The doctor examines the bones.
Accusative plural.
Der Hund frisst den alten Knochen.
The dog eats the old bone.
Adjective declension in accusative.
Ich kaufe Suppenknochen auf dem Markt.
I buy soup bones at the market.
Compound noun usage.
Milch stärkt die Knochen.
Milk strengthens the bones.
Verb 'stärken' with accusative object.
Er gibt dem Hund einen großen Knochen.
He gives the dog a big bone.
Dative and accusative objects in one sentence.
Die Knochen des Dinosauriers sind im Museum.
The dinosaur's bones are in the museum.
Genitive case usage.
Nach der langen Wanderung spürte ich jeden Knochen.
After the long hike, I felt every bone.
Past tense (Präteritum) with accusative.
Das ist wirklich eine echte Knochenarbeit.
That is truly backbreaking work.
Compound noun used figuratively.
Wir waren nass bis auf die Knochen.
We were wet to the bone.
Common idiom.
Der Knochenbruch muss operiert werden.
The bone fracture must be operated on.
Passive voice with modal verb.
Hunde kauen gerne auf Knochen herum.
Dogs like to chew on bones.
Preposition 'auf' with dative plural.
Im Alter werden die Knochen oft brüchig.
In old age, bones often become brittle.
Adjective 'brüchig' describing a state.
Er ist abgemagert bis auf die Knochen.
He is emaciated to the bone.
Idiomatic expression for extreme thinness.
Calcium ist wichtig für den Aufbau der Knochen.
Calcium is important for building bones.
Genitive plural after a noun.
Die Archäologen haben jahrhundertealte Knochen ausgegraben.
The archaeologists excavated centuries-old bones.
Complex adjective 'jahrhundertealte'.
Dieser Verhandlungspartner ist ein harter Knochen.
This negotiation partner is a tough cookie.
Figurative use of the noun.
Die Kälte kroch mir in die Knochen.
The cold crept into my bones.
Idiomatic phrase with directional preposition 'in' + accusative.
Osteoporose führt zu einer geringeren Dichte der Knochen.
Osteoporosis leads to a lower density of the bones.
Scientific/medical context with genitive.
Er hat sich für die Firma die Knochen ruiniert.
He ruined his health (bones) for the company.
Colloquial idiom using reflexive dative.
Das Heulen des Wolfes ging durch Mark und Knochen.
The wolf's howl pierced through marrow and bone.
Classic idiom for something terrifying or piercing.
Es ist wichtig, die Gelenke und Knochen zu schonen.
It is important to protect the joints and bones.
Infinitive clause with 'zu'.
Der Hund verteidigte seinen Knochen knurrend.
The dog defended his bone growling.
Present participle used as an adverb.
Trotz seines Alters hat er noch sehr elastische Knochen.
Despite his age, he still has very elastic bones.
Concessive preposition 'trotz' with genitive.
Die Nachricht von dem Unglück fuhr ihr in die Knochen.
The news of the disaster shocked her to the core (bones).
Advanced idiom for sudden shock.
Das ist ein Thema, an dem sich schon viele die Zähne ausgebissen haben – ein echter Knochenjob.
That is a topic many have failed at – a real tough job.
Combining idioms and compound nouns.
Die forensische Anthropologie kann aus Knochen das Alter bestimmen.
Forensic anthropology can determine age from bones.
Academic/scientific register.
Er spürte die feuchte Kälte bis ins Mark seiner Knochen.
He felt the damp cold to the marrow of his bones.
Poetic/literary phrasing.
Nach der Schicht fielen ihm fast die Knochen auseinander.
After the shift, his bones almost fell apart (he was exhausted).
Hyperbolic colloquial expression.
Die Knochenstruktur dieses Fossils weist auf einen Vogel hin.
The bone structure of this fossil indicates a bird.
Compound noun in a scientific context.
Er ist ein durch und durch ehrlicher Mensch, bis in die Knochen.
He is a thoroughly honest person, to the bone.
Idiomatic reinforcement of character.
Die Reliquien umfassen die sterblichen Überreste, primär die Knochen des Heiligen.
The relics comprise the mortal remains, primarily the bones of the saint.
Highly formal/religious register.
Jene frostige Bemerkung drang ihr bis ins Mark der Knochen.
That frosty remark pierced her to the marrow of her bones.
Literary style with demonstrative pronoun 'jene'.
Der demografische Wandel ist ein Knochen, an dem die Politik noch lange nagen wird.
Demographic change is a bone the politicians will be gnawing on for a long time.
Extended metaphor/idiom.
Osteogenese ist der biologische Prozess der Knochenbildung.
Osteogenesis is the biological process of bone formation.
Medical terminology.
Er schuftete sich die Knochen wund, um seine Familie zu ernähren.
He worked his bones sore to feed his family.
Expressive, dramatic phrasing.
Die ossäre Metastasierung befällt das Innere der Knochen.
Osseous metastasis affects the interior of the bones.
Highly specialized medical jargon.
Selbst nach Jahren steckte ihm der Schreck noch in den Knochen.
Even after years, the shock was still in his bones.
Idiom indicating long-lasting trauma.
Die mürben Knochen des alten Gemäuers hielten dem Sturm nicht stand.
The brittle bones (structure) of the old building could not withstand the storm.
Metaphorical use of 'Knochen' for a building's structure.
よく使う組み合わせ
よく使うフレーズ
よく混同される語
慣用句と表現
間違えやすい
文型パターン
使い方
Used for the skeletal parts of humans and animals (except fish).
Used to express the core of something, extreme states (wet, cold, tired), or tough situations/people.
- Saying 'der Kochen' instead of 'der Knochen'.
- Using 'Knochen' for fish bones instead of 'Gräte'.
- Adding an 's' for the plural ('die Knochens').
- Pronouncing the 'ch' like a 'k' ('Knoken').
- Translating 'I have a bone to pick' literally.
ヒント
Plural is Easy
Don't stress about the plural form. It's exactly the same as the singular: die Knochen. Just remember to change the article from 'der' to 'die'.
Master the 'ch'
Practice the 'ach-Laut'. Say 'ah', then restrict the airflow in the back of your throat. It should sound raspy. Apply this to Kno-chen.
Fish Bones are Different
Never use Knochen for fish. Always use 'die Gräte'. This is a classic mistake that native speakers will immediately notice.
Learn the Rain Idiom
Memorize 'nass bis auf die Knochen'. It rains often in Germany, and you will have many opportunities to use this phrase!
Don't Forget the 'N'
Knochen vs. Kochen. The first 'n' is crucial. Without it, you are talking about cooking, not bones.
Compound Nouns
Knochen is a great building block. Add 'Bruch' (break) to get Knochenbruch. Add 'Arbeit' (work) to get Knochenarbeit. German loves Lego-words!
Soup Bones
In a German supermarket or butcher, look for 'Suppenknochen'. They are very cheap and used to make traditional, rich broths.
Reflexive Breaking
In English, you 'break your bone'. In German, you 'break a bone to yourself' (Ich habe mir einen Knochen gebrochen). Use the dative reflexive pronoun.
Listen for the Article
Since the noun doesn't change in the plural, train your ear to catch 'der' or 'die' before 'Knochen' to understand if it's one or many.
Mark und Knochen
For advanced flair, use 'das geht durch Mark und Knochen' when describing a terrifying sound, like a scream or a howling wind.
暗記しよう
記憶術
Imagine a dog KNOCKING on the door with a BONE in its mouth. KNOCK-en = Knochen.
語源
Middle High German 'knoche', Old High German 'knohho'.
文化的な背景
The phrase 'Haut und Knochen' is the exact equivalent of 'skin and bones' and is frequently used in literature and media.
In some southern dialects, you might hear 'Boan' or 'Bein' used for bone (similar to English 'bone'), though 'Knochen' is universally understood.
The word 'Gebein' was historically used more often for human remains, while 'Knochen' was for animals, but today 'Knochen' is used for both.
実生活で練習する
実際の使用場面
会話のきっかけ
"Hast du dir schon mal einen Knochen gebrochen?"
"Gibt es in deiner Kultur ein Gericht mit Suppenknochen?"
"Warum sagt man 'nass bis auf die Knochen'?"
"Hat dein Hund einen Lieblingsknochen?"
"Wie hältst du deine Knochen gesund?"
日記のテーマ
Beschreibe ein Mal, als du dir einen Knochen gebrochen hast oder dich schwer verletzt hast.
Was bedeutet 'Knochenarbeit' für dich? Nenne ein Beispiel.
Schreibe eine kurze Geschichte über einen Hund, der einen riesigen Knochen findet.
Warum ist Calcium wichtig für die Knochen?
Verwende das Idiom 'bis auf die Knochen' in einem kurzen Text über schlechtes Wetter.
よくある質問
10 問No, it is not. In German, fish bones are called 'Gräten'. Using 'Knochen' for a fish will sound very strange to a native speaker. Always use 'Gräte' when eating fish. 'Knochen' is reserved for mammals, birds, and reptiles. For example, a chicken bone is a 'Hühnerknochen'.
The 'ch' in Knochen is the 'ach-Laut'. It is a guttural sound made in the back of the throat. It sounds similar to the Scottish 'ch' in 'loch' or the Spanish 'j' in 'jalapeño'. Do not pronounce it like a 'k' or an English 'sh'.
The plural of 'der Knochen' is 'die Knochen'. The word itself does not change at all. You simply change the masculine article 'der' to the plural article 'die'. This makes it very easy to remember, but you must pay attention to the article to know the quantity.
Yes, you can! This means 'I am cooking a bone' (for example, to make soup). It is a great tongue twister to practice the difference between 'kochen' (to cook) and 'Knochen' (bone). Just be careful not to say 'Ich knoche einen Kochen'.
'Knochenarbeit' literally translates to 'bone-work'. It is a common compound noun used to describe very hard, backbreaking physical labor. You can use it figuratively as well, for example, if studying for an exam was extremely exhausting.
This is an idiom that translates perfectly to the English 'wet to the bone'. It means you are completely soaked through your clothes, right down to your skeleton. It is very commonly used when someone gets caught in a heavy rainstorm without an umbrella.
'Knochen' is a masculine noun. The definite article is 'der' (der Knochen). In the accusative case, it becomes 'den Knochen', and in the dative case, 'dem Knochen'. Always learn the gender along with the noun!
'Knochen' is the everyday word for bone. 'Gebein' is an older, more formal, or poetic word that usually refers to the remains or skeleton of a deceased person. You will see 'Gebein' in historical texts, churches, or literature, but you wouldn't use it at the doctor's office.
You say 'Ich habe mir einen Knochen gebrochen'. Notice that German uses a reflexive structure here (sich etwas brechen) with the dative pronoun 'mir'. You can also specify the bone, like 'Ich habe mir den Arm gebrochen' (I broke my arm).
Literally 'a hard bone', this idiom is used to describe a person who is very tough, stubborn, or difficult to deal with. It is similar to the English idiom 'a tough nut to crack' or 'a tough cookie'. It can be used as a compliment for resilience or a complaint about stubbornness.
自分をテスト 180 問
/ 180 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
'Knochen' is a masculine noun meaning 'bone'. Its plural form is identical to the singular ('die Knochen'). It is widely used in anatomy, cooking, and numerous everyday idioms expressing exhaustion or cold.
- Noun: der Knochen (masculine).
- Plural: die Knochen (no change).
- Meaning: Bone (anatomy, food, dog treat).
- Common idiom: 'bis auf die Knochen' (to the bone).
Plural is Easy
Don't stress about the plural form. It's exactly the same as the singular: die Knochen. Just remember to change the article from 'der' to 'die'.
Master the 'ch'
Practice the 'ach-Laut'. Say 'ah', then restrict the airflow in the back of your throat. It should sound raspy. Apply this to Kno-chen.
Fish Bones are Different
Never use Knochen for fish. Always use 'die Gräte'. This is a classic mistake that native speakers will immediately notice.
Learn the Rain Idiom
Memorize 'nass bis auf die Knochen'. It rains often in Germany, and you will have many opportunities to use this phrase!
関連コンテンツ
healthの関連語
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Abstand
B12つの物や人の間の距離や間隔。交通ルールや対人関係でよく使われます。
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alkoholfrei
A2「alkoholfrei」という言葉は「ノンアルコール」を意味します。主にビールやワインなどの飲み物に使われます。
Allergie
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Allergiker
B1アレルギー体質の人とは、特定の物質に対して否定的に反応する医学的な状態を持っている人のことです。
