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B2 noun 8分で読める

زبان‌شناسی

zabaanshenasi
例文 زبان‌شناسی 30秒で
解説 زبان‌شناسی in your Level:
At the A1 level, you don't need to know the complex theories of linguistics, but you should recognize the word زبان‌شناسی as the name of a subject you might study at school or university. Think of it like 'History' or 'Math.' It comes from two words you might already know: زبان (language) and the idea of 'knowing' or 'studying' (شناسی). If someone asks you, 'What do you study?' you can say, 'I study linguistics' (من زبان‌شناسی می‌خوانم). It's a long word, but if you break it down into 'Zaban' and 'Shenasi,' it becomes much easier to remember. At this stage, just focus on identifying it in a list of university majors or academic books.
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By A2, you can start using زبان‌شناسی in simple sentences to describe your interests or the interests of others. You might say, 'My friend likes linguistics' (دوست من زبان‌شناسی را دوست دارد). You can also understand that a person who does this is called a زبان‌شناس (linguist). You will see this word on the covers of books about how words are made or how Persian is different from English. It's a useful word to know if you are talking to Iranian students, as many people in Iran are very proud of their language and its scientific study. Remember, it's not just about speaking a language; it's about the 'science' of it.
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At the B1 level, you should be able to discuss the importance of زبان‌شناسی in a more detailed way. You can use it to explain why you are interested in the structure of Persian. For example, 'Linguistics helps me understand Persian grammar better' (زبان‌شناسی به من کمک می‌کند تا دستور زبان فارسی را بهتر بفهمم). You will encounter this word in news articles about language preservation or new educational methods. You should also start noticing compound terms like زبان‌شناسی همگانی (general linguistics). This is a good time to practice the Ezafe construction with this word, ensuring you add the 'ye' sound when describing a specific type of linguistics.
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At B2, you are expected to use زبان‌شناسی in academic or professional discussions. You should understand the difference between the noun and the adjective زبان‌شناختی (linguistic). You can talk about different branches like زبان‌شناسی اجتماعی (sociolinguistics) or زبان‌شناسی تاریخی (historical linguistics). You might use it to debate the influence of modern technology on the Persian language. For instance, 'From a linguistics perspective, the use of English loanwords in Persian is an interesting phenomenon.' You should be comfortable reading short academic abstracts that use this term and understanding the context of scientific research in Iranian universities.
At the C1 level, your understanding of زبان‌شناسی should be deep and nuanced. You can analyze complex texts that use the word to discuss theoretical frameworks, such as Generative Grammar or Functionalism. You should be able to use the word in formal writing, such as an essay or a report, to discuss the nuances of Persian dialects or the evolution of the language over centuries. You will likely hear this word in high-level intellectual debates on Iranian TV or in academic journals like 'The Journal of Linguistics' (مجله زبان‌شناسی). You can also use related terms like نظریه‌های زبان‌شناختی (linguistic theories) with ease and precision.
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At the C2 level, زبان‌شناسی is a tool for professional-level analysis. You can engage in scholarly discussions about the 'Linguistics of Persian' (زبان‌شناسی زبان فارسی) at a native-like level. You understand the philosophical implications of linguistic study and can critique different schools of thought within the Iranian academic community. You might use the word when discussing the works of famous Iranian linguists like Ali-Akbar Dehkhoda or modern figures like Mohammad Dabir-Moghaddam. Your usage is flawless, including the correct application of complex grammatical structures and the ability to distinguish between very similar but distinct academic terms in the field.
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例文

زبان‌شناسی 30秒で

  • Zabān-shenāsi is the Persian word for Linguistics, the scientific study of language.
  • It is a compound noun formed from 'zabān' (language) and 'shenāsi' (study/knowledge).
  • The field includes sub-disciplines like phonology, syntax, and sociolinguistics.
  • It is primarily used in academic, scientific, and professional contexts in Iran.

The term زبان‌شناسی (zabān-shenāsi) is a compound noun that serves as the direct Persian equivalent of the English word 'Linguistics.' At its core, it represents the scientific and systematic study of language in all its forms, functions, and structures. Unlike simply learning a language to speak it, which is often called زبان‌آموزی, this field delves into the mechanics of how human communication works. It is a vital academic discipline in Iran, with a rich history of scholars analyzing the evolution of Persian from Old Persian to Middle Persian and finally to the Modern Persian we use today.

Academic Context
In university settings, students enroll in the Department of Linguistics (گروه زبان‌شناسی) to study phonology, morphology, syntax, and semantics. It is used when discussing the structural rules that govern the Persian language.
Social and Cognitive Context
The term is frequently paired with other disciplines to form sub-fields like جامعه‌شناسی زبان (Sociolinguistics) or روان‌شناسی زبان (Psycholinguistics), which explore how language interacts with society and the human brain.

When you use the word زبان‌شناسی, you are signaling an interest in the underlying logic of communication. It is not just about vocabulary; it is about the 'why' and 'how' of speech. For instance, a linguist might study why certain dialects in the north of Iran use different verb endings compared to the standard Tehrani dialect. This word is essential for anyone pursuing higher education or intellectual discourse in Iran.

او در دانشگاه تهران مشغول به تحصیل در رشته زبان‌شناسی است.
(He/She is busy studying the field of linguistics at the University of Tehran.)

Historically, the study of language in the Persian-speaking world has roots in the works of medieval grammarians like Sibawayh, though the modern term زبان‌شناسی specifically refers to the Western-influenced scientific approach that gained prominence in the 20th century. Today, it covers everything from computational linguistics (زبان‌شناسی رایانه‌ای), which helps build tools like Google Translate, to historical linguistics (زبان‌شناسی تاریخی), which traces the roots of Indo-European languages.

Professional Usage
Professional translators and educators often reference زبان‌شناسی کاربردی (Applied Linguistics) to improve teaching methodologies and translation accuracy.

زبان‌شناسی به ما کمک می‌کند تا ساختار پیچیده مغز انسان را بهتر درک کنیم.
(Linguistics helps us to better understand the complex structure of the human brain.)

In everyday conversation, you might hear this word when someone is explaining their academic background or when a television host introduces an expert to discuss language evolution or the preservation of endangered Iranian languages like Tati or Balochi. It carries a connotation of intellectual rigor and scientific curiosity. It is a 'high-register' word, primarily found in books, newspapers, and academic settings rather than casual street slang.

Using زبان‌شناسی correctly requires understanding its role as a noun. It can function as the subject of a sentence, the object of a verb, or part of a prepositional phrase. Because it is an abstract noun representing a field of study, it often appears with verbs like خواندن (to study/read), تدریس کردن (to teach), or تحقیق کردن (to research).

As a Subject
When the word starts the sentence, it defines the scope of the statement. For example: زبان‌شناسی شاخه‌های متعددی دارد (Linguistics has numerous branches).
As an Object
When you are the one performing an action related to the field: من به زبان‌شناسی علاقه دارم (I am interested in linguistics).

کتاب‌های زیادی در زمینه زبان‌شناسی همگانی در بازار موجود است.
(Many books in the field of general linguistics are available in the market.)

Notice that in the example above, زبان‌شناسی is followed by the adjective همگانی (general). This is a common pattern in Persian called the Ezafe construction, where the noun is linked to its modifier with a short 'e' sound. Similarly, you will often see زبان‌شناسی تاریخی (historical linguistics) or زبان‌شناسی تطبیقی (comparative linguistics).

In more complex sentences, you can use the word to describe the methodology of a study. For example, if you are analyzing the slang used by youth in Tehran, you are performing a تحلیل زبان‌شناختی (linguistic analysis). Note the change from the noun زبان‌شناسی to the adjective زبان‌شناختی (linguistic).

In Comparisons
You can compare linguistics to other sciences: زبان‌شناسی به اندازه زیست‌شناسی علمی است (Linguistics is as scientific as biology).

نظریه‌های نوین زبان‌شناسی نگاه ما را به یادگیری زبان تغییر داده‌اند.
(Modern theories of linguistics have changed our view of language learning.)

Finally, when discussing career paths, you might say او به عنوان استاد زبان‌شناسی کار می‌کند (He works as a linguistics professor). The word is versatile and essential for any formal discussion regarding the Persian language's structure, history, or social impact.

While you might not hear زبان‌شناسی while buying bread at a local bakery, it is a staple in many other environments. Understanding where this word lives helps you grasp its cultural and social weight in Iran and the broader Persian-speaking world.

Academic and Educational Settings
This is the primary home of the word. At universities like the University of Tehran, Allameh Tabataba'i, or Shahid Beheshti, 'Linguistics' is a major department. You will hear it in corridors, lecture halls, and during thesis defenses.
Intellectual Media and Podcasts
Persian-language podcasts focusing on culture, history, or science often dedicate episodes to linguistic topics. For instance, discussing the 'Persianization' of loanwords or the influence of Arabic on Persian grammar.

در همایش امروز، درباره نقش زبان‌شناسی در هوش مصنوعی صحبت شد.
(In today's conference, the role of linguistics in artificial intelligence was discussed.)

You will also encounter this word in the Academy of Persian Language and Literature (فرهنگستان زبان و ادب فارسی). This institution is responsible for 'language planning' (برنامه‌ریزی زبانی), which is a major branch of linguistics. When they coin new Persian words to replace foreign ones, the underlying logic is always based on زبان‌شناسی.

Furthermore, in the digital age, tech companies in Iran working on Natural Language Processing (NLP) frequently use this term. When developers discuss how a computer understands Persian syntax, they are operating within the realm of زبان‌شناسی رایانه‌ای. It's a bridge between the humanities and the hard sciences.

Literary Circles
Poets and writers often debate the 'linguistics' of classical poetry, comparing the style of Ferdowsi's Shahnameh to modern prose.

مجله‌های تخصصی زبان‌شناسی مقالات جدیدی درباره گویش‌های محلی منتشر کرده‌اند.
(Specialized linguistics journals have published new articles about local dialects.)

In summary, زبان‌شناسی is heard wherever there is an attempt to analyze, preserve, or evolve the Persian language through a scientific lens. It signifies a transition from 'knowing' a language to 'understanding' it.

Learning a technical term like زبان‌شناسی can lead to some common pitfalls. English speakers often carry over assumptions from their own language, but Persian has its own nuances that need to be respected.

Mistake 1: Confusing Noun and Adjective
In English, 'linguistic' (adj) and 'linguistics' (noun) look very similar. In Persian, you must distinguish between زبان‌شناسی (the study) and زبان‌شناختی (linguistic). Don't say 'a linguistics analysis' using the noun; use the adjective.
Mistake 2: Mixing it with 'Grammar'
While grammar (دستور زبان) is a part of linguistics, they are not synonyms. Linguistics is much broader, including the study of sound and meaning. Using them interchangeably in an academic paper is a major error.

اشتباه: من در حال مطالعه دستور زبان‌شناسی هستم.
(Incorrect: I am studying 'linguistics grammar'. It sounds redundant and awkward.)

Another common mistake is the pronunciation of the compound. Since it's a compound word, some learners put the stress in the wrong place. The primary stress should be on the final syllable of the whole word: zabān-shenā-SÍ. Misplacing the stress can make it sound like two separate words rather than one cohesive academic term.

Learners also sometimes confuse زبان‌شناسی with زبان‌دانی. A 'Zaban-dan' is someone who knows a language well (a master of the language), whereas a 'Zaban-shenas' is someone who studies the science of it. You can be a brilliant 'Zaban-dan' (like a poet) without knowing anything about formal linguistics.

The 'Ezafe' Error
Because 'linguistics' often acts as a modifier in English (e.g., 'linguistics department'), learners forget that in Persian, the department comes first: دپارتمانِ زبان‌شناسی. Forgetting the Ezafe 'e' sound here is a common beginner mistake.

درست: او متخصص زبان‌شناسی رایانه‌ای است.
(Correct: He is a specialist in computational linguistics.)

Finally, ensure you don't use the word when you simply mean 'translation' (ترجمه). While linguistics informs translation, they are distinct professional paths in the Iranian job market.

To truly master زبان‌شناسی, you should understand how it relates to other terms in the Persian linguistic landscape. Each of these words has a specific shade of meaning that distinguishes it from the scientific study of language.

دستور زبان (Dastur-e Zabān)
Meaning: Grammar. While linguistics is the study of language science, 'Dastur' refers specifically to the prescriptive or descriptive rules of how words form sentences. Think of it as a subset of linguistics.
فیلولوژی (Philology)
Meaning: Philology. This is an older term often used for the study of historical texts and literary languages. In Iran, scholars of ancient Persian texts (like the Avesta) might identify more as philologists than modern linguists.

تفاوت زبان‌شناسی و دستور زبان در این است که اولی توصیفی و دومی اغلب تجویزی است.
(The difference between linguistics and grammar is that the former is descriptive and the latter is often prescriptive.)

Other related terms include واژه‌شناسی (Lexicology/Morphology), which focuses on words specifically, and آواشناسی (Phonetics), which focuses on the sounds of speech. If you are talking about the philosophy of language, you would use فلسفه زبان.

In modern academia, you might also see نشانه‌شناسی (Semiotics), which is the study of signs and symbols. While linguistics focuses on language, semiotics looks at all forms of communication. They are 'cousin' disciplines often taught in the same university departments.

زبان‌آموزی (Zabān-āmuzi)
Meaning: Language Learning/Acquisition. Use this when you are talking about the process of a child learning to speak or an adult learning Persian as a second language.

بسیاری از مفاهیم زبان‌شناسی در آموزش زبان به کار می‌روند.
(Many linguistics concepts are used in language teaching.)

By knowing these alternatives, you can avoid using زبان‌شناسی as a 'catch-all' term and instead speak with the precision expected of a B2-level Persian learner.

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レベル別の例文

1

من زبان‌شناسی می‌خوانم.

I study linguistics.

Simple present tense using the verb 'khāndan' (to study/read).

2

کتاب زبان‌شناسی کجاست؟

Where is the linguistics book?

Simple question structure with 'kojāst' (where is).

3

زبان‌شناسی جالب است.

Linguistics is interesting.

Simple adjective use with 'ast' (is).

4

استاد زبان‌شناسی آمد.

The linguistics professor came.

Past tense of 'āmadan' (to come).

5

این یک کلاس زبان‌شناسی است.

This is a linguistics class.

Use of 'in' (this) and 'yek' (one/a).

6

او زبان‌شناسی را دوست دارد.

He/she likes linguistics.

Use of 'rā' as a direct object marker.

7

ما درباره زبان‌شناسی حرف می‌زنیم.

We are talking about linguistics.

Present continuous concept using 'harf zadan'.

8

نام این درس زبان‌شناسی است.

The name of this lesson is linguistics.

Genitive construction (Ezafe) with 'nām-e in dars'.

1

زبان‌شناسی علم مطالعه زبان است.

Linguistics is the science of studying language.

Defining a noun with another noun phrase.

2

من می‌خواهم زبان‌شناس شوم.

I want to become a linguist.

Use of 'shodan' (to become) in the subjunctive.

3

آیا شما به زبان‌شناسی علاقه دارید؟

Are you interested in linguistics?

Polite plural form 'shomā'.

4

او در دانشگاه زبان‌شناسی می‌خواند.

He/she studies linguistics at the university.

Prepositional phrase 'dar dāneshgāh'.

5

کتاب‌های زبان‌شناسی گران هستند.

Linguistics books are expensive.

Plural subject with plural verb 'hastand'.

6

زبان‌شناسی به ما کمک می‌کند.

Linguistics helps us.

Compound verb 'komak kardan'.

7

او درباره زبان‌شناسی یک مقاله نوشت.

He/she wrote an article about linguistics.

Simple past of 'neveshtan' (to write).

8

زبان‌شناسی شاخه‌های زیادی دارد.

Linguistics has many branches.

Use of 'dārad' (has).

1

زبان‌شناسی همگانی یکی از درس‌های پایه است.

General linguistics is one of the basic courses.

Use of 'yeki az' (one of).

2

من به بخش زبان‌شناسی تاریخی علاقه بیشتری دارم.

I am more interested in the historical linguistics section.

Comparative adjective 'bishtar'.

3

او پایان‌نامه خود را در حوزه زبان‌شناسی نوشت.

He/she wrote their thesis in the field of linguistics.

Possessive pronoun 'khod' (self/their own).

4

زبان‌شناسی به ما یاد می‌دهد که زبان چگونه تغییر می‌کند.

Linguistics teaches us how language changes.

Subordinate clause starting with 'ke'.

5

بدون دانش زبان‌شناسی، ترجمه دقیق دشوار است.

Without knowledge of linguistics, accurate translation is difficult.

Preposition 'bedun-e' (without).

6

او یکی از معروف‌ترین استادان زبان‌شناسی ایران است.

He is one of the most famous linguistics professors in Iran.

Superlative adjective 'maruf-tarin'.

7

در این کنفرانس، مباحث جدیدی در زبان‌شناسی مطرح شد.

In this conference, new topics in linguistics were raised.

Passive construction 'matrah shod'.

8

یادگیری زبان‌شناسی نیاز به صبر و دقت دارد.

Learning linguistics requires patience and precision.

Subject is a gerund 'yādgiri' (learning).

1

زبان‌شناسی کاربردی به حل مشکلات آموزشی کمک می‌کند.

Applied linguistics helps solve educational problems.

Adjective 'kār-bordi' (applied) modifying the noun.

2

تحلیل‌های زبان‌شناختی او بسیار دقیق و علمی بود.

His linguistic analyses were very precise and scientific.

Plural noun 'tahlil-hā' with adjectival modifier.

3

رشته زبان‌شناسی در دهه‌های اخیر پیشرفت زیادی کرده است.

The field of linguistics has made much progress in recent decades.

Present perfect tense 'pishraft karde ast'.

4

زبان‌شناسی اجتماعی رابطه میان زبان و جامعه را بررسی می‌کند.

Sociolinguistics examines the relationship between language and society.

Verb 'barrasi kardan' (to examine/investigate).

5

او به بررسی جنبه‌های زبان‌شناسی در متون کلاسیک پرداخت.

He addressed the investigation of linguistic aspects in classical texts.

Auxiliary verb 'pardākhtan' used for starting an action.

6

بسیاری از نظریه‌های زبان‌شناسی بر پایه شواهد تجربی هستند.

Many linguistics theories are based on empirical evidence.

Prepositional phrase 'bar pāye-ye' (based on).

7

زبان‌شناسی رایانه‌ای نقش مهمی در توسعه مترجم‌های آنلاین دارد.

Computational linguistics plays an important role in developing online translators.

Compound noun 'motarjem-hā-ye online'.

8

او در حال تحقیق روی ساختار زبان‌شناسی گویش‌های محلی است.

He is researching the linguistic structure of local dialects.

Present continuous tense 'dar hāl-e tahghigh'.

1

رویکردهای نوین در زبان‌شناسی شناختی، مرزهای دانش را جابجا کرده‌اند.

Modern approaches in cognitive linguistics have shifted the boundaries of knowledge.

Complex subject with multiple modifiers.

2

زبان‌شناسی مقابله‌ای به بررسی تفاوت‌های ساختاری دو زبان می‌پردازد.

Contrastive linguistics addresses the investigation of structural differences between two languages.

Technical term 'zaban-shenasi-ye moghabele-i'.

3

تحول زبان‌شناسی در قرن بیستم مدیون تلاش‌های دانشمندانی چون چامسکی است.

The evolution of linguistics in the 20th century is indebted to the efforts of scientists like Chomsky.

Use of 'madyun-e' (indebted to).

4

او مقاله‌ای انتقادی درباره مبانی زبان‌شناسی ساخت‌گرا منتشر کرد.

He published a critical article about the foundations of structural linguistics.

Adjective 'entighādi' (critical) modifying 'maghāle'.

5

زبان‌شناسی قضایی ابزاری برای کشف جرم از طریق تحلیل متون است.

Forensic linguistics is a tool for crime detection through text analysis.

Noun 'ghazā-i' (judicial/forensic).

6

درک عمیق زبان‌شناسی برای هر پژوهشگر حوزه ادبیات ضروری است.

A deep understanding of linguistics is essential for every researcher in the field of literature.

Adjective 'zaruri' (necessary/essential).

7

زبان‌شناسی پیکره‌ای از داده‌های انبوه برای تحلیل زبان استفاده می‌کند.

Corpus linguistics uses massive data for language analysis.

Technical term 'peykare-i' (corpus-based).

8

نقد زبان‌شناختی متون ادبی، لایه‌های پنهان معنا را آشکار می‌سازد.

Linguistic criticism of literary texts reveals hidden layers of meaning.

Compound verb 'āshkār sāzadan' (to reveal).

1

پارادایم‌های حاکم بر زبان‌شناسی معاصر، تحت تأثیر فلسفه تحلیلی قرار گرفته‌اند.

The dominant paradigms in contemporary linguistics have been influenced by analytical philosophy.

Passive voice 'taht-e ta'sir-e ... gharār gerefte-and'.

2

زبان‌شناسی تاریخی-تطبیقی ریشه‌های مشترک زبان‌های هندواروپایی را بازسازی می‌کند.

Historical-comparative linguistics reconstructs the common roots of Indo-European languages.

Complex compound adjective 'tārikhi-tatbighi'.

3

واکاوی ماهیت زبان از منظر زبان‌شناسی زیستی، پرسش‌های بنیادینی را برمی‌انگیزد.

Analyzing the nature of language from the perspective of biolinguistics raises fundamental questions.

Formal verb 'bar-mi-angizad' (stirs up/raises).

4

او در رساله دکتری خود به تبیین جایگاه زبان‌شناسی در علوم اعصاب پرداخت.

In his doctoral dissertation, he addressed the clarification of the position of linguistics in neuroscience.

Formal noun 'tabyin' (clarification/explanation).

5

زبان‌شناسی نقش‌گرا بر کارکرد ارتباطی زبان در بافت‌های اجتماعی تأکید می‌ورزد.

Functional linguistics emphasizes the communicative function of language in social contexts.

Formal verb 'ta'kid varzidan' (to emphasize).

6

پیچیدگی‌های نحوی در زبان‌شناسی زایشی با استفاده از درخت‌های سازه‌ای نمایش داده می‌شوند.

Syntactic complexities in generative linguistics are displayed using constituent trees.

Technical term 'zāyeshi' (generative).

7

استقلال زبان‌شناسی به عنوان یک علم مجزا در اایل قرن بیستم تثبیت شد.

The independence of linguistics as a separate science was established in the early 20th century.

Noun 'esteghlāl' (independence).

8

زبان‌شناسی روان‌شناختی به بررسی فرآیندهای ذهنی تولید و درک گفتار می‌پردازد.

Psycholinguistics addresses the investigation of mental processes of speech production and comprehension.

Complex genitive chain (Ezafe).

よく使う組み合わせ

زبان‌شناسی همگانی
زبان‌شناسی کاربردی
زبان‌شناسی تاریخی
دپارتمان زبان‌شناسی
نظریه زبان‌شناسی
زبان‌شناسی رایانه‌ای
زبان‌شناسی اجتماعی
متخصص زبان‌شناسی
زبان‌شناسی شناختی
پژوهش‌های زبان‌شناسی

よく使うフレーズ

فارغ‌التحصیل زبان‌شناسی

— A linguistics graduate. Used to describe someone's educational background.

او فارغ‌التحصیل زبان‌شناسی از دانشگاه تهران است.

از منظر زبان‌شناسی

— From a linguistic perspective. Used to introduce a scientific viewpoint.

از منظر زبان‌شناسی، این واژه ریشه پهلوی دارد.

مطالعات زبان‌شناسی

— Linguistic studies. Refers to the body of work in the field.

مطالعات زبان‌شناسی در ایران سابقه‌ای طولانی دارد.

اصطلاحات زبان‌شناسی

— Linguistic terminology. The specific words used by linguists.

یادگیری اصطلاحات زبان‌شناسی زمان‌بر است.

زبان‌شناسی توصیفی

— Descriptive linguistics. Studying language as it is actually used.

او به زبان‌شناسی توصیفی علاقه دارد.

زبان‌شناسی تجویزی

— Prescriptive linguistics. Telling people how they 'should' speak.

زبان‌شناسی تجویزی در مدارس رایج‌تر است.

مبانی زبان‌شناسی

— Foundations of linguistics. The basic principles of the field.

این کتاب مبانی زبان‌شناسی را توضیح می‌دهد.

زبان‌شناسی تطبیقی

— Comparative linguistics. Comparing different languages.

زبان‌شناسی تطبیقی شباهت‌های فارسی و هندی را نشان می‌دهد.

گرایش زبان‌شناسی

— Linguistics major/concentration. Used in university contexts.

گرایش او در دکتری، زبان‌شناسی است.

زبان‌شناسی پیکره‌ای

— Corpus linguistics. Analysis based on large text databases.

او از روش‌های زبان‌شناسی پیکره‌ای استفاده می‌کند.

慣用句と表現

"زبانِ زرگری"

— A secret or coded language (Goldsmith's language). While not 'linguistics' as a science, linguists study this phenomenon.

بچه‌ها با زبان زرگری با هم حرف می‌زدند.

Informal/Cultural
"زبان مشترک پیدا کردن"

— To find a common language/ground. Though metaphorical, it relates to the goal of communication study.

ما بالاخره یک زبان مشترک پیدا کردیم.

Neutral
"مو را از ماست کشیدن"

— T

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