このページをあなたの言語で

English

فارسی

العربية

Deutsch

Español

Français

한국어

Português

中文

हिन्दी

ホーム
学習
ペルシア語
語彙
معنا کردن

C1 verb 9分で読める

معنا کردن

ma'nā kardan

練習する例文メモとヒント معنا کردن 30秒で

解説 معنا کردن in your Level:

At the A1 level, you don't need to use 'ma'nā kardan' yourself very often. Instead, you will learn the word 'yani' to ask what things mean. However, you might hear a teacher say, 'In ra ma'nā kon' (Translate/Define this). Think of it as a fancy way to say 'What is this in English?' or 'What does this word say?'. It is a compound verb, which means it has two parts: 'ma'nā' (meaning) and 'kardan' (to do). Even at this level, knowing that 'ma'nā' means 'meaning' is very helpful for building your vocabulary.

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

At the A2 level, you can start using 'ma'nā kardan' in simple classroom situations. For example, 'Ostād, lotfan in jomle rā ma'nā konid' (Teacher, please define/translate this sentence). You are learning that Persian uses many compound verbs with 'kardan.' This word helps you ask for more than just a simple translation; it asks for an explanation. You should also recognize the noun 'ma'nā' in signs or simple texts, usually meaning 'sense' or 'meaning.'

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

By B1, you should be comfortable using 'ma'nā kardan' to discuss the meanings of words and simple concepts. You can use it to clarify misunderstandings, such as 'Man harf-e shomā rā bad ma'nā kardam' (I misinterpreted what you said). You are beginning to see the difference between 'ma'nā kardan' (defining/interpreting) and 'tarjome kardan' (translating). You should also be able to use it in the past and future tenses accurately.

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

At the B2 level, you use 'ma'nā kardan' to discuss abstract ideas like 'success,' 'happiness,' or 'freedom.' You can participate in debates where you define your terms: 'Man āzādi rā in-goune ma'nā mikonam...' (I define freedom this way...). You are also becoming aware of the cultural importance of 'ma'nā' in Persian literature. You might use it when talking about the themes of a book or a movie, explaining how a certain scene can be interpreted.

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

At C1, 'معنا کردن' is a tool for deep analysis. You use it to interpret complex metaphors in classical poetry (like Hafez or Rumi) or to parse the nuances of political rhetoric. You understand that 'ma'nā kardan' is an active, subjective process of meaning-making. You can use the verb in various moods (subjunctive, conditional) and understand its passive forms in academic writing. You also distinguish it clearly from 'ta'bir' (dream interpretation) and 'tafsir' (exegesis).

At the C2 level, you master the philosophical implications of 'ma'nā kardan.' You can discuss hermeneutics (the science of interpretation) using this verb. You understand how 'ma'nā kardan' relates to the Iranian intellectual tradition of seeking the 'bāten' (inner meaning) versus the 'zāher' (outer appearance). You use the word with native-like precision in academic papers, high-level diplomatic contexts, or when analyzing the most subtle linguistic shifts in contemporary Persian literature.

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

練習する例文メモとヒント

معنا کردن 30秒で

A formal compound verb meaning to define or interpret concepts.
Essential for discussing literature, philosophy, and deep clarification in Persian.
Distinguished from 'yani' by being an active process done by a person.
Commonly used in academic, legal, and literary contexts to parse significance.

The Persian verb معنا کردن (ma'nā kardan) is a sophisticated compound verb that sits at the intersection of linguistics, philosophy, and everyday communication. At its most basic level, it translates to 'to define' or 'to mean,' but its usage in Persian culture often carries a weightier, more interpretative connotation than its English counterparts. When you 'ma'nā' something, you are not just providing a dictionary entry; you are often uncovering the essence, the intent, or the hidden significance of a word, a dream, a text, or even a life event. This verb is constructed from the Arabic-origin noun 'ma'nā' (meaning/concept) and the Persian auxiliary verb 'kardan' (to do/to make). In modern Persian, it is indispensable for anyone moving beyond basic conversation into the realms of literature, academic discussion, or deep personal reflection.

Semantic Range: The verb encompasses everything from 'translating a word' to 'interpreting a complex philosophical treatise'. It is the go-to term when asking 'What does this mean?' in a formal or thoughtful context.
Contextual Nuance: While 'yani' is used for simple 'it means' statements, 'ma'nā kardan' is an active process. It implies an agent—someone who is doing the interpreting or the defining.

استاد سعی کرد مفاهیم پیچیده فلسفی را به زبان ساده برای دانشجویان معنا کند.

The professor tried to define/interpret complex philosophical concepts in simple language for the students.

In a literary context, particularly when discussing the works of Rumi or Hafez, 'ma'nā kardan' involves peeling back the layers of metaphor. A teacher might ask a student to 'ma'nā' a specific verse, which requires the student to provide the literal meaning, the metaphorical implication, and the spiritual lesson. This demonstrates that the word is as much about 'decoding' as it is about 'defining.' Furthermore, in the realm of psychology or dream analysis, one 'ma'nā's' a dream (though 'ta'bir kardan' is more specific for dreams, 'ma'nā kardan' is frequently used for the general interpretation of symbols).

Formal Usage: In legal documents or technical manuals, this verb is used to specify how certain terms should be understood within the context of the document.

در این قرارداد، کلمه 'مشتری' به صورت زیر معنا شده است.

In this contract, the word 'customer' has been defined as follows.

Finally, the word is used in a more abstract, existential sense. Iranians often speak of 'ma'nā kardan-e zendegi' (defining/giving meaning to life). This usage reflects a deeply rooted cultural preoccupation with purpose and essence. If someone says 'You defined courage for me,' they would say 'To shoja'at ra baraye man ma'na kardi,' implying that your actions provided the very definition of the concept. It is a verb of high register, carrying the weight of truth-seeking and conceptual clarity.

Using معنا کردن correctly requires understanding its role as a compound verb. The noun 'ma'nā' remains static, while the auxiliary verb 'kardan' conjugates to show tense, person, and mood. Because it is a transitive verb, it almost always takes a direct object, usually marked by the particle 'rā' (را). For example, if you are defining 'love,' love (eshgh) is the object: 'Eshgh rā ma'nā kardan.'

نویسنده در فصل اول، مفاهیم کلیدی را معنا می‌کند.

The author defines the key concepts in the first chapter.

Tense Variations: Present Continuous: dāram ma'nā mikonam (I am defining); Past Simple: ma'nā kardam (I defined); Future: ma'nā khāham kard (I will define).

One of the most common sentence patterns involves asking for clarification. In a classroom, a student might point to a word in a text and ask, 'In vāje rā chetor ma'nā mikonid?' (How do you interpret/define this word?). This is more formal than asking 'In yani che?' (What does this mean?). The choice of 'ma'nā kardan' signals that the student is looking for a deeper linguistic or contextual explanation rather than just a quick synonym.

او سکوت مرا به اشتباه معنا کرد.

He interpreted my silence incorrectly.

In the sentence above, we see how the verb extends to the interpretation of non-verbal cues. This is a crucial aspect of C1-level Persian: understanding that 'meaning' isn't just for words. You can interpret a look, a gesture, or a political move. When used with an adverb like 'be eshtebāh' (incorrectly) or 'dorost' (correctly), it describes the accuracy of someone's perception of a situation.

بسیاری از اشعار حافظ را می‌توان به چندین روش معنا کرد.

Many of Hafez's poems can be interpreted in several ways.

Prepositional Usage: Often used with 'be' (as/to): 'X rā be Y ma'nā kardan' (To define X as Y).

You will encounter معنا کردن in various high-level environments. It is a staple of the Iranian educational system, particularly in 'Adabiyat' (Literature) classes. Students are constantly asked to 'ma'nā' verses of classical poetry. If you watch an educational program on IRIB (Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting) or listen to a podcast about Rumi's Masnavi, you will hear the host say, 'Let's see how the commentators have defined this line.' They will use the phrase 'In beyt rā chetor ma'nā kardeh-and?'

در میزگرد دیشب، کارشناسان رفتار دولت را به عنوان یک عقب‌نشینی معنا کردند.

In last night's roundtable, experts interpreted the government's behavior as a retreat.

In the news and political analysis, 'ma'nā kardan' is used to parse the intentions behind diplomatic actions. An analyst might say that a certain missile test is 'ma'nā kardan' (defining/signifying) a change in regional policy. Here, the verb acts as a synonym for 'signifying' or 'sending a message.' It moves the conversation from the physical act to the symbolic meaning behind it.

Academic Seminars: Used when debating the definitions of sociological or philosophical terms like 'freedom' or 'justice'.
Legal Contexts: Judges and lawyers use it to argue how a specific statute should be interpreted or applied to a case.

In religious discourse, specifically 'Tafsir' (exegesis) of the Quran, 'ma'nā kardan' is the foundational act. Religious scholars dedicate their lives to defining the words of the scripture. You will hear phrases like 'Mofasserin in āye rā in-goune ma'nā mikonand' (Commentators define/interpret this verse in this way). This highlights the verb's association with authority and scholarly rigor.

او با فداکاری خود، واژه ایثار را دوباره معنا کرد.

With his sacrifice, he redefined the word 'selflessness'.

One of the most frequent mistakes English speakers make is using معنا کردن when they should use the simpler word 'yani'. If you want to ask 'What does this word mean?' in a casual setting, saying 'In vāje che ma'nā mikonad?' is grammatically awkward. Instead, use 'In vāje yani che?' or 'Ma'nā-ye in vāje chist?'. 'Ma'nā kardan' is an active process done by a person, not usually by the word itself.

❌ این کلمه این را معنا می‌کند.
✅ این کلمه به این معناست. / این کلمه یعنی این.

Correction: Words don't 'do' the defining; they 'have' meaning or 'are' the meaning.

Confusion with 'Tarjome Kardan': While 'ma'nā kardan' can involve translation, it is not the same as 'tarjome kardan' (to translate). Translation is changing the language; meaning is explaining the concept.

Another error is confusing it with 'ta'rif kardan'. While 'ta'rif kardan' can mean 'to define' in a technical sense, its primary everyday meaning is 'to tell' or 'to narrate' (like telling a story). If you say 'Man dāram eshgh rā ta'rif mikonam,' people might think you are telling a story about love rather than providing a definition of it. Use 'ma'nā kardan' when you are explaining the 'what' and 'why' of a concept.

اشتباه: من می‌خواهم خوابم را تعریف کنم (I want to tell my dream).
درست: من می‌خواهم خوابم را تعبیر کنم (I want to interpret my dream).

Note: For dreams, 'ta'bir' is the precise word, but 'ma'nā kardan' is an acceptable general substitute.

Finally, watch the preposition. Do not use 'ba' (with) when you mean 'as'. Use 'be' (to/as). For example: 'In rā be onvān-e hamkari ma'nā kardam' (I interpreted this as cooperation). Using the wrong preposition can change the meaning or make the sentence sound 'translated' rather than natural.

Persian is rich with synonyms for 'defining' and 'interpreting,' each with its own specific domain. Understanding these will elevate your Persian from functional to fluent. The most direct academic synonym for معنا کردن is تعریف کردن (ta'rif kardan). While 'ta'rif' is used for dictionary definitions, 'ma'nā' is used for the deeper meaning.

تعبیر کردن (Ta'bir Kardan): Specifically used for interpreting dreams or symbols. It carries a more mystical or psychological weight than 'ma'nā kardan'.
تفسیر کردن (Tafsir Kardan): Used for exegesis, particularly of religious texts or complex political situations. It implies a lengthy, detailed explanation.

او این واژه را به گونه‌ای متفاوت تعبیر کرد.

He interpreted this word in a different way (implying a subjective interpretation).

Another alternative is توضیح دادن (tozih dādan), which means 'to explain.' This is a more general-purpose verb. If 'ma'nā kardan' feels too heavy for the situation, 'tozih dādan' is a safe and common alternative. However, 'tozih' focuses on the process of making something clear, whereas 'ma'nā' focuses on the content of the meaning itself.

مفهوم بودن (Mafhum Budan): To be understandable. 'In jomle barāye man mafhum nist' (This sentence is not meaningful/understandable to me).
شرح دادن (Sharh Dādan): To elaborate or provide a detailed commentary. Often used in academic or literary analysis.

In contemporary slang or informal speech, you might hear حالی کردن (hāli kardan), which means 'to make someone understand' or 'to explain' in a somewhat forceful or colloquial way. For example, 'Hāli-ash kardam' (I made him understand/I explained it to him). This is very different from the intellectual 'ma'nā kardan' and should be used with caution in formal settings.

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

In Persian philosophy, 'ma'nā' is often contrasted with 'surat' (form). While 'surat' is the physical appearance of a thing or word, 'ma'nā' is its hidden soul or truth. Therefore, 'ma'nā kardan' is seen as a noble act of revealing the truth.

発音ガイド

UK /mæʔnɒː kærˈdæn/

US /mæʔnɑː kɑːrˈdæn/

The primary stress falls on the final syllable 'dän' of the auxiliary verb 'kardan'.

韻が合う語

پیدا کردن (peydā kardan) امضا کردن (emzā kardan) اهدا کردن (ehdā kardan) اجرا کردن (ejrā kardan) رسوا کردن (rosvā kardan) برپا کردن (barpā kardan) تقاضا کردن (taghāzā kardan) تمنا کردن (tamannā kardan)

よくある間違い

Ignoring the glottal stop (ain) in 'ma'nā', making it sound like 'mānā'.
Putting the stress on 'ma' instead of the end of the verb.
Pronouncing 'kardan' as 'kordun' (an informal dialectal shift that should be avoided in formal speech).

難易度

読解 7/5

Requires understanding of formal and academic Persian texts.

ライティング 8/5

Using compound verbs correctly in various tenses is a C1 skill.

スピーキング 6/5

Common in classroom and intellectual discussions.

リスニング 7/5

Found in news, podcasts, and lectures.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

معنی کردن یعنی کلمه جمله

次に学ぶ

تفسیر کردن تعبیر کردن تبیین کردن مفهوم هرمنوتیک

上級

معناشناسی باطن‌گرایی هرمنوتیکِ فلسفی دال و مدلول

知っておくべき文法

Compound Verbs with 'Kardan'

معنا + کردن = معنا کردن (To define)

The Direct Object Marker 'Rā'

من این واژه را معنا می‌کنم.

Subjunctive Mood for Intent

می‌خواهم این شعر را معنا کنم.

Passive Construction

این کلمه به درستی معنا شده است.

Infinitive as Noun

معنا کردنِ این متن سخت است.

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

レベル別の例文

لطفاً این کلمه را معنا کنید.

Please define this word.

Imperative form of kardan.

من نمی‌توانم این جمله را معنا کنم.

I cannot define/translate this sentence.

Negative 'can' + infinitive.

معنا کردن این کلمه آسان است.

Defining this word is easy.

Gerund/Infinitive as subject.

او کلمات را برای من معنا می‌کند.

He defines the words for me.

Present simple.

آیا می‌توانی این را معنا کنی؟

Can you define this?

Question with 'can'.

ما باید این درس را معنا کنیم.

We must define/interpret this lesson.

Modal 'must'.

معلم کلمه 'سلام' را معنا کرد.

The teacher defined the word 'Salaam'.

Past simple.

این واژه را چطور معنا می‌کنی؟

How do you define this term?

Interrogative 'how'.

او سعی کرد خوابش را معنا کند.

He tried to interpret his dream.

Compound verb in subjunctive.

کتاب لغت کلمات را معنا می‌کند.

The dictionary defines the words.

Subject-verb agreement.

شما این رفتار را چگونه معنا می‌کنید؟

How do you interpret this behavior?

Formal 'you'.

من فردا این متن را معنا خواهم کرد.

I will define/translate this text tomorrow.

Future tense.

او داشت شعر را برای ما معنا می‌کرد.

He was defining the poem for us.

Past continuous.

نباید حرف‌های او را بد معنا کنی.

You shouldn't misinterpret his words.

Negative modal.

آیا این کلمه درست معنا شده است؟

Is this word defined correctly?

Passive voice.

او همیشه کلمات سخت را معنا می‌کند.

He always defines hard words.

Adverb of frequency.

نویسنده عشق را در کتابش زیبا معنا کرده است.

The author has defined love beautifully in his book.

Present perfect.

اگر وقت داشتم، تمام شعر را معنا می‌کردم.

If I had time, I would define the whole poem.

Conditional type 2.

او سکوت مرا به معنای رضایت معنا کرد.

He interpreted my silence as consent.

Prepositional phrase 'be ma'nā-ye'.

باید یاد بگیریم چطور مفاهیم را معنا کنیم.

We must learn how to define concepts.

Infinitive phrase.

او از من خواست که این اصطلاح را معنا کنم.

He asked me to define this idiom.

Reported speech.

معنا کردن این متن زمان زیادی می‌برد.

Defining this text takes a lot of time.

Gerund as subject.

او توانست تمام سوالات را به درستی معنا کند.

He was able to interpret all the questions correctly.

Past ability.

چرا این حرکت را توهین‌آمیز معنا کردی؟

Why did you interpret this move as offensive?

Interrogative 'why'.

هر کس موفقیت را به شیوه خود معنا می‌کند.

Everyone defines success in their own way.

Indefinite pronoun subject.

او با کارهایش شجاعت را دوباره معنا کرد.

He redefined courage with his actions.

Prefix 're-' implied by 'dobāre'.

این نظریه را می‌توان به چندین شکل معنا کرد.

This theory can be interpreted in several ways.

Passive with 'tavānestan'.

منظور او از این حرف چه بود و چطور باید آن را معنا کرد؟

What was his intention with this word and how should it be interpreted?

Compound sentence.

او سعی دارد زندگی را فراتر از مادیات معنا کند.

He is trying to define life beyond material things.

Prepositional phrase 'farātar az'.

من این اتفاق را یک نشانه معنا می‌کنم.

I interpret this event as a sign.

Direct object + complement.

اگر او اینگونه معنا نمی‌کرد، دعوا نمی‌شد.

If he hadn't interpreted it this way, there wouldn't have been a fight.

Past unreal conditional.

او به دنبال کسی است که بتواند دردهایش را معنا کند.

He is looking for someone who can give meaning to his pains.

Relative clause.

فلاسفه قرن‌هاست که حقیقت را معنا می‌کنند.

Philosophers have been defining truth for centuries.

Present perfect continuous sense.

در این جستار، ما عدالت را از دیدگاه افلاطون معنا خواهیم کرد.

In this essay, we will define justice from Plato's perspective.

Academic register.

هرمنوتیک دانشِ چگونه معنا کردنِ متون است.

Hermeneutics is the science of how to interpret texts.

Ezafe construction with gerund.

او نگاه سردِ مدیر را به عنوانِ پایانِ همکاری معنا کرد.

He interpreted the manager's cold look as the end of cooperation.

Complex direct object.

نویسنده تلاش می‌کند تا رنج را به مثابهِ راهی برای رشد معنا کند.

The author tries to define suffering as a path to growth.

Formal preposition 'be masābe-ye'.

این واژه در متون کلاسیک به گونه‌ای متفاوت معنا می‌شده است.

This word used to be defined differently in classical texts.

Past habitual passive.

ما نباید پدیده‌های اجتماعی را تک‌بعدی معنا کنیم.

We should not interpret social phenomena in a one-dimensional way.

Compound adjective 'tak-bo'di'.

او توانست پیچیده‌ترین استعاره‌ها را به سادگی معنا کند.

He was able to interpret the most complex metaphors simply.

Superlative adjective.

او در پیِ آن است که هستی را در بسترِ عدم معنا کند.

He seeks to define existence within the context of non-existence.

Highly abstract/philosophical.

تفسیرگر باید بکوشد تا متن را بدونِ پیش‌فرض معنا کند.

The interpreter must strive to define the text without presuppositions.

Subjunctive with 'kushidan'.

آیا می‌توان زیبایی را بدونِ ارجاع به سوژه معنا کرد؟

Can beauty be defined without reference to the subject?

Rhetorical question.

او با مرگِ خود، مفهومِ ایثار را در تاریخِ معاصر معنا کرد.

With his death, he defined the concept of self-sacrifice in contemporary history.

Historical context.

این مکتبِ فکری، قدرت را به عنوانِ ابزاری برای سلطه معنا می‌کند.

This school of thought defines power as a tool for dominance.

Sociological register.

تقلیل دادنِ معنا کردن به ترجمه، یک خطایِ روش‌شناختی است.

Reducing interpretation to translation is a methodological error.

Gerundial subject with 'taghlil dādan'.

او در اشعارش، تنهایی را به مثابهِ یک فرصتِ استعلایی معنا می‌کند.

In his poems, he defines loneliness as a transcendental opportunity.

Transcendental vocabulary.

چگونه می‌توان سکوتِ تاریخ را در برابرِ فجایع معنا کرد؟

How can one interpret the silence of history in the face of catastrophes?

Metaphorical usage.

よく使う組み合わせ

معنا کردن واژگان

معنا کردن زندگی

معنا کردن خواب

معنا کردن شعر

به غلط معنا کردن

دوباره معنا کردن

به درستی معنا کردن

معنا کردن مفاهیم

چگونه معنا کردن

به نفع خود معنا کردن

よく使うフレーズ

این را چطور معنا می‌کنید؟

— How do you define/interpret this?

در این متن، این کلمه را چطور معنا می‌کنید؟

نمی‌توان آن را معنا کرد

— It cannot be defined/interpreted.

احساس من به گونه‌ای است که نمی‌توان آن را معنا کرد.

باید این رفتار را معنا کرد

— This behavior needs to be interpreted.

ما باید این سکوتِ طولانی را معنا کنیم.

معنا کردنِ دقیق

— Precise definition.

معنا کردنِ دقیقِ این اصطلاح کار دشواری است.

به سادگی معنا کردن

— To define simply.

او توانست موضوع را به سادگی معنا کند.

معنا کردنِ واژه‌به‌واژه

— Word-for-word definition/translation.

او متن را واژه‌به‌واژه معنا کرد.

معنا کردنِ تحت‌اللفظی

— Literal definition.

معنا کردنِ تحت‌اللفظیِ این ضرب‌المثل درست نیست.

معنا کردنِ استعاری

— Metaphorical interpretation.

او کل داستان را به صورت استعاری معنا کرد.

معنا کردنِ عمیق

— Deep interpretation.

او نگاهی عمیق به معنا کردنِ هستی دارد.

معنا کردنِ متفاوت

— Different interpretation.

هر کس این واقعه را به شکلی متفاوت معنا می‌کند.

よく混同される語

معنا کردن vs تعریف کردن

Often confused because both mean 'to define'. 'Ta'rif' is for formal definitions; 'Ma'na' is for the essence or interpretation.

معنا کردن vs ترجمه کردن

Translation is linguistic; 'Ma'na kardan' is conceptual explanation.

معنا کردن vs تعبیر کردن

Use 'Ta'bir' for dreams; 'Ma'na' is more general.

慣用句と表現

"عشق را معنا کردن"

— To show the true essence of love through actions.

مادر با فداکاری‌اش عشق را معنا کرد.

Poetic

"زندگی را معنا کردن"

— To find or create purpose in life.

او با کمک به دیگران زندگی‌اش را معنا کرد.

Philosophical

"درد را معنا کردن"

— To experience or express suffering in a profound way.

اشعار او دردِ غربت را معنا می‌کنند.

Literary

"شجاعت را معنا کردن"

— To embody the perfect example of courage.

سربازان در جبهه شجاعت را معنا کردند.

Heroic

"آزادی را معنا کردن"

— To define or manifest the true spirit of liberty.

انقلاب‌گران آزادی را دوباره معنا کردند.

Political

"ایثار را معنا کردن"

— To redefine self-sacrifice through a monumental act.

او با بخشیدن تمام اموالش ایثار را معنا کرد.

Moral

"زیبایی را معنا کردن"

— To set a new standard for what is considered beautiful.

این اثر هنری زیبایی را معنا می‌کند.

Artistic

"انسانیت را معنا کردن"

— To show what it truly means to be human.

رفتار او با فقرا انسانیت را معنا کرد.

Ethical

"سکوت را معنا کردن"

— To give a specific significance to a period of silence.

او سکوتِ تلخِ خود را با گریه معنا کرد.

Emotional

"شکست را معنا کردن"

— To interpret failure as a lesson or a new beginning.

او شکست را به عنوانِ پلی برای پیروزی معنا کرد.

Motivational

間違えやすい

معنا کردن vs یعنی

Both relate to meaning.

'Yani' is a particle (it means); 'Ma'na kardan' is a verb (to define/interpret).

این یعنی چه؟ vs این را معنا کن.

معنا کردن vs توضیح دادن

Both involve making something clear.

'Tozih' is 'how' it works; 'Ma'na' is 'what' it is.

او راه را توضیح داد. vs او هدف را معنا کرد.

معنا کردن vs تفسیر کردن

Both involve interpretation.

'Tafsir' is much more detailed and usually religious or academic.

مفسر قرآن را تفسیر کرد.

معنا کردن vs بیان کردن

Both involve words.

'Bayan' is 'to express/state'; 'Ma'na' is 'to define'.

او نظرش را بیان کرد.

معنا کردن vs فهمیدن

Both relate to understanding.

'Fahmidan' is the internal act of understanding; 'Ma'na kardan' is the external act of explaining meaning.

من معنای آن را فهمیدم.

文型パターン

لطفاً [Word] را معنا کنید.

لطفاً 'سیب' را معنا کنید.

من نمی‌توانم [Sentence] را معنا کنم.

من نمی‌توانم این جمله را معنا کنم.

[Person] حرف مرا [Adverb] معنا کرد.

او حرف مرا بد معنا کرد.

چطور می‌توان [Concept] را معنا کرد؟

چطور می‌توان خوشبختی را معنا کرد؟

در این متن، [Term] به عنوانِ [Definition] معنا شده است.

در این متن، وطن به عنوانِ عشق معنا شده است.

نویسنده سعی دارد [Subject] را دوباره معنا کند.

نویسنده سعی دارد سنت را دوباره معنا کند.

تقلیلِ [Act] به [Simple Act]، [Concept] را به درستی معنا نمی‌کند.

تقلیلِ هنر به سرگرمی، آن را به درستی معنا نمی‌کند.

باید در بسترِ [Context]، این پدیده را معنا کرد.

باید در بسترِ تاریخ، این پدیده را معنا کرد.

語族

名詞

معنا

معنی

معناگرایی

動詞

معنا داشتن

معنا بخشیدن

形容詞

معنادار

بی‌معنا

معنوی

使い方

frequency

Common in education, literature, and formal discussions.

よくある間違い

Using 'ma'nā kardan' as an intransitive verb. → Using it with 'rā'.
You must define *something*. You can't just 'define' without an object.
Saying 'In vāje ma'nā mikonad...' → Saying 'In vāje yani...' or 'In vāje be ma'nā-ye...'
Words don't perform the action of defining; people do.
Confusing it with 'ta'bir kardan' for every dream. → Using 'ta'bir kardan' for dreams specifically.
'Ma'na kardan' is okay but 'ta'bir' is the professional term.
Using 'ba' instead of 'be' for 'as'. → X rā *be* Y ma'nā kardan.
The preposition 'be' is required for defining X as Y.
Using it for simple narration (telling a story). → Using 'ta'rif kardan' for stories.
Don't mix up the 'define' meaning of ta'rif with its 'tell' meaning.

ヒント

Direct Object

Always remember to use 'rā' after the concept you are defining.

Synonym Choice

Use 'ma'nā kardan' for 'what it is' and 'tafsir kardan' for 'deep analysis'.

Politeness

Using this verb when asking for clarification makes you sound more respectful and educated.

Poetry

If you study Persian poetry, this will be your most used verb in the classroom.

Precision

In essays, define your key terms in the introduction using 'ma'nā kardan'.

Adverbs

Combine it with adverbs like 'vasia' (broadly) or 'mahdud' (narrowly) to be more precise.

Context Clues

Pay attention to whether the speaker is defining a word or an entire event.

Root Link

Link it to 'Ma'naviyat' (Spirituality) to remember it deals with the 'soul' of the word.

Formal Papers

Use the passive 'ma'nā mishavad' to sound objective in research papers.

Don't Overuse

Don't use it for simple 'What is this?' questions; use 'yani' for those.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of 'Ma' as 'Mother' and 'Na' as 'Nature'. 'Ma'nā' is the 'Mother of Nature'—the core meaning behind everything. 'Kardan' is just 'doing' the work to find it.

視覚的連想

Imagine a person peeling an onion. Each layer is a word, but the core they are trying to reach is the 'ma'nā'. The act of peeling is 'ma'nā kardan'.

Word Web

معنا (Meaning) مفهوم (Concept) تفسیر (Interpretation) تعریف (Definition) لفظ (Word/Expression) باطن (Inner meaning) ظاهر (Appearance) فهم (Understanding)

チャレンジ

Try to define your favorite hobby in Persian using 'ma'nā kardan'. For example: 'Man varzesh rā be onvān-e salāmati ma'nā mikonam' (I define sports as health).

語源

The word 'ma'nā' is an Arabic loanword (معنى) derived from the root 'ʿ-n-y' (عني), which relates to 'meaning,' 'concerning,' or 'intending.' It was integrated into Persian as a noun. The Persian auxiliary verb 'kardan' (to do/make) comes from the Old Persian 'karnau-', meaning 'to do' or 'to perform.'

元の意味： The original Arabic sense was 'that which is intended' or 'the concept behind the word.'

Indo-European (Persian part) and Afro-Asiatic (Arabic part).

文化的な背景

Be careful when 'ma'nā kardan' religious texts, as different interpretations can be a sensitive topic in certain contexts.

In English, 'to mean' can be passive ('this means that'), but 'ma'nā kardan' is always an active human endeavor. English speakers often over-use 'yani' because it's easier, but using 'ma'nā kardan' shows a higher level of education.

The 'Masnavi-ye Ma'navi' by Rumi (The Spiritual/Meaningful Couplets). Discussions on 'Hermeneutics' (Hermonutik) in modern Iranian philosophy circles. Traditional 'Tafsir' (Exegesis) sessions in Qom and Mashhad.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Academic/Classroom

استاد این واژه را معنا کرد.
معنا کردن اصطلاحات فنی.
چگونه این مفهوم را معنا کنیم؟
معنا کردن متن‌های قدیمی.

Literature/Poetry

معنا کردن اشعار حافظ.
استعاره را معنا کردن.
معنا کردن لایه‌های پنهان متن.
تفسیر و معنا کردن.

Daily Communication

حرف مرا بد معنا نکن.
این سکوت را چطور معنا می‌کنی؟
معنا کردن یک لبخند.
منظورم را درست معنا کردی.

Philosophy/Existentialism

معنا کردن هستی.
زندگی را معنا کردن.
معنا کردن رنج.
جستجو برای معنا کردن.

Legal/Technical

معنا کردن مفاد قرارداد.
قانون را معنا کردن.
تعریف و معنا کردن واژگان حقوقی.
معنا کردن محدودیت‌ها.

会話のきっかけ

"شما موفقیت را در زندگی چطور معنا می‌کنید؟ (How do you define success in life?)"

"آیا می‌توان عشق را در یک جمله معنا کرد؟ (Can one define love in a single sentence?)"

"به نظر شما، بهترین راه برای معنا کردنِ اشعارِ کلاسیک چیست؟ (In your opinion, what is the best way to interpret classical poems?)"

"چرا بعضی‌ها حرف‌های ساده را خیلی پیچیده معنا می‌کنند؟ (Why do some people interpret simple words so complexly?)"

"چطور می‌توانیم رنج‌هایمان را به شکلی مثبت معنا کنیم؟ (How can we define our sufferings in a positive way?)"

日記のテーマ

امروز یک اتفاق جالب افتاد. آن را برای خودت چگونه معنا می‌کنی؟ (A cool thing happened today. How do you interpret it for yourself?)

سه کلمه‌ای که زندگی تو را معنا می‌کنند بنویس و توضیح بده. (Write three words that define your life and explain them.)

آیا تا به حال کسی حرف تو را بد معنا کرده است؟ چه حسی داشتی؟ (Has someone ever misinterpreted your words? How did you feel?)

اگر بخواهی 'آزادی' را برای یک کودک معنا کنی، چه می‌گویی؟ (If you wanted to define 'freedom' for a child, what would you say?)

چگونه مطالعه کتاب‌های جدید، نگاه تو را به جهان دوباره معنا می‌کند؟ (How does reading new books redefine your view of the world?)

よくある質問

10 問

Yes, in a classroom setting, it is often used as a synonym for 'translate and explain.' For example, 'In vāje rā be Englisi ma'nā kon' means 'Define/Translate this word into English.'

Yes, it is more formal than 'yani.' It is the preferred term in academic writing, literature, and serious discussions.

They are variants of the same word. 'Ma'ni' is slightly more common in everyday speech, while 'ma'nā' is slightly more formal and preferred in literature.

No, you define concepts or actions. However, you can say 'You defined courage for me' using this verb metaphorically.

You use 'be eshtebāh ma'nā kardan' or 'bad ma'nā kardan'.

Yes, though 'ta'rif kardan' is also common, 'ma'nā kardan' is used when explaining the scope or application of a technical term.

Yes, you can interpret a piece of music: 'In āhang rā chetor ma'nā mikonid?'

The passive form is 'ma'nā shodan' (to be defined/interpreted).

The first part 'ma'nā' is Arabic; the second part 'kardan' is Persian. This is a very common structure in Persian.

Not really. You wouldn't define '2+2=4' with this verb. Use it for concepts that require explanation.

無料登録してヒントとメモを見る