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A2 noun #1,200 よく出る 10分で読める

تلاش

Q: What is the plural of 'talāsh'?

The plural is 'talāsh-hā' (تلاشها), used when referring to multiple attempts or a history of efforts.

talash 上位1,200

練習する例文メモとヒント تلاش 30秒で

解説 تلاش in your Level:

At the A1 level, 'talāsh' is a very useful word to express that you are working hard at something. Even though it is technically an A2 word, beginners can use it in its simplest form: 'talāsh kardan' (to try/strive). You might use it to say 'I try to speak Persian' (man talāsh mikonam fārsi harf bezanam). At this stage, focus on the present tense 'talāsh mikonam' and the past tense 'talāsh kardam'. It helps you communicate that you are putting in effort, which is very common when learning a new language. You don't need to worry about complex synonyms yet; just use 'talāsh' when you want to say you are working hard toward a goal. It is almost always followed by 'barāye' (for) or a verb in the simple subjunctive form. For example, 'talāsh mikonam bekhābam' (I am trying to sleep). This word is essential for showing your intention and dedication to your listeners.

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At the A2 level, you should start using 'talāsh' more accurately with adjectives and in different tenses. You can say 'talāsh-e ziyād' (much effort) or 'talāsh-e sakht' (hard effort). You should also be comfortable using it with the preposition 'barāye' (for) followed by a noun, such as 'talāsh barāye movaffaqiyat' (effort for success). At this level, you begin to see the difference between 'talāsh' and 'sa'y'. Use 'talāsh' when the action requires more energy. You can also start using the word in the imperative form to encourage others: 'talāsh kon!' (Strive! / Try hard!). Understanding that 'talāsh' is a noun that combines with 'kardan' is crucial here. You might also encounter the word 'talāshgar' (hard-working) as a simple adjective to describe someone. Practice making sentences about your daily routines and the efforts you make in your hobbies or work.

At the B1 level, you should be able to use 'talāsh' in more complex sentence structures, including conditional sentences and relative clauses. For example, 'Agar talāsh koni, movaffaq mishi' (If you strive, you will succeed). You should also start to recognize 'talāsh' in news headlines and more formal contexts. At this stage, you can distinguish between 'talāsh' (effort) and 'kushesh' (endeavor), using 'kushesh' for more formal or academic topics. You will also learn common collocations like 'talāsh-e bi-vaqfeh' (ceaseless effort) and 'talāsh-e dast-jam'i' (collective effort). You can use the word to describe social or historical events, such as 'talāsh-e mardom barāye āzādi' (the people's struggle for freedom). Your ability to use 'talāsh' with various prefixes and suffixes, and in different moods (like the subjunctive or perfect), should be developing. You should also be able to discuss the concept of effort in a more abstract way during conversations.

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At the B2 level, 'talāsh' becomes a tool for nuanced expression. You can use it to contrast different types of work or to describe the intensity of a struggle. You will use it in formal writing, such as essays or reports, to discuss 'talāsh-hā-ye diplomātik' (diplomatic efforts) or 'talāsh-hā-ye bashar-dustāneh' (humanitarian efforts). You should be comfortable with the Ezafe construction in long strings, such as 'talāsh-e khastegi-nāpazir-e dāneshmandān' (the tireless effort of the scientists). At this level, you can also use 'talāsh' in more idiomatic ways and understand its use in contemporary Persian literature and media. You will be able to debate the importance of 'talāsh' versus 'talent' (este'dād) and use the word to provide detailed explanations of processes. You should also be familiar with the word's role in compound adjectives and how it functions in passive-like constructions in formal Persian.

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At the C1 level, you have a deep understanding of 'talāsh' and its place within the Persian lexicon. You can distinguish it from highly formal synonyms like 'mojāhedat', 'ehtemām', and 'sa'y-o-kushesh'. You can use 'talāsh' in academic discourse to describe research methodologies or historical movements. You are aware of the word's etymological roots and its resonance in modern Persian thought. You can use it to analyze poetry or complex prose, identifying the subtle emotional weight it carries. Your usage is indistinguishable from a native speaker's, as you know exactly when 'talāsh' is too strong or too weak for a given context. You can also use the word in complex rhetorical structures, such as 'har chand talāsh-hā-ye farāvāni surat gereft, ammā...' (although many efforts were made, but...). You understand the sociological and psychological implications of the word in Iranian culture, such as the value placed on 'talāsh' in the face of insurmountable odds.

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At the C2 level, you possess a masterly command of 'talāsh' and its entire word family. You can use it with precision in any register, from archaic-sounding formal documents to the latest street slang. You understand the philosophical nuances of 'talāsh' as it relates to concepts of free will, destiny, and the human condition in Persian philosophy and mysticism. You can appreciate and use the word in high-level literary criticism, discussing how an author uses the theme of 'talāsh' to build character or plot. You are familiar with all possible idioms, proverbs, and historical references involving the word. Your ability to manipulate the word in complex grammatical structures, such as inverted sentences or highly stylized prose, is perfect. You can also recognize and use 'talāsh' in various Persian dialects and understand how its usage might vary across the Persian-speaking world (Iran, Afghanistan, Tajikistan).

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練習する例文メモとヒント

تلاش 30秒で

Talāsh is the Persian word for effort or striving.
It is commonly used with the verb 'kardan' to mean 'to try hard'.
It implies persistence and is stronger than the word 'sa'y'.
It is used in all contexts, from daily life to formal politics.

The Persian word تلاش (talāsh) is a cornerstone of the Persian language, representing the concept of effort, striving, and earnest attempt. Unlike a simple 'try,' talāsh implies a level of persistence and dedication. It is a noun that most frequently pairs with the light verb کردن (kardan) to form the compound verb تلاش کردن, meaning 'to make an effort' or 'to strive.' In the cultural context of Iran and the broader Persian-speaking world, talāsh is highly valued, often associated with the path to success, personal growth, and overcoming adversity. It is used in almost every domain of life, from a parent encouraging a child to study harder to a coach motivating an athlete, or a scientist describing the years of research leading to a breakthrough.

Core Essence: At its heart, talāsh is about the movement toward a goal. It is not just the act of trying once, but the continuous application of energy and will.

او برای رسیدن به آرزوهایش بسیار تلاش می‌کند.
He/She strives a lot to reach their dreams.

The word is versatile. You will hear it in academic settings where professors emphasize the need for talāsh-e shabāneh-ruzi (day and night effort). In the workplace, a manager might praise a team's talāsh-e dast-jam'i (collective effort). It carries a positive connotation of resilience. Even in difficult times, Persians often use the phrase talāshat rā bokon (make your effort/do your best) as a form of consolation and encouragement, suggesting that while the outcome is not always in our hands, the effort certainly is.

Usage in Media: News reports frequently use this word when discussing diplomatic 'efforts' or rescue 'operations' (talāsh-hā-ye emdādi).

بدون تلاش، هیچ موفقیتی به دست نمی‌آید.
Without effort, no success is achieved.

Furthermore, the word talāsh is often used in the plural form talāsh-hā to denote multiple attempts or a series of efforts made over time. This is common in historical or biographical contexts. For example, 'The efforts of the people for freedom' would be talāsh-hā-ye mardom barāye āzādi. It is a word that resonates with the human spirit's desire to improve and overcome obstacles. In modern Persian, it is also found in compound nouns like talāsh-gar (striver/hard worker), describing someone who is characterized by their constant effort.

Social Context: In social gatherings, acknowledging someone's talāsh is a high form of respect, showing you value their hard work over just their luck or talent.

ما از تلاش‌های شما سپاسگزاریم.
We are grateful for your efforts.

Using تلاش (talāsh) correctly involves understanding its role as a noun and how it integrates into various grammatical structures. The most common way to use it is as part of the compound verb تلاش کردن (talāsh kardan). This verb is transitive in meaning but functions as an intransitive compound verb in Persian grammar, usually followed by the preposition برای (barāye - for) or در جهتِ (dar jahat-e - in the direction of).

Basic Structure: [Subject] + [Prepositional Phrase] + [talāsh] + [conjugated kardan].

من برای یادگیری زبان فارسی تلاش می‌کنم.
I am making an effort to learn the Persian language.

When you want to describe the intensity of the effort, you can add adjectives like ziyād (much), bishtar (more), or bi-vaqfeh (ceaseless) directly after the word talāsh. In these cases, the Ezafe construction (the short 'e' sound) is used to link the noun and the adjective: talāsh-e ziyād.

Adding Adjectives: تلاشِ سخت (talāsh-e sakht) - Hard effort / Strenuous effort.

آن‌ها تلاشِ بسیاری کردند تا پروژه را تمام کنند.
They made a lot of effort to finish the project.

In more formal or literary contexts, talāsh can be the subject of a sentence. For example, 'Your effort is admirable' would be talāsh-e shomā sotudani ast. It can also be used with other verbs like be kār bordan (to employ/use), as in tamām-e talāsh-e khod rā be kār bord (He/She used all their effort).

Negation: To negate, add 'na' to the beginning of the 'kardan' part: تلاش نمی‌کنم (I don't strive).

چرا برای حل این مشکل تلاش نمی‌کنی؟
Why don't you make an effort to solve this problem?

Another important structure is the use of talāsh with the preposition dar (in). This is used to specify the field or area of effort. For example, talāsh dar rāh-e vatan (effort in the way of the homeland). This adds a sense of nobility or purpose to the action. In colloquial speech, you might hear people say talāsh-eto bokon, which is the imperative form meaning 'do your best' or 'try your hardest.'

هر تلاشی ارزشمند است.
Every effort is valuable.

The word تلاش (talāsh) is ubiquitous in the Persian-speaking world, appearing in diverse contexts ranging from the most formal political speeches to the most casual conversations among friends. If you are watching Iranian television, listening to a podcast, or reading a newspaper, you are almost guaranteed to encounter this word within minutes. It is a fundamental part of the vocabulary of motivation, progress, and social responsibility.

In the Education System: Teachers and parents constantly use 'talāsh' to encourage students. You'll see it on report cards and in motivational posters in schools.

دانش‌آموزان باید برای موفقیت در کنکور تلاش کنند.
Students must strive to succeed in the university entrance exam (Konkur).

In the world of sports, talāsh is the word of choice for commentators. When a wrestler is fighting for a point or a football player is chasing the ball, the commentator will shout about their talāsh-e khastegi-nāpazir (tireless effort). It captures the physical exertion and the mental will to win. Similarly, in business and entrepreneurship, success stories are always framed around the talāsh of the founders. You will hear it in interviews where successful people explain that their achievements were not due to luck but to years of talāsh-e shabāneh-ruzi.

In Literature and Poetry: While modern, 'talāsh' appears in contemporary poetry and prose to signify the human struggle against fate or social injustice.

او تمام تلاش خود را کرد تا خانواده‌اش را خوشحال کند.
He made every effort to make his family happy.

In everyday life, you might hear it in a more mundane context. If someone is trying to fix a broken appliance or find a lost key, they might say, dāram talāsh mikonam dorostesh konam (I'm trying to fix it). It is also common in religious and spiritual discourses, where talāsh is linked to the concept of 'Jihad' (in its broader sense of internal struggle) or 'Sa'y' (the ritual walking between Safa and Marwa during Hajj). This gives the word a layer of moral and spiritual depth that simple 'work' or 'effort' might lack in English.

In Music and Art: Song lyrics often use 'talāsh' to describe the struggle of a lover to reach the beloved or the artist's struggle to create.

با تلاش و پشتکار، غیرممکن ممکن می‌شود.
With effort and perseverance, the impossible becomes possible.

While تلاش (talāsh) is a relatively straightforward word, English speakers and new learners often stumble on its nuances and grammatical requirements. One of the most frequent errors is treating it as a verb directly, rather than a noun that requires a light verb. In English, 'to effort' isn't a word, but 'to try' is. Learners often try to conjugate talāsh as if it were a simple verb, which is incorrect.

Mistake 1: Missing the Light Verb: Incorrect: من تلاشیدیم (I efforted). Correct: من تلاش کردم (I made an effort).

اشتباه: من برای درس تلاشم. درست: من برای درس تلاش می‌کنم.
Mistake: I effort for the lesson. Correct: I am making an effort for the lesson.

Another common mistake is the confusion between talāsh and sa'y (سعی). While they are often interchangeable, sa'y is slightly more formal and often refers to a single attempt or a specific intent, whereas talāsh implies a more vigorous, physical, or sustained struggle. Using sa'y when you mean a massive, life-changing effort can make your speech sound a bit weak or overly clinical.

Mistake 2: Preposition Errors: Learners often use 'be' (to) instead of 'barāye' (for). While 'be' can sometimes work in specific poetic contexts, 'barāye' is the standard for 'effort to/for'.

اشتباه: تلاش به موفقیت. درست: تلاش برای موفقیت.
Mistake: Effort to success. Correct: Effort for success.

There is also the issue of the 'Ezafe'. When describing the effort with an adjective, you must use the Ezafe. Saying talāsh ziyād sounds like 'effort much' and is grammatically broken. It must be talāsh-e ziyād. Similarly, when using a possessive pronoun, like 'my effort,' it must be talāsh-e man or the suffix talāsham.

Mistake 3: Over-complicating: Sometimes learners use 'talāsh' when a simple 'kardan' (to do) or 'sa'y kardan' (to try) would be more natural for minor tasks.

او تلاش کرد که در را باز کند.
He struggled/strived to open the door (implies the door was very stuck). If it was just a normal try, 'sa'y kard' is better.

Persian is a language rich in synonyms, and تلاش (talāsh) is part of a cluster of words that all relate to the idea of effort, work, and striving. Understanding the differences between these words will elevate your Persian from basic to advanced. The most common alternatives are کوشش (kushesh), سعی (sa'y), and مجاهدت (mojāhedat).

تلاش (talāsh) vs. کوشش (kushesh): Talāsh is more common in modern, everyday speech and often implies a physical or vigorous struggle. Kushesh is slightly more formal and is often used in academic or literary contexts to describe a systematic effort.

کوشش‌های علمی او به نتیجه رسید.
His scientific endeavors/efforts bore fruit. (Kushesh is preferred for intellectual work).

سعی (sa'y) is an Arabic loanword that is extremely common. It is often used for 'trying' in a more general sense. If you are trying to remember a name or trying to call someone, sa'y kardan is more natural than talāsh kardan. Talāsh is reserved for when the 'trying' involves significant energy or importance.

تلاش (talāsh) vs. سعی (sa'y): Sa'y is the 'intent' to try; Talāsh is the 'exertion' of the try.

سعی می‌کنم فردا بیایم.
I will try to come tomorrow. (Using 'talāsh' here would sound like you are going to fight a war to get there).

For very formal, religious, or high-stakes political contexts, you might encounter مجاهدت (mojāhedat) or اهتمام (ehtemām). Mojāhedat carries the connotation of a holy struggle or a selfless sacrifice. Ehtemām refers to great care, diligence, and attention to detail in one's efforts. Another interesting word is تکاپو (takāpu), which describes a restless, frantic effort or a search, like someone running around trying to find a solution.

Other Related Words: جان‌فشانی (jān-fashāni) - Self-sacrifice/extreme effort; پشتکار (poshtkār) - Perseverance.

او با تلاش و اهتمام فراوان به این مقام رسید.
He reached this position with great effort and diligence.

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

In some older texts, 'talāsh' was used to describe the scattering of light or the restless movement of a crowd. It's a very 'active' word compared to its synonyms.

発音ガイド

UK /tæˈlɑːʃ/

US /təˈlɑʃ/

The stress is on the second syllable: ta-LĀSH.

韻が合う語

کاش (kāsh - I wish) فاش (fāsh - revealed) پاش (pāsh - scatter/foot) تراش (tarāsh - cut/shave) خراش (kharāsh - scratch) آش (āsh - soup) باش (bāsh - be!) ماش (māsh - mung bean)

よくある間違い

Pronouncing the first 'a' as a long 'ā'. It should be short.
Pronouncing the 'sh' as 's'.
Putting the stress on the first syllable.
Forgetting to aspirate the 't' slightly.
Mixing up the 'l' with a dark 'l' sound.

難易度

読解 2/5

Easy to recognize in text as it is a common root.

ライティング 3/5

Requires understanding of compound verb conjugation and Ezafe.

スピーキング 2/5

Pronunciation is straightforward for English speakers.

リスニング 2/5

Commonly heard in many contexts, making it easy to pick up.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

کردن برای زیاد کار خوب

次に学ぶ

کوشش سعی موفقیت هدف پیروزی

上級

مجاهدت اهتمام تکاپو استقامت پایداری

知っておくべき文法

Compound Verbs

تلاش + کردن = تلاش کردن

Subjunctive Mood after 'talāsh kardan'

تلاش می‌کنم که بروم (I try to go).

Ezafe Construction with Adjectives

تلاشِ سخت (Hard effort).

Pluralization of Abstract Nouns

تلاش‌ها (Efforts/Attempts).

Prepositional Objects

تلاش برای [Noun].

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レベル別の例文

من تلاش می‌کنم.

I am trying.

Present continuous meaning using simple present form.

او برای درس تلاش می‌کند.

He/She strives for the lesson.

Use of 'barāye' for the object of effort.

ما تلاش کردیم.

We tried.

Simple past tense of 'talāsh kardan'.

آیا تو تلاش می‌کنی؟

Are you trying?

Question form with 'āyā'.

آن‌ها تلاش نمی‌کنند.

They are not trying.

Negative form with 'na-' prefix.

تلاش کن!

Try! / Strive!

Imperative mood.

من باید تلاش کنم.

I must try.

Use of 'bāyad' with subjunctive.

تلاش خوب است.

Effort is good.

Simple noun-adjective sentence.

او تلاش زیادی برای یادگیری کرد.

He made a lot of effort to learn.

Adding 'ziyād' with Ezafe.

تلاش من نتیجه داد.

My effort bore fruit/succeeded.

Possessive 'man' after Ezafe.

باید بیشتر تلاش کنیم.

We must try more.

Comparative adjective 'bishtar'.

او بدون تلاش موفق نشد.

He didn't succeed without effort.

Use of 'bedun-e' (without).

این یک تلاش سخت بود.

This was a hard effort.

Adjective 'sakht' linked by Ezafe.

من برای خوشحالی مادرم تلاش می‌کنم.

I strive for my mother's happiness.

Complex prepositional phrase.

تلاش شما عالی بود.

Your effort was excellent.

Formal 'shomā' as possessive.

او همیشه در حال تلاش است.

He is always in the state of striving.

Continuous structure 'dar hāl-e'.

اگر تلاش نکنی، به هدفت نمی‌رسی.

If you don't strive, you won't reach your goal.

First conditional sentence.

تلاش‌های او باعث پیشرفت شرکت شد.

His efforts caused the company's progress.

Plural 'talāsh-hā' as subject.

او با تلاش فراوان بر مشکلات پیروز شد.

With great effort, he overcame the problems.

Use of 'bā' (with) and 'farāvān' (abundant).

ما برای صلح در جهان تلاش می‌کنیم.

We strive for peace in the world.

Abstract noun 'solh' as goal.

این پروژه به تلاش دست‌جمعی نیاز دارد.

This project needs collective effort.

Compound adjective 'dast-jam'i'.

او از تلاش کردن خسته نمی‌شود.

He doesn't get tired of striving.

Gerund-like use of 'talāsh kardan'.

تلاش او برای نجات گربه ستودنی بود.

His effort to save the cat was admirable.

Adjective 'sotudani' (admirable).

هر چه بیشتر تلاش کنی، موفق‌تر خواهی بود.

The more you strive, the more successful you will be.

Correlative 'har che... -tar'.

دولت برای مهار تورم تلاش می‌کند.

The government is striving to control inflation.

Formal vocabulary 'mahār-e tavarrom'.

تلاش‌های دیپلماتیک برای حل بحران ادامه دارد.

Diplomatic efforts to solve the crisis continue.

Adjective 'diplomātik'.

او تمام تلاش خود را به کار بست تا برنده شود.

He employed all his effort to win.

Idiomatic 'be kār bastan' (to employ).

علیرغم تلاش‌های زیاد، آن‌ها شکست خوردند.

Despite many efforts, they were defeated.

Use of 'alā-raghm-e' (despite).

تلاش بی‌وقفه کلید موفقیت در هر کاری است.

Ceaseless effort is the key to success in any task.

Compound adjective 'bi-vaqfeh'.

او در تلاش است تا رکورد جهانی را بشکند.

He is in an effort (striving) to break the world record.

Structure 'dar talāsh ast tā'.

این کتاب حاصل تلاش ده ساله نویسنده است.

This book is the result of the author's ten-year effort.

Use of 'hāsel' (result/product).

تلاش برای حفظ محیط زیست وظیفه همگانی است.

Striving to preserve the environment is a universal duty.

Formal 'vazifeh-ye hamagāni'.

تلاش‌های مذبوحانه او برای پنهان کردن حقیقت بی‌فایده بود.

His desperate efforts to hide the truth were useless.

Advanced adjective 'mazbuhāneh' (desperate/struggling).

این جنبش ثمره تلاش‌های نسل‌های متمادی است.

This movement is the fruit of the efforts of successive generations.

Literary 'samareh' (fruit) and 'motamādi' (successive).

او با اهتمام و تلاش وافر به مدارج عالی علمی رسید.

With diligence and abundant effort, he reached high academic levels.

Formal 'ehtemām' and 'vāfer'.

تلاش در جهتِ اعتلای فرهنگ جامعه امری ضروری است.

Striving toward the elevation of society's culture is a necessary matter.

Formal 'dar jahat-e' and 'e'telā'.

او در تکاپو و تلاشی دائمی برای یافتن معنای زندگی است.

He is in constant struggle and effort to find the meaning of life.

Pairing 'takāpu' and 'talāsh'.

تلاش‌های بشردوستانه سازمان‌های بین‌المللی قابل تقدیر است.

The humanitarian efforts of international organizations are worthy of appreciation.

Passive-like 'qābel-e taqdir'.

او از هیچ تلاشی برای رسیدن به هدفش فروگذار نکرد.

He spared no effort to reach his goal.

Idiom 'az hich talāshi forugozār nakardan'.

تلاش‌های نافرجام آن‌ها منجر به ناامیدی شد.

Their unsuccessful efforts led to disappointment.

Advanced adjective 'nā-farjām' (unsuccessful/abortive).

تلاش‌های مستمر وی در پهنه ادبیات، جانی تازه به شعر معاصر بخشید.

His continuous efforts in the field of literature breathed new life into contemporary poetry.

Highly formal 'pahneh' and 'jān bakhshidan'.

در پسِ هر موفقیت درخشان، کوهی از تلاش‌های طاقت‌فرسا نهفته است.

Behind every brilliant success lies a mountain of grueling efforts.

Metaphorical 'kuhi az' and 'tāqat-farsā'.

او با مجاهدت و تلاشی خستگی‌ناپذیر، نام خود را در تاریخ جاودانه کرد.

With tireless struggle and effort, he made his name eternal in history.

Pairing 'mojāhedat' and 'jāvedāneh'.

تلاش برای نیل به کمال، جوهره وجودی انسان است.

Striving to attain perfection is the existential essence of man.

Philosophical 'nil be kamāl' and 'johareh'.

سعی و تلاش وافر وی در استیفای حقوق مظلومان ستودنی است.

His abundant effort and attempt in reclaiming the rights of the oppressed is admirable.

Legal/Formal 'estifā' and 'mazlumān'.

تلاش‌های بی‌ثمر در تقابل با سرنوشت، بن‌مایه بسیاری از تراژدی‌هاست.

Fruitless efforts in confrontation with fate are the motif of many tragedies.

Literary 'bi-samar' and 'bon-māyeh'.

او در تلاشی عبث برای بازگرداندن زمان بود.

He was in a futile effort to turn back time.

Adjective 'abas' (futile/vain).

تلاش‌های اصلاح‌طلبانه وی با مقاومت‌های شدیدی روبرو گشت.

His reformist efforts were met with intense resistance.

Political 'eslāh-talabāneh' and 'rubaru gashtan'.

よく使う組み合わせ

تلاش کردن

تلاشِ زیاد

تلاشِ بی‌وقفه

تلاشِ دست‌جمعی

تلاش برای موفقیت

تمامِ تلاش

تلاشِ شبانه‌روزی

بی‌نتیجه ماندنِ تلاش

قدردانی از تلاش

در تلاش بودن

よく使うフレーズ

تلاشت را بکن

— Do your best / Give it your all.

نگران نباش، فقط تلاشت را بکن.

بدون هیچ تلاشی

— Without any effort / Effortlessly.

او بدون هیچ تلاشی برنده شد.

تلاش بیهوده

— Futile effort / A waste of time.

این یک تلاش بیهوده است.

به تلاش افتادن

— To start striving / To scramble.

وقتی دیر شد، به تلاش افتاد.

مزدِ تلاش

— The reward of effort.

موفقیت مزد تلاش او بود.

تلاشِ مضاعف

— Double effort / Extra effort.

ما به تلاش مضاعف نیاز داریم.

تلاشِ مذبوحانه

— Desperate/struggling effort.

تلاش مذبوحانه برای فرار.

در تکاپو و تلاش

— In a state of constant striving and movement.

او همیشه در تکاپو و تلاش است.

حاصلِ تلاش

— The result of effort.

این نمره حاصل تلاش توست.

تلاشِ خستگی‌ناپذیر

— Tireless effort.

با تلاش خستگی‌ناپذیر به هدف رسید.

よく混同される語

تلاش vs سعی (sa'y)

Sa'y is more about the attempt, while Talāsh is more about the exertion.

تلاش vs تراش (tarāsh)

Tarāsh means cutting or shaving; it sounds similar but is unrelated.

تلاش vs تقلب (taqallob)

Taqallob means cheating; sometimes learners confuse 'effort' with 'cheating' in high-pressure contexts.

慣用句と表現

"آب در هاون کوبیدن"

— To pound water in a mortar (to make a futile effort).

تلاش برای تغییر او مثل آب در هاون کوبیدن است.

Informal/Proverb

"جان کندن"

— To struggle to the point of death (extreme effort).

برای خرید این خانه جان کندم.

Informal/Slang

"به هر دری زدن"

— To knock on every door (to try every possible way).

برای پیدا کردن کار به هر دری زدم.

Neutral

"خود را به آب و آتش زدن"

— To throw oneself into water and fire (to go to extremes).

او برای نجات دوستش خود را به آب و آتش زد.

Neutral

"عرق ریختن"

— To sweat (to work very hard).

او برای این پول عرق ریخته است.

Informal

"دود چراغ خوردن"

— To inhale lamp smoke (to study/work hard for years).

او برای دانشمند شدن دود چراغ خورده است.

Literary/Old-fashioned

"کوه کندن"

— To dig a mountain (to do an incredibly hard task).

فکر کردی کوه کندی؟ فقط یک اتاق را تمیز کردی!

Informal/Sarcastic

"پاشنه ورکشیدن"

— To pull up one's heels (to get ready for a big effort).

باید پاشنه را ورکشیم و کار را تمام کنیم.

Informal

"دل به کار دادن"

— To give one's heart to the work (to put in sincere effort).

اگر دل به کار بدهی، موفق می‌شوی.

Neutral

"از جان مایه گذاشتن"

— To put one's soul/life into it.

او برای این پروژه از جان مایه گذاشت.

Formal/Emphatic

間違えやすい

تلاش vs سعی

Both mean 'try'.

Sa'y is often used for simple, everyday tries. Talāsh is for hard work and struggle.

سعی کن یادت بیاد (Try to remember) vs تلاش کن برنده شی (Strive to win).

تلاش vs کوشش

Both mean 'effort'.

Kushesh is more formal and systematic. Talāsh is more physical and common.

کوشش‌های علمی (Scientific efforts) vs تلاش برای دویدن (Effort to run).

تلاش vs کار

Both involve energy.

Kār is 'work' or 'job'. Talāsh is the 'effort' put into the work.

من کار می‌کنم (I work) vs من تلاش می‌کنم (I strive).

تلاش vs تمرین

Both involve repetition.

Tamrin is 'practice' or 'exercise'. Talāsh is the 'striving' during that practice.

تمرین پیانو (Piano practice) vs تلاش برای یادگیری پیانو (Effort to learn piano).

تلاش vs مبارزه

Both involve struggle.

Mobārezeh is 'fight' or 'struggle' against an opponent. Talāsh is 'striving' toward a goal.

مبارزه با دشمن (Fighting the enemy) vs تلاش برای صلح (Striving for peace).

文型パターン

من تلاش می‌کنم.

من برای [Noun] تلاش می‌کنم.

من برای موفقیت تلاش می‌کنم.

او تلاش کرد که [Subjunctive Verb].

او تلاش کرد که برنده شود.

با تلاشِ [Adjective]، [Clause].

با تلاش زیاد، او کار را تمام کرد.

تلاش در جهتِ [Noun]، [Clause].

تلاش در جهت بهبود اوضاع ادامه دارد.

علیرغم تلاش‌های [Adjective]، [Clause].

علیرغم تلاش‌های نافرجام، او ناامید نشد.

تلاشِ [Person] برای [Noun].

تلاشِ علی برای یادگیری.

[Noun] به تلاش نیاز دارد.

این کار به تلاش نیاز دارد.

語族

名詞

تلاش (effort)

تلاشگر (striver)

متلاش (obsolete form of striver)

動詞

تلاش کردن (to strive)

تلاش ورزیدن (to practice effort - formal)

形容詞

تلاشگر (hardworking)

پرتلاش (full of effort)

بی‌تلاش (effortless/lazy)

使い方

frequency

Very high; ranked in the top 1000 most common Persian words.

よくある間違い

من تلاشیدم → من تلاش کردم
Learners often try to conjugate 'talāsh' as a simple verb. It must be a compound verb with 'kardan'.
تلاش به موفقیت → تلاش برای موفقیت
The preposition 'be' (to) is rarely used with 'talāsh'. 'Barāye' (for) is the standard.
تلاش زیاد کردم → تلاشِ زیادی کردم
When an adjective follows 'talāsh', the Ezafe (short 'e' sound) is required.
من تلاش غذا می‌خورم → من سعی می‌کنم غذا بخورم
Using 'talāsh' for simple actions like eating sounds strange. 'Sa'y' is better for minor attempts.
تلاش من عالی هست → تلاش من عالی است
In formal or written Persian, 'ast' is preferred over 'hast' for simple 'is'.

ヒント

Compound Verb Logic

Always remember that 'talāsh' is the noun part of a compound verb. Conjugate the 'kardan' part to change the tense or person.

Intensity Matters

Use 'talāsh' when you want to emphasize that the task is hard or requires real dedication. For simple things, use 'sa'y'.

Adjective Pairing

Pair 'talāsh' with 'ziyād' (much) or 'sakht' (hard) to describe the level of effort. Don't forget the Ezafe!

Encouragement

Use 'talāshat rā bokon' (do your best) to encourage Persian speakers. It's a very supportive and common phrase.

Stress the End

The stress in 'talāsh' is on the second syllable. This is a common pattern for two-syllable Persian nouns.

Formal Contexts

In formal writing, you can use 'talāsh-hā-ye' followed by the person's name to attribute efforts to them.

Recognizing the Root

Listen for the 'sh' sound at the end. It's a very distinct sound in Persian and helps identify the word.

Visualizing Effort

Visualize someone pushing a boulder. That physical struggle is the essence of 'talāsh'.

Subjunctive Mood

When you say 'I try to [verb]', the second verb must be in the subjunctive. 'Talāsh mikonam bekhānam'.

Ezafe Connection

When 'talāsh' is followed by a possessive (like 'my effort'), use the Ezafe: 'talāsh-e man'.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Imagine a person named 'Tal' who is 'Ashing' (splashing) through a difficult river to reach the other side. That's 'Tal-āsh' - a big effort!

視覚的連想

Visualize a mountain climber (talāsh-gar) sweating as they pull themselves up a steep cliff. The sweat represents the 'talāsh'.

Word Web

Success Hard work Sweat Goal Persistence Struggle Movement Energy

チャレンジ

Try to use 'talāsh' in three different sentences today: one about your Persian studies, one about your work, and one about a hobby.

語源

The word 'talāsh' is of Persian origin. It is believed to be related to the root 'talāshidan' which meant to search or to scatter. Over time, the meaning evolved from 'searching frantically' to the general sense of 'striving' or 'making an effort'.

元の意味： To search, to scatter, or to move restlessly.

Indo-European -> Indo-Iranian -> Iranian -> Persian.

文化的な背景

No specific sensitivities; it is a universally positive and safe word.

English speakers might use 'try' for everything, but in Persian, using 'talāsh' shows you take the task seriously.

The poem 'Kushesh o Talāsh' by Parvin E'tesami. Motivational speeches by Iranian entrepreneurs. Sports commentary during the Olympics.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Education

تلاش برای نمره بهتر
تلاش در کلاس
قدردانی از تلاش دانش‌آموز
تلاش شبانه‌روزی برای کنکور

Sports

تلاش برای قهرمانی
تلاش تا آخرین لحظه
تلاش تیمی
تلاش برای شکستن رکورد

Work/Business

تلاش برای ارتقا
تلاش در جهت فروش بیشتر
تلاش‌های مدیریتی
نتیجه تلاش کارکنان

Personal Growth

تلاش برای تغییر
تلاش برای یادگیری مهارت جدید
تلاش برای سلامتی
تلاش برای بهتر شدن

Politics/News

تلاش‌های صلح‌طلبانه
تلاش برای حل بحران
تلاش‌های بین‌المللی
تلاش دولت

会話のきっかけ

"برای یادگیری زبان فارسی چقدر تلاش می‌کنی؟ (How much effort do you make to learn Persian?)"

"به نظر تو تلاش مهم‌تر است یا استعداد؟ (In your opinion, is effort more important or talent?)"

"آخرین باری که برای چیزی خیلی تلاش کردی کی بود؟ (When was the last time you strove hard for something?)"

"چگونه می‌توانیم تلاش دانش‌آموزان را بیشتر کنیم؟ (How can we increase students' effort?)"

"آیا تلاش همیشه به موفقیت منجر می‌شود؟ (Does effort always lead to success?)"

日記のテーマ

امروز برای چه هدفی تلاش کردی؟ جزئیات آن را بنویس. (What goal did you strive for today? Write the details.)

یک خاطره از زمانی که تلاش زیاد تو نتیجه داد بنویس. (Write a memory of a time when your great effort bore fruit.)

اگر در کاری شکست بخوری، باز هم تلاش می‌کنی؟ چرا؟ (If you fail at something, will you strive again? Why?)

تلاش در زندگی تو چه جایگاهی دارد؟ (What place does effort have in your life?)

درباره تفاوت تلاش و تنبلی یک پاراگراف بنویس. (Write a paragraph about the difference between effort and laziness.)

よくある質問

10 問

It is a noun. To use it as a verb, you must pair it with 'kardan' (to do/make), resulting in 'talāsh kardan'.

No, for trying food, use 'emtehān kardan' (to test/try). 'Talāsh' implies hard work, which doesn't fit eating.

The plural is 'talāsh-hā' (تلاش‌ها), used when referring to multiple attempts or a history of efforts.

It is neutral. It can be used in casual conversation, but it is also perfectly acceptable in formal writing and news.

Usually 'barāye' (for) or 'dar' (in). For example, 'talāsh barāye āzādi' (effort for freedom).

You can say 'Tamām-e talāsh-am rā mikonam' (I am making all my effort).

They are close synonyms, but 'talāsh' is more intense and common in modern Persian, while 'sa'y' is more general.

Yes, it often translates to 'struggle' when the effort is difficult or against resistance.

A 'talāsh-gar' is a person who strives or works very hard; a hard-worker or striver.

Yes, 'kushesh' is more formal and often used for intellectual or academic endeavors, while 'talāsh' is more general.

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