capacity 30秒で
- As an adjective, 'capacity' describes something that has reached its absolute maximum limit, whether in terms of people, volume, or industrial output.
- It is primarily used before nouns (attributive use), such as in the common phrases 'capacity crowd' or 'capacity production' to denote fullness.
- The word carries a formal and precise tone, making it ideal for journalism, business reports, and technical descriptions of systems and venues.
- Using 'capacity' signals that there is no more room for growth or addition without expanding the underlying structure or physical space.
When we use the word capacity as an adjective, we are describing a state of being completely full or functioning at the absolute maximum limit possible. Unlike the noun form, which refers to the potential volume or ability, the adjective form characterizes a specific venue, container, or system that has no more room or capability to expand further at that moment. It is most frequently encountered in professional, industrial, and event-based contexts where limits are strictly defined and reached.
- Physical Space
- Refers to a room or building where every seat or square inch is occupied.
- Industrial Output
- Describes a factory or machine running at 100% of its designed speed or volume.
- Resource Utilization
- Indicates that a system, like a computer server, is using all available processing power.
The stadium hosted a capacity crowd of 50,000 fans for the championship game, leaving not a single seat empty in the entire arena.
In a broader sense, being 'capacity' implies a state of saturation. If a hospital is at capacity, it means they cannot admit another patient without discharging someone else. If a production line is capacity-constrained, it means demand exceeds the physical ability to create more goods. This adjective is powerful because it communicates a hard boundary; it is not just 'busy' or 'full,' but mathematically and physically at its limit.
The factory is currently running at capacity levels to meet the holiday demand.
Understanding this word requires recognizing the difference between 'full' (which can be subjective) and 'capacity' (which is objective). A 'full' bus might still fit one more person, but a 'capacity' bus has reached its legal or physical safety limit. It carries a connotation of peak performance and maximum efficiency, but also a warning that there is no margin for error or additional load.
The server reached capacity usage during the flash sale, causing temporary slowdowns for users.
Using 'capacity' as an adjective requires a specific syntactic approach. It is almost exclusively used in an attributive position, meaning it comes directly before the noun it modifies. You will see it paired with nouns that represent groups of people or systems of production. It is a 'classifying' adjective—it tells us what kind of crowd or what kind of production level we are dealing with.
- Capacity Crowd: Used when every ticket for an event is sold and every seat is taken.
- Capacity Audience: Similar to crowd, but more common for theater, lectures, or concerts.
- Capacity Production: Used in business to describe a factory making as many items as it possibly can.
- Capacity Operation: Used for systems or organizations working at their highest possible intensity.
When writing, use 'capacity' to emphasize that a limit has been reached. It sounds more professional and precise than 'full.' For example, 'The restaurant had a capacity crowd' sounds like a successful business report, whereas 'The restaurant was full' sounds like a casual observation. It is particularly useful in technical writing, journalism, and business reports where quantifying limits is essential for clarity.
You will encounter 'capacity' as an adjective in several distinct environments. Each context uses the word to signal that a maximum threshold has been crossed or maintained. It is a staple of news reporting and operational management.
- Sports and Entertainment
- Commentators often shout, 'We have a capacity crowd here tonight!' to build excitement and show the importance of the event.
- Business and Economics
- In quarterly earnings calls, CEOs might mention 'capacity production' to explain why they cannot increase sales further without building new factories.
- Public Infrastructure
- Traffic reports might describe 'capacity flow' on highways, meaning the road is handling the maximum number of cars possible before a traffic jam occurs.
In the digital age, you also hear it regarding technology. Cloud service providers might discuss 'capacity loads' on their data centers during peak hours like Black Friday or major software releases. In all these cases, the word functions as a shorthand for 'maximum possible,' providing an immediate sense of scale and limitation to the listener.
The most frequent error is using 'capacity' as a predicative adjective (after a verb). While you can say 'The room is full,' you generally cannot say 'The room is capacity.' You must either use it before the noun ('It was a capacity crowd') or use the prepositional phrase ('The room was at capacity').
- Incorrect: The theater became capacity by 8 PM.
- Correct: The theater reached capacity by 8 PM. (Noun usage)
- Correct: A capacity audience watched the play at 8 PM. (Adjective usage)
Another mistake is redundancy. Phrases like 'maximum capacity crowd' are technically redundant because 'capacity' already implies the maximum. Stick to 'capacity crowd' for cleaner, more professional prose. Additionally, ensure you aren't confusing it with 'capacious,' which means 'roomy' or 'having a lot of space.' A capacious room is large; a capacity room is full.
While 'capacity' is unique in its specific application to crowds and production, several synonyms and related terms can help you vary your vocabulary depending on the context.
- Saturated
- Used when something is so full that no more can be absorbed. Often used in chemistry or market economics.
- Maximal
- Refers to the highest possible amount or degree, though it is more abstract than 'capacity.'
- Peak
- Describes the point of highest value or intensity, such as 'peak performance' or 'peak hours.'
- Full-scale
- Indicates that something is happening at the largest possible size or level of detail.
Choosing between these depends on whether you are talking about a physical limit (capacity), a point in time (peak), or a state of being soaked/filled (saturated). 'Capacity' remains the best choice for describing venues and industrial output limits.
How Formal Is It?
難易度
知っておくべき文法
Attributive vs Predicative Adjectives
Noun-Adjective Compounds
Prepositional Phrases (at capacity)
Collocations with 'Crowd'
Mass vs Count Nouns in context of volume
レベル別の例文
The bus had a capacity crowd.
The bus was 100% full.
Adjective before noun.
It was a capacity audience.
Everyone was there.
Used with 'audience'.
The small room had a capacity group.
The room was full.
Simple adjective use.
Is it a capacity show?
Are all tickets sold?
Question form.
We saw a capacity game.
The stadium was full.
Describing an event.
They want a capacity house.
They want all seats filled.
Common in theater.
A capacity class is hard to teach.
A very full class.
Describing a group.
The park had a capacity visit today.
Many people in the park.
Informal but clear.
The stadium reached a capacity attendance.
Maximum people attended.
Formal 'attendance'.
They played to a capacity crowd.
The room was full of fans.
Common phrase 'played to a'.
The flight had a capacity load.
The plane was full.
Used in transport.
Is this a capacity event?
Is it sold out?
Checking limits.
The restaurant enjoyed a capacity night.
Every table was used.
Business context.
We need a capacity audience for the play.
We need all seats filled.
Expressing a goal.
The elevator had a capacity weight.
It was at its limit.
Safety context.
The train was at capacity levels.
Very full train.
Describing levels.
The factory is running at capacity production.
Making as much as possible.
Business English.
A capacity crowd cheered for the singer.
A full house of fans.
Standard collocation.
The hotel reported capacity bookings for July.
No rooms left in July.
Tourism context.
The server reached capacity usage at noon.
100% of the server was used.
IT context.
The theater had capacity seating.
Every seat was occupied.
Describing facilities.
They are operating at capacity strength.
Using all their people.
Organizational use.
The landfill is at capacity levels.
It cannot take more trash.
Environmental context.
The workshop had a capacity enrollment.
The class was full.
Education context.
The airline is operating at capacity levels this season.
Maximum flights and seats used.
Industry standard.
The venue was filled to its capacity limit.
Reached the absolute end.
Emphasizing the limit.
Capacity production is necessary to meet the demand.
Maximum output is required.
Economic necessity.
The grid is under capacity strain during the heatwave.
The power system is at its limit.
Technical stress.
We observed a capacity turnout for the local elections.
Maximum number of voters.
Political context.
The hard drive is at capacity status.
It is completely full.
Computing terminology.
The shelter reached capacity intake last night.
Could not accept more people.
Social services.
The port is handling capacity cargo volumes.
Maximum shipping traffic.
Logistics.
The economy is nearing capacity output, risking inflation.
Producing at the theoretical maximum.
Macroeconomic context.
The stadium’s capacity configuration was altered for the concert.
The way seats are arranged for max people.
Technical noun-adj compound.
We are facing capacity constraints in our supply chain.
Limits that stop us from growing.
Business strategy.
The network reached capacity throughput during the broadcast.
Maximum data transfer reached.
Engineering term.
The prison system is at capacity occupancy.
No more room for inmates.
Legal/Social report.
Capacity utilization has dropped to 70% this quarter.
How much of the potential is used.
Statistical term.
The brain has capacity limits for short-term memory.
Biological maximums.
Scientific context.
The reservoir is at capacity storage after the rains.
It cannot hold more water.
Hydrology.
The industrial sector is characterized by capacity redundancy.
Having more potential than needed.
Advanced economic theory.
The algorithm hit a capacity ceiling in processing speed.
Reached an unbreakable limit.
Computational theory.
The city's infrastructure is at capacity saturation.
Completely overwhelmed.
Urban planning.
We must address the capacity deficit in rural healthcare.
Lack of maximum needed resources.
Policy analysis.
The ecosystem has reached its capacity threshold for pollutants.
The point of no return for waste.
Environmental science.
The auditorium was designed for capacity acoustics.
Sound quality when full.
Specialized architecture.
The market is at capacity absorption for new tech products.
Consumers cannot buy any more.
Market saturation.
The project suffered from capacity overreach.
Trying to do more than possible.
Management critique.
よく使う組み合わせ
よく使うフレーズ
よく混同される語
Means 'roomy' or 'large', whereas 'capacity' means 'full to the limit'.
Refers to the power to do something, not the volume it can hold.
The state of being imprisoned; sounds similar but unrelated.
慣用句と表現
間違えやすい
文型パターン
使い方
Implies a measured, official limit rather than just a feeling of being full.
High in journalism and business; medium in daily conversation.
- Using it as a predicative adjective: 'The stadium was capacity.'
- Confusing with 'capacious' (roomy).
- Redundancy: 'The maximum capacity crowd.'
- Misspelling: 'Cappacity' or 'Capasity'.
- Using it to describe a person's mood (it only describes systems/spaces).
ヒント
Headline Hero
Use 'capacity' in titles or headlines to save space and sound authoritative. 'Capacity Crowd at Wembley' is a classic headline style.
The 'At' Rule
If you aren't putting 'capacity' before a noun, always use the preposition 'at'. 'The bus is at capacity' is the standard non-attributive form.
Efficiency Talk
In interviews, talk about 'operating at capacity' to show you are hardworking and efficient with your time and resources.
Beyond Full
When 'full' feels too simple, 'capacity' adds a layer of technical accuracy to your description of spaces.
Avoid Redundancy
Instead of writing 'the full capacity crowd,' just write 'the capacity crowd.' It is cleaner and more professional.
Emphasis
When saying 'capacity crowd,' put a slight emphasis on 'capacity' to highlight how impressive the turnout is.
Context Clues
If you hear 'capacity' in a business news report, it almost always refers to manufacturing or economic output limits.
B2/C1 Exams
This is a high-value word for the Cambridge FCE/CAE exams, especially in the 'Use of English' section.
Visualizing Limits
Think of a glass of water filled to the very brim. That is the 'capacity' level. Use the word when that image fits.
Event Planning
If you are organizing an event, use 'capacity limit' in your safety documentation to sound official.
暗記しよう
語源
Latin
文化的な背景
Often used in theater and 'sold out' concert descriptions.
Commonly used in sports broadcasting (NFL, MLB).
A key metric for measuring economic health (Capacity Utilization Rate).
実生活で練習する
実際の使用場面
会話のきっかけ
"Have you ever been in a capacity crowd that felt overwhelming?"
"How does a factory manage capacity production during the holidays?"
"What happens to a city's transport when it reaches capacity levels?"
"Do you prefer capacity audiences or smaller, intimate settings?"
"Is your phone's storage currently at capacity?"
日記のテーマ
Describe a time you were part of a capacity crowd. How did it feel?
Discuss the challenges a business faces when it hits capacity production.
Write about a system in your life that is currently at capacity (e.g., your schedule).
よくある質問
10 問No, you should say 'The room is at capacity' or 'It is a capacity room.' 'Capacity' as an adjective is almost always used before the noun.
Yes, they are very similar. 'Capacity crowd' emphasizes that the physical space is full, while 'sold-out' emphasizes that all tickets were purchased.
It is when a factory or company is producing as much as it possibly can with its current machines and workers.
Yes, it is more formal than 'full' or 'packed' and is preferred in professional writing.
Yes, but only to describe a group, like a 'capacity audience' or 'capacity crowd,' not an individual person.
It means something is almost full, but there is still a little bit of room left.
Technically yes, because 'capacity' already means the maximum, but it is a very common phrase used for emphasis.
It is pronounced kə-PAS-ə-tee, with the stress on the second syllable.
Yes, you can say 'capacity storage' or 'the drive is at capacity.'
A 'sparse crowd' or an 'empty house' would be the opposite.
自分をテスト 180 問
/ 180 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
The adjective 'capacity' is your go-to word for describing a 'sold-out' or '100% utilized' state in a professional way. It emphasizes that a hard physical or operational limit has been reached, leaving no room for more.
- As an adjective, 'capacity' describes something that has reached its absolute maximum limit, whether in terms of people, volume, or industrial output.
- It is primarily used before nouns (attributive use), such as in the common phrases 'capacity crowd' or 'capacity production' to denote fullness.
- The word carries a formal and precise tone, making it ideal for journalism, business reports, and technical descriptions of systems and venues.
- Using 'capacity' signals that there is no more room for growth or addition without expanding the underlying structure or physical space.
Headline Hero
Use 'capacity' in titles or headlines to save space and sound authoritative. 'Capacity Crowd at Wembley' is a classic headline style.
The 'At' Rule
If you aren't putting 'capacity' before a noun, always use the preposition 'at'. 'The bus is at capacity' is the standard non-attributive form.
Efficiency Talk
In interviews, talk about 'operating at capacity' to show you are hardworking and efficient with your time and resources.
Beyond Full
When 'full' feels too simple, 'capacity' adds a layer of technical accuracy to your description of spaces.
例文
We had a capacity crowd at the local theater for the opening night of the play.
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