B1 · 中級 チャプター 15

Planning for Real Future Possibilities

6 トータルルール
65 例文
5 分
このチャプターのルール クイック練習

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Master the art of talking about future plans and real-world possibilities with confidence.

  • Construct sentences for real future outcomes.
  • Navigate time clauses to sequence future events.
  • Describe actions in progress at specific future moments.
Unlock your future: Plan, predict, and progress.

学べること

Ever wonder how to discuss your future plans and what will happen *when* things occur? This chapter gives you the tools to confidently talk about real future possibilities using the First Conditional and precise time clauses. Get ready to express your future ideas clearly and naturally!

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: create accurate sentences using the First Conditional to express real future possibilities.
  2. 2
    By the end you will be able to: use future time clauses and the Future Continuous to narrate a detailed plan for the upcoming week.

チャプターガイド

Overview

This chapter is your key to unlocking more dynamic and natural conversations about the future. As a B1 English grammar learner, you're ready to move beyond simple future statements and start expressing conditional relationships – what you'll do *if* something happens, or *when* something else occurs. Mastering planning for real future possibilities will significantly boost your confidence when discussing everything from weekend plans to career goals.
We'll dive into the First Conditional, learning how to link a potential future event to a present condition. You'll also discover the crucial difference between using if and when to reflect certainty, and how to use various future time clauses like 'as soon as' or 'before' to perfectly time your future actions. By the end, you'll be able to articulate your future ideas with clarity and sound more like a native speaker, ready to handle almost any travel or daily life situation.
Get ready to plan, predict, and converse about tomorrow with ease! This B1 English grammar content will empower you.

How This Grammar Works

Imagine you're making plans, and those plans depend on something else happening first. That's where the First Conditional comes in! It connects a present condition to a future result.
The basic structure is: If + Present Simple, Future Simple (will). For example,
If I have time tomorrow, I will go to the park.
Notice the comma after the 'if' clause when it starts the sentence. This structure is also used when you're forming First Conditional questions, asking about the future consequences of a specific, possible condition:
If you pass your exam, what will you do?
Now, let's refine our future talk. Sometimes we're talking about something that *might* happen, and sometimes we're talking about something that *definitely will* happen. That's the difference between if and when.
Use if for possibilities or uncertainties:
If it rains, we will stay inside.
Use when for things you know are going to happen:
When my train arrives, I will call you.
The train's arrival is a certainty.
We also use future time clauses with words like when, as soon as, before, and after. The important rule here is that the verb *in the time clause* stays in the Present Simple, even though it refers to a future event. The main clause uses will.
For example,
As soon as I finish work, I will meet you.
Not
As soon as I *will finish* work.
Similarly,
Before I leave, I will finish this report.
This structure helps you precisely sequence future events, making your English sound much more natural and sophisticated.

Common Mistakes

Here are some common pitfalls and how to avoid them:
  1. 1✗ Mixing tenses in the 'if' clause:
    If I *will have* time, I will call you.
✓ Correct:
If I have time, I will call you.
Explanation: Remember, the 'if' clause in the First Conditional uses the Present Simple, not the Future Simple.
  1. 1✗ Using 'will' in future time clauses: "When I *will arrive*, I'll send you a message."
✓ Correct: "When I arrive, I'll send you a message."
Explanation: In future time clauses (with when, as soon as, before, after), the verb is always in the Present Simple.
  1. 1✗ Forgetting the comma:
    If it rains we will stay home.
✓ Correct:
If it rains, we will stay home.
Explanation: Always place a comma after an 'if' clause when it starts the sentence.

Real Conversations

Dialogue 1: Weekend Plans

A

A

If the weather is good this weekend, what will you do?
B

B

Oh, if it's sunny, I will go hiking! As soon as I wake up, I'll pack my bag.
A

A

Sounds great! When you get back, will you be tired?
B

B

Probably! But if I'm exhausted, I'll just relax on the sofa.

Dialogue 2: Project Deadline

A

A

Before we start the next phase, will you finalize the report?
B

B

Yes, of course. As soon as I finish this meeting, I will review everything. If I find any issues, I will let you know immediately.
A

A

Perfect. When the report is ready, we will proceed.

Dialogue 3: Travel Preparations

A

A

If you travel abroad, will you need a new passport?
B

B

Yes, I think so. When my current one expires, I will apply for a new one.
A

A

Good idea. Before you go, make sure you have all your documents.

Quick FAQ

Q

What's the main difference between if and when in future sentences?

Use if for conditions that *might* happen (e.g.,

If it rains...
) and when for events that you know *will* happen (e.g.,
When the sun sets...
).

Q

Do I always need will in the main clause of a First Conditional sentence?

Yes, in the First Conditional, the main clause typically uses will (or other modal verbs like can/may/might for nuances, though 'will' is most common) to show the future result.

Q

Can I use the First Conditional to talk about past events?

No, the First Conditional is specifically for real future possibilities. For past conditions and results, you would use the Third Conditional.

Q

Why don't we use will after when or as soon as?

It's a key rule for future time clauses. The words like when, as soon as, before, and after act as time markers, and the verb directly following them uses the Present Simple even though the event is in the future.

Cultural Context

Native English speakers use these patterns constantly, often shortening I will to "I'll" in informal speech. The choice between if and when subtly communicates confidence in an event's occurrence. While the rules are standard, regional differences might influence the frequency of certain time clauses.
For instance, in some places, once is used similarly to as soon as. The structure itself is universal across formal and informal contexts.

重要な例文 (8)

1

If I study hard, I will pass the exam.

一生懸命勉強すれば、試験に合格するでしょう。

第一条件法：現実的な未来の可能性
2

If you don't hurry, you will miss your flight.

急がないと、飛行機に乗り遅れてしまいますよ。

第一条件法：現実的な未来の可能性
3

If you study, you'll pass the test.

もし勉強すれば、テストに合格するでしょう。

ファーストコンディショナル: コンマのルール
4

I'll call you if I leave work early.

もし仕事を早く終えたら、電話しますね。

ファーストコンディショナル: コンマのルール
5

If you study hard, will you pass the exam?

もし一生懸命勉強したら、試験に合格できるかな？

第一条件文の質問：未来について尋ねる
6

What will we eat if the restaurant is closed?

もしレストランが閉まっていたら、何を食べようか？

第一条件文の質問：未来について尋ねる
7

If the weather is good, we'll go to the beach this weekend.

今週末、天気がよければビーチに行きましょう。

第一条件文: When と If の違い (可能性とタイミング)
8

When you arrive at the airport, I'll pick you up.

空港に着いたら、迎えに行くよ。

第一条件文: When と If の違い (可能性とタイミング)

ヒントとコツ (4)

💡

コンマの達人！

「if」の節が文の最初にくる場合は、必ず主節の前にコンマを入れましょう。コンマがないと、息継ぎを忘れたみたいに聞こえちゃいますよ！ 例：「If it snows, I'll build a snowman.」
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 第一条件法：現実的な未来の可能性
💡

節の順番が大事

どちらの節が先にくるか、いつもチェックしてくださいね。もし「if」の節が文の最初にきたら、カンマは「essential」（不可欠）です。もし主節が先にきたら、カンマは必要ありませんよ。例えば、「If it rains, I'll bring an umbrella.」と「I'll bring an umbrella if it rains.」を比べてみてね。
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ファーストコンディショナル: コンマのルール
💡

'will'に耳を傾けよう

誰かがファーストコンディショナルの質問をするとき、「will」が一番のヒントになるよ。それは、現実的な可能性に基づいた未来の結果について尋ねているサインなんだ。「Will you come to the party if I invite you?」のように、「will」に注目してみてね。
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 第一条件文の質問：未来について尋ねる
💡

「可能性チェック」を考えよう

「if」か「when」を選ぶ前に、ちょっと考えてみて。その出来事は「確実に起こる」？それとも「起こるかもしれない」？あなたの答えが正しい選択を導くよ。
Is this event definitely going to happen, or is it just a possibility?
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 第一条件文: When と If の違い (可能性とタイミング)

重要な語彙 (5)

possibility the chance that something may happen condition a requirement for an event to occur sequence to arrange in a specific order certainty something that is definitely going to happen progress the state of being ongoing

Real-World Preview

map

Planning a Weekend Trip

Review Summary

  • If + Present Simple, will + verb
  • When/As soon as + Present Simple, will + verb
  • will + be + verb-ing

よくある間違い

You cannot use 'will' in the 'if' clause. Use the Present Simple instead.

Wrong: If I will go to the park, I will see my friends.
正解: If I go to the park, I will see my friends.

Time clauses like 'when' also require the Present Simple. The future result needs 'will'.

Wrong: When I will arrive, I call you.
正解: When I arrive, I will call you.

The Future Continuous requires the auxiliary 'will' followed by 'be' and the -ing form.

Wrong: If you are tired, you be sleeping.
正解: If you are tired, you will be sleeping.

このチャプターのルール (6)

1

第一条件法：現実的な未来の可能性

B1
未来の「現実的な可能性」について自信を持って話したいとき、「シンプルな現在形」の条件と「will」を使った未来の結果を繋げましょう。
If I study hard, I will pass the exam.
12 例文
2

ファーストコンディショナル: コンマのルール

B1
もし「if」の節が文の最初にきたら、完璧な「clarity」（明確さ）のために、カンマは「always」（必ず）必要ですよ。
If you study, you'll pass the test.
12 例文
3

第一条件文の質問：未来について尋ねる

B1
ファーストコンディショナル質問をマスターして、未来の現実的な「可能性」やその結果について自信を持って質問できるようになろう！
If you study hard, will you pass the exam?
12 例文
4

第一条件文: When と If の違い (可能性とタイミング)

B1
「if」（«可能性»）と「when」（«確実性»）を区別して、未来の出来事とその結果をはっきり伝えましょう。
If the weather is good, we'll go to the beach this...
12 例文
5

未来時制の副詞節 (When, As Soon As, Before, After)

B1
未来のイベントのタイミングを正確に伝えるには、時を表す副詞節で「Simple Present」を使うのがコツですよ。「Get it right」すれば、もう完璧！
I'll call you as soon as I arrive at the airport.
12 例文
6

Future Continuous: Will Be Doing (In Progress at a Future Time)

B1
The future continuous (will be + -ing) describes an action that will be in progress at a specific future time. It can also be used to make polite enquiries about plans.
5 例文

Next Steps

You have mastered the mechanics of the future. Keep practicing, and you will soon speak with total fluency!

Write a 5-sentence plan for your next birthday.

Continue to: 「もしも」をアップグレード！未来のプランを自由自在に伝える

クイック練習 (10)

Choose the correct form.

Will you ___ to the party?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: be coming
Future continuous.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Future Continuous: Will Be Doing (In Progress at a Future Time)

First Conditionalを正しく使っている文はどれでしょう？

正しい文を選びましょう：

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: If it rains, I will stay home.
正しいFirst Conditionalの構造は「If + 現在形, will + 動詞の原形」です。最初の選択肢は「if」節に誤って「will」を使っており、3番目の選択肢は主節に「will」がありません。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 第一条件法：現実的な未来の可能性

空欄に正しい句読点を選んでください。

If it rains ___ we'll stay inside.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ,
「if」の節が最初にくる場合（「If it rains」）、主節と区切るためにカンマが必要です。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ファーストコンディショナル: コンマのルール

間違いを見つけて修正してください。

Find and fix the mistake:

She will succeed, if she studies hard.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: She will succeed if she studies hard.
主節が最初にきて、その後に「if」の節が続く場合、カンマは不要です。「if」という単語が十分な接続詞の役割を果たします。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ファーストコンディショナル: コンマのルール

文中の間違いを見つけて修正しましょう

Find and fix the mistake:

When my boss will call, I'll tell her about the new client.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: When my boss calls, I'll tell her about the new client.
「when」の条件節の直後に「will」を使ってはいけません。上司からの電話は予想されるので「when」は適切ですが、動詞は現在形にする必要があります。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 第一条件文: When と If の違い (可能性とタイミング)

Fill in the blank.

I ___ (work) at 5 PM.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: will be working
Future continuous.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Future Continuous: Will Be Doing (In Progress at a Future Time)

文を完成させるために正しい動詞の形を選んでください。

As soon as the movie ___, we'll order popcorn.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: starts
「as soon as」で始まる未来の時を表す副詞節では、未来の出来事を指していても現在形（「starts」）を使います。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 未来時制の副詞節 (When, As Soon As, Before, After)

Fix the sentence.

Find and fix the mistake:

I will be know the answer.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: I will know
Stative verb.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Future Continuous: Will Be Doing (In Progress at a Future Time)

文中の間違いを見つけて直してください。

Find and fix the mistake:

I'm going to wait until she will call me back.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: I'm going to wait until she calls me back.
時を表す副詞節「until she calls me back」では、未来の行動を指していても現在形（「calls」）を使わなければなりません。「will call」ではありません。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 未来時制の副詞節 (When, As Soon As, Before, After)

正しい文を選びましょう：

Choose the correct sentence:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: I'll buy tickets when the concert is announced.
コンサートは*必ず*発表される、予想される出来事です。また、「when」の条件節の後には「will」を使いません。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 第一条件文: When と If の違い (可能性とタイミング)

Score: /10

よくある質問 (6)

未来の現実的で可能性のある状況について話すために使われます。ある条件とその結果を結びつけるんです。例えば、「If it rains, we'll stay inside.」
未来の条件について話す場合でも、「if」節では常に現在形を使います。例えば、「If I finish early, I will go.」
主なルールはシンプルです。「if」の節が文の最初にきたら、その後ろに「must」（必ず）カンマを置くことです。もし「if」の節が文の途中にあるなら、カンマは「don't need」（必要ありません）よ。
カンマは、自然な間を示す「visual cue」（視覚的な合図）の役割をします。これによって、書かれた文がより「clearer」（明確）で「easier to read」（読みやすく）なります。読者が結果に進む前に条件を理解するのに役立つんですよ。
ファーストコンディショナル質問は、未来の現実的で起こりうる状況と、その結果について尋ねるのに役立つよ。「もし～ならどうなるか」という、実際に起こる可能性のあるシナリオを扱う時に使うんだ。例えば、「If it rains, will we cancel the picnic?」のようにね。
構造は一般的に「(疑問詞) + will + 主語 + 動詞の原形 + if + 主語 + 現在形動詞？」だよ。例えば、「What will you do if it rains?」や「Will you be there if I come?」のように使うんだ。
前のチャプター
Talking About Facts and Constant Truths
次のチャプター
「もしも」をアップグレード！未来のプランを自由自在に伝える
ロードマップに戻る