このページをあなたの言語で

English

فارسی

العربية

Deutsch

Español

Français

한국어

Português

中文

हिन्दी

B1 adjective #8,000 よく出る 10分で読める

desarreglado

上位8,000

練習する例文メモとヒント desarreglado 30秒で

解説 desarreglado in your Level:

At the A1 level, you should understand 'desarreglado' as a word for 'messy' or 'not tidy'. Think of it as the opposite of 'limpio' (clean) or 'ordenado' (ordered), though it has its own special meaning. You use it when you see a room with toys on the floor or a person who has not combed their hair. It is usually used with the verb 'estar'. For example, 'El niño está desarreglado'. You don't need to know the complex grammar yet, just that it describes something that looks a bit chaotic or messy. It is a useful word to describe people in pictures or your own bedroom when you haven't cleaned it. Remember to change the ending: 'desarreglado' for a boy or a room (cuarto), and 'desarreglada' for a girl or a house (casa).

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

At the A2 level, you begin to distinguish between different types of 'messy'. While you know 'sucio' means dirty, 'desarreglado' specifically means that things are out of place or someone's appearance is unkempt. You should be able to use it in simple sentences to describe your daily routine or your environment. For instance, 'Después de jugar, mi pelo está desarreglado'. You are also learning the difference between 'ser' and 'estar'. Use 'está desarreglado' for a temporary mess and 'es desarreglado' if you want to say someone is always messy. You might also see the verb 'desarreglar', which means 'to mess up'. This is a step up from A1 because you are starting to see how the word fits into the larger family of Spanish verbs and adjectives.

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

At the B1 level, 'desarreglado' becomes a key descriptive adjective for more nuanced storytelling and conversation. You should understand that it comes from 'arreglar' (to fix/arrange). This level requires you to use the word to describe not just physical objects, but also personal appearance in social contexts. You can use it to explain why you are late or why you can't go out ('Estoy muy desarreglada, necesito ducharme'). You also start to use synonyms like 'desordenado' or 'despeinado' to be more specific. You should be comfortable with the gender and number agreement in more complex sentences, such as 'Las maletas quedaron desarregladas después de la revisión en la aduana'. It's also the level where you might encounter the word in intermediate reading materials, describing a character's emotional state through their physical appearance.

At the B2 level, you should be able to use 'desarreglado' with more sophistication, including its use in idiomatic expressions or fashion contexts (like 'desarreglado pero elegante'). You understand the subtle social implications of the word—how appearing 'desarreglado' in certain formal situations can be seen as a lack of respect. You can also use the word in more abstract ways, perhaps describing a plan or a situation that has become 'messy' or 'disorganized'. Your vocabulary is expanding to include words like 'desaliñado', and you can explain the difference between them. You are also proficient in using the reflexive 'desarreglarse' to describe the action of getting messy. You can handle the word in all tenses, including the subjunctive: 'No me gusta que mi oficina esté desarreglada'.

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

At the C1 level, you use 'desarreglado' with native-like precision. You understand its place in various registers, from informal family talk to more formal descriptive prose. You might use it to describe the 'desarreglo' (the noun form) of a system or a political situation, though 'desorden' is more common there. You are aware of the word's etymological roots and can use related words like 'desarreglar' in the figurative sense of 'upsetting' someone's plans or health. You can appreciate the use of 'desarreglado' in literature to create atmosphere or characterize a person's descent into madness or poverty. Your use of the word is effortless, and you can switch between synonyms like 'prolijo' (its opposite) and 'desaliñado' to achieve exactly the right tone in your writing.

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

At the C2 level, you have a complete mastery of 'desarreglado' and its entire word family. You can use it in highly nuanced ways, perhaps in a literary critique to describe the 'intentionally disheveled' structure of a poem or a novel. You understand the historical evolution of the word and how its usage might differ across various Spanish-speaking regions. You can use the word to make subtle points about aesthetics, social class, or psychological states. You might also use the noun 'desarreglo' to refer to a physical ailment (like a 'desarreglo estomacal'). Your command of the word allows you to use it in complex metaphorical constructions, and you can perfectly distinguish its usage from highly specific terms like 'atrabiliario' or 'estrafalario' depending on the exact nuance of the 'messiness' you wish to convey.

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

練習する例文メモとヒント

desarreglado 30秒で

Desarreglado is a Spanish adjective meaning untidy, messy, or disheveled, primarily used to describe personal appearance or physical spaces that lack order.
It is the direct opposite of 'arreglado' (tidy/fixed) and is most frequently used with the verb 'estar' to indicate a temporary state.
When applied to people, it suggests uncombed hair or wrinkled clothes. When applied to rooms, it indicates a lack of organization or cleanliness.
Grammatically, it must agree in gender and number with the noun it modifies (desarreglado/a/os/as), making it a versatile descriptive tool.

The Spanish adjective desarreglado is a versatile and essential term for any intermediate learner. At its core, it describes a state of disorder, lack of grooming, or a general absence of neatness. Derived from the verb arreglar (to fix, arrange, or tidy), the prefix des- acts as a negator, effectively meaning 'un-arranged' or 'disarranged'. While English speakers might use 'messy' for everything from a bedroom to a person's hair, Spanish nuances this with desarreglado, which often carries a specific connotation regarding physical appearance or the state of an object that should otherwise be orderly.

Appearance and Grooming: When referring to a person, being desarreglado implies they haven't combed their hair, their clothes might be wrinkled, or they are wearing mismatched items. It is less about being 'dirty' (sucio) and more about lacking 'polish' or 'order'.

Llegó a la entrevista de trabajo con el cabello totalmente desarreglado por el viento.

Physical Spaces: Although desordenado is more common for a messy room, desarreglado is used when something that was previously set up correctly has become disturbed. For example, a bed that hasn't been made or a table setting that has been moved around.

Context is everything. If you are at home on a Sunday morning, being desarreglado is expected and acceptable. However, if you appear desarreglado at a wedding, it is considered a significant faux pas. The word captures that specific 'just rolled out of bed' or 'caught in a storm' look that English 'untidy' doesn't quite fully encapsulate. It suggests a deviation from a standard of care that is usually expected in a given social context.

No quiero que me veas así, estoy muy desarreglada hoy.

Mechanical or Technical Contexts: Less commonly, it can refer to something that has been 'un-fixed' or 'broken down' if it relates to a previous 'arreglo' (arrangement/fix). If a mechanism was precisely aligned and now isn't, it is desarreglado.

El mecanismo del reloj parece desarreglado después de la caída.

In summary, use this word when you want to describe something or someone that lacks its usual or necessary order. It is a step above simply 'messy' and leans towards 'disheveled' or 'untidy'. It is an essential part of the B1 vocabulary because it allows for more precise descriptions of people and environments, moving beyond basic A1/A2 adjectives like feo or mal.

Using desarreglado correctly requires an understanding of the verbs ser and estar. This distinction is crucial for English speakers, as it changes the meaning from a temporary state to a permanent character trait. Most frequently, you will find it paired with estar because untidiness is usually a temporary condition. If you say estoy desarreglado, you mean 'I am messy right now' (perhaps you just woke up). If you say soy desarreglado, you are defining yourself as a habitually messy person.

The 'Estar' Construction (State): Used for temporary lack of grooming or a room that needs cleaning. This is the most common usage.

La habitación está desarreglada porque no tuve tiempo de limpiar esta mañana.

The 'Ser' Construction (Trait): Used to describe a person's general character or lifestyle. It suggests they are consistently untidy.

Mi hermano siempre es muy desarreglado; nunca pone nada en su lugar.

The word also functions perfectly as a direct modifier for nouns. You can talk about a aspecto desarreglado (a disheveled appearance) or a cama desarreglada (an unmade bed). In these cases, it follows the noun and agrees with it in gender and number. It's often used in literature to describe characters who are going through a tough time, as their physical desarreglo reflects their internal state.

Vimos a un hombre de aspecto desarreglado caminando por la orilla del río.

Reflexive Verb Connection: It is related to the reflexive verb desarreglarse, which means to get messy or to mess oneself up.

Me desarreglé el pelo jugando con los niños.

Finally, consider the intensity. You can modify it with un poco (a little), muy (very), or completamente (completely). This allows you to scale the level of messiness you are describing. 'Un poco desarreglado' might just mean a stray hair, while 'totalmente desarreglado' means a total lack of order.

You will encounter desarreglado in a variety of real-world contexts, from domestic life to media. It is a common word in the household, used by parents speaking to children or between partners. If you are living in a Spanish-speaking country, you will almost certainly hear it when someone is apologizing for the state of their home or their appearance. It is a polite way to acknowledge that things aren't as tidy as they 'should' be.

In the Home: Parents often tell their children: '¡Tienes el cuarto muy desarreglado!' (Your room is very messy!). It is the standard term for a lack of domestic order.

Perdona que la casa esté tan desarreglada, es que estamos de mudanza.

Social Media and Fashion: Interestingly, in the world of fashion, there is a 'look' called desarreglado pero elegante (messy but elegant/chic). This refers to a carefully curated style that looks effortless or slightly disheveled on purpose.

Ella siempre lleva ese estilo desarreglado que le queda tan bien.

In news reports or literature, it might be used to describe the state of a place after a disturbance. For example, after a police search or a minor accident, a room might be described as quedó todo desarreglado. It conveys a sense of things being out of their rightful place due to some external force or internal neglect.

Después de la fiesta, el salón estaba completamente desarreglado.

Workplace Etiquette: A boss might comment on a escritorio desarreglado (messy desk), suggesting that the employee needs to organize their workspace to be more productive.

No encuentro los documentos en este escritorio tan desarreglado.

In summary, whether it is a mother scolding a child, a fashion blogger describing a trend, or an apology to a guest, desarreglado is the go-to word for describing that specific state of being out of order or unkempt.

One of the most frequent errors English speakers make with desarreglado is confusing it with sucio (dirty). While a person who is desarreglado might also be sucio, they are not the same thing. You can be perfectly clean but have messy hair and mismatched clothes—this is desarreglado. Conversely, you could be perfectly groomed but have mud on your shoes—this is sucio.

Confusion with 'Desordenado': Learners often use these interchangeably. While similar, desordenado is better for rooms or logical structures (like a messy essay), while desarreglado is better for physical appearance or things that were 'fixed' and became 'unfixed'.

Incorrecto: Mi pelo está desordenado. Correcto: Mi pelo está desarreglado.

Gender and Number Agreement: Since it ends in -o, it must change to -a for feminine nouns and add -s for plurals. Forgetting to change the ending is a common B1-level slip.

Incorrecto: Las camas están desarreglado. Correcto: Las camas están desarregladas.

Overusing the word is another common pitfall. While it's a great word, sometimes more specific words like despeinado (messy hair) or arrugado (wrinkled clothes) are more descriptive. Use desarreglado as a general term for the whole look or state, but dive into specifics when you want to be more evocative.

No digas solo que está desarreglado; si tiene el pelo mal, di que está despeinado.

The 'Ser' vs 'Estar' trap: Be careful not to insult someone permanently. Saying 'eres desarreglado' is a comment on their character. Saying 'estás desarreglado' is a comment on their current state. Use 'estar' unless you really mean to judge their personality.

Cuidado: 'Eres desarreglado' es un insulto personal; 'Estás desarreglado' es solo una observación momentánea.

Lastly, pronunciation can lead to being misunderstood. Ensure you don't skip the 's' or the 'd' sounds. It is de-sa-rre-gla-do. Clear articulation helps distinguish it from other 'des-' words.

Spanish has a rich vocabulary for describing messiness, and knowing when to use desarreglado versus its synonyms will make you sound much more like a native speaker. While desarreglado is the general term for 'untidy', other words offer more specific shades of meaning.

Desordenado vs Desarreglado: Desordenado focus on the lack of order or organization. You'd use it for a messy desk where papers are everywhere. Desarreglado focuses more on the lack of grooming or the 'un-fixing' of something.

Desaliñado: This is a slightly more formal or literary term for desarreglado when referring to personal appearance. It implies a certain slovenliness or neglect of dress.

El poeta vivía en un estado desaliñado, con la ropa vieja y el pelo largo.

Despeinado: Very specific: it only refers to hair. If you say someone is despeinado, you are only talking about their head, not their clothes or their room.

¡Qué despeinado estás! ¿Te ha dado el viento?

On the opposite side, if you want to say someone is very neat, you can use arreglado (the antonym), pulcro (spotless/neat), or impecable (impeccable). Comparing these helps solidify the meaning of desarreglado as the middle ground of 'untidy' rather than 'disastrous'.

Sucio vs Desarreglado: Sucio means dirty (with grime, mud, or stains). Desarreglado is about the arrangement. A person in clean but wrinkled pajamas is desarreglado, not sucio.

No estoy sucio, solo un poco desarreglado porque acabo de despertar.

Mastering these distinctions allows you to paint a clearer picture in the mind of your listener. Choosing desarreglado shows you understand the difference between 'messy' and 'dirty', and between 'disorganized' and 'unkempt'.

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

The root word 'regla' (rule) is the same one that gives us 'regular' and 'regulation', so being 'desarreglado' literally means you are 'out of regulation' regarding your appearance!

発音ガイド

UK /des.a.reˈɣla.ðo/

US /des.a.reˈɡla.ðo/

The primary stress is on the penultimate syllable: 'gla'.

韻が合う語

cansado pintado hablado pesado enamorado llegado cuidado ordenado

よくある間違い

Failing to trill the 'rr' (sounding like a single 'r').
Pronouncing the 'g' too harshly (like English 'goat' instead of a soft Spanish 'g').
Adding a 'u' sound to the final 'o'.
Skipping the 's' in 'des-'.
Pronouncing the 'd' like a hard English 'd' instead of the softer Spanish dental 'd'.

難易度

読解 3/5

Easy to recognize if you know 'arreglar', but gender/number endings are key.

ライティング 4/5

The double 'r' and 'g' can be tricky for spelling.

スピーキング 5/5

Trilling the 'rr' in the middle of a long word is a challenge for many.

リスニング 3/5

Clearly pronounced, but can be confused with 'desordenado' in fast speech.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

arreglar pelo cuarto limpio sucio

次に学ぶ

desordenado desaliñado pulcro impecable despeinado

上級

atrabiliario estrafalario prolijo desarreglo hormonal

知っておくべき文法

Adjective Agreement

La casa (f) está desarreglada (f). Los libros (m) están desarreglados (m).

Ser vs Estar with Adjectives

Soy desarreglado (I am a messy person). Estoy desarreglado (I am messy right now).

Prefix 'Des-' for Negation

Hacer -> Deshacer; Arreglar -> Desarreglar.

Placement of Adjectives

Un hombre desarreglado (After the noun is the standard descriptive position).

Adverbs from Adjectives

Desarreglado -> Desarregladamente (Adding -mente to the feminine form).

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

レベル別の例文

Mi cuarto está desarreglado.

My room is messy.

Uses 'estar' for a temporary state.

Él tiene el pelo desarreglado.

He has messy hair.

Adjective follows the noun 'pelo'.

La niña está un poco desarreglada.

The girl is a bit messy.

Feminine agreement: 'desarreglada'.

Mis libros están desarreglados.

My books are untidy.

Plural agreement: 'desarreglados'.

¿Por qué estás tan desarreglado?

Why are you so messy?

Question form using 'estar'.

La mesa está desarreglada hoy.

The table is messy today.

Feminine singular agreement.

No me gusta estar desarreglado.

I don't like being messy.

Infinitive 'estar' followed by adjective.

Tus zapatos están desarreglados.

Your shoes are untidy (untied/messy).

Plural masculine agreement.

Siempre estoy desarreglado por la mañana.

I am always messy in the morning.

Use of 'siempre' with 'estar' to show a recurring state.

Ella no quiere salir porque está desarreglada.

She doesn't want to go out because she is untidy.

Subordinate clause with 'porque'.

Mi hermano es muy desarreglado con sus cosas.

My brother is very messy with his things.

Uses 'ser' to describe a personality trait.

La cama quedó desarreglada después de la siesta.

The bed was left messy after the nap.

Verb 'quedar' used to show the resulting state.

Tienes que peinarte, estás muy desarreglado.

You have to comb your hair, you are very messy.

Imperative 'tienes que' + infinitive.

Las estanterías de la tienda están desarregladas.

The shop shelves are untidy.

Feminine plural agreement.

Vi a un hombre desarreglado en el parque.

I saw a messy man in the park.

Adjective modifying the direct object.

No dejes tu ropa desarreglada en el sofá.

Don't leave your messy clothes on the sofa.

Negative imperative 'no dejes'.

Me siento un poco desarreglado para ir a un restaurante tan caro.

I feel a bit underdressed/messy to go to such an expensive restaurant.

Reflexive verb 'sentirse' + adjective.

A pesar de estar desarreglado, él se veía muy guapo.

Despite being messy, he looked very handsome.

'A pesar de' followed by the gerund/infinitive.

La oficina estaba tan desarreglada que no pude encontrar el contrato.

The office was so messy that I couldn't find the contract.

Result clause with 'tan... que'.

Ella prefiere el estilo desarreglado porque es más cómodo.

She prefers the messy style because it's more comfortable.

Noun 'estilo' modified by adjective.

Si vienes ahora, me vas a encontrar muy desarreglada.

If you come now, you're going to find me very messy.

Conditional 'si' clause.

El viento dejó mi cabello completamente desarreglado.

The wind left my hair completely messy.

Adverb 'completamente' modifying the adjective.

Es un chico brillante pero muy desarreglado en su trabajo.

He is a brilliant boy but very disorganized in his work.

Conjunction 'pero' connecting two traits.

No entres ahí, el salón todavía está desarreglado por la fiesta.

Don't go in there, the living room is still messy from the party.

Adverb 'todavía' with 'estar'.

Se presentó a la reunión con un aspecto bastante desarreglado.

He showed up to the meeting with a rather disheveled appearance.

Preposition 'con' + noun phrase.

Aunque parezca desarreglado, todo en su maleta tiene un orden.

Although it may look messy, everything in his suitcase has an order.

Concessive clause with 'aunque' + subjunctive.

Había algo en su forma de vestir, algo desarreglado pero atractivo.

There was something in the way she dressed, something messy yet attractive.

Use of 'algo' as a pronoun.

El jardín ha estado desarreglado desde que se mudaron los vecinos.

The garden has been untidy since the neighbors moved out.

Present perfect 'ha estado' with 'desde que'.

No soporto ver los cables tan desarreglados detrás del televisor.

I can't stand seeing the cables so messy behind the TV.

Verb 'soportar' + infinitive.

Su vida personal estaba tan desarreglada como su escritorio.

His personal life was as messy as his desk.

Comparative 'tan... como'.

Me molesta que siempre dejes el baño tan desarreglado.

It bothers me that you always leave the bathroom so messy.

Subjunctive after 'me molesta que'.

El actor tuvo que aparecer desarreglado para el papel del náufrago.

The actor had to appear disheveled for the role of the castaway.

'Tener que' + infinitive.

El desarreglo de su vestimenta contrastaba con la pulcritud de su lenguaje.

The untidiness of his clothing contrasted with the neatness of his language.

Noun form 'desarreglo' used as a subject.

Bajo ese exterior desarreglado se escondía una mente brillante y metódica.

Under that disheveled exterior was hidden a brilliant and methodical mind.

Prepositional phrase 'bajo ese exterior'.

La habitación mostraba un desarreglo que sugería una lucha reciente.

The room showed a messiness that suggested a recent struggle.

Relative clause with 'que sugería'.

A menudo, los genios son representados como personas desarregladas y distraídas.

Geniuses are often portrayed as messy and distracted people.

Passive voice 'son representados'.

El informe era tan desarreglado en su estructura que resultaba ilegible.

The report was so disorganized in its structure that it was illegible.

Abstract use of 'desarreglado'.

No es que sea desarreglado por elección, sino por falta de tiempo crónica.

It's not that he's messy by choice, but rather due to a chronic lack of time.

Contrastive 'no es que... sino...' structure.

Su aspecto desarreglado le impedía conseguir puestos de mayor responsabilidad.

His disheveled appearance prevented him from getting positions of greater responsibility.

Verb 'impedir' with indirect object.

Aquel desarreglo generalizado en la empresa acabó por provocar su quiebra.

That generalized disorganization in the company eventually caused its bankruptcy.

Noun 'desarreglo' with 'generalizado'.

La estética de lo desarreglado ha sido una constante en ciertas vanguardias artísticas.

The aesthetics of the disheveled has been a constant in certain artistic vanguards.

Nominalization 'lo desarreglado'.

Pese a su aparente desarreglo, el ecosistema mantiene un equilibrio homeostático.

Despite its apparent disorder, the ecosystem maintains a homeostatic balance.

Complex preposition 'pese a'.

El autor utiliza el cabello desarreglado de la protagonista como metáfora de su caos interno.

The author uses the protagonist's messy hair as a metaphor for her internal chaos.

Metaphorical usage in literary analysis.

Un desarreglo hormonal puede manifestarse a través de diversos síntomas físicos.

A hormonal imbalance can manifest through various physical symptoms.

Medical use of 'desarreglo'.

La ciudad, tras el paso del huracán, presentaba un aspecto dantesco y desarreglado.

The city, after the hurricane, presented a Dantean and disheveled appearance.

Use of high-level adjective 'dantesco'.

No debemos confundir la espontaneidad con un comportamiento desarreglado y falto de ética.

We must not confuse spontaneity with messy and unethical behavior.

Abstract moral application.

El desarreglo de las finanzas públicas exige una intervención inmediata del gobierno.

The disarray of public finances requires immediate government intervention.

Economic/Political context.

Su prosa, aunque deliberadamente desarreglada, esconde una precisión técnica envidiable.

His prose, although deliberately messy, hides an enviable technical precision.

Adverb 'deliberadamente' modifying the adjective.

類義語

desordenado desaliñado despeinado descuidado sucio hecho un desastre caótico arrugado

反対語

arreglado ordenado pulcro impecable

よく使う組み合わせ

pelo desarreglado

cuarto desarreglado

aspecto desarreglado

ropa desarreglada

cama desarreglada

escritorio desarreglado

completamente desarreglado

un poco desarreglado

bastante desarreglado

estar desarreglado

よく使うフレーズ

Perdona el desarreglo

— A common apology when someone visits and your house is messy. It means 'Excuse the mess'.

Pasa, pasa, y perdona el desarreglo.

Ir desarreglado

— To go somewhere looking untidy or poorly dressed. It implies a lack of effort.

No puedes ir desarreglado a la boda.

Estar hecho un desarreglo

— A variation of 'estar hecho un desastre', meaning to be in a state of total mess.

Ese chico está hecho un desarreglo hoy.

Un desarreglo estomacal

— A common medical euphemism for an upset stomach or digestive issues.

No fui a trabajar por un desarreglo estomacal.

Desarreglado pero limpio

— A way to defend one's appearance, saying that while they look messy, they are not dirty.

Voy desarreglado pero limpio, no te preocupes.

Poner fin al desarreglo

— To stop the chaos or start organizing something that was messy.

Es hora de poner fin al desarreglo de esta oficina.

Vivir en el desarreglo

— To live habitually in a state of messiness or lack of order.

No sé cómo puedes vivir en este desarreglo.

Un desarreglo en los planes

— A figurative use meaning a disruption or mess in one's scheduled plans.

Su cancelación causó un gran desarreglo en nuestros planes.

Aspecto deliberadamente desarreglado

— Referring to a fashion choice where one looks messy on purpose.

Lleva un aspecto deliberadamente desarreglado muy moderno.

Quedar desarreglado

— To end up in a messy state after an event or action.

El sofá quedó desarreglado después de que los niños saltaran sobre él.

よく混同される語

desarreglado vs desordenado

Desordenado is for things out of order; desarreglado is for unkempt appearance.

desarreglado vs sucio

Sucio means dirty; desarreglado means untidy but not necessarily unclean.

desarreglado vs desesperado

Sounds similar but means 'desperate'. Do not confuse them!

慣用句と表現

"Estar como un desarreglo"

— To be extremely untidy in appearance or state.

Mírate al espejo, estás como un desarreglo.

informal

"Hacer un desarreglo"

— To create a significant mess or disorder in a place.

Los cachorros hicieron un desarreglo en la cocina.

neutral

"Tener un desarreglo"

— Often used to refer to a minor health issue or a malfunction.

El coche tiene un desarreglo en el motor.

neutral

"Un desarreglo de mil demonios"

— A very intense or huge mess. Emphasizes the scale of disorder.

Había un desarreglo de mil demonios en la sala.

informal

"Arreglar el desarreglo"

— A play on words meaning to fix the mess that was made.

Me tomó tres horas arreglar el desarreglo de mi hijo.

neutral

"No ser ni arreglado ni desarreglado"

— To be average or indifferent in one's appearance.

Él es un hombre normal, ni muy arreglado ni desarreglado.

neutral

"Desarreglado de pies a cabeza"

— Completely messy from head to toe.

Llegó a casa desarreglado de pies a cabeza tras la excursión.

neutral

"Un desarreglo total"

— Absolute chaos or complete lack of order.

La gestión de la empresa fue un desarreglo total.

neutral

"Sacar provecho del desarreglo"

— To find an advantage in a chaotic situation.

Él sabe cómo sacar provecho del desarreglo de los demás.

neutral

"En medio del desarreglo"

— In the middle of the mess or chaos.

En medio del desarreglo, encontró su anillo perdido.

neutral

間違えやすい

desarreglado vs desordenado

Both mean messy in English.

Desordenado refers to the lack of order in a system or space. Desarreglado refers to the lack of grooming or the state of being 'un-fixed'.

Un cuarto desordenado (messy room) vs. Un pelo desarreglado (messy hair).

desarreglado vs despeinado

Both can describe hair.

Despeinado is specific to hair. Desarreglado is a general term for the whole person or a room.

Estás despeinado, usa un peine.

desarreglado vs desaliñado

Synonyms for untidy appearance.

Desaliñado is more formal and often implies a deeper level of neglect or sloppiness.

El sospechoso tenía un aspecto desaliñado.

desarreglado vs sucio

Messy people are often assumed to be dirty.

Sucio refers to grime or stains. Desarreglado refers to the lack of arrangement.

Tengo la cara sucia de chocolate, pero mi pelo está arreglado.

desarreglado vs deshecho

Used for beds.

While you can say 'cama desarreglada', native speakers usually say 'cama deshecha'.

La cama está deshecha.

文型パターン

Mi [noun] está desarreglado.

Mi cuarto está desarreglado.

No me gusta estar [adjective].

No me gusta estar desarreglado.

Tengo el [body part] desarreglado.

Tengo el pelo desarreglado.

Pareces [adjective] hoy.

Pareces un poco desarreglado hoy.

Aunque esté [adjective], [clause].

Aunque esté desarreglado, voy a salir.

Es tan [adjective] que [result].

Es tan desarreglado que nunca encuentra nada.

El desarreglo de [noun] es [adjective].

El desarreglo de la oficina es inaceptable.

Lo [adjective] de su [noun]...

Lo desarreglado de su aspecto ocultaba su riqueza.

語族

名詞

desarreglo (mess/disorder/imbalance)

arreglo (arrangement/fix)

動詞

desarreglar (to mess up/disarrange)

arreglar (to fix/arrange)

desarreglarse (to get messy)

形容詞

desarreglado (messy/untidy)

arreglado (tidy/well-groomed)

使い方

frequency

Very frequent in daily conversation and domestic settings.

よくある間違い

Using 'ser' for a temporary mess. → Estoy desarreglado.
If you just woke up, you are 'está' (temporary state). Using 'ser' implies you are always a messy person by nature.
Saying 'Mi pelo es desarreglado'. → Tengo el pelo desarreglado.
In Spanish, we use 'tener' + [body part] + [adjective] to describe our features more naturally than using 'ser'.
Forgetting the 's' in 'desarreglado'. → Desarreglado.
Learners sometimes say 'dearreglado'. The 's' is essential as part of the 'des-' prefix.
Confusing 'desarreglado' with 'desesperado'. → Estoy desarreglado (messy).
They sound similar but 'desesperado' means desperate. Telling someone you are 'desesperado' when you just have messy hair is quite funny!
Using it for a broken machine primarily. → La máquina está estropeada.
While 'desarreglado' can mean 'un-fixed', 'estropeado' or 'roto' is much more common for broken objects.

ヒント

Watch the endings

Always check if the noun is masculine, feminine, singular, or plural. This is the most common mistake for B1 students. 'El cuarto desarreglado' but 'La sala desarreglada'.

Use with 'un poco'

To sound more like a native, use 'un poco' (a little) before 'desarreglado'. It makes the description sound more natural and less like a harsh judgment.

Trill that R

The 'rr' in the middle of the word is strong. If you don't trill it, it might sound like a different word or just incorrect Spanish. Practice saying 'rre-gla' repeatedly.

Home vs Person

While you can use it for both, remember that for a room, 'desordenado' is slightly more common, while for a person's look, 'desarreglado' is the winner.

The Stomach Tip

If you are sick in a Spanish-speaking country, 'tengo un desarreglo' is a very polite and common way to say you have stomach issues without being too graphic.

Prefix Power

Notice the 'des-' prefix. It's used in many words to mean 'un-'. Arreglado (fixed) -> Desarreglado (un-fixed/messy). This helps you learn two words for the price of one!

Fashion Talk

If you like the 'shabby chic' or 'messy hair' look, the phrase is 'desarreglado pero elegante'. It’s a great way to describe a specific style.

Avoid 'Hacer'

Don't say 'Hago un desarreglo' to mean 'I am messy'. Use 'Soy desarreglado' or 'Estoy desarreglado'. 'Hacer' is only for causing the mess.

The Apology

Always use 'Perdona el desarreglo' when someone comes to your house unexpectedly. It’s a key piece of Spanish social etiquette.

Desarreglado vs Desaliñado

Use 'desaliñado' in your writing to sound more advanced. It’s the same meaning but carries more weight and shows a larger vocabulary.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of 'DES-ARRANGE-GLAD-O'. You are NOT (des) ARRANGED, and you aren't GLAD about it because you look messy! The 'O' is for the messy circle of your hair.

視覚的連想

Imagine a person with wild, curly hair and a shirt with buttons done up wrong. Visualize the word 'DES-ARREGLADO' written in messy, dripping paint over them.

Word Web

des- (prefix) arreglar (verb) pelo (hair) ropa (clothes) cuarto (room) sucio (dirty) ordenado (tidy) despeinado (uncombed)

チャレンジ

Try to describe three things in your house right now that are 'desarregladas'. Then, describe how you would 'arreglarlas'.

語源

From the Spanish prefix 'des-' (expressing reversal or negation) and the verb 'arreglar' (to arrange/fix). 'Arreglar' comes from 'a-' + 'regla' (rule), from Latin 'regula'.

元の意味： To put something out of its rule or standard order.

Romance (Spanish)

文化的な背景

Be careful when using this word to describe people you don't know well, as it can be interpreted as a criticism of their personal hygiene or social status.

English speakers often use 'messy' for everything. Spanish speakers are more likely to use 'desordenado' for objects and 'desarreglado' for people/appearance.

The 'Look desarreglado' is a common term in Spanish fashion magazines like Vogue España. Characters in Gabriel García Márquez novels often have their internal 'desarreglo' reflected in their physical state. In the song 'Desarreglado' by various indie artists, the word is used to describe an emotional state.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Personal Grooming

Tienes el pelo desarreglado.
Estoy muy desarreglada hoy.
No quiero salir así de desarreglado.
Lleva la ropa muy desarreglada.

Housework

El salón está desarreglado.
Perdona el desarreglo de la casa.
La cama sigue desarreglada.
No dejes tu cuarto desarreglado.

Work/Office

Tu escritorio está un poco desarreglado.
Los archivos están desarreglados.
Es un informe muy desarreglado.
No me gusta trabajar en un entorno desarreglado.

Health/Body

Tengo un desarreglo estomacal.
Sufre un desarreglo hormonal.
Es un pequeño desarreglo físico.
El desarreglo del sueño le afecta.

Fashion/Style

Es un estilo desarreglado pero chic.
Busca un look desarreglado.
Me gusta cómo te queda ese pelo desarreglado.
Esa marca vende ropa con aspecto desarreglado.

会話のきっかけ

"¿Crees que es importante estar siempre arreglado, o te gusta el look desarreglado?"

"¿Qué es lo que más te molesta ver desarreglado en tu casa?"

"¿Te sientes incómodo si sales a la calle un poco desarreglado?"

"¿Cómo reaccionas cuando ves a alguien muy desarreglado en una cita?"

"¿Crees que un escritorio desarreglado ayuda a la creatividad?"

日記のテーマ

Describe un día en el que te sentiste completamente desarreglado y por qué ocurrió.

¿Cuál es la diferencia para ti entre estar 'desarreglado' y estar 'sucio'?

Escribe sobre una persona que conozcas que sea muy desarreglada pero muy exitosa.

¿Cómo cambia tu estado de ánimo cuando tu habitación está desarreglada?

Imagina que vas a una fiesta elegante y todos están desarreglados. ¿Qué pasaría?

よくある質問

10 問

Yes, it is very common. It describes someone who hasn't groomed themselves well—maybe their hair is messy or their clothes are wrinkled. For example: 'Estás muy desarreglado para ir a la iglesia'.

Use 'estar' for 90% of cases because messiness is usually a temporary state. Use 'ser' only if you are describing someone's permanent personality trait of being a messy person.

The feminine plural is 'desarregladas'. You would use this for plural feminine nouns like 'las habitaciones' or 'las niñas'.

No. 'Sucio' means dirty. You can be 'desarreglado' but perfectly clean. It just means things are not in their proper place or you haven't groomed yourself.

The most natural way is 'Perdona el desarreglo' or 'Perdona que la casa esté tan desarreglada'.

It can be a mild criticism, but it's not a strong insult. It depends on the tone and context. Telling a friend they are 'desarreglado' is usually helpful advice.

You can, but 'desordenado' (inside) or 'sucio' (outside) is more common. If you mean the engine is not working right, you might say 'el motor está desarreglado'.

The most common opposite is 'arreglado', which means tidy, neat, or well-groomed.

Yes, it is a standard Spanish word used across Latin America and Spain.

Yes, like a 'desarreglo en los planes' (a mess in the plans) or a 'desarreglo hormonal' (hormonal imbalance).

無料登録してヒントとメモを見る