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A1 verb #700 よく出る 10分で読める

Llamar

上位700

練習する例文メモとヒント Llamar 30秒で

解説 Llamar in your Level:

At the A1 level, 'llamar' is one of the very first verbs you will learn. Its primary use is reflexive: 'llamarse'. You use it to introduce yourself ('Me llamo...') and to ask others for their names ('¿Cómo te llamas?'). You also learn it in the context of basic phone communication, such as 'Te llamo mañana' (I'll call you tomorrow). At this stage, the focus is on the present tense and the most common daily interactions. You should also be aware of the 'personal a' when calling people, although teachers are usually lenient with this at the beginning. The goal is to understand that 'llamar' connects a person to their name or a person to a communication device. It is a regular -ar verb, making it easy to conjugate in the present tense: llamo, llamas, llama, llamamos, llamáis, llaman.

At the A2 level, you expand your use of 'llamar' to include the past tenses (Pretérito Indefinido and Pretérito Imperfecto). You might say 'Me llamó ayer' (He/She called me yesterday) or 'Cuando era niño, me llamaban Pepito' (When I was a child, they used to call me Pepito). You also start using 'llamar' for more varied purposes, like 'llamar a la puerta' (to knock on the door) or 'llamar a un taxi'. You begin to understand the difference between direct and indirect objects, although 'llamar' primarily uses direct object pronouns (lo/la). You also encounter the phrase 'llamar la atención' in a basic sense, like 'Ese color llama la atención' (That color catches the eye).

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At the B1 level, you start using 'llamar' in more complex grammatical structures, including the present subjunctive. For example, 'Espero que me llames' (I hope you call me). You also learn more idiomatic expressions and the noun form 'la llamada'. You might discuss 'llamadas perdidas' (missed calls) or 'hacer una llamada'. The use of 'llamar' to mean 'to summon' becomes more common, such as 'El jefe nos llamó a su oficina'. You also become more proficient with the 'personal a' and start to notice regional variations like 'leísmo' (using 'le' for 'lo' when referring to a man), which is common in Spain. Your vocabulary expands to include synonyms like 'telefonear' for more formal contexts.

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At the B2 level, 'llamar' appears in more abstract and figurative contexts. You will use expressions like 'llamar a filas' (to call to arms/draft) or 'llamar a capítulo' (to call someone to account/reprimand). You understand the nuance of 'llamar la atención' not just as 'being bright' but as 'to reprimand' someone ('El profesor me llamó la atención por hablar'). You are comfortable using 'llamar' in all moods and tenses, including the conditional and the past subjunctive ('Si me llamaras, iría'). You also start to see the verb in more formal or literary texts where it might mean 'to name' in a more philosophical sense, or in legal contexts like 'llamar a declarar' (to call to testify).

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At the C1 level, you have a near-native grasp of 'llamar'. You can use it to express subtle shades of meaning. You might use 'llamamiento' (an appeal or a call) in a political or social context. You understand the historical and etymological roots of the word and how it relates to other words like 'clamar' (to cry out). You can use 'llamar' in complex passive constructions and are aware of its use in classic literature. You also master the various registers, knowing when 'llamar' is too informal and when a word like 'convocar' or 'denominar' would be more appropriate. Your use of pronouns with 'llamar' is flawless, and you can navigate the 'leísmo' vs 'loísmo' debate with ease.

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At the C2 level, 'llamar' is used with total precision and stylistic flair. You can appreciate its use in poetry and high-level academic discourse. You might use it in phrases like 'lo que dieron en llamar' (what they came to call), which adds a layer of sophistication to your speech. You understand the most obscure idioms and can use the verb to create puns or double meanings. You are also aware of how 'llamar' has evolved in different Spanish-speaking countries and can adapt your usage accordingly. At this level, 'llamar' is no longer just a vocabulary word; it is a versatile tool that you use to weave complex narratives and arguments, reflecting a deep cultural and linguistic immersion.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

Llamar 30秒で

Llamar is a regular -ar verb primarily meaning 'to call' on the phone or by shouting a name to get attention.
The reflexive form 'llamarse' is the standard way to introduce yourself or ask for someone's name in Spanish.
It requires the 'personal a' when the direct object is a person, such as 'Llamo a mi amigo'.
Common idioms include 'llamar la atención' (to attract attention) and 'llamar a la puerta' (to knock on the door).

The Spanish verb llamar is a versatile cornerstone of communication, fundamentally translating to 'to call' in English. However, its utility extends far beyond a simple telephone conversation. At its core, llamar involves the act of summoning, naming, or attracting notice. Whether you are shouting for a friend across a crowded plaza, dialing a number on your smartphone, or simply introducing yourself using the reflexive form llamarse, this verb is indispensable for daily interaction. Understanding llamar requires recognizing its dual nature as both a transitive verb (calling someone) and a pronominal verb (being named).

The Phone Call: In the modern era, the most frequent use of llamar is in the context of telecommunications. Unlike English, which uses 'call' for both the act of dialing and the act of naming, Spanish speakers often specify the medium, though llamar remains the default. For example, 'Te llamo luego' (I'll call you later) is the standard way to promise a follow-up conversation.
The Act of Naming: When used reflexively as llamarse, the verb translates to 'to be called' or 'to have the name of'. This is the very first phrase most Spanish students learn: '¿Cómo te llamas?' (What is your name? / How do you call yourself?). This reflexive usage is mandatory when identifying people, pets, or even inanimate objects by their specific titles.

¿Puedes llamar a un taxi para ir al aeropuerto?

Translation: Can you call a taxi to go to the airport?

Beyond these basics, llamar appears in various idiomatic expressions that describe sensory experiences. To 'llamar la atención' is to attract attention or to be striking. To 'llamar a la puerta' is the standard way to say 'to knock on the door'. In these contexts, the verb functions as a trigger for an action or a reaction. It is a verb of initiation—starting a conversation, starting a relationship, or starting a process of identification.

El profesor decidió llamar a los estudiantes por sus apellidos.

Translation: The teacher decided to call the students by their last names.

Summoning and Shouting: In a more physical sense, llamar is used when you are physically trying to get someone's attention by shouting their name or using a signal. If you are in a restaurant and need the waiter, you might 'llamar al camarero'. It implies an active effort to establish contact.

In conclusion, llamar is not just a verb; it is the mechanism by which Spanish speakers navigate social identity and connectivity. From the moment you meet someone and ask their name to the moment you call for help in an emergency, llamar is the linguistic tool that bridges the gap between individuals. Its regularity as an '-ar' verb makes it easy to conjugate, but its depth of meaning makes it a lifelong study for learners seeking fluency.

Using llamar correctly involves understanding its syntax, especially regarding objects and reflexive pronouns. Because it is a regular -ar verb, its conjugation follows the standard pattern, which is a relief for beginners. However, the sentence structure changes significantly depending on whether you are naming yourself, calling a person, or calling a place.

Reflexive Construction (Llamarse): When expressing a name, the verb must be reflexive. The structure is: [Reflexive Pronoun] + [Conjugated Form of Llamar] + [Name]. For example, 'Me llamo Ricardo' literally translates to 'I call myself Ricardo'. This is the standard way to introduce oneself in Spanish, rather than saying 'Mi nombre es', which is less common in casual conversation.

Mis abuelos se llaman Juan y Elena.

Translation: My grandparents' names are Juan and Elena.

When calling someone else, the 'Personal A' is a critical grammatical requirement. If the direct object of the verb is a specific person or a pet, you must place 'a' before them. For instance, 'Llamo a mi madre cada domingo' (I call my mother every Sunday). If you are calling an object or an abstract concept, the 'a' is omitted: 'Llamo a la oficina' (I call the office) vs. 'Llamo al médico' (I call the doctor—'al' is a contraction of 'a' + 'el').

No nos llames después de las diez de la noche.

Translation: Don't call us after ten at night.

The Passive 'Se' and Naming Things: We also use llamar to describe what things are called. '¿Cómo se llama esto en español?' (What is this called in Spanish?). Here, the 'se' functions as a passive marker, indicating that the object 'is called' something by people in general. This is a vital phrase for language learners to expand their vocabulary in real-time.

Furthermore, llamar can be followed by an adjective to describe the manner in which someone is being labeled. 'Lo llamaron mentiroso' (They called him a liar). In this structure, the verb acts as a bridge between the person and the label. Whether you are using it in the past, present, or future, the consistency of llamar as a regular verb allows you to focus more on the surrounding syntax and less on complex stem changes.

In the Spanish-speaking world, llamar is a constant acoustic presence. From the bustling streets of Mexico City to the quiet cafes of Madrid, the word echoes in various contexts. One of the most common places to hear it is in the ritual of introductions. When two people meet, the exchange of names via llamarse is the first step of social bonding. You will hear parents calling their children in parks: '¡Te estoy llamando!' (I am calling you!), emphasizing the immediate need for attention.

In Professional Environments: In offices and businesses, llamar is the verb of coordination. 'Voy a llamar a una reunión' (I am going to call a meeting) or 'Me llamó el cliente' (The client called me). It is the primary verb for professional outreach. You will also hear it in reception areas: 'El doctor le llamará en un momento' (The doctor will call you in a moment).

Alguien está llamando a la puerta, ¿puedes abrir?

Translation: Someone is knocking on the door, can you open it?

Public announcements also frequently use llamar. In airports or train stations, you might hear a 'llamada' (the noun form) for passengers to board. 'Última llamada para el vuelo 402' (Last call for flight 402). Here, the verb is transformed into a formal summons. Similarly, in a theatrical context, 'la llamada a escena' is the call for actors to take the stage.

Esa película me llama mucho la atención por su fotografía.

Translation: That movie really catches my attention because of its photography.

Finally, in the world of marketing and advertising, llamar is used to engage consumers. A 'llamada a la acción' (call to action) is a common marketing term. Advertisements often use the imperative: '¡Llámanos ahora!' (Call us now!). Whether it is a literal phone call or a metaphorical call to interest, the verb is designed to provoke a response. Its ubiquity in both high-stakes professional settings and low-stakes social gatherings makes it a vital word to master for any Spanish learner.

Despite its regularity, llamar presents several pitfalls for English speakers, primarily due to the differences in how both languages handle names and objects. The most frequent error is the literal translation of 'My name is'. While 'Mi nombre es' is grammatically correct, it sounds overly formal or robotic. Beginners often forget to use the reflexive llamarse, saying 'Yo llamo Ricardo' instead of 'Me llamo Ricardo'. The first sentence means 'I am calling Ricardo', which completely changes the intended meaning.

The Personal 'A' Omission: English does not have a personal 'a', so learners often say 'Llamo mi amigo' instead of 'Llamo a mi amigo'. This 'a' is essential when the object is a specific person. Omitting it is one of the clearest markers of a non-native speaker. Even if the person is represented by a pronoun, the underlying logic of the personal 'a' governs the choice of the direct object pronoun.

Incorrecto: Llamo el médico.
Correcto: Llamo al médico.

Another common confusion involves the difference between llamar and nombrar. While both can translate to 'to name', nombrar is used for appointing someone to a position or listing names in a sequence. You wouldn't say 'Me nombro Juan' to introduce yourself. Conversely, llamar is used for the act of calling or the general name someone goes by. Mixing these up can lead to awkward sentences in professional contexts.

Incorrecto: Me llamo por teléfono.
Correcto: Me llaman por teléfono.

The first one implies you are calling yourself.

Lastly, learners often struggle with 'leísmo' (using 'le' instead of 'lo'). While 'le llamo' is accepted in Spain for a male object, 'la llamo' is always used for a female object. Using 'le' for a woman ('le llamo' to mean 'I call her') is generally considered incorrect. Understanding these subtle distinctions in pronoun usage will help you sound more like a native speaker and avoid the 'foreigner's accent' in your grammar.

While llamar is the most common verb for calling, Spanish offers a rich palette of alternatives depending on the specific nuance you wish to convey. Whether you are being more formal, more technical, or more descriptive, choosing the right synonym can elevate your Spanish from basic to advanced. Below are some of the most common alternatives and how they differ from the standard llamar.

Telefonear: This is a more specific and slightly more formal version of llamar when referring strictly to a telephone call. While everyone says 'llamar', 'telefonear' is unambiguous. It is less common in casual speech but appears in formal writing and older literature.
Convocar: When 'calling' means to organize a meeting or a gathering, convocar is the appropriate verb. You 'convocas una huelga' (call a strike) or 'convocas a los medios' (call the media). It implies an official summons or a formal invitation to participate in something collective.

El director decidió convocar a todo el personal para el anuncio.

For the physical act of shouting to get someone's attention, gritar (to shout) or vocear (to cry out) might be used if the emphasis is on the volume. If you are 'calling' someone's name to see if they are there, pasar lista is the specific phrase for 'calling roll' in a classroom. In a religious or spiritual context, invocar (to invoke) is used to 'call upon' a higher power or a spirit.

Debemos avisar a la policía de lo que está ocurriendo.

'Avisar' (to notify/warn) is often used when 'calling' is for the purpose of reporting something.

In summary, while llamar is your 'Swiss Army knife' verb, knowing when to use convocar, avisar, or telefonear will make your Spanish sound more precise and sophisticated. Each of these words carries a specific weight and context that llamar, in its broadness, might occasionally miss.

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

The 'll' in Spanish often comes from the Latin clusters 'cl-', 'pl-', or 'fl-'. In this case, 'cl' in 'clamare' became 'll' in 'llamar'.

発音ガイド

UK /ʝaˈmaɾ/

US /ʝaˈmaɾ/

The stress is on the final syllable: lla-MAR.

韻が合う語

Amar Cantar Hablar Llegar Mirar Pasar Tomar Viajar

よくある間違い

Pronouncing 'll' like an English 'l'.
Pronouncing 'll' like 'j' in 'jam' (though this is common in Argentina/Uruguay).
Putting the stress on the first syllable.
Pronouncing the 'r' like an English 'r' instead of a tap.
Making the 'a' sound like the 'a' in 'cat'.

難易度

読解 1/5

Very easy to recognize in text as it is a frequent word.

ライティング 2/5

Requires remembering the 'personal a' and reflexive pronouns.

スピーキング 2/5

Pronunciation of 'll' can vary by region, but it's generally simple.

リスニング 1/5

Clear phonetic structure makes it easy to hear.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

Yo Tú Nombre Teléfono Hola

次に学ぶ

Hablar Decir Escuchar Preguntar Responder

上級

Convocar Denominar Apelar Clamar Reivindicar

知っておくべき文法

Personal A

Llamo **a** mi padre.

Reflexive Pronouns

**Me** llamo, **te** llamas, **se** llama.

Direct Object Pronouns

**Lo** llamé ayer (I called him).

Regular -ar Conjugation

Yo llam**o**, tú llam**as**, él llam**a**.

Contraction 'al'

Llamo **al** (a + el) médico.

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レベル別の例文

Hola, me llamo Juan.

Hello, my name is Juan.

Uses the reflexive 'me llamo'.

¿Cómo te llamas tú?

What is your name?

Reflexive 'te llamas' for 'you'.

Yo llamo a mi madre.

I call my mother.

Uses the 'personal a' before 'mi madre'.

Ellos llaman a la puerta.

They are knocking on the door.

Third person plural 'llaman'.

¿Puedes llamar a un taxi?

Can you call a taxi?

Infinitive 'llamar' after 'puedes'.

Nosotros llamamos al médico.

We call the doctor.

'al' is a contraction of 'a' + 'el'.

Ella se llama María.

Her name is María.

Reflexive 'se llama' for 'she'.

Te llamo por teléfono.

I call you by phone.

Direct object pronoun 'te'.

Ayer llamé a mi abuela.

Yesterday I called my grandmother.

Pretérito Indefinido (past tense).

Él me llamaba todos los días.

He used to call me every day.

Pretérito Imperfecto (habitual past).

No me llames ahora, estoy ocupado.

Don't call me now, I'm busy.

Negative imperative (subjunctive).

¿Has llamado ya al restaurante?

Have you called the restaurant yet?

Pretérito Perfecto (present perfect).

Esa canción me llama la atención.

That song catches my attention.

Idiomatic use of 'llamar la atención'.

Llamamos a la policía por el ruido.

We called the police because of the noise.

Plural past tense.

Se llamaban los mejores amigos.

They called themselves best friends.

Reflexive used for a reciprocal action.

Voy a llamarte en cinco minutos.

I am going to call you in five minutes.

Pronoun 'te' attached to the infinitive.

Si tienes tiempo, llámame.

If you have time, call me.

Imperative 'llámame' with attached pronoun.

Es importante que llames a tu jefe.

It is important that you call your boss.

Present subjunctive 'llames'.

Me llamó la atención su forma de vestir.

His/her way of dressing caught my attention.

Past tense of the idiom.

Estaba llamando cuando se cortó la línea.

I was calling when the line cut off.

Past progressive 'estaba llamando'.

No creo que me llamen hoy.

I don't think they will call me today.

Subjunctive after 'no creo que'.

El director llamó a una reunión urgente.

The director called an urgent meeting.

Transitive use for summoning.

¿A quién estás llamando?

Who are you calling?

Interrogative with 'a' for a person.

Llamaron a mi hermano para el trabajo.

They called my brother for the job.

Impersonal 'they' (third person plural).

El deber nos llama en este momento crítico.

Duty calls us in this critical moment.

Metaphorical use of 'llamar'.

Me llamó la atención por mi impuntualidad.

He/she reprimanded me for my lateness.

Idiom meaning 'to reprimand'.

Fue llamado a declarar ante el juez.

He was called to testify before the judge.

Passive voice construction.

Llamó a filas a todos los jóvenes del país.

He called all the young men of the country to arms.

Military idiom 'llamar a filas'.

Si me hubieras llamado, te habría ayudado.

If you had called me, I would have helped you.

Past perfect subjunctive in a conditional sentence.

Llamar a las cosas por su nombre es vital.

Calling things by their name is vital.

Infinitive as a subject.

La situación llama a la calma y la reflexión.

The situation calls for calm and reflection.

Abstract use meaning 'to require'.

Me llamó poderosamente la atención ese detalle.

That detail powerfully caught my attention.

Use of adverb 'poderosamente' with the idiom.

Hizo un llamamiento a la unidad nacional.

He made an appeal for national unity.

Noun form 'llamamiento'.

Lo que algunos llaman progreso, otros lo ven como destrucción.

What some call progress, others see as destruction.

Relative clause with 'lo que'.

La vocación le llamó desde muy temprana edad.

The vocation called him from a very early age.

Personification of 'vocación'.

El autor llama a capítulo a la sociedad actual.

The author calls modern society to account.

Sophisticated idiom 'llamar a capítulo'.

No dejes que te llamen a engaño sus palabras.

Don't let his words deceive you.

Idiom 'llamar a engaño' (to deceive).

Se vio llamado a liderar la resistencia.

He found himself called to lead the resistance.

Reflexive passive 'se vio llamado'.

El timbre llamó con una insistencia irritante.

The bell rang with an irritating insistence.

Subject is an inanimate object.

Llamó poderosamente mi atención su elocuencia.

His eloquence powerfully caught my attention.

Inverted sentence structure for emphasis.

Aquello que dieron en llamar 'la generación perdida'.

That which they came to call 'the lost generation'.

Complex verbal periphrasis 'dar en llamar'.

Su prosa llama a los sentidos con gran maestría.

His prose appeals to the senses with great mastery.

Literary use meaning 'to appeal to'.

El destino le llamó por senderos inescrutables.

Destiny called him through inscrutable paths.

Highly poetic and metaphorical usage.

Llamar a las puertas del éxito requiere perseverancia.

Knocking on the doors of success requires perseverance.

Metaphorical extension of 'llamar a la puerta'.

Se le llamó a filas, mas su espíritu era pacífico.

He was called to arms, but his spirit was peaceful.

Passive 'se le llamó' with 'mas' (but).

La campana llamó a rebato ante el inminente peligro.

The bell rang an alarm before the imminent danger.

Archaic/specific idiom 'llamar a rebato'.

No podemos sino llamar a la cordura en estos tiempos.

We can do nothing but call for sanity in these times.

Formal construction 'no podemos sino'.

Su conducta llama a la sospecha de los investigadores.

His conduct invites the suspicion of the investigators.

Use of 'llamar' to mean 'to invite' or 'to provoke'.

よく使う組み合わせ

Llamar por teléfono

Llamar la atención

Llamar a la puerta

Llamar a filas

Llamar a capítulo

Llamar a declarar

Llamar a la calma

Llamar al orden

Llamar por el nombre

Llamar a un taxi

よく使うフレーズ

¿Cómo te llamas?

— What is your name? Literally 'How do you call yourself?'.

Hola, ¿cómo te llamas?

Me llamo...

— My name is... Literally 'I call myself...'.

Me llamo Roberto.

Te llamo luego.

— I'll call you later. A common way to end a conversation.

Ahora no puedo hablar, te llamo luego.

Llamar a cobro revertido

— To make a collect call. Less common now with cell phones.

Tuve que llamar a cobro revertido desde la cabina.

Llamar la atención sobre algo

— To draw attention to something specific.

Quiero llamar la atención sobre este problema.

Llamar a gritos

— To call out loudly or scream for someone.

Me llamó a gritos desde el balcón.

Llamar a las cosas por su nombre

— To speak plainly and honestly about a situation.

Hay que llamar a las cosas por su nombre: esto es un robo.

Llamar a la policía

— To contact emergency services.

¡Rápido, llama a la policía!

Llamar a revisión

— To recall a product for inspection (often cars).

La marca llamó a revisión miles de vehículos.

Llamar a la puerta del éxito

— To be on the verge of succeeding.

Después de años de trabajo, está llamando a la puerta del éxito.

よく混同される語

Llamar vs Nombrar

Nombrar is for appointing or listing; llamar is for contacting or general naming.

Llamar vs Gritar

Gritar is specifically about volume; llamar is about the intent to contact.

Llamar vs Avisar

Avisar means to notify; you might call someone to 'avisar' them of something.

慣用句と表現

"Llamar a capítulo"

— To reprimand someone or demand an explanation for their behavior.

El gerente llamó a capítulo al empleado impuntual.

Formal

"Llamar la atención"

— To be striking or interesting; also to scold someone.

Ese vestido llama mucho la atención.

Neutral

"Llamar a engaño"

— To mislead or deceive someone.

Sus promesas no deben llamarnos a engaño.

Formal

"Llamar a filas"

— To draft someone into military service.

Fue llamado a filas al cumplir los dieciocho.

Neutral

"Llamar a rebato"

— To sound an alarm or alert people to a danger.

Las campanas llamaron a rebato ante el incendio.

Literary

"Llamar al pan pan y al vino vino"

— To call a spade a spade; to speak frankly.

Soy directo y llamo al pan pan y al vino vino.

Informal

"Llamar a la puerta"

— To knock; also used metaphorically for seeking opportunity.

La oportunidad está llamando a tu puerta.

Neutral

"Llamar a la reflexión"

— To invite or provoke deep thought about a subject.

Su discurso llama a la reflexión sobre el clima.

Formal

"Llamar a las armas"

— To summon people to fight or prepare for conflict.

El general llamó a las armas a la población.

Formal

"Llamar por teléfono"

— To make a phone call (standard expression).

Llamame por teléfono cuando termines.

Neutral

間違えやすい

Llamar vs Llama

It's a homonym.

'Llama' can be a flame, the animal (llama), or the third-person singular of 'llamar'. Context is key.

La llama del fuego es roja / La llama vive en los Andes / Él me llama.

Llamar vs Llamado

Participle vs. Noun.

In Latin America, 'llamado' is often used as 'a call' (noun), whereas in Spain 'llamada' is more common.

Atendí el llamado / Recibí una llamada.

Llamar vs Llamativo

Adjective form.

It means 'flashy' or 'striking', related to 'llamar la atención'.

Lleva un color muy llamativo.

Llamar vs Clamar

Similar root.

Clamar is much more dramatic, meaning 'to cry out' or 'to clamor' for something.

El pueblo clama por justicia.

Llamar vs Reclamar

Prefix 're-'.

Reclamar means to complain or to claim something that is yours.

Voy a reclamar mi dinero.

文型パターン

Me llamo [Nombre].

Me llamo Carlos.

¿Cómo te llamas?

¿Cómo te llamas tú?

Llamar a [Persona].

Llamo a mi tía.

Llamar a la puerta.

Llaman a la puerta.

Llamar la atención.

Ese coche llama la atención.

Quiero que me llames.

Quiero que me llames mañana.

Llamar a filas.

Lo llamaron a filas.

Llamar a capítulo.

El director lo llamó a capítulo.

語族

名詞

Llamada (Call)

Llamamiento (Appeal/Summons)

Llamador (Knocker/Caller)

動詞

Llamar (To call)

Llamarse (To be named)

形容詞

Llamativo (Striking/Flashy)

Llamado (Called/Named)

使い方

frequency

Extremely high; one of the top 100 verbs in Spanish.

よくある間違い

Yo llamo Juan. → Me llamo Juan.
You must use the reflexive pronoun 'me' when stating your name. Without it, you are saying 'I am calling Juan'.
Llamo mi hermano. → Llamo a mi hermano.
The 'personal a' is required when the direct object is a person.
Mi nombre llama Juan. → Mi nombre es Juan / Me llamo Juan.
You cannot use 'llamar' as a replacement for 'es' in the phrase 'Mi nombre es'.
Le llamo a ella. → La llamo (a ella).
Llamar takes a direct object pronoun. For a female, it must be 'la', not 'le'.
Llamar la atención a alguien (to mean 'to be striking'). → Llamar la atención (without 'a alguien').
If you add 'a alguien', it often means you are scolding them. If something is just interesting, it 'llama la atención'.

ヒント

The Personal A

Always remember to use 'a' when calling a person. 'Llamo a mi amigo' is correct; 'Llamo mi amigo' is not. This is a common mistake for English speakers.

Introductions

When meeting someone, use '¿Cómo te llamas?' for people your age and '¿Cómo se llama usted?' for elders or in formal settings.

Reflexive vs. Non-reflexive

'Me llamo' means 'My name is'. 'Llamo' means 'I am calling'. Mixing these up can lead to confusing sentences like 'I am calling Juan' instead of 'My name is Juan'.

Attracting Attention

Use 'llamar la atención' when you find something interesting. 'Esa idea me llama la atención' means 'That idea interests me'.

Answering the Phone

In Spain, answer with '¿Diga?'. In Mexico, '¿Bueno?'. In other places, '¿Aló?'. You don't usually use the verb 'llamar' to answer.

The 'LL' Sound

Think of 'll' as the 'y' in 'yellow'. Don't let it sound like an 'L'. This is the most important part of pronouncing 'llamar' correctly.

Formal Summons

In formal writing, use 'convocar' if you are calling a group of people for a specific purpose like a meeting or event.

Leísmo in Spain

If you are in Spain, don't be surprised to hear 'Le llamé' instead of 'Lo llamé'. It's a regional variation that is considered correct there.

Word Family

Learn 'llamada' (the noun) along with 'llamar'. It will help you understand phrases like 'llamada perdida' (missed call).

Daily Routine

Try to narrate your day: 'Llamo a mi madre', 'Llamo a un taxi', 'Me llamo [Nombre]'. Constant repetition helps with the reflexive pronouns.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of a 'YAM' (the vegetable) calling you. Since 'll' sounds like 'y', imagine a giant Yam shouting your name: 'I am calling you!'.

視覚的連想

Visualize a giant telephone shaped like the letters 'LL' ringing loudly in the middle of a street.

Word Web

Teléfono Nombre Puerta Atención Grito Voz Taxi Médico

チャレンジ

Try to use 'llamar' in three different ways today: once to say your name, once to mention a phone call, and once to describe something that 'llama la atención'.

語源

From the Latin verb 'clamare', which means 'to cry out' or 'to shout'. This root is also the source of the English word 'claim'.

元の意味： To shout or make a loud noise to get attention.

Romance (Latin)

文化的な背景

Be careful when 'calling' someone names; 'llamar' can be used to insult ('Lo llamaron tonto'), which requires social awareness.

English speakers often use 'My name is', but in Spanish, 'Me llamo' is much more natural and frequent.

The song 'Me Llamo Raquel' by various artists. The phrase 'Llamada de emergencia' in many action movies. The book 'Por quién doblan las campanas' (For Whom the Bell Tolls) involves the 'call' of the bells.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Phone conversations

¿Quién llama?
Te llamo más tarde.
Me están llamando.
¿A quién quieres llamar?

Introductions

¿Cómo se llama usted?
Me llamo...
¿Cómo se llama tu perro?
Se llaman Juan y Pedro.

At home

Llaman a la puerta.
Llama a los niños para cenar.
Mi madre me llama.
No llames tan fuerte.

In public

Llamar un taxi.
Llamar la atención.
Llamar a la policía.
Llamar al camarero.

Work/Office

Llamar a una reunión.
Me llamó el cliente.
Llamar a la oficina.
Llamar por una vacante.

会話のきっかけ

"¿Cómo te llamas y de dónde eres?"

"¿A quién llamas más a menudo por teléfono?"

"¿Qué cosas te llaman más la atención en una ciudad nueva?"

"¿Prefieres que te llamen por tu nombre o por un apodo?"

"¿Alguna vez has tenido que llamar a la policía o a los bomberos?"

日記のテーマ

Escribe sobre una vez que algo te llamó poderosamente la atención en la calle.

Describe a las personas de tu familia y cómo se llaman.

¿Cómo te sientes cuando alguien te llama por un nombre equivocado?

Escribe una conversación telefónica imaginaria donde llamas a un hotel para reservar una habitación.

¿Qué significa para ti 'llamar a las cosas por su nombre'?

よくある質問

10 問

No, 'llamar' can mean to shout someone's name, to knock on a door, or to have a name (reflexive). Context determines if it's a phone call or another type of summons.

While 'Mi nombre es' is correct, 'Me llamo' is the idiomatic and most common way to introduce yourself in Spanish. It literally means 'I call myself'.

Technically, 'llamar' takes a direct object, so 'lo llamo' is correct for a man. However, in Spain, 'le llamo' (leísmo) is widely accepted and very common for males.

You use the phrase 'llamar a la puerta'. For example: 'Alguien está llamando a la puerta'.

It has two meanings: 1) To be striking or attract notice ('Ese cuadro llama la atención'). 2) To reprimand or scold someone ('El jefe me llamó la atención').

Yes, you can use 'llamarse' for a pet's name: 'Mi perro se llama Firulais'. You also use 'llamar' to call them to you.

'Llamar' is the general word used in 99% of conversations. 'Telefonear' is more formal and specifically refers only to using a telephone.

Yes, 'llamar' is a completely regular -ar verb in all tenses, which makes it very easy to conjugate.

You can say 'Te devuelvo la llamada' or simply 'Te llamo en un rato' (I'll call you in a bit).

It is a noun meaning 'an appeal' or 'a call to action', often used in political or formal contexts.

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