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B1 adjective #9,500 よく出る 12分で読める

nierenkrank

上位9,500

練習する例文メモとヒント nierenkrank 30秒で

解説 nierenkrank in your Level:

At the A1 level, you don't need to use the word nierenkrank very often, but it is useful to understand how it is made. It combines 'Niere' (kidney) and 'krank' (sick). If you want to say someone is sick in their kidneys, you can say 'Er ist krank. Die Niere ist das Problem.' However, learning 'nierenkrank' helps you see how German puts words together like LEGO bricks. You might hear it if you have a pet that is sick. You can say 'Mein Hund ist nierenkrank.' It is a simple adjective that describes a person or animal. Remember, in A1, we focus on basic adjectives like 'gut', 'schlecht', or 'krank'. 'Nierenkrank' is just a more specific version of 'krank'. You don't need to worry about complex grammar yet, just remember that it means 'kidney-sick'. If a doctor says it, they mean there is a problem with the organs that clean the blood. It is a good word to recognize on signs in a hospital or on special food packages for pets in the supermarket. Even at A1, knowing a few specific words like this can help you understand the world around you in Germany. Just think: Niere + krank = nierenkrank. It's that simple!

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At the A2 level, you are learning more about health and the body. The word nierenkrank is a great example of a compound adjective. You can use it to describe people in your life or characters in a story. For example, 'Meine Großmutter ist nierenkrank.' At this level, you should start noticing that the word doesn't change when it comes after 'ist'. 'Er ist nierenkrank.' But if you put it before a noun, it needs an ending. 'Ein nierenkranker Mann.' You will see this word in brochures about healthy eating or at the pharmacy. If you are at the pharmacy and someone asks 'Sind Sie nierenkrank?', they want to know if you have kidney problems before they give you medicine. This is important for your safety! You can also use it to talk about diet. 'Nierenkranke Menschen dürfen nicht viel Salz essen.' (Kidney-sick people are not allowed to eat much salt). This level is about using the word in simple, practical sentences. You are moving beyond just saying 'I am sick' to saying *where* the problem is. It's a very helpful word for describing chronic health issues in a way that sounds more natural than using long phrases. Keep practicing the pronunciation: 'NEE-ren-krank'.

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At the B1 level, nierenkrank is a word you should be able to use actively. You are expected to discuss health, lifestyle, and social issues. Being 'nierenkrank' is a common topic in German society because of the discussions around organ donation (Organspende). You should know how to decline the adjective correctly in all cases. For example, 'Ich helfe einem nierenkranken Freund' (Dative). You should also be able to understand more complex sentences like 'Weil er nierenkrank ist, muss er dreimal pro Woche zur Dialyse.' (Because he is kidney-sick, he has to go to dialysis three times a week). This level requires you to connect the illness to its consequences. You might read about 'nierenkranke Patienten' in a news article about new medical treatments. You should also be aware of the adverbial use: 'Er ist schwer nierenkrank' (He is severely kidney-sick). This adds precision to your descriptions. You will also find this word in the context of 'Vorsorgeuntersuchungen' (preventative check-ups). Doctors might say that many people are nierenkrank without knowing it. At B1, you are building the bridge between simple everyday German and more professional, specific German. 'Nierenkrank' is a key brick in that bridge. It allows you to participate in conversations about healthcare policy and personal health challenges with confidence and accuracy.

At the B2 level, you should use nierenkrank with nuance. You should understand the difference between being 'nierenkrank' and 'niereninsuffizient'. While 'nierenkrank' is the general term, 'niereninsuffizient' is more technical. You will encounter 'nierenkrank' in more sophisticated texts, such as medical journals or in-depth newspaper reports. You should be able to discuss the socio-economic impact of being 'chronisch nierenkrank'. For example, how does it affect someone's ability to work? 'Viele nierenkranke Arbeitnehmer benötigen flexible Arbeitszeiten wegen ihrer Dialysebehandlungen.' (Many kidney-sick employees need flexible working hours because of their dialysis treatments). You should also be familiar with the 'Fugen-n' (the 'n' in the middle) and how it fits into the broader pattern of German word formation. At this level, you might also see the word used in abstract or metaphorical contexts, though this is rare for this specific medical term. More importantly, you should be able to use it in formal writing, such as a letter to an insurance company or a medical report. You should be comfortable with the passive voice and relative clauses involving this word: 'Patienten, die als nierenkrank eingestuft werden, erhalten besondere Unterstützung.' (Patients who are classified as kidney-sick receive special support). Your vocabulary is becoming more specialized, and 'nierenkrank' is an essential term for discussing chronic health management.

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At the C1 level, you are expected to have a near-native command of nierenkrank and its related terminology. You should be able to follow complex debates about healthcare ethics, such as the 'Widerspruchslösung' in organ donation, which affects 'nierenkranke Menschen auf der Warteliste'. You should understand the subtle registers—when to use 'nierenkrank' to evoke empathy in a speech, and when to use 'terminale Niereninsuffizienz' in a scientific presentation. You should also be aware of the historical and etymological background of the word, recognizing 'Niere' as a Germanic root. In professional settings, such as working in a German hospital or for a pharmaceutical company, you will use 'nierenkrank' as a standard part of your technical vocabulary. You should be able to synthesize information from various sources about 'nierenkranke Populationen' and present it fluently. For instance, 'Die demografische Entwicklung führt dazu, dass immer mehr Menschen im Alter nierenkrank werden, was das Gesundheitssystem vor große Herausforderungen stellt.' (Demographic development means that more and more people become kidney-sick in old age, which poses great challenges for the healthcare system). At C1, your use of the word is not just about the word itself, but about the complex social and medical systems it represents. You use it accurately, fluently, and with a deep understanding of its implications in the German-speaking world.

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At the C2 level, your mastery of nierenkrank is complete. You can use it in any context, from a highly technical medical symposium to a poetic piece of literature. You understand the full range of its declensions, its role in compound nouns (like 'Nierenkrankenbetreuung'), and its placement in complex, multi-clause sentences. You can critically analyze texts that use the word, identifying the author's intent—is it clinical, empathetic, or political? You are comfortable discussing the nuances between 'nierenkrank', 'nephropathisch', and 'dialysepflichtig' without hesitation. You can also explore the word's relationship with German idioms, such as 'etwas geht einem an die Nieren' (something gets to you/affects you deeply), and explain how the physical state of being nierenkrank might interact with these linguistic metaphors. Your ability to use the word is indistinguishable from that of a highly educated native speaker. You might even use it in a legal or philosophical discussion about the rights of 'nierenkranke Personen' in the context of medical self-determination. At this level, 'nierenkrank' is just one of thousands of specialized terms you use with ease to express complex ideas about the human condition, biology, and society. You have moved beyond learning the word to using it as a tool for sophisticated thought and communication in the German language.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

nierenkrank 30秒で

Nierenkrank is a compound adjective meaning 'kidney-sick' or suffering from renal disease.
It is used for both humans and animals in medical and everyday contexts.
Grammatically, it declines like a standard adjective (e.g., ein nierenkranker Patient).
It often implies a chronic condition requiring long-term care or dietary changes.

The German adjective nierenkrank is a specialized compound word that combines the noun die Niere (the kidney) with the adjective krank (sick or ill). In the German language, compounding is a primary method for creating specific medical descriptions. Instead of saying 'sick in the kidneys' as a long phrase, German speakers simply fuse the organ and the state of health together. This word is used to describe a person, animal, or even a population group that suffers from any form of renal disease or kidney dysfunction. It is a neutral, clinical, yet empathetic term that you will encounter in medical contexts, insurance documents, and everyday conversations about health.

Medical Context: In a clinical setting, a doctor might refer to a 'nierenkranker Patient' to quickly categorize the primary health concern of an individual. It covers a broad spectrum from mild chronic kidney disease to end-stage renal failure requiring dialysis.
Everyday Usage: If a family member has been diagnosed with a kidney condition, you would use this word to explain their condition to others: 'Mein Onkel ist leider nierenkrank.'

Understanding this word requires an appreciation for how German handles chronic conditions. Similar words include herzkrank (heart-diseased) or zuckerkrank (diabetic, literally 'sugar-sick').

Da er schon seit seiner Kindheit nierenkrank ist, muss er sehr auf seine Ernährung achten.

The word carries a certain weight because kidney diseases are often chronic and life-altering. In Germany, the healthcare system places a high priority on the care of 'nierenkranke Personen', often providing specialized 'Nierenzentren' (kidney centers) for treatment. When using this word, it is important to realize that it describes a state of being rather than a temporary infection. You wouldn't usually say someone with a simple, one-time bladder infection is 'nierenkrank'; it implies a more serious, systemic issue with the kidneys themselves. Culturally, Germans tend to be direct about health. If someone is nierenkrank, they may openly discuss their 'Diät' (diet) or 'Dialyse' (dialysis) schedule. This word is the gateway to discussing those complex topics. It is also worth noting that in veterinary medicine, this is a very common term, as 'nierenkranke Katzen' (kidney-sick cats) are a frequent topic in pet care.

Viele Senioren sind nierenkrank, ohne es im Anfangsstadium zu bemerken.

To sound more like a native, recognize that while 'nierenkrank' is the standard term, more formal medical reports might use 'niereninsuffizient' or 'nephropathisch'. However, for 95% of interactions, 'nierenkrank' is the perfect balance of professional and understandable. It allows for clear communication between doctors and patients, and between friends discussing health challenges.

Societal Impact: The term is often seen in the context of 'Organspende' (organ donation) debates, where the lives of nierenkranke Menschen are a central focus of the discussion.

In summary, 'nierenkrank' is an essential adjective for discussing long-term health, medical history, and specific dietary needs in German-speaking countries. It exemplifies the German linguistic habit of compound construction while serving a vital role in medical communication.

Ein nierenkranker Mensch muss oft viel öfter zur Untersuchung als ein gesunder.

Ist der Hund nierenkrank, braucht er spezielles Futter.

Using nierenkrank correctly involves understanding both its grammatical placement and its semantic range. As an adjective, it can function in two primary ways: predicatively (after a verb like 'to be') and attributively (before a noun).

Predicative Use: This is the simplest form. You state that someone 'is' kidney-sick. Example: 'Er ist nierenkrank.' In this case, the word never changes its ending, regardless of whether the subject is masculine, feminine, plural, or neuter.
Attributive Use: When placed before a noun, it must decline. For example, 'der nierenkranke Mann' (nominative masculine), 'ein nierenkrankes Kind' (nominative neuter), or 'nierenkranken Patienten' (dative plural). Mastering these endings is key for B1 learners.

The word is often paired with adverbs to specify the degree of illness. You might hear schwer nierenkrank (severely kidney-sick) or chronisch nierenkrank (chronically kidney-sick). These combinations are very common in medical histories.

Der Arzt stellte fest, dass die Patientin schwer nierenkrank ist.

Another important aspect is the context of 'being' vs. 'becoming'. You can use the verb werden (to become) with 'nierenkrank'. For example, 'Durch unentdeckten Bluthochdruck kann man nierenkrank werden.' (Through undetected high blood pressure, one can become kidney-sick). This highlights the causative nature of many renal issues. In more complex sentences, 'nierenkrank' can be part of a relative clause. 'Menschen, die nierenkrank sind, müssen oft eine spezielle Diät einhalten.' (People who are kidney-sick often have to follow a special diet). Here, the word helps define a specific group with shared needs.

Es ist wichtig, nierenkranke Kinder psychologisch zu unterstützen.

Comparisons: While you can technically say 'nierenkränker' (more kidney-sick), it is rarely used. Instead, Germans use 'schwerer nierenkrank' to indicate a worse condition. The superlative 'am nierenkränksten' is almost never heard; one would say 'im Endstadium nierenkrank'.

When writing about this topic, ensure you don't confuse the adjective with the noun Nierenkrankheit. You use the adjective to describe the person and the noun to describe the condition. 'Er hat eine Nierenkrankheit' vs. 'Er ist nierenkrank'. Both are correct, but the adjective 'nierenkrank' is more direct when focusing on the patient's state.

Obwohl er nierenkrank ist, nimmt er aktiv am Leben teil.

Die Behandlung nierenkranker Patienten erfordert viel Geduld.

By understanding these patterns, you can discuss health issues with precision and grammatical accuracy. Whether you are reading a medical brochure or talking to a colleague, these structures will serve you well.

You will encounter the word nierenkrank in a variety of specific environments in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland. Its most common home is, unsurprisingly, the medical world. If you visit a Hausarzt (family doctor) or a Nephrologe (nephrologist), this word will be central to the diagnostic conversation.

In the Clinic: Doctors use it to describe patients during 'Visite' (rounds). You might hear: 'Der Patient auf Zimmer 4 ist chronisch nierenkrank.' It also appears on 'Überweisungen' (referrals) to specialists.
Health Insurance & Law: In Germany, being 'nierenkrank' can have legal implications for 'Krankengeld' (sick pay) or 'Erwerbsminderungsrente' (disability pension). Official forms will ask if the applicant is 'nierenkrank' to determine support levels.

Beyond the hospital, the word is frequently heard in the media, particularly during discussions about 'Organspende' (organ donation). Germany has a persistent shortage of donor organs, and news reports often feature stories about 'nierenkranke Menschen, die auf eine Transplantation warten' (kidney-sick people waiting for a transplant). These stories aim to humanize the statistics by showing the daily struggles of being nierenkrank.

In der Reportage ging es um das Schicksal nierenkranker Jugendlicher.

In the pharmacy (Apotheke), pharmacists use the word when advising on medication. Some over-the-counter drugs are dangerous for those who are nierenkrank. A pharmacist might ask: 'Sind Sie nierenkrank oder haben Sie Probleme mit dem Blutdruck?' This is a critical safety check. You will also find this word in the context of pet care. As mentioned, 'nierenkranke Katzen' or 'nierenkranke Hunde' are common topics in veterinary magazines and online forums. Pet owners discuss 'Nierendiät' (kidney diet) and how to care for their 'nierenkranken Vierbeiner' (kidney-sick four-legged friends).

Meine Katze ist leider nierenkrank und braucht Spezialfutter.

Public Health Campaigns: Campaigns for 'Weltnierentag' (World Kidney Day) in German-speaking countries use the term to raise awareness about prevention. They might say: 'Jeder zehnte Deutsche ist nierenkrank.'

Finally, in literature or film, a character being 'nierenkrank' might be a plot point, often used to symbolize fragility or to drive a story about family sacrifice (like a living donation). In all these contexts, the word remains consistent: it identifies a specific medical vulnerability that requires attention, care, and often a change in lifestyle. Hearing this word should immediately trigger thoughts of health, specialized care, and biological systems.

Die Zahl der nierenkranken Menschen steigt weltweit an.

Wer nierenkrank ist, sollte auf seinen Salzkonsum achten.

One of the most frequent mistakes learners make with nierenkrank is confusing it with the noun die Nierenkrankheit (the kidney disease). Remember: you are nierenkrank, but you have a Nierenkrankheit. Mixing these up is a common B1-level error.

Adjective vs. Noun: Incorrect: 'Er hat nierenkrank.' Correct: 'Er ist nierenkrank.' or 'Er hat eine Nierenkrankheit.'
Capitalization: Because 'Niere' is a noun, learners often want to capitalize 'nierenkrank'. However, as an adjective, it must be lowercase unless it starts a sentence. 'Der nierenkranke Mann' (lowercase 'n').

Another mistake involves the use of prepositions. In English, we say 'sick with' or 'suffering from'. In German, you do not use a preposition with 'nierenkrank'. You don't say 'nierenkrank mit' or 'nierenkrank von'. The organ is already built into the word! If you want to use a preposition, you must change the phrasing to 'an den Nieren erkrankt sein' (to be diseased at the kidneys).

Falsch: Er ist nierenkrank an den Nieren. (Redundant!)

Declension is another hurdle. Many students forget to add the 'e', 'er', 'en', or 'es' when the word is used before a noun. 'Ein nierenkrank Patient' is incorrect; it must be 'Ein nierenkranker Patient'. Learners also sometimes confuse 'nierenkrank' with 'niereninsuffizient'. While they are related, 'niereninsuffizient' is a more technical, medical term specifically referring to the loss of function (insufficiency). 'Nierenkrank' is the broader, more common term for any kidney ailment.

Richtig: Viele nierenkranke Menschen müssen zur Dialyse.

Plural Mistakes: When talking about multiple people, remember the plural declension. 'Die nierenkranken Leute' (The kidney-sick people). Don't leave off the 'n'.

Lastly, avoid using 'nierenkrank' to describe a temporary pain, like a kidney stone attack (Nierenkolik). Someone with a kidney stone is 'leidend' (suffering) or has 'Nierenschmerzen', but 'nierenkrank' usually implies a more lasting, chronic condition. Using it for a 2-hour pain might sound overly dramatic to a native speaker.

Ein nierenkranker Hund braucht lebenslang Medikamente.

Sind Sie nierenkrank? (A common question in medical forms).

While nierenkrank is the most versatile term, several alternatives exist depending on the level of formality and specific medical detail required. Understanding these nuances will elevate your German from B1 to B2/C1.

Niereninsuffizient: This is the formal medical term. It specifically means that the kidneys are not performing their filtering function sufficiently. You will see this in doctors' letters (Arztbriefe). Comparison: 'Nierenkrank' is what you tell your neighbor; 'niereninsuffizient' is what the specialist writes in your file.
Nierengeschädigt: This means 'kidney-damaged'. It is often used when the illness was caused by an external factor, like medication or an accident. 'Er ist durch Medikamente nierengeschädigt.'
Dialysepflichtig: This is a very specific term for someone who is so nierenkrank that they require dialysis. It literally means 'dialysis-mandatory'. It is a common term in social law and healthcare planning.

You might also hear the phrase ein Nierenleiden haben (to have a kidney ailment). This is a slightly more 'old-fashioned' or 'gentle' way of saying someone is nierenkrank. It sounds less clinical and more descriptive of a person's long-term struggle.

Statt nierenkrank zu sagen, kann man auch sagen: 'Er leidet an einer Nierenerkrankung.'

In contrast, if someone has a temporary issue, you would use nierenkrank less frequently. For a kidney stone, you say 'Ich habe Nierensteine'. For an infection, 'Ich habe eine Nierenbeckenentzündung'. These are specific diagnoses, whereas 'nierenkrank' is a general state. Another related term is nierengesund (kidney-healthy). This is the direct antonym. In medical studies, researchers compare 'nierenkranke Probanden' with 'nierengesunde Probanden'.

Die Studie vergleicht nierenkranke mit nierengesunden Patienten.

When discussing the severity, you can use leicht (mildly), mäßig (moderately), or hochgradig (severely) before 'nierenkrank'. These qualifiers provide the precision that 'nierenkrank' on its own might lack.

An den Nieren erkrankt: This is a verbal phrase. 'Er ist an den Nieren erkrankt' sounds a bit more formal and narrative than 'Er ist nierenkrank'. It is often used in biographies or detailed medical histories.

By learning these variations, you can tailor your speech to your audience. Use 'nierenkrank' for general clarity, and 'niereninsuffizient' or 'dialysepflichtig' when you need to be technically precise.

Für nierenkranke Menschen ist eine salzarme Kost oft lebenswichtig.

Wer nierenkrank ist, braucht eine engmaschige Betreuung.

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

In the Middle Ages, the kidneys were often thought to be the seat of emotions and conscience, which is why we still have idioms like 'etwas geht an die Nieren'.

発音ガイド

UK /ˈniːʁənkʁaŋk/

US /ˈniːrənkræŋk/

Primary stress is on the first syllable: 'NIE-ren-krank'.

韻が合う語

geisteskrank herzkrank schrank dank bank schlank trank gestank

よくある間違い

Pronouncing 'ie' as a short 'i'.
Dropping the 'n' in the middle (saying 'nierekrank').
Hardening the 'g' sound in 'krank' too much.
Shifting stress to 'krank'.
Mumbling the 'en' syllable.

難易度

読解 3/5

Easy to recognize because of its components 'Niere' and 'krank'.

ライティング 4/5

Requires correct adjective endings and the 'n' in the middle.

スピーキング 3/5

Pronunciation is straightforward but requires clear articulation.

リスニング 3/5

Clearly audible in medical or health-related contexts.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

die Niere krank die Krankheit der Patient das Krankenhaus

次に学ぶ

die Dialyse die Transplantation die Insuffizienz der Nephrologe das Nierenversagen

上級

nephropathisch renovaskulär Glomerulonephritis Kreatininwert Harnstoff

知っておくべき文法

Adjective compounds with 'krank'

herzkrank, lungenkrank, nierenkrank, zuckerkrank.

Adjective declension (Mixed)

ein nierenkranker Mann, eine nierenkranke Frau, ein nierenkrankes Kind.

Substantivierte Adjektive

Der Nierenkranke (The kidney-sick person).

Predicative adjectives do not decline

Er ist nierenkrank. (No ending).

Compound nouns with Fugen-n

Niere + n + krank.

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レベル別の例文

Mein Hund ist nierenkrank.

My dog is kidney-sick.

Simple predicative use with 'sein'.

Ist er nierenkrank?

Is he kidney-sick?

Question form with 'sein'.

Ich bin nicht nierenkrank.

I am not kidney-sick.

Negation with 'nicht'.

Meine Katze ist nierenkrank.

My cat is kidney-sick.

Feminine subject 'Katze'.

Oma ist nierenkrank.

Grandma is kidney-sick.

Family member as subject.

Der Fisch ist nierenkrank.

The fish is kidney-sick.

Masculine subject 'Fisch'.

Bist du nierenkrank?

Are you kidney-sick?

Informal 'du' form.

Sie sind nierenkrank.

They are kidney-sick.

Plural subject.

Ein nierenkranker Mann braucht Hilfe.

A kidney-sick man needs help.

Attributive use, masculine nominative ending '-er'.

Das nierenkranke Kind ist im Krankenhaus.

The kidney-sick child is in the hospital.

Attributive use, neuter nominative with definite article.

Wir suchen Futter für nierenkranke Katzen.

We are looking for food for kidney-sick cats.

Plural accusative without article.

Warum ist er nierenkrank?

Why is he kidney-sick?

Question with 'warum'.

Sie ist schon lange nierenkrank.

She has been kidney-sick for a long time.

Use of 'schon lange' with present tense.

Nierenkranke Menschen trinken oft viel Wasser.

Kidney-sick people often drink a lot of water.

Plural nominative without article.

Mein Vater wurde plötzlich nierenkrank.

My father suddenly became kidney-sick.

Use of 'werden' (to become).

Haben Sie nierenkranke Verwandte?

Do you have kidney-sick relatives?

Plural accusative with 'haben'.

Da er nierenkrank ist, darf er kein Salz essen.

Since he is kidney-sick, he is not allowed to eat salt.

Subordinate clause with 'da'.

Die Behandlung nierenkranker Patienten ist teuer.

The treatment of kidney-sick patients is expensive.

Genitive plural without article.

Ich kenne eine Frau, die nierenkrank ist.

I know a woman who is kidney-sick.

Relative clause.

Wenn man nierenkrank ist, muss man oft zum Arzt.

If one is kidney-sick, one must go to the doctor often.

Conditional 'wenn' clause.

Trotz seiner Krankheit ist er nicht nierenkrank.

Despite his illness, he is not kidney-sick.

Preposition 'trotz' with genitive.

Er fühlt sich schwach, weil er nierenkrank ist.

He feels weak because he is kidney-sick.

Subordinate clause with 'weil'.

Viele nierenkranke Menschen warten auf ein Organ.

Many kidney-sick people are waiting for an organ.

Plural nominative with 'viele'.

Es ist schwer, nierenkrank zu sein.

It is hard to be kidney-sick.

Infinitive construction with 'zu'.

Die Zahl der nierenkranken Kinder nimmt leider zu.

The number of kidney-sick children is unfortunately increasing.

Genitive plural with definite article.

Wer chronisch nierenkrank ist, braucht viel Geduld.

Whoever is chronically kidney-sick needs a lot of patience.

Relative pronoun 'wer' as subject.

Nierenkranke sollten regelmäßige Kontrollen wahrnehmen.

Kidney-sick [people] should attend regular check-ups.

Adjective used as a noun (substantiviertes Adjektiv).

Obwohl er schwer nierenkrank war, arbeitete er weiter.

Although he was severely kidney-sick, he continued to work.

Concessive 'obwohl' clause.

Die Forschung hilft nierenkranken Menschen weltweit.

Research helps kidney-sick people worldwide.

Dative plural ending '-en'.

Man kann nierenkrank werden, ohne es zu merken.

One can become kidney-sick without noticing it.

Infinitive with 'ohne...zu'.

Ein nierenkranker Patient benötigt eine spezielle Diät.

A kidney-sick patient requires a special diet.

Masculine nominative with indefinite article.

Es gibt viele Mythen über nierenkranke Personen.

There are many myths about kidney-sick persons.

Preposition 'über' with accusative plural.

Die Versorgung nierenkranker Patienten ist eine Herausforderung.

The care of kidney-sick patients is a challenge.

Genitive plural noun phrase.

Inwiefern sind nierenkranke Menschen im Alltag eingeschränkt?

To what extent are kidney-sick people restricted in everyday life?

Interrogative 'inwiefern'.

Ein nierenkranker Proband wurde von der Studie ausgeschlossen.

A kidney-sick test subject was excluded from the study.

Passive voice 'wurde ausgeschlossen'.

Die Lebensqualität nierenkranker Personen hat sich verbessert.

The quality of life of kidney-sick persons has improved.

Genitive plural with 'Lebensqualität'.

Es ist ethisch fragwürdig, nierenkranke Patienten zu bevorzugen.

It is ethically questionable to favor kidney-sick patients.

Infinitive phrase with 'zu'.

Trotz modernster Medizin bleiben viele Menschen nierenkrank.

Despite state-of-the-art medicine, many people remain kidney-sick.

Preposition 'trotz' with genitive.

Nierenkranke leiden oft unter Begleiterkrankungen.

Kidney-sick [people] often suffer from secondary diseases.

Substantivized adjective in the plural.

Die Diagnose 'nierenkrank' verändert das ganze Leben.

The diagnosis 'kidney-sick' changes one's whole life.

Quotation used as a noun.

Die Prävalenz nierenkranker Individuen variiert regional stark.

The prevalence of kidney-sick individuals varies greatly by region.

Advanced vocabulary 'Prävalenz' and 'Individuen'.

Nierenkranke sind auf eine funktionierende Infrastruktur angewiesen.

Kidney-sick [people] are dependent on a functioning infrastructure.

Adjective 'angewiesen' with 'auf'.

Das psychosoziale Wohlbefinden nierenkranker Kinder ist essenziell.

The psychosocial well-being of kidney-sick children is essential.

Compound noun 'Wohlbefinden' with genitive.

Inwieweit nierenkranke Patienten autonom entscheiden können, ist umstritten.

The extent to which kidney-sick patients can decide autonomously is controversial.

Indirect question with 'inwieweit'.

Die Pathophysiologie nierenkranker Organe ist hochkomplex.

The pathophysiology of kidney-sick organs is highly complex.

Technical term 'Pathophysiologie'.

Nierenkranke bedürfen einer multidisziplinären Herangehensweise.

Kidney-sick [people] require a multidisciplinary approach.

Verb 'bedürfen' with genitive.

Durch Prävention lässt sich verhindern, dass Menschen nierenkrank werden.

Through prevention, it can be prevented that people become kidney-sick.

Reflexive 'lässt sich' construction.

Die Stigmatisierung nierenkranker Menschen muss abgebaut werden.

The stigmatization of kidney-sick people must be reduced.

Passive voice with modal verb.

よく使う組み合わせ

chronisch nierenkrank

schwer nierenkrank

nierenkranke Patienten

nierenkranke Kinder

nierenkrank werden

nierenkranke Katzen

hochgradig nierenkrank

erblich nierenkrank

unbemerkt nierenkrank

seit Geburt nierenkrank

よく使うフレーズ

nierenkrank sein

— To suffer from kidney disease.

Ich bin nierenkrank und muss Diät halten.

nierenkrank werden

— To develop a kidney disease over time.

Er ist durch seinen Lebensstil nierenkrank geworden.

jemanden nierenkrank nennen

— To diagnose someone as kidney-sick.

Der Arzt nannte ihn offiziell nierenkrank.

für nierenkranke Menschen

— Specifically for those with kidney issues.

Dieses Kochbuch ist für nierenkranke Menschen geschrieben.

als nierenkrank gelten

— To be considered kidney-sick by medical standards.

Ab diesen Werten gilt man als nierenkrank.

nierenkranke Angehörige

— Relatives who have kidney disease.

Er pflegt seine nierenkranken Angehörigen.

schon immer nierenkrank

— To have had kidney issues for one's whole life.

Er war gefühlt schon immer nierenkrank.

plötzlich nierenkrank

— To develop kidney issues unexpectedly.

Nach der Infektion war er plötzlich nierenkrank.

nierenkranke Bevölkerung

— The part of the population with kidney disease.

Die nierenkranke Bevölkerung braucht bessere Vorsorge.

nierenkranke Haustiere

— Pets with kidney disease.

Die Betreuung nierenkranker Haustiere ist zeitaufwendig.

よく混同される語

nierenkrank vs Nierenkrankheit

A noun meaning 'kidney disease'. You have a Nierenkrankheit, but you are nierenkrank.

nierenkrank vs Nierenschmerzen

Refers to the pain itself, not the chronic state of being sick.

nierenkrank vs nierenkrank (vs. nierengeschädigt)

Nierengeschädigt often implies physical damage from an event, while nierenkrank is broader.

慣用句と表現

"etwas geht jemandem an die Nieren"

— Something affects someone deeply or emotionally.

Die traurige Nachricht ging ihm richtig an die Nieren.

informal

"jemanden auf Herz und Nieren prüfen"

— To test someone or something very thoroughly.

Vor dem Kauf wurde das Auto auf Herz und Nieren geprüft.

neutral

"eine Niere für jemanden geben"

— To do anything for someone (often literal in medical contexts).

Er würde für seinen Bruder eine Niere geben.

neutral

"Nieren und Leber"

— Often used together to describe vital internal health.

Er hat Probleme mit Nieren und Leber.

neutral

"die Nieren spülen"

— To drink a lot of water to 'clean' the kidneys.

Du musst viel trinken, um die Nieren zu spülen.

informal

"eiskalt bis in die Nieren"

— To be extremely cold.

Draußen ist es eiskalt bis in die Nieren.

informal

"sich die Nieren verkühlen"

— To catch a cold specifically in the lower back area.

Zieh dich warm an, sonst verkühlst du dir die Nieren!

informal

"Nierenbecken-Blues"

— Humorous term for being sick with a kidney infection.

Er hat mal wieder den Nierenbecken-Blues.

slang

"Nieren-Check"

— A quick check-up of the kidneys.

Einmal im Jahr gehe ich zum Nieren-Check.

neutral

"Nierentisch-Ära"

— Refers to the 1950s (based on kidney-shaped tables).

Das ist ein Design aus der Nierentisch-Ära.

cultural

間違えやすい

nierenkrank vs herzkrank

Similar structure.

Refers to the heart (Herz) instead of the kidney (Niere).

Er ist herzkrank und darf nicht rennen.

nierenkrank vs zuckerkrank

Common compound with 'krank'.

Refers to diabetes (sugar-sick).

Zuckerkranke Menschen brauchen Insulin.

nierenkrank vs nierenförmig

Starts with 'nieren-'.

Means 'kidney-shaped', referring to the shape of an object.

Er hat einen nierenförmigen Tisch.

nierenkrank vs Nierentisch

Starts with 'Nieren-'.

A specific type of 1950s furniture.

Der Nierentisch ist wieder modern.

nierenkrank vs Nierenspender

Related to kidneys.

Refers to the person giving the kidney, not the sick person.

Er ist ein freiwilliger Nierenspender.

文型パターン

[Subject] ist nierenkrank.

Mein Onkel ist nierenkrank.

Ein [Adjective ending] [Noun] ist nierenkrank.

Ein nierenkranker Hund braucht Hilfe.

Weil [Subject] nierenkrank ist, [Verb] ...

Weil er nierenkrank ist, darf er das nicht essen.

Die [Noun] für nierenkranke [Noun] ...

Die Hilfe für nierenkranke Kinder ist wichtig.

Obwohl [Subject] nierenkrank ist, [Verb] ...

Obwohl sie nierenkrank ist, geht sie arbeiten.

[Subject] wurde durch [Noun] nierenkrank.

Er wurde durch die Infektion nierenkrank.

Die Zahl der nierenkranken [Noun] [Verb] ...

Die Zahl der nierenkranken Patienten steigt.

Es ist [Adjective], dass [Subject] nierenkrank [Verb].

Es ist bedauerlich, dass so viele Menschen nierenkrank werden.

語族

名詞

die Niere

die Nierenkrankheit

das Nierenversagen

der Nierenstein

die Niereninsuffizienz

die Nierenspende

動詞

nieren (rare, in cooking)

transplantieren

erkranken

形容詞

nierenkrank

nierengesund

nierengeschädigt

nierenförmig

使い方

frequency

Common in medical and pet-care contexts.

よくある間違い

Er hat nierenkrank. → Er ist nierenkrank.
Nierenkrank is an adjective, so it needs the verb 'sein' (to be), not 'haben' (to have).
Der Nierenkrank Mann. → Der nierenkranke Mann.
When an adjective is before a noun, it must have an ending based on the gender and case.
Ich bin nierekrank. → Ich bin nierenkrank.
You forgot the 'n' in the middle. German compounds often need a connecting letter.
Sie ist nierenkrank an den Nieren. → Sie ist nierenkrank.
This is redundant. The word 'nierenkrank' already tells us that the kidneys are the problem.
Ein nierenkrankes Patient. → Ein nierenkranker Patient.
'Patient' is masculine, so the adjective needs the masculine ending '-er' after 'ein'.

ヒント

Adjective Endings

Don't forget the endings! 'Ein nierenkranker Patient' (masculine) needs the 'er' because it's nominative and follows 'ein'.

Compound Pattern

Learn this pattern: [Organ] + krank. It works for Herz, Lunge, and Leber too. It's a very efficient way to expand your medical vocabulary.

The Middle 'N'

Make sure to pronounce the 'n' in the middle. It's 'niere-n-krank'. Skipping it makes the word sound incomplete to native ears.

Medical Forms

If you see 'nierenkrank' on a form, it's a 'yes/no' question about your medical history. It's not asking about temporary pain.

Veterinary Use

If you have a pet in Germany, you'll see 'nierenkrank' on special diet food in the supermarket or pet shop. It's very common for older cats.

Avoid Redundancy

Don't say 'krank an der Niere nierenkrank'. Choose one or the other. 'Nierenkrank' is more concise.

Sensitive Topics

When talking to someone who is nierenkrank, remember it's often a chronic condition. It's better to ask 'How are you managing?' rather than 'When will you be better?'

Word Formation

The 'n' in 'nierenkrank' is a 'Fugen-n'. It connects the two parts. Recognizing these connectors helps you understand how German words are built.

News Topics

Pay attention to news about 'Organspende'. You will hear 'nierenkrank' often as it's the most common reason for needing a transplant.

Health Vocabulary

Combine 'nierenkrank' with 'salzarm' (low salt) and 'eiweißarm' (low protein) to talk about medical diets effectively.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of a 'Near-In' (Nieren) person who is 'Cranky' (krank) because their kidneys hurt.

視覚的連想

Imagine two bean-shaped organs (kidneys) wearing a thermometer and a bandage, looking 'krank'.

Word Web

Niere Krankheit Dialyse Arzt Salz Wasser Urinstau Transplantation

チャレンジ

Try to explain to a friend (in German) why a nierenkranker person cannot eat too much salt.

語源

A compound of the Old High German 'nioro' (kidney) and 'krank' (sick). 'Nioro' is related to the Greek 'nephros'. 'Krank' originally meant 'crooked' or 'weak' before shifting to its modern meaning of 'ill'.

元の意味： Weak or ill in the kidney organ.

Germanic

文化的な背景

Always use 'nierenkrank' with empathy. In professional settings, 'Patient mit Nierenerkrankung' is slightly more formal.

In English, we usually say 'kidney patient' or 'suffering from kidney disease'. The compound 'kidney-sick' doesn't exist as a single word, making the German 'nierenkrank' feel very efficient.

The 'Nierentisch' (kidney table) of the 50s. The 'Weltnierentag' (World Kidney Day) campaigns in Berlin. Medical dramas like 'In aller Freundschaft' often feature nierenkranke characters.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

At the doctor's office

Sind Sie nierenkrank?
Ich bin nierenkrank.
Gibt es nierenkranke Verwandte?
Seit wann sind Sie nierenkrank?

At the pet store

Haben Sie Futter für nierenkranke Hunde?
Meine Katze ist nierenkrank.
Was fressen nierenkranke Tiere?
Spezialdiät für nierenkranke Katzen.

In a hospital

Die Station für nierenkranke Patienten.
Er wird als nierenkrank eingestuft.
Hilfe für nierenkranke Kinder.
Wir betreuen viele nierenkranke Menschen.

Discussing diet

Nierenkranke dürfen wenig Salz.
Was darf ein nierenkranker Mensch essen?
Rezepte für nierenkranke Personen.
Ernährungstipps, wenn man nierenkrank ist.

News/Media

Hilfe für nierenkranke Flutopfer.
Zahl der nierenkranken Menschen steigt.
Ein nierenkranker Junge wartet auf Hilfe.
Neue Hoffnung für nierenkranke Patienten.

会話のきっかけ

"Wissen Sie, ob in Ihrer Familie jemand nierenkrank ist?"

"Was sollte man essen, wenn man nierenkrank ist?"

"Haben Sie schon von dem neuen Medikament für nierenkranke Menschen gehört?"

"Ist es wahr, dass man nierenkrank werden kann, wenn man zu wenig trinkt?"

"Wie geht man im Alltag damit um, wenn man chronisch nierenkrank ist?"

日記のテーマ

Stellen Sie sich vor, Sie müssten eine Diät für eine nierenkranke Person planen. Was würden Sie kochen?

Schreiben Sie über eine Begegnung mit einer nierenkranken Person im Krankenhaus.

Wie hat sich die Behandlung nierenkranker Menschen in den letzten 50 Jahren verändert?

Warum ist es wichtig, dass nierenkranke Menschen frühzeitig eine Diagnose erhalten?

Reflektieren Sie über die Bedeutung der Organspende für nierenkranke Patienten.

よくある質問

10 問

Nein, es ist ein rein medizinischer Begriff. Es beschreibt sachlich den Gesundheitszustand einer Person oder eines Tieres. Es wird nicht abwertend gebraucht, sondern dient der klaren Kommunikation über Krankheiten.

Grammatikalisch ja (nierenkränker, am nierenkränksten), aber in der Praxis macht man das kaum. Man sagt stattdessen 'schwer nierenkrank' oder 'leicht nierenkrank', um den Grad der Erkrankung genauer zu beschreiben.

'Nierenkrank' ist das allgemeine Wort für den Alltag. 'Niereninsuffizient' ist der medizinische Fachbegriff, den Ärzte in Berichten verwenden. Für einen Deutschlerner ist 'nierenkrank' am wichtigsten.

Man benutzt 'nierenkranke', wenn das Wort vor einem weiblichen Nomen (die nierenkranke Frau) oder im Plural (nierenkranke Menschen) steht. Das ist Teil der normalen deutschen Adjektivdeklination.

Ja! Zum Beispiel 'herzkrank' (Herz), 'lungenkrank' (Lunge) oder 'leberkrank' (Leber). Das ist ein sehr häufiges Muster in der deutschen Sprache, um Krankheiten zu benennen.

Nein. Man kann nierenkrank sein, ohne dass die Nieren komplett versagt haben. Die Dialyse ist erst bei einer sehr schweren Form der Nierenkrankheit notwendig.

Nein, Pflanzen haben keine Nieren. Das Wort wird nur für Menschen und Tiere (Säugetiere) verwendet, die diese Organe besitzen.

Das heißt 'Nierenversagen'. Wenn jemand ein Nierenversagen hat, ist er meistens auch 'nierenkrank', aber 'Nierenversagen' beschreibt den akuten oder endgültigen Zustand.

Nur am Satzanfang oder wenn es als Nomen verwendet wird (z. B. 'Die Nierenkranken'). Als normales Adjektiv schreibt man es klein: 'Er ist nierenkrank.'

Eigentlich gar keine. Man sagt einfach 'Er ist nierenkrank'. Wenn man eine Präposition nutzen will, muss man sagen: 'Er ist an den Nieren erkrankt'.

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