trial
A trial is a formal meeting in court where a judge or jury decides if someone is guilty of a crime.
Explanation at your level:
A trial is a meeting in court. A judge listens to people. They decide if someone is bad or good. You can also have a trial for a new phone. It means you use it for a short time to see if you like it.
A trial is when a judge listens to facts in a court. It helps decide if a person broke the law. We also use this word for testing things. For example, you can have a free trial of a movie app to see if it is fun.
In a legal context, a trial is a formal process to decide guilt. You might hear people say someone is 'on trial.' Outside of court, it refers to a test. If you want to see if a product works well, you might do a trial run before you buy it.
The word trial carries two main meanings. Legally, it refers to the judicial examination of a case. It is a high-stakes environment. In a broader sense, it refers to an experiment or a test of quality. It is common to hear about 'clinical trials' in medicine or 'trial periods' in employment contracts to assess performance.
Beyond the standard legal definition, trial often implies a process of scrutiny. In academic or scientific writing, a 'controlled trial' is a rigorous method of testing a hypothesis. The word implies a sense of gravity; to be 'on trial' can be a metaphor for being under intense public or personal scrutiny. It suggests a process where the outcome is uncertain and the stakes are high.
Etymologically, trial serves as a bridge between the physical act of sorting and the abstract concept of justice. In literary and philosophical contexts, it can represent a 'trial of the soul'—an ordeal that refines character. It is a word that inherently suggests a transition from chaos to order through the mechanism of examination. Whether in a courtroom or a laboratory, it remains a fundamental instrument for establishing truth in a complex world.
30秒でわかる単語
- A trial is a formal court proceeding.
- It also means a test or experiment.
- It is a countable noun.
- Commonly used in legal and scientific contexts.
When you hear the word trial, you likely think of a courtroom drama. At its core, a trial is a formal legal process designed to find the truth. It is the stage where the prosecution and the defense present their arguments, evidence, and witnesses to a judge or jury.
However, the word is quite versatile! Outside of the law, a trial can simply mean a test. Think of a 'free trial' for a video game or a 'clinical trial' for a new medicine. In both cases, the goal is to see how something performs under real-world conditions. Whether it is a legal battle or a product test, a trial is always about evaluation and decision-making.
The word trial has a fascinating journey through time. It traces its roots back to the Anglo-French word trier, which means 'to sift' or 'to try.' It is related to the idea of separating the good from the bad, much like sifting grain.
By the 13th century, it entered Middle English as triel. Interestingly, the concept of 'trying' something—meaning to test it—evolved alongside the legal meaning. It reflects the old belief that a legal proceeding was a way to 'sift' through the lies to find the objective truth. It is a great example of how a word can bridge the gap between physical action (sifting) and abstract concepts (justice).
In English, we use trial in several ways depending on the context. In a legal sense, we often pair it with verbs like stand, face, or undergo. You might say, 'He will stand trial for his actions,' which sounds very serious and formal.
In everyday life, we use it for testing. You might hear about a clinical trial in science or a trial run when you are practicing a presentation. It is a neutral term in science and business, but carries significant weight in criminal justice. Always be careful with the register; using it to describe a minor disagreement as a 'trial' might sound overly dramatic!
Idioms involving 'trial' often highlight the difficulty of the process.
- Trial and error: The process of solving a problem by trying different methods until one works.
- Stand trial: To be formally accused and judged in a court of law.
- Trial by fire: A very difficult experience that tests your ability to handle pressure.
- A trial separation: A period where a couple lives apart to decide if they want to stay together.
- On trial: Currently being judged or tested.
The word trial is a countable noun. Its plural form is trials. In terms of pronunciation, the British and American IPA are both /ˈtraɪ.əl/. The stress is firmly on the first syllable.
It is often used with articles: 'a trial' (indefinite) or 'the trial' (definite). Be careful not to confuse it with the verb 'try.' While 'try' is an action, 'trial' is the noun representing the event or the test itself. It rhymes with words like vial, dial, and denial.
Fun Fact
It comes from the same root as 'triangulate' (three-sided), as trials often involved three parties.
Pronunciation Guide
Clear 'try' sound followed by 'ul'.
Similar to UK, very clear vowel sounds.
Common Errors
- Pronouncing it like 'trail'.
- Swallowing the final 'al' sound.
- Misplacing the stress.
Rhymes With
Difficulty Rating
Easy to read
Moderate
Easy
Easy
What to Learn Next
Prerequisites
Learn Next
上級
Grammar to Know
Countable Nouns
A trial / Two trials
Articles
The trial
Verb-Noun Collocations
Stand trial
Examples by Level
The trial is in the court.
trial = court meeting
Use 'the' for a specific trial.
I have a free trial.
trial = test
Countable noun.
The trial is long.
long = takes time
Simple adjective use.
He is at the trial.
at = location
Preposition 'at' for location.
The trial starts today.
starts = begins
Present tense for schedule.
It is a new trial.
new = not old
Indefinite article 'a'.
The trial was hard.
hard = difficult
Past tense 'was'.
We watch the trial.
watch = look at
Verb 'watch' with noun.
The jury listened to the trial.
She wants a free trial of the software.
The trial will last for two weeks.
He is waiting for his trial to begin.
They held a trial run of the new system.
The judge ended the trial early.
Many people watched the famous trial.
The trial revealed the truth.
The lawyer prepared for the upcoming trial.
Clinical trials are necessary for new medicines.
She was nervous about standing trial.
The company offered a 30-day trial period.
After a long trial, the defendant was found innocent.
The trial showed that the plan would not work.
He faced a trial by fire in his new job.
They are conducting a trial of the new engine.
The high-profile trial attracted media attention from around the world.
The pharmaceutical company is currently undergoing clinical trials.
He was put on trial for his involvement in the scandal.
The software is available for a limited trial version.
The defense attorney requested a new trial due to new evidence.
It was a trial of endurance for the young athletes.
The trial period allows employees to prove their skills.
The evidence presented at trial was overwhelming.
The integrity of the judicial trial was questioned by the public.
She viewed the difficult project as a trial of her professional capabilities.
The case was dismissed before it could even reach trial.
Rigorous clinical trials are the gold standard for medical research.
He felt as though his entire life was on trial during the investigation.
The judge presided over the trial with absolute impartiality.
A fair trial is the cornerstone of a democratic society.
The company launched a trial phase to test market interest.
The trial served as a crucible, testing the mettle of everyone involved.
In the trial of public opinion, he had already been convicted.
The legal system ensures that every citizen receives a fair trial.
The trial of the century captivated the nation for months.
He endured the trial with stoic resolve.
The scientific trial yielded inconclusive results.
A trial by jury is a fundamental right in many jurisdictions.
The trial of his patience was nearly at an end.
よく使う組み合わせ
Idioms & Expressions
"trial and error"
Learning by making mistakes.
I learned coding through trial and error.
neutral"stand trial"
To be judged in court.
He will stand trial for theft.
formal"trial by fire"
A very difficult first experience.
My first day was a trial by fire.
casual"on trial"
Being tested or judged.
My patience is on trial today.
neutral"a trial separation"
Living apart to test a relationship.
They decided on a trial separation.
neutral"bring to trial"
To make someone face a court.
They hope to bring him to trial soon.
formalEasily Confused
Sounds similar.
Trail is a path; trial is a test.
Follow the trail to the trial.
Same root.
Try is a verb; trial is a noun.
Try to win the trial.
Both legal.
Tribunal is a specific type of court.
The tribunal held a trial.
Similar meaning.
Test is general; trial is formal.
Take the test, face the trial.
Sentence Patterns
The trial of [person]
The trial of the century.
A trial for [crime]
A trial for robbery.
Undergo a trial
The drug must undergo a trial.
Stand trial for
He will stand trial for his crimes.
A free trial of
A free trial of the software.
語族
Nouns
Verbs
Adjectives
関連
How to Use It
8
Formality Scale
よくある間違い
'Try' is a verb, 'trial' is the noun.
The phrase is idiomatic.
Different spelling and meaning.
Trial implies a formal test.
It needs an article.
Tips
Memory Palace
Imagine a courtroom inside your house.
Native usage
Use 'trial run' for practice.
Cultural Insight
Trials are central to Western law.
Grammar Shortcut
Always use an article.
Say It Right
Focus on the 'try' sound.
Don't say 'a tryal'.
It is spelled 'trial'.
Did You Know?
It relates to sifting grain.
Study Smart
Read news about trials.
Memorize It
Mnemonic
A TRI-AL is a TRI-angle of judge, jury, and defendant.
Visual Association
A courtroom with a judge in the middle.
Word Web
チャレンジ
Use 'trial' in a sentence about a new hobby.
語源
Anglo-French
Original meaning: To sift or separate.
文化的な背景
Legal terms can be sensitive; avoid using 'trial' lightly when discussing real crimes.
Trials are a cornerstone of the justice system in the US and UK.
Practice in Real Life
Real-World Contexts
Legal
- stand trial
- jury trial
- fair trial
Business
- trial period
- trial run
- free trial
Science
- clinical trial
- controlled trial
- results of the trial
Daily Life
- trial and error
- trial separation
- trial of patience
Conversation Starters
"Have you ever participated in a trial for a product?"
"Do you think jury trials are fair?"
"What is the most famous trial you have heard of?"
"Is learning by trial and error effective for you?"
"Would you like to work in a courtroom?"
Journal Prompts
Describe a time you learned something through trial and error.
Write about a fictional trial you would like to see.
How does a trial help us find the truth?
Reflect on a 'trial by fire' experience in your life.
よくある質問
8 問No, a trial can be a test of a new product.
Yes, usually for a software or service.
No, a trial happens inside a court.
A practice session.
Yes, trials.
No, it is a noun.
Yes, a 'trial' can be a tryout for a team.
From the idea of sifting for truth.
自分をテスト
The ___ is in the court.
Trial is the court event.
What is a trial?
A trial is a test.
A trial is always in a court.
It can also be a product test.
Word
意味
Definitions match.
Standard subject-verb order.
スコア： /5
Summary
A trial is a formal way to test the truth in court or to test the quality of something in life.
- A trial is a formal court proceeding.
- It also means a test or experiment.
- It is a countable noun.
- Commonly used in legal and scientific contexts.
Memory Palace
Imagine a courtroom inside your house.
Native usage
Use 'trial run' for practice.
Cultural Insight
Trials are central to Western law.
Grammar Shortcut
Always use an article.
例文
The trial will start next week at the city court.
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文脈で学ぶ
関連フレーズ
lawの関連語
bail
A1Bail is a sum of money paid to a court so that a person who has been accused of a crime can stay out of jail until their trial starts. If the person shows up for their court date, the money is usually returned.
bankruptcy
A1個人や会社がお金を返せなくなった状態のこと。裁判所が関わって、借金をどうするか決める手続きだよ。
burden of proof
A1自分の言ったことが真実だと証明する責任のことです。何かを主張する人は、それを証明しなければなりません。
charge
A1警察や裁判所が、誰かが犯罪を犯したと公式に疑いをかけることだよ。
clause
A1契約書や法律文書の中の、特定の条件や規則を説明する部分のことを条項といいます。
compensation
A1損失や怪我、苦痛などに対する埋め合わせとして支払われる金銭のことです。
compliance
A1Compliance is the act of following a rule, law, or specific order. It is most often used to describe when a person or a company obeys legal requirements or safety standards.
confidentiality
A1Confidentiality means keeping information secret or private. It is a rule that says you cannot tell other people's secrets to anyone else.
conviction
A1裁判で有罪だと確定すること。または、固い信念という意味もあるよ。
copyright
A1作ったもの（本や歌など）を、他の人が勝手にコピーしたり使ったりできないようにする権利のこと。制作者だけが管理できるんだ。
