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A1 noun #3,500 よく出る 8分で読める

عطر

atr 上位3,500

練習する例文メモとヒント عطر 30秒で

解説 عطر in your Level:

At the A1 level, you only need to know that 'Atr' means perfume. You should be able to say 'I like this perfume' (Man in atr ra doost daram) or 'This perfume is good' (In atr khoob ast). Focus on the basic noun and its connection to the verb 'zadan' (to apply). You might see it in simple shopping dialogues or when describing personal items. It is a concrete noun that is easy to visualize.

At A2, you start using 'Atr' with more adjectives. You can describe a perfume as 'Garan' (expensive), 'Arzan' (cheap), 'Tond' (strong), or 'Molayem' (mild). You should be able to use the Ezafe construction to say 'Atr-e madaram' (My mother's perfume). You also begin to recognize the word in the context of gifts (hedye) and shopping for others. You can ask simple questions like 'In atr chand ast?' (How much is this perfume?).

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At the B1 level, you can use 'Atr' in more complex sentences involving feelings and memories. You might say 'This perfume reminds me of my home' (In atr mara be yade khane-am miandazad). You understand the difference between 'Atr' and 'Odokoloan' and can discuss preferences for different types of scents (floral, citrus, etc.). You can follow a conversation in a shop where the seller describes the 'Mandegari' (longevity) of the scent.

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At B2, you are comfortable with the cultural and metaphorical aspects of 'Atr'. You might read a blog post about the history of rosewater in Iran or the importance of the 'Attari' (herbalist). You can use 'Atr' to describe the atmosphere of a place (e.g., 'The air was perfumed with jasmine'). You understand more nuanced verbs like 'pichidan' (to spread/wrap around) in the context of scent spreading through a room.

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At the C1 level, 'Atr' appears in literature and formal essays. You can discuss the etymology of the word and its Arabic roots. You are familiar with poetic synonyms like 'Shamim' and 'Nakhat' and can interpret their use in classical Persian poetry by Hafez or Rumi. You can engage in nuanced discussions about the 'Atr-e hoviyat' (the scent of identity) or other abstract concepts where fragrance is used as a metaphor for character or essence.

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At the C2 level, you have a masterly grasp of the word's philosophical implications. You can analyze how 'Atr' is used in mystical (Sufi) literature to represent divine inspiration or the 'breath of the compassionate'. You can write sophisticated critiques of Iranian cinema or literature where the motif of 'Atr' is used to signify nostalgia, loss, or spiritual awakening. You understand the subtle differences in connotation between every possible synonym and use them with precision.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

عطر 30秒で

Atr means perfume or a pleasant fragrance in Persian.
It is used with the verb 'zadan' (to apply) rather than 'wear'.
The word has deep cultural and poetic significance in Iran.
Commonly heard in bazaars, shops, and social compliments.

The Persian word عطر (Atr) is a fundamental noun in the Persian language, primarily referring to a fragrant liquid, commonly known as perfume or scent. While its primary definition aligns with the English 'perfume,' its cultural resonance in the Persian-speaking world is significantly deeper. In Iran, scent is not merely a cosmetic accessory but a vital part of social etiquette, religious practice, and literary tradition. The word is of Arabic origin but has been fully integrated into Persian for over a millennium. When you walk through a traditional bazaar in Tehran or Shiraz, the word Atr is what you will hear as vendors beckon you to smell essential oils, rosewater, and complex floral blends.

Literal Meaning: A pleasant smell or a liquid substance (perfume) used to provide such a smell.
Metaphorical Use: Often used in poetry to describe the 'scent' of a beloved's hair or the 'fragrance' of a memory or a spiritual presence.

این عطر بوی گل رز می‌دهد.
(This perfume smells like roses.)

Historically, the 'Attar' (perfumer) was also a physician and pharmacist, making the word Atr synonymous with healing and well-being. Today, you use it when shopping for international brands at a mall or when describing the natural fragrance of a garden in spring. It is a versatile word that covers everything from a $300 bottle of French cologne to the simple, refreshing scent of crushed jasmine flowers.

او همیشه عطر تندی می‌زند.
(He always wears/applies a sharp perfume.)

Furthermore, the word is used in compound nouns like عطردان (perfume holder/bottle) and عطرآگین (fragrant/perfumed). In religious contexts, Atr is associated with purity. It is common to see small vials of perfume distributed at weddings or religious gatherings (Majles) as a sign of hospitality. The concept of 'Khosh-bu' (good smell) is a highly valued trait in Persian culture, and Atr is the primary tool to achieve it.

فضای اتاق از عطر یاس پر شده بود.
(The room's atmosphere was filled with the scent of jasmine.)

مادرم عاشق عطر بهارنارنج است.
(My mother loves the scent of orange blossoms.)

Cultural Connection: The famous poet 'Attar of Nishapur' took his pen name from this word because his family were perfumers and druggists.

شیشه عطر شکست و بوی آن همه جا پیچید.
(The perfume bottle broke and its scent spread everywhere.)

Using the word عطر (Atr) correctly involves understanding its grammatical role as a noun and the specific verbs that accompany it. In Persian, nouns don't change based on gender, which simplifies things for English speakers. However, the 'Ezafe' construction (the short 'e' sound connecting words) is crucial when describing the perfume or its owner. For example, 'My perfume' is Atr-e man and 'Rose perfume' is Atr-e gol-e roz.

Common Verb Pairings: عطر زدن (Atr zadan) - To apply/put on perfume.
عطر خریدن (Atr kharidan) - To buy perfume.
بوی عطر دادن (Buy-e atr dadan) - To smell like perfume.

قبل از مهمانی کمی عطر زدم.
(I applied some perfume before the party.)

When you want to ask someone about their perfume, you can say: 'Che atri zadi?' (What perfume did you put on?). Note that in spoken Persian, the 'e' in 'Atr' is often pronounced clearly, and the final 'r' is slightly rolled. If you are describing the quality of the scent, you use adjectives like خوشبو (fragrant), تند (sharp/strong), ملایم (mild), or تلخ (bitter - often used for masculine scents).

این عطر خیلی گران است.
(This perfume is very expensive.)

In more advanced usage, 'Atr' can be used to describe the essence of something. For instance, 'Atr-e chayi' refers to the aroma of tea. In literature, poets often speak of the 'Atr-e khak' (the scent of the earth) after rain. This demonstrates that while the word literally means perfume, its application extends to any pleasant, distinctive aroma that carries an emotional or sensory weight.

او همیشه بهترین عطرها را انتخاب می‌کند.
(He always chooses the best perfumes.)

Sentence Structure: [Subject] + [Atr] + [Verb]. Example: Man (I) + Atr (perfume) + mizanat (apply - colloquial).

آیا این عطر مردانه است یا زنانه؟
(Is this perfume for men or women?)

من به برخی عطرها حساسیت دارم.
(I am allergic to some perfumes.)

If you visit Iran, you will encounter the word عطر (Atr) in several distinct environments. The most vibrant is the 'Bazaar-e Atr-forooshan' (Perfumers' Market). In cities like Isfahan or Shiraz, these sections of the bazaar are sensory overloads where the word is shouted by sellers and whispered by customers testing scents on their wrists. You'll hear phrases like 'Atr-e khales' (pure perfume) or 'Atr-e Gol-e Mohammadi' (the scent of the Damask rose), which is the base for the world-famous Persian rosewater.

The Modern Retail Context: In modern shopping malls like 'Iran Mall' in Tehran, you'll see 'Atr-foroushi' (perfume shops) that look exactly like those in Paris or New York. Here, the word is used for global brands.

در بازار تجریش، عطر گیاهان کوهی می‌پیچد.
(In Tajrish bazaar, the scent of mountain herbs fills the air.)

Another common place is the 'Attari'. An Attari is a traditional herbal medicine shop. While they sell spices and dried herbs, the root of their name is 'Atr'. People go there not just for medicine, but for 'Atr-e Giah-hi' (herbal scents) used in aromatherapy or cooking. You will also hear the word in social settings; Iranians are known for being generous with compliments, and 'Che atr-e khoobi zadi!' (What a good perfume you've put on!) is a standard, polite greeting among friends and colleagues.

این عطر مرا به یاد دوران کودکی‌ام می‌اندازد.
(This perfume reminds me of my childhood.)

In Iranian media, especially in romantic dramas or classic cinema, Atr is a recurring motif. It represents the presence of a person even when they are absent. In religious shrines (like Imam Reza in Mashhad), the air is thick with the 'Atr-e Golab' (scent of rosewater), which is used to wash the holy sites. Hearing the word in these contexts connects the physical scent to a sense of spiritual cleanliness and reverence.

همه جا بوی عطر و گل می‌آمد.
(The smell of perfume and flowers was everywhere.)

Media Usage: Radio and TV advertisements for cosmetics frequently use the word 'Atr' with words like 'Mandegar' (long-lasting) and 'Khas' (special).

او به دنبال یک عطر خنک برای تابستان است.
(She is looking for a cool perfume for the summer.)

For English speakers learning Persian, the most common mistake with عطر (Atr) is using the wrong verb. In English, we 'wear' perfume. If you translate this literally into Persian using the verb 'pooshidan' (to wear clothes), it will sound very strange and incorrect. Instead, you must use زدن (zadan), which literally means 'to hit' or 'to strike,' but in this context means 'to apply.'

The 'Bu' vs. 'Atr' Confusion: 'Bu' (بوی) is the general word for 'smell' or 'odor.' It can be good or bad. 'Atr' is specifically a pleasant, often manufactured fragrance. Using 'Atr' for a bad smell is a semantic error.

Wrong: من عطر می‌پوشم.
Right: من عطر می‌زنم.

Another mistake involves the pluralization. While 'Atr-ha' is the standard plural, in very formal or literary contexts, you might see the Arabic plural 'Atr-iyat' (perfumery/scents). However, for a beginner, stick to 'Atr-ha'. Also, be careful with the word Odokoloan (Eau de Cologne). Iranians use this word specifically for alcohol-based sprays, whereas Atr is the broader category that includes oil-based traditional scents.

Wrong: این اتاق عطر بدی دارد.
Right: این اتاق بوی بدی دارد.

Pronunciation is also a hurdle. The 't' and 'r' are clustered together (Atr). Some learners try to insert a vowel between them, pronouncing it like 'At-ar'. While understandable, the correct pronunciation is a quick transition from 't' to 'r'. Lastly, don't confuse Atr with Atash (fire) or Atse (sneeze), which sound vaguely similar to untrained ears but have entirely different meanings.

او عطر زیادی به خودش زده است.
(He has applied too much perfume on himself.)

Common Confusion: Learners often forget the 'Ezafe' when saying 'Rose perfume'. It should be 'Atr-e Roz', not just 'Atr Roz'.

While عطر (Atr) is the most common word for perfume, Persian is a language rich with synonyms, especially in its poetic and formal registers. Understanding these alternatives will help you sound more natural and sophisticated. The most direct alternative for 'scent' or 'aroma' is رایحه (Rayehe). This word is more formal and is often used in descriptions of high-end perfumes or in botanical contexts.

Atr vs. Rayehe: Atr usually refers to the liquid in the bottle. Rayehe refers to the abstract scent that hits your nose.
Atr vs. Bu: Bu is general (smell). Atr is specific and positive (perfume).

رایحه خوش قهوه در خانه پیچیده بود.
(The pleasant aroma of coffee had spread in the house.)

In poetry, you will encounter the word شمیم (Shamim). This is a very beautiful word that refers to a soft, wafting fragrance. It is rarely used in daily conversation but is common in songs and literature. Another term is نکهت (Nakhat), which specifically refers to the pleasant smell of the breath or the fragrance of flowers. If you are talking about a very strong, pervasive smell, you might use بوی خوش (Buy-e Khosh), which literally translates to 'Good Smell'.

شمیم بهار از دوردست‌ها می‌آید.
(The fragrance of spring comes from afar.)

When discussing the 'notes' of a perfume, Persians use the word 'not' (just like in English) or 'paye' (base). If a perfume is 'flowery,' it is Goli. If it is 'woody,' it is Choobi. Knowing these descriptors allows you to navigate a perfume shop with ease. For instance, you could ask for an 'Atr-e khonak' (cool perfume) for summer or an 'Atr-e garm' (warm perfume) for winter.

این ادکلن بوی چوب می‌دهد.
(This cologne smells like wood.)

Register Comparison: Atr: Neutral/Everyday.
Rayehe: Formal/Technical.
Shamim: Poetic/Romantic.

How Formal Is It?

フォーマル

"رایحه عطر ایشان بسیار نافذ است."

ニュートラル

"این عطر بوی خوبی دارد."

カジュアル

"چه عطر باحالی زدی!"

Child friendly

"این عطر بوی گل‌های باغچه را می‌دهد."

スラング

"عطرش آدم رو مست می‌کنه."

豆知識

The famous Persian poet Farid al-Din 'Attar' was named so because his father was an 'Attar'—a mixture of a perfumer and a pharmacist. He spent much of his life surrounded by 'Atr' and medicinal herbs.

発音ガイド

UK /ætɹ/

US /ætɹ/

The stress is on the single syllable 'Atr'.

韻が合う語

Chatr (umbrella) Satr (line/row) Fatr (nature - less common) Ghatr (diameter) Natr (prose) Zatr (thyme - rare spelling) Batr (cutting - archaic) Matr (rain - rare/Arabic)

よくある間違い

Pronouncing it as 'At-ar' (adding a vowel).
Pronouncing it like the English 'After' without the 'f'.
Making the 'r' too silent.
Confusing it with 'Atr' in Arabic which has a deeper 'ayn' sound.
Over-emphasizing the 't'.

難易度

読解 1/5

Very easy to recognize; only three letters.

ライティング 2/5

Easy, but remember the 'ayn' at the beginning.

スピーキング 2/5

Requires a quick 'tr' sound without an extra vowel.

リスニング 1/5

Distinctive sound, usually clear in context.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

بو (Smell) گل (Flower) زدن (To hit/apply) خوب (Good) خریدن (To buy)

次に学ぶ

رایحه (Aroma) خوشبو (Fragrant) گلاب (Rosewater) شیشه (Glass/Bottle) حس (Sense)

上級

شمیم (Wafting scent) نکهت (Delicate fragrance) معطر (Perfumed) عطاری (Herbalist) اسانس (Essence)

知っておくべき文法

Ezafe Construction

عطرِ من (Atr-e man) - My perfume.

Compound Verbs with 'Zadan'

عطر زدن (Atr zadan) - To apply perfume.

Pluralization with '-ha'

عطرها (Atr-ha) - Perfumes.

Adjective Placement

عطرِ خوشبو (Atr-e khoshbu) - Fragrant perfume.

Indefinite 'i' suffix

عطری (Atri) - A perfume / some perfume.

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レベル別の例文

این عطر خوشبو است.

This perfume is fragrant/good-smelling.

Subject (In atr) + Adjective (khoshbu) + Verb (ast).

من عطر می‌زنم.

I apply perfume.

Present continuous tense of 'Atr zadan'.

عطر کجاست؟

Where is the perfume?

Simple question with 'kojast'.

این عطر مال من است.

This perfume belongs to me.

Possessive construction.

مادرم عطر دوست دارد.

My mother likes perfume.

Subject + Object + Verb.

یک عطر گران خریدم.

I bought an expensive perfume.

Past tense of 'kharidan'.

عطر بوی گل می‌دهد.

The perfume smells like flowers.

The phrase 'buy-e ... dadan' means 'to smell like'.

شیشه عطر کوچک است.

The perfume bottle is small.

Compound noun 'shishe-ye atr'.

آیا شما عطر تند دوست دارید؟

Do you like strong perfume?

Interrogative sentence with adjective 'tond'.

این عطر برای هدیه عالی است.

This perfume is excellent for a gift.

Use of 'baraye' (for).

من همیشه این عطر را می‌خرم.

I always buy this perfume.

Use of frequency adverb 'hamishe'.

عطر یاس خیلی ملایم است.

Jasmine perfume is very mild.

Ezafe connecting 'Atr' and 'Yas'.

در بازار عطر فروش‌های زیادی هست.

There are many perfume sellers in the bazaar.

Plural 'foroushan' (sellers).

او عطر فرانسوی می‌زند.

She wears French perfume.

Adjective 'Fransavi'.

بوی عطر تو خیلی خوب است.

The smell of your perfume is very good.

Double Ezafe: Buy-e atr-e to.

می‌خواهم عطر جدیدی امتحان کنم.

I want to try a new perfume.

Compound verb 'emtehan kardan'.

وقتی این عطر را می‌بویم، به یاد شمال می‌افتم.

When I smell this perfume, I am reminded of the North.

Subordinate clause with 'vaghti'.

ماندگاری این عطر بسیار زیاد است.

The longevity of this perfume is very high.

Noun 'mandegari' (longevity/persistence).

او به عطرهای شیرین علاقه دارد.

She is interested in sweet perfumes.

Phrase 'alaghe dashtan' (to have interest).

عطر گلاب در تمام فضا پیچیده بود.

The scent of rosewater had spread throughout the space.

Verb 'pichidan' used for odors.

این عطر ترکیبی از بوی چوب و لیمو است.

This perfume is a combination of wood and lemon scents.

Noun 'tarkib' (combination).

آیا این عطر نسخه اصل است یا تقلبی؟

Is this perfume the original version or a fake?

Adjectives 'asl' (original) and 'taghalobi' (fake).

من ترجیح می‌دهم عطر ملایم در روز بزنم.

I prefer to apply mild perfume during the day.

Verb 'tarjih dadan' (to prefer).

شیشه عطر از دستم افتاد و شکست.

The perfume bottle fell from my hand and broke.

Compound sentence with 'va'.

عطر بهارنارنج در کوچه‌های شیراز مست‌کننده است.

The scent of orange blossoms in the alleys of Shiraz is intoxicating.

Adjective 'mast-konande' (intoxicating).

او با وسواس زیادی عطرش را انتخاب می‌کند.

He chooses his perfume with great obsession/care.

Prepositional phrase 'ba vasvas-e ziad'.

این عطر نمادی از ظرافت و زیبایی است.

This perfume is a symbol of elegance and beauty.

Noun 'namad' (symbol).

رایحه این عطر با گذشت زمان تغییر می‌کند.

The aroma of this perfume changes over time.

Use of 'ba gozasht-e zaman'.

بسیاری از شاعران از عطر به عنوان استعاره استفاده کرده‌اند.

Many poets have used perfume as a metaphor.

Noun 'este'are' (metaphor).

این عطر مخصوص فصول سرد سال طراحی شده است.

This perfume is designed specifically for the cold seasons of the year.

Passive construction 'tarrahi shode ast'.

او همیشه عطری می‌زند که جلب توجه کند.

He always wears a perfume that attracts attention.

Relative clause with 'ke'.

ترکیبات این عطر کاملاً طبیعی هستند.

The ingredients of this perfume are completely natural.

Plural noun 'tarkibat'.

عطر خاطرات قدیمی با باز کردن آن جعبه دوباره زنده شد.

The fragrance of old memories came alive again by opening that box.

Metaphorical use of 'Atr'.

او در هنر عطرسازی به مهارت بالایی دست یافته است.

He has attained high skill in the art of perfumery.

Noun 'atrsazi' (perfume making).

این عطر، تجسمی از اصالت و سنت‌های دیرینه است.

This perfume is an embodiment of authenticity and long-standing traditions.

Noun 'tajasom' (embodiment).

رایحه تلخ و دودی این عطر، شخصیت باوقاری به او می‌بخشد.

The bitter and smoky aroma of this perfume gives him a dignified personality.

Complex adjectives 'talkh' and 'dudi'.

شاعر در این بیت، عطر معشوق را به نسیم صبا تشبیه کرده است.

In this verse, the poet has likened the beloved's scent to the morning breeze.

Verb 'tashbih kardan' (to liken/compare).

این عطر فراتر از یک بوی ساده، یک تجربه حسی است.

This perfume is more than a simple smell; it is a sensory experience.

Phrase 'faratar az' (beyond).

غلظت اسانس در این عطر بسیار بالا است.

The concentration of essence in this perfume is very high.

Noun 'ghelzat' (concentration).

او به دنبال عطری است که روحش را جلا دهد.

He is looking for a perfume that polishes (purifies) his soul.

Subjunctive verb 'jala dahad'.

در متون عرفانی، عطر نمادی از تجلیات الهی در عالم ماده است.

In mystical texts, perfume is a symbol of divine manifestations in the material world.

Technical vocabulary: 'erfani', 'tajalliyat'.

این عطر با ظرافتی بی‌نظیر، تضاد میان مدرنیته و سنت را به تصویر می‌کشد.

With unparalleled elegance, this perfume depicts the contrast between modernity and tradition.

Phrase 'be tasvir keshidan' (to depict).

رایحه ماندگار او، چون امضایی نامرئی در ذهن اطرافیان باقی می‌ماند.

Her lingering scent remains like an invisible signature in the minds of those around her.

Simile using 'chon' (like).

عطرساز با بهره‌گیری از نایاب‌ترین مواد، شاهکاری خلق کرده است.

The perfumer, by utilizing the rarest materials, has created a masterpiece.

Gerund 'bahre-giri' (utilizing).

این عطر یادآور شکوه و عظمت دوران هخامنشی است.

This perfume is reminiscent of the glory and grandeur of the Achaemenid era.

Adjective 'yadavar' (reminiscent).

در این عطر، هماهنگی شگفت‌انگیزی میان نت‌های آغازین و پایانی وجود دارد.

In this perfume, there is an amazing harmony between the top and base notes.

Noun 'hamahangi' (harmony).

او چنان به عطرها دلبسته است که هر بویی برایش داستانی بازگو می‌کند.

He is so attached to perfumes that every smell tells him a story.

Structure 'chonan ... ke' (so ... that).

این عطر، غبار زمان را از چهره خاطرات می‌زداید.

This perfume wipes the dust of time from the face of memories.

Poetic verb 'zodoodan' (to wipe away/cleanse).

よく使う組み合わせ

عطر زدن

شیشه عطر

بوی عطر

عطر گران

عطر ملایم

فروشگاه عطر

عطر تند

عطر زنانه

عطر مردانه

عطر ماندگار

よく使うフレーズ

چه عطر خوبی!

— What a good perfume! Used as a compliment.

وقتی وارد شد، گفتم: چه عطر خوبی!

عطر گل محمدی

— The scent of Damask rose, very famous in Iran.

این عطر گل محمدی اصل قمصر است.

عطر و طعم

— Aroma and flavor, usually used for food.

این زعفران عطر و طعم عالی دارد.

عطر چای

— The aroma of tea.

عطر چای لاهیجان بی‌نظیر است.

عطر برنج

— The fragrance of high-quality cooked rice.

عطر برنج ایرانی کل خانه را پر کرد.

عطر یاس

— The scent of jasmine.

شب‌ها عطر یاس در حیاط می‌پیچد.

میز عطر

— Perfume vanity/table.

روی میز عطرش ده تا بطری بود.

عطر فروشی

— Perfume shop.

یک عطر فروشی جدید در محله باز شده است.

عطر مشک

— The scent of musk.

عطر مشک ختن در شعرها زیاد می‌آید.

عطر بهار

— The scent of spring.

عطر بهار در کوهستان پیچیده است.

よく混同される語

عطر vs بوی (Bu)

Bu is any smell. Atr is specifically perfume or a good smell.

عطر vs عطسه (Atse)

Atse means sneeze. They sound similar but are unrelated.

عطر vs آتش (Atash)

Atash means fire. Only the first syllable 'at' is similar.

慣用句と表現

"عطر آن است که خود ببوید، نه آنکه عطار بگوید"

— A perfume is that which smells good by itself, not what the perfumer says. It means true quality doesn't need advertisement.

کار تو باید خوب باشد؛ عطر آن است که خود ببوید.

Proverbial

"عطر گل"

— Used metaphorically for something fleeting but beautiful.

جوانی مثل عطر گل زود می‌گذرد.

Poetic

"بوی عطر کسی را شنیدن"

— Literally 'to hear the smell', but used to mean 'to sense the presence' of someone.

بوی عطرش را از دور شنیدم.

Informal/Poetic

"عطرآگین کردن"

— To make something fragrant.

حضور او محفل ما را عطرآگین کرد.

Formal

"عطرِ صبا"

— The fragrance of the morning breeze, often carrying news of the beloved.

عطر صبا پیام تو را آورد.

Literary

"در شیشه عطر بودن"

— To be very precious and kept carefully.

او مثل عطر در شیشه از فرزندش مراقبت می‌کند.

Informal

"عطرِ نافه"

— The scent from a musk pod, representing deep hidden beauty.

سخن او عطر نافه داشت.

Literary

"عطرِ آشنا"

— A familiar scent that triggers nostalgia.

یک عطر آشنا مرا به گذشته برد.

Neutral

"عطر زدن به مرده"

— To do something useless (like putting perfume on a corpse).

این کار تو مثل عطر زدن به مرده است.

Slang/Harsh

"عطرِ ایمان"

— The 'fragrance' of faith; a person's spiritual aura.

او عطر ایمان در کلامش داشت.

Religious

間違えやすい

عطر vs عطار (Attar)

Same root.

Atr is the perfume; Attar is the person who sells or makes it.

عطار به من عطر داد.

عطر vs عطاری (Attari)

Same root.

Attari is the shop where herbs and scents are sold.

از عطاری گیاه خریدم.

عطر vs عطریات (Atriyat)

Plural form.

Atriyat refers to the whole category of perfumery products.

او در بخش عطریات کار می‌کند.

عطر vs معطر (Mo'attar)

Adjective form.

Mo'attar means 'fragrant' or 'scented'.

صابون معطر خریدم.

عطر vs رایحه (Rayehe)

Synonym.

Rayehe is more abstract and formal (aroma).

رایحه قهوه عالی است.

文型パターン

من [Atr] دوست دارم.

من عطر دوست دارم.

این [Atr] [Adjective] است.

این عطر خوب است.

من [Atr] می‌زنم.

من عطر می‌زنم.

[Atr]-e [Person] [Adjective] است.

عطر سارا تند است.

[Atr] بوی [Noun] می‌دهد.

عطر بوی لیمو می‌دهد.

من به [Atr] حساسیت دارم.

من به عطر حساسیت دارم.

[Atr] مرا به یاد [Noun] می‌اندازد.

عطر مرا به یاد باران می‌اندازد.

[Atr] در فضا پیچیده است.

عطر یاس در فضا پیچیده است.

語族

名詞

動詞

形容詞

使い方

frequency

Extremely high in daily conversation and literature.

よくある間違い

من عطر می‌پوشم (Man atr mipoosham) → من عطر می‌زنم (Man atr mizanam)
You don't 'wear' perfume in Persian; you 'apply' or 'hit' it.
این عطر بوی بد می‌دهد (In atr bu-ye bad midehad) → این بو بد است (In bu bad ast)
Don't use the word 'Atr' for a bad smell. It is inherently positive.
Pronouncing it as 'At-ar' → Atr (one syllable)
Persian doesn't like a vowel between these two consonants in this specific word.
عطر رز (Atr Roz) → عطرِ رز (Atr-e Roz)
Forgetting the Ezafe (the connecting 'e' sound) between the noun and its modifier.
Using 'Atr' for a flavor (taste) → طعم (Ta'm)
Atr is for the smell. While they are related in food, use 'Atr' for the aroma and 'Ta'm' for the taste.

ヒント

Verb Choice

Always use 'zadan' with 'Atr'. It’s the most natural way to describe applying it.

Rosewater

In Iran, 'Golab' (rosewater) is often treated as a natural 'Atr'. You'll see it everywhere.

Compound Words

Learn 'Atr-foroush' (perfume seller) and 'Atr-saz' (perfumer) to expand your vocabulary easily.

Compliments

Don't be shy to compliment someone's 'Atr'. It's a great icebreaker in Iranian culture.

The 'tr' Cluster

Practice saying 'Atr' without adding a vowel between 't' and 'r'. It should be one sharp syllable.

Testing Scents

When testing, ask: 'Mishavad in ra emtehan konam?' (Can I try this?).

Poetic Link

Link 'Atr' to the poet 'Attar'. It helps you remember the spelling and the cultural weight.

Positive Only

Remember: 'Atr' = Good. If it smells bad, use 'Bu'.

Warm vs Cool

Iranians talk about 'Atr-e Garm' (winter scents) and 'Atr-e Khonak' (summer scents).

Formal Contexts

In formal writing, 'Mo'attar' (fragrant) is a very useful adjective to describe rooms or letters.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of the word 'Attar' (a famous Persian poet). He was a 'perfumer'. 'Atr' is the root of his name. Also, it sounds a bit like 'Art'—because making perfume is an art!

視覚的連想

Imagine a beautiful glass bottle (Shishe) in an ancient Persian bazaar, with golden liquid inside that smells like a thousand roses. That liquid is 'Atr'.

Word Web

Gol (Flower) Bu (Smell) Rosewater (Golab) Bazaar Compliment Memory Luxury Nature

チャレンジ

Go through your day and identify three things that have an 'Atr'. Say out loud: 'In [thing] atr-e khoobi darad'.

語源

The word 'Atr' is borrowed from the Arabic word 'itr' (عطر). It entered the Persian language during the Islamic Golden Age when many Arabic administrative and scientific terms were adopted. Persian scholars and poets then expanded its usage into the literary realm.

元の意味： In Arabic, it primarily referred to a scent or a perfume made of essential oils.

Semitic (Arabic) origin, adopted into Indo-European (Persian).

文化的な背景

Be aware that in some very conservative religious circles, women wearing strong perfume in public is sometimes frowned upon, though this is less common in modern urban areas.

English speakers often say 'I smell good,' but in Persian, it's more common to say 'I have a good Atr' or 'I applied Atr'.

The Conference of the Birds by Attar. The movie 'The Scent of Joseph's Shirt' (Booy-e Pirahan-e Yusof). Numerous ghazals by Hafez where 'Atr' is used to describe the wind.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Shopping

قیمت این عطر چند است؟
آیا عطر خنک دارید؟
می‌توانم این عطر را تست کنم؟
این عطر ماندگاری دارد؟

Socializing

چه عطر خوشبویی زدید!
اسم عطرتان چیست؟
عطر شما خیلی ملایم است.
همیشه از این عطر استفاده می‌کنید؟

Nature

عطر گل‌ها فضا را پر کرده.
عطر باران را دوست دارم.
عطر بهارنارنج عالی است.
این گیاه عطر تندی دارد.

Poetry/Literature

عطر گیسوی تو...
عطر خاطره...
نسیم عطرآگین...
شمیم خوش آشنایی...

Religious/Traditional

عطر گلاب در حرم...
عطر مشک و عنبر...
فضای معطر مسجد...
زدن عطر قبل از نماز...

会話のきっかけ

"ببخشید، اسم عطری که زدید چیست؟ خیلی خوشبو است."

"آیا شما به عطرهای تند علاقه دارید یا ملایم؟"

"به نظر شما بهترین عطر برای فصل تابستان چیست؟"

"آیا تا به حال به بازار عطر فروش‌ها در شیراز رفته‌اید؟"

"اولین عطری که در زندگی‌تان خریدید را به یاد دارید؟"

日記のテーマ

درباره عطری بنویسید که شما را به یاد دوران کودکی‌تان می‌اندازد.

توصیف کنید که عطر مورد علاقه شما چه بویی دارد و چرا آن را دوست دارید.

اگر می‌توانستید عطری بسازید که نشان‌دهنده شخصیت شما باشد، چه ترکیباتی در آن می‌ریختید؟

درباره تجربه خرید عطر در یک بازار سنتی بنویسید.

چرا عطرها در روابط انسانی و خاطرات ما اینقدر مهم هستند؟

よくある質問

10 問

You should say 'Man atr zade-am' (I have applied perfume) or 'Man atr mizanam' (I apply perfume). Never use 'pooshidan' (to wear clothes).

Yes, especially for high-quality items like saffron, tea, or rice. You can say 'In berenj atr-e khoobi darad'.

Atr is a general term for all perfumes. Odokoloan (Cologne) is used specifically for alcohol-based spray fragrances, mostly for men.

No. 'Atr' is always positive. For a bad smell, use 'Bu-ye bad' or 'Ta'affon'.

Say 'Che atr-e khoobi zadi!' or more formally 'Atr-etan besyar khoshbu ast'.

It is originally Arabic but has been used in Persian for centuries and is considered a core part of the vocabulary.

It refers to the scent of the Damask rose, which is the most iconic fragrance in Iranian culture.

The most common way is 'Shishe-ye atr' (Glass of perfume).

It is not a common first name, but 'Atri' is sometimes used as a surname or a feminine given name in some regions.

It is a traditional shop that sells herbs, spices, and natural scents. The name comes from the same root as 'Atr'.

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