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A1 adjective #1,500 よく出る 11分で読める

زنده

zendeh 上位1,500

練習する例文メモとヒント زنده 30秒で

解説 زنده in your Level:

At the A1 level, the primary goal for a Persian learner is to grasp the most basic and literal meaning of the word زنده (zendeh), which is 'alive'. At this stage, vocabulary building is focused on fundamental survival concepts, family, and immediate surroundings. You will learn to use زنده to describe whether a person, an animal, or a plant is living or dead. The grammatical structure required here is extremely simple, usually involving the verb 'to be' (بودن - budan) in the present tense. For example, learning to say 'My grandfather is alive' (پدر بزرگم زنده است) or 'The fish is alive' (ماهی زنده است). It is crucial at this level to clearly distinguish between the adjective زنده (alive) and the noun زندگی (life), as beginners frequently confuse the two. You will also learn the direct antonym, مرده (mordeh), meaning 'dead'. Practice at this level involves simple descriptive sentences. You do not need to worry about complex compound verbs or metaphorical meanings yet. The focus is purely on establishing the core biological fact of existence. Additionally, you might encounter the word in the context of basic television viewing, recognizing that 'پخش زنده' means a live broadcast, which is a highly practical piece of vocabulary for everyday life in a Persian-speaking environment. Mastery at A1 means you can confidently state if something is living and understand simple questions about the survival or living status of people and animals.

As you progress to the A2 level, your understanding and application of the word زنده (zendeh) expand significantly. You are no longer just describing basic states of being; you begin to interact with the essential compound verbs that form the backbone of conversational Persian. At this stage, you must learn and practice verbs like زنده ماندن (zendeh mandan - to survive/stay alive) and زنده کردن (zendeh kardan - to revive/bring to life). This introduces a new layer of grammatical complexity, as you must now conjugate the auxiliary verbs (mandan, kardan) while keeping the adjective زنده constant. You will start forming sentences like 'He survived the accident' (او در تصادف زنده ماند) or 'The doctor revived the patient' (دکتر بیمار را زنده کرد). Furthermore, the A2 level introduces the metaphorical use of the word in everyday contexts. You will learn to describe a place as lively or a memory as being kept alive. The phrase زنده باد (zendeh bad - long live) also becomes relevant here, as it is a common cultural expression you will hear in movies, news, and daily interactions. You will also become more comfortable using the Ezafe to connect nouns and adjectives, confidently saying 'موجود زنده' (mowjud-e zendeh - living creature) instead of disjointed words. The focus shifts from mere identification of life to discussing events, survival, and basic emotional states related to vitality.

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Reaching the B1 level marks a transition into intermediate fluency, where your use of زنده (zendeh) becomes more nuanced and culturally integrated. At this stage, you are expected to understand and utilize the word in broader, more abstract contexts. You will comfortably use it to describe non-biological entities that possess a sense of vitality, such as a 'live language' (زبان زنده), 'live music' (موسیقی زنده), or a 'dynamic culture' (فرهنگ زنده). The metaphorical applications become a regular part of your vocabulary. For instance, you will use زنده کردن (zendeh kardan) not just for medical revival, but for emotional and psychological resurrection, such as 'reviving old memories' (زنده کردن خاطرات قدیمی) or 'reviving a forgotten tradition' (زنده کردن یک سنت فراموش شده). Grammatically, you will handle complex sentence structures, integrating these compound verbs with various tenses, including the subjunctive and past perfect. You will also start encountering derived words and related concepts, such as سرزنده (sarzendeh - lively/cheerful), and begin to differentiate between subtle synonyms. Listening comprehension at B1 involves easily understanding news broadcasts that use terms like پخش زنده (live broadcast) and following discussions about survival in documentaries or news reports. You will be able to express your feelings about how certain events or people make you feel 'alive again' (دوباره زنده شدم), demonstrating a deeper emotional connection to the language.

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At the B2 level, your command of the Persian language allows you to use زنده (zendeh) with a high degree of sophistication and natural flow. You are now engaging with authentic Persian media, literature, and complex discussions where the word appears in idiomatic and culturally specific expressions. You will effortlessly understand and use phrases like زنده یاد (zendeh yad - of blessed memory/late), which is crucial for showing respect when speaking about someone who has passed away but whose memory remains alive. Your vocabulary will expand to include idiomatic expressions like زنده پوست کندن (zendeh poost kandan - to skin alive, used metaphorically for severe punishment or criticism) or زنده به گور (zendeh be goor - buried alive). In written Persian, you will use زنده to construct persuasive arguments or descriptive narratives, discussing the 'living spirit' of a law or the 'vitality' of an economic system. You will easily distinguish between formal synonyms like حیات‌دار (hayat-dar) and everyday terms, choosing the appropriate register for your audience. Furthermore, you will be comfortable discussing abstract philosophical or scientific concepts regarding what constitutes a 'living organism' (ارگانیسم زنده) versus inanimate matter. Your ability to manipulate the root word into various forms and understand its subtle implications in poetry and prose demonstrates a strong, independent grasp of the language's depth.

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The C1 level represents advanced proficiency, where your use of زنده (zendeh) mirrors that of an educated native speaker. At this stage, you are not just using the word; you are playing with its literary and rhetorical possibilities. You will encounter and deeply understand the word in classical and modern Persian poetry, where the concepts of life, death, and spiritual awakening are central themes. You will analyze texts where زنده is used to describe the eternal nature of the soul or the enduring legacy of historical figures. Your spoken Persian will seamlessly incorporate complex idioms and culturally rich phrases like زنده دل (zendeh del - having a live heart/spiritually awake or cheerful). You will be able to engage in high-level debates about bioethics, discussing the rights of 'living beings' (موجودات زنده) with precise and formal terminology. In academic or professional writing, you will use the word to describe dynamic, evolving systems, such as a 'living document' (سند زنده) or a 'living language' (زبان زنده) in linguistic contexts. You will instinctively know when to use the Arabic-derived synonyms (like حیات) for stylistic variation and when the pure Persian زنده carries more emotional weight. Your comprehension of regional accents and rapid, colloquial speech involving compound verbs with زنده will be near perfect, allowing you to fully participate in any social or intellectual discourse.

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At the C2 level, you have achieved mastery and near-native fluency. Your understanding of زنده (zendeh) encompasses its entire etymological, cultural, and literary spectrum. You recognize the profound philosophical implications of the word in Persian mysticism (Sufism), where being 'alive' (زنده) often refers to a state of spiritual enlightenment and connection with the divine, as opposed to mere biological existence. You can effortlessly dissect and appreciate the nuanced use of the word in the works of giants like Rumi, Hafez, and Ferdowsi, understanding how they contrast the 'living' with the 'dead' in metaphorical terms. You are capable of creating your own poetic or rhetorical expressions using the word, manipulating its connotations to evoke specific emotional responses in your audience. In highly specialized fields, such as advanced biology, law, or philosophy, you use the terminology with absolute precision. You understand the historical evolution of the word and its cognates in other Indo-European languages. At this level, زنده is not just a vocabulary item; it is a conceptual tool that you use to articulate complex thoughts about existence, vitality, legacy, and the human condition, doing so with the elegance, rhythm, and cultural resonance expected of a master of the Persian language.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

زنده 30秒で

Means 'alive' or 'living' for people, animals, and plants.
Used for 'live' broadcasts in TV, radio, and social media.
Combines with verbs to mean 'survive' (زنده ماندن) or 'revive' (زنده کردن).
Used metaphorically to describe lively places, vivid memories, or dynamic systems.

The Persian word زنده (zendeh) is a fundamental adjective in the Persian language that translates primarily to 'alive' or 'living' in English. Understanding this word is absolutely crucial for any beginner learning Persian, as it forms the basis for discussing life, existence, and vitality. When we look at the core meaning of زنده, it refers to anything that possesses life, whether it is a human being, an animal, a plant, or even a microscopic organism. In its most literal sense, it is the direct opposite of مرده (mordeh), which means dead. However, the beauty of the Persian language lies in its metaphorical extensions, and زنده is no exception. Beyond biological life, زنده is frequently used to describe things that are full of energy, vibrant, or active. For instance, a lively conversation, a bustling city street, or a vivid memory can all be described using this versatile adjective. Furthermore, in the context of modern media and broadcasting, زنده takes on the meaning of 'live,' as in a live television or radio broadcast (پخش زنده). This multi-layered meaning makes it a word you will encounter daily in various contexts. Let us delve deeper into its applications.

Biological Context: In biology and everyday life, it refers to organisms that are currently living and breathing, maintaining biological functions.

پدر بزرگ من هنوز زنده است.

This sentence simply means 'My grandfather is still alive.' The usage here is straightforward and represents the most common application of the word for A1 learners. Moving on to another critical aspect, we see its use in media.

Media and Broadcasting: When referring to television, radio, or internet streams, it indicates that the event is happening in real-time, not pre-recorded.

این یک مسابقه فوتبال زنده است.

This translates to 'This is a live football match.' Notice how the adjective follows the noun it modifies, connected by the Ezafe vowel, which is a standard grammatical rule in Persian. Another fascinating dimension of this word is its emotional and psychological application. When someone experiences a sudden surge of hope, joy, or relief, they might say they feel alive again.

Emotional Vitality: Used metaphorically to describe a state of feeling energized, refreshed, or deeply connected to the human experience.

با دیدن تو دوباره زنده شدم.

This poetic expression means 'Seeing you made me feel alive again.' It highlights the deep emotional resonance the word carries in Persian culture, which is heavily influenced by poetry and expressive literature.

طبیعت در فصل بهار زنده می‌شود.

'Nature comes alive in the spring season.' Here, the word is used with the verb شدن (to become) to indicate the process of coming to life or reviving.

او یک اسطوره زنده است.

'He is a living legend.' This shows how the word is used to emphasize that someone whose achievements are legendary is still currently with us. In summary, mastering the word زنده opens up a vast array of expressive possibilities, from basic survival and biological states to complex emotional metaphors and modern media terminology. It is a cornerstone of the Persian vocabulary that every learner must grasp thoroughly to communicate effectively and naturally.

Using the word زنده (zendeh) correctly in Persian requires an understanding of its grammatical behavior, particularly its role as an adjective and its frequent participation in compound verbs. As an adjective, زنده follows the standard Persian rule of noun-adjective modification, which involves the use of the Ezafe. The Ezafe is an unstressed vowel (usually 'e' or 'ye') that links a noun to its modifier. Therefore, when you want to say 'a living creature', you say موجودِ زنده (mowjud-e zendeh). The Ezafe is crucial here; without it, the phrase would be grammatically incorrect and confusing to a native speaker. Let us explore the various syntactic environments where this word thrives.

Attributive Adjective: When modifying a noun directly, it must follow the noun and be connected by the Ezafe particle.

ما باید از محیط زیست و هر موجود زنده محافظت کنیم.

'We must protect the environment and every living creature.' This sentence perfectly illustrates the attributive use. But زنده is not just an adjective; it is a vital component of several highly frequent compound verbs. Persian relies heavily on compound verbs, which consist of a non-verbal element (like a noun or adjective) followed by a light verb (like kardan, shodan, or mandan).

Compound Verb: Zendeh Mandan: Combining زنده with ماندن (to stay/remain) creates the verb meaning 'to survive' or 'to stay alive'.

او در آن تصادف وحشتناک زنده ماند.

'He survived that terrible accident.' This is a critical construction for expressing survival. Another essential compound verb is زنده کردن (zendeh kardan), which means 'to revive', 'to bring back to life', or 'to resurrect'.

این آهنگ خاطرات قدیمی مرا زنده کرد.

'This song revived my old memories.' This metaphorical use is extremely common in everyday conversation and literature.

Compound Verb: Zendeh Shodan: Combining زنده with شدن (to become) creates the verb meaning 'to come back to life' or 'to be revived'.

بیمار پس از تلاش پزشکان دوباره زنده شد.

'The patient came back to life after the doctors efforts.' Furthermore, زنده is used in the phrase زنده باد (zendeh bad), which translates to 'Long live...'. This is an optative construction used to express strong support or praise for a person, country, or concept.

زنده باد آزادی و صلح در جهان.

'Long live freedom and peace in the world.' Understanding these grammatical structures and compound verbs is essential for using زنده fluently. It is not enough to just know it means 'alive'; you must know how it interacts with verbs like kardan, shodan, and mandan to fully unlock its potential in your Persian vocabulary.

The word زنده (zendeh) is ubiquitous in the Persian-speaking world, echoing through various facets of daily life, media, literature, and cultural expressions. Because its meaning spans the literal biological state of being alive to metaphorical vitality and real-time broadcasting, you will encounter it in an incredibly diverse range of contexts. For a Persian learner, recognizing where and how this word appears is key to understanding the cultural and practical nuances of the language. Let us explore the primary domains where زنده is most frequently heard and used.

Daily Conversation & Health: In everyday talk, it is constantly used to inquire about the well-being or survival of people, plants, and animals.

خدا را شکر که همه در زلزله زنده ماندند.

'Thank God everyone survived (stayed alive) in the earthquake.' In a region where natural disasters like earthquakes are a reality, discussing survival using زنده ماندن is unfortunately common. Beyond emergencies, you will hear it when people talk about their elderly relatives or even their house plants.

Television, Radio, and Social Media: The modern media landscape relies heavily on this word to denote live broadcasts, streams, and real-time events.

اخبار امشب به صورت زنده پخش می‌شود.

'Tonight's news is broadcast live.' If you turn on any Persian television channel, you will likely see the word زنده written in the corner of the screen during news programs, sports matches, or special events. On platforms like Instagram, a 'live stream' is simply referred to as لایو (live - borrowed from English) or پخش زنده.

من عاشق موسیقی زنده در رستوران هستم.

'I love live music in the restaurant.' This highlights its use in entertainment and hospitality.

Poetry and Literature: Persian literature frequently employs this word to discuss the eternal nature of love, memory, and the human spirit.

نام او در تاریخ همیشه زنده خواهد ماند.

'His name will remain alive forever in history.' This metaphorical usage is deeply ingrained in the culture, reflecting a profound respect for legacy and memory.

عشق تو مرا زنده نگه می‌دارد.

'Your love keeps me alive.' This romantic expression showcases the emotional weight the word carries. From the tragic news of an earthquake to the passionate verses of Hafez or Rumi, and the modern interface of a social media app, زنده is a word that bridges the gap between the ancient and the contemporary, the literal and the metaphorical. It is truly a word that breathes life into the Persian language.

When learning the Persian word زنده (zendeh), beginners often encounter a few specific stumbling blocks. While the concept of 'alive' seems straightforward, the grammatical application and the distinction between related words can cause confusion. Addressing these common mistakes early on will significantly improve your fluency and accuracy in Persian. The most prevalent error is confusing the adjective زنده (alive) with the noun زندگی (zendegi), which means 'life'. Because they share the same root, learners frequently interchange them, leading to grammatically incorrect and awkward sentences.

Confusing Adjective and Noun: Using زنده (alive) when you mean زندگی (life), or vice versa, is the most common pitfall for beginners.

Incorrect: او یک زنده خوب دارد. (He has a good alive.)

The correct sentence should be: او یک زندگی خوب دارد (He has a good life). You cannot possess 'alive'; you possess 'life'. Conversely, you cannot say someone is 'life' when you mean they are 'alive'.

Incorrect: پدرم هنوز زندگی است. (My father is still life.)

The correct phrasing is: پدرم هنوز زنده است (My father is still alive). Another frequent mistake involves the improper formation of compound verbs. As discussed earlier, زنده is often paired with verbs like ماندن (to remain), کردن (to do/make), and شدن (to become). Learners sometimes use the wrong auxiliary verb, altering the meaning entirely.

Wrong Auxiliary Verb: Mixing up زنده کردن (to revive something) with زنده شدن (to be revived) changes the subject and object relationship.

Incorrect: من در تصادف زنده کردم. (I revived in the accident.)

If you mean 'I survived', you must use ماندن (to remain): من در تصادف زنده ماندم. If you say 'zendeh kardam', a native speaker will wait for you to say *what* or *whom* you revived, as it is a transitive verb requiring an object.

Incorrect: برنامه تلویزیون زنده دارد. (The TV program has alive.)

To say a program is live, you use the verb 'to be' (است): برنامه تلویزیون زنده است.

Pronunciation Error: Mispronouncing the final 'eh' sound as a hard 'a' or dropping it entirely.

The word is pronounced zen-deh, with a soft 'eh' at the end. Some learners, especially those whose native languages do not have this terminal vowel sound, might pronounce it 'zend' or 'zenda'.

پخش زنده (Pakhsh-e zendeh)

Remember the Ezafe! When saying 'live broadcast', you must connect the noun and adjective with the 'e' sound. Saying 'Pakhsh zendeh' without the connecting vowel sounds disjointed and incorrect to native ears. By paying attention to these distinctions—especially between the noun and the adjective, and mastering the compound verbs—you will avoid the most common traps and use زنده with confidence.

To truly enrich your Persian vocabulary, it is highly beneficial to explore words that share similar meanings or occupy the same semantic field as زنده (zendeh). While زنده is the most common and versatile word for 'alive', Persian offers several synonyms and related terms that provide different shades of meaning, levels of formality, or specific contextual nuances. Understanding these alternatives will elevate your language skills from basic communication to a more nuanced and expressive level. Let us examine some of the most prominent words related to vitality, existence, and life.

جان‌دار (Jan-dar): Literally meaning 'having a soul' or 'having life', this word is often used in scientific or formal contexts to refer to living organisms.

انسان یک موجود جان‌دار است، درست مانند حیوانات و گیاهان که زنده هستند.

'A human is a living (animate) creature, just like animals and plants which are alive.' While زنده is the everyday word, جان‌دار emphasizes the biological or philosophical possession of life (جان - jan).

پویا (Pouya): This word translates to 'dynamic' or 'active'. It shares the metaphorical aspect of زنده when describing something lively or constantly evolving.

جامعه ما یک جامعه پویا و زنده است.

'Our society is a dynamic and lively society.' Here, پویا and زنده complement each other, emphasizing vitality and movement rather than just biological survival.

سرزنده (Sarzendeh): Meaning 'lively', 'cheerful', or 'vivacious'. This is a direct extension of زنده, specifically focusing on a person's energetic and happy demeanor.

کودکان همیشه شاد و سرزنده هستند، آنها روح زنده خانه اند.

'Children are always happy and lively; they are the living spirit of the house.' This word is perfect for describing personality traits.

او با وجود سن بالا، هنوز بسیار سرزنده و زنده دل است.

'Despite his old age, he is still very lively and young at heart (zendeh-del).'

حیات‌دار بودن ویژگی اصلی هر موجود زنده است.

'Having life (hayat-dar) is the main characteristic of every living creature.' حیات (hayat) is an Arabic loanword meaning life, making حیات‌دار a more formal, literary synonym for زنده. By familiarizing yourself with words like جان‌دار, پویا, and سرزنده, you can express the concept of 'life' and 'vitality' with much greater precision and elegance, adapting your vocabulary to suit casual conversations, poetic expressions, or formal academic discussions.

How Formal Is It?

難易度

知っておくべき文法

Noun-Adjective agreement using the Ezafe.

Formation of compound verbs with ماندن, کردن, شدن.

Use of the subjunctive mood after verbs of hoping or trying (e.g., تلاش کرد زنده بماند).

Optative mood for expressing wishes (زنده باد).

Nominalization of adjectives (زنده بودن - being alive).

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レベル別の例文

من زنده هستم.

I am alive.

Basic subject + adjective + 'to be' verb structure.

آن پرنده زنده است.

That bird is alive.

Using 'zendeh' with a third-person singular subject.

پدر بزرگم هنوز زنده است.

My grandfather is still alive.

Introduction of the adverb 'hanooz' (still).

آیا این ماهی زنده است؟

Is this fish alive?

Forming a simple yes/no question.

درختان زنده هستند.

Trees are alive.

Plural subject with plural verb 'hastand'.

این یک برنامه زنده است.

This is a live program.

Adjective modifying a noun, connected by Ezafe.

او زنده نیست، مرده است.

He is not alive, he is dead.

Negative form 'nist' and introducing the antonym 'mordeh'.

من یک سگ زنده می‌خواهم، نه یک اسباب‌بازی.

I want a live dog, not a toy.

Using 'zendeh' to distinguish real from artificial.

او در تصادف زنده ماند.

He survived in the accident.

Compound verb 'zendeh mandan' (to survive) in the simple past tense.

ما باید گیاهان را زنده نگه داریم.

We must keep the plants alive.

Compound verb 'zendeh negah dashtan' (to keep alive) with subjunctive 'darim'.

پخش زنده فوتبال ساعت هشت شروع می‌شود.

The live football broadcast starts at eight o'clock.

Noun phrase 'pakhsh-e zendeh' (live broadcast) as the subject.

آب به ما احساس زنده بودن می‌دهد.

Water gives us the feeling of being alive.

Infinitive phrase 'zendeh budan' (being alive) acting as a noun.

دکتر تلاش کرد بیمار را زنده کند.

The doctor tried to revive the patient.

Compound verb 'zendeh kardan' (to revive) in the subjunctive after 'talash kard'.

موسیقی زنده در این رستوران عالی است.

The live music in this restaurant is excellent.

Vocabulary expansion: 'moosighi-ye zendeh' (live music).

زنده باد ایران!

Long live Iran!

Optative mood expression 'zendeh bad' (long live).

هیچ موجود زنده‌ای در این سیاره نیست.

There is no living creature on this planet.

Using 'mowjud-e zendeh' (living creature) with the indefinite 'i' suffix.

بوی باران خاطرات کودکی‌ام را زنده کرد.

The smell of rain revived my childhood memories.

Metaphorical use of 'zendeh kardan' (to revive memories).

زبان فارسی یک زبان زنده و پویا است.

The Persian language is a living and dynamic language.

Using 'zendeh' alongside synonyms like 'pouya' (dynamic).

امیدوارم تا سال آینده زنده بمانم تا این پروژه را تمام کنم.

I hope to stay alive until next year to finish this project.

Subjunctive form 'zendeh bemanam' after 'omidvaram' (I hope).

آنها موفق شدند سنت‌های قدیمی را دوباره زنده کنند.

They succeeded in reviving the old traditions again.

Using 'zendeh kardan' for cultural revival.

تماشای تئاتر زنده هیجان بیشتری نسبت به فیلم دارد.

Watching live theater has more excitement compared to a movie.

Comparative structure using 'zendeh' to describe a performance.

او با دیدن فرزندش پس از سال‌ها، دوباره زنده شد.

Seeing his child after years, he came back to life (felt alive again).

Metaphorical use of 'zendeh shodan' for emotional rebirth.

حفاظت از محیط زیست برای همه موجودات زنده ضروری است.

Protecting the environment is essential for all living creatures.

Formal vocabulary integration with 'mowjudat-e zendeh'.

این نقاشی آنقدر طبیعی است که انگار زنده است.

This painting is so natural that it seems as if it is alive.

Using 'engar' (as if) to express a metaphorical state of being alive.

زنده یاد استاد شجریان، تأثیر عمیقی بر موسیقی ایران گذاشت.

The late (of blessed memory) Maestro Shajarian left a profound impact on Iranian music.

Introduction of the respectful term 'zendeh yad' for the deceased.

در شرایط بحرانی، غریزه زنده ماندن بر همه چیز غلبه می‌کند.

In critical situations, the survival instinct overcomes everything.

Using 'zendeh mandan' as a noun phrase (survival) modifying 'gharizeh' (instinct).

نویسنده توانسته است شخصیت‌های داستان را به خوبی زنده و ملموس خلق کند.

The author has managed to create the characters of the story very vividly (alive) and tangibly.

Using 'zendeh' as an adverbial complement to describe artistic creation.

بحث‌های زنده و پرشوری در پارلمان درباره این قانون در گرفت.

Lively and passionate debates took place in the parliament regarding this law.

Using 'zendeh' to mean 'lively' or 'animated' in the context of a discussion.

او یک انسان زنده دل است که همیشه به دیگران انرژی مثبت می‌دهد.

He is a lively/young-at-heart person who always gives positive energy to others.

Using the compound adjective 'zendeh-del' (spiritually alive/cheerful).

گزارشگر از محل حادثه به صورت زنده گزارش می‌داد.

The reporter was reporting live from the scene of the incident.

Adverbial phrase 'be soorat-e zendeh' (in a live manner/live).

آنها مرا به خاطر یک اشتباه کوچک، زنده زنده پوست کندند.

They skinned me alive (criticized me harshly) for a small mistake.

Idiomatic expression 'zendeh zendeh poost kandan' for severe criticism.

یاد و خاطره شهدای این مرز و بوم همیشه زنده خواهد ماند.

The memory and remembrance of the martyrs of this land will always remain alive.

Formal and patriotic use of 'zendeh khahad mand' (will remain alive).

عرفا معتقدند که انسان تنها با عشق الهی حقیقتاً زنده می‌شود.

Mystics believe that a human being truly comes alive only through divine love.

Philosophical and mystical application of 'zendeh shodan'.

قانون اساسی یک سند زنده است که باید با نیازهای زمانه تفسیر شود.

The constitution is a living document that must be interpreted with the needs of the times.

Academic use of 'sanad-e zendeh' (living document).

حضور او در محفل، روح تازه‌ای دمید و مجلس را زنده کرد.

His presence in the gathering breathed a new spirit and enlivened the assembly.

Literary phrasing using 'zendeh kard' in parallel with 'rooh damid' (breathed spirit).

مفهوم زنده بودن در زیست‌شناسی مدرن بسیار پیچیده‌تر از گذشته تعریف می‌شود.

The concept of being alive in modern biology is defined much more complexly than in the past.

Scientific discourse using the infinitive 'zendeh budan' as a conceptual subject.

آثار کلاسیک ادبیات فارسی، گواه زنده‌ای بر غنای فرهنگی این سرزمین هستند.

The classical works of Persian literature are a living testament to the cultural richness of this land.

Rhetorical device 'gavah-e zendeh' (living testament/proof).

او با تحمل رنج‌های فراوان، تجسم زنده استقامت و پایداری بود.

By enduring immense suffering, he was the living embodiment of endurance and perseverance.

Advanced descriptive phrase 'tajassom-e zendeh' (living embodiment).

مبادا که یاد این فداکاری‌ها در هیاهوی زندگی روزمره زنده به گور شود.

Lest the memory of these sacrifices be buried alive in the clamor of everyday life.

Metaphorical use of the idiom 'zendeh be goor shodan' (to be buried alive/forgotten).

پویایی و زنده زایش کلمات در زبان، نشان‌دهنده حیات آن قوم است.

The dynamism and live generation of words in a language indicate the vitality of that nation.

Highly literary use, creating compound concepts like 'zendeh zayesh' (live birth/generation).

در اندیشه سهروردی، نور ناب همان حقیقت زنده و حیات‌بخش هستی است.

In Suhrawardi's thought, pure light is the very living and life-giving truth of existence.

Deep philosophical context, pairing 'zendeh' with 'hayat-bakhsh' (life-giving).

شعر حافظ، ارگانیسمی زنده است که در هر خوانش، معنایی نو می‌آفریند.

Hafez's poetry is a living organism that creates a new meaning in every reading.

Literary criticism terminology 'organism-e zendeh' applied to text.

مفهوم 'شهید زنده' در ادبیات مقاومت، دلالت بر ایثار مستمر و حضور معنوی دارد.

The concept of the 'living martyr' in resistance literature signifies continuous sacrifice and spiritual presence.

Cultural and political specific terminology 'shahid-e zendeh'.

او با بیانی سحرآمیز، اسطوره‌های کهن را در ذهن مخاطب زنده و حاضر می‌ساخت.

With magical expression, he made ancient myths alive and present in the audience's mind.

Advanced syntax pairing 'zendeh' and 'hazer' (present) as object complements.

مرگ، پایان کبوتر نیست، بل آغازی است برای زنده شدن در ابعادی فراتر از ماده.

Death is not the end of the dove, but a beginning for coming alive in dimensions beyond matter.

Poetic and metaphysical discourse using 'zendeh shodan'.

بافت تاریخی شهر، موزه‌ای زنده است که نبض تاریخ در کوچه‌هایش می‌تپد.

The historical fabric of the city is a living museum where the pulse of history beats in its alleys.

Metaphorical construct 'muzeh-ye zendeh' (living museum).

زنده انگاری طبیعت در باورهای باستانی، ریشه در درک عمیق انسان از همبستگی کیهانی داشت.

Animism (attributing life to nature) in ancient beliefs was rooted in man's deep understanding of cosmic interconnectedness.

Academic terminology 'zendeh engari' (animism/personification).

آنان که در راه حق جان می‌بازند، به نص صریح قرآن، زندگانی‌اند که نزد پروردگارشان روزی می‌خورند.

Those who lose their lives in the path of truth, according to the explicit text of the Quran, are living beings who are sustained by their Lord.

Theological and scriptural reference using the plural noun form 'zendegan' (the living).

よく使う組み合わせ

پخش زنده

موسیقی زنده

موجود زنده

زنده ماندن

زنده کردن

زنده نگه داشتن

برنامه زنده

خاطره زنده

زبان زنده

اجرای زنده

よく使うフレーズ

زنده باد

زنده و سلامت

نیمه زنده

زنده یاد

تا زنده ام

زنده شدن

زنده بودن

زنده دل

زنده به گور

جان زنده

よく混同される語

زنده vs زندگی (Zendegi - Life): Noun vs. Adjective.

زنده vs جان (Jan - Soul/Life force): Noun vs. Adjective.

زنده vs بیدار (Bidar - Awake): Being awake is not the same as being alive, though sometimes confused by beginners.

慣用句と表現

"زنده کردن خاطرات"

"زنده نگه داشتن یاد"

"زنده پوست کندن"

"زنده زنده در آتش سوختن"

"زنده شدن از خوشحالی"

"زنده باد گفتن"

"مرده متحرک (antonym context)"

"زنده به عشق"

"زنده ماندن در شرایط سخت"

"زنده دل بودن"

間違えやすい

زنده vs

文型パターン

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使い方

note

While 'zendeh' is the most common word for alive, in highly formal or religious contexts regarding God, the Arabic loanword 'Hayy' (حی) is used. However, for all everyday and literary human/animal contexts, 'zendeh' is the standard.

よくある間違い

Saying 'من یک زنده خوب دارم' (I have a good alive) instead of 'من یک زندگی خوب دارم' (I have a good life).
Using 'زنده کردم' (I revived) when trying to say 'I survived'. The correct verb for surviving is 'زنده ماندم'.
Forgetting the Ezafe when modifying a noun, e.g., saying 'برنامه زنده' (barnameh zendeh) instead of 'برنامه‌ی زنده' (barnameh-ye zendeh).
Pronouncing the final 'ه' as a hard 'h' consonant instead of a soft 'eh' vowel.
Using 'زنده' to mean 'awake' (بیدار). Being awake and being alive are different concepts in Persian.

ヒント

The Ezafe Connection

Whenever you use زنده to describe a noun directly (like 'live music' or 'living creature'), you must connect them with the Ezafe vowel 'e'. So it is 'moosighi-ye zendeh', not 'moosighi zendeh'. This small vowel is crucial for sounding natural.

Noun vs. Adjective

Never use زنده when you mean 'life'. Life is زندگی (zendegi). Alive is زنده (zendeh). Write these two words down side by side and practice sentences with both to cement the difference in your mind.

Pronunciation Blending

In conversational Persian, 'zendeh ast' (is alive) is almost always contracted to 'zendas'. Practicing this contraction will make your spoken Persian sound much more fluent and native-like.

Spotting Live TV

If you are watching Persian television or an Instagram stream, look for the word زنده in the corner of the screen. It is the universal marker for a live broadcast. This is a great way to practice reading the word in the real world.

Reviving Memories

Use the phrase 'zendeh kardan-e khaterat' (reviving memories) when talking about nostalgia. It is a very poetic and common way to express how a smell, song, or place brings back the past.

Respecting the Deceased

When mentioning a famous artist, writer, or respected family member who has died, precede their name with 'zendeh yad'. It shows deep cultural awareness and respect, far more than just saying they are dead.

Compound Verb Mastery

Treat 'zendeh mandan' (to survive), 'zendeh kardan' (to revive), and 'zendeh shodan' (to come back to life) as three distinct vocabulary items. Memorize them as whole chunks rather than trying to translate them word-for-word.

Using Zendeh Bad

'Zendeh bad' (Long live) is a powerful expression. You can use it playfully with friends (e.g., Zendeh bad pizza!) or seriously in discussions about countries or ideals. It is a great phrase to have in your active vocabulary.

Describing Personality

If you want to say someone is full of life and energetic, use the word 'sarzendeh' instead of just 'zendeh'. It specifically targets the lively, cheerful nature of a person's character.

Spelling the Final Letter

Remember that the final 'eh' sound is written with the letter 'ه' (heh), not 'ا' (alef) or 'ع' (ayn). Spelling it 'زندا' is incorrect. Always write it as زنده.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Imagine a ZEN master meditating so deeply he looks dead, but then he opens his eyes and says 'I am ZEN-DEH' (alive).

語源

Middle Persian

文化的な背景

The red 'زنده' badge on TV screens is a universal symbol in Iran for live news, heavily relied upon during national events or sports matches.

Using 'zendeh yad' instead of 'mordeh' (dead) when talking about respected figures who have passed away is a sign of high cultural literacy and respect.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

会話のきっかけ

"آیا پدربزرگ و مادربزرگ شما هنوز زنده هستند؟ (Are your grandparents still alive?)"

"ترجیح می‌دهید موسیقی زنده گوش کنید یا ضبط شده؟ (Do you prefer listening to live music or recorded?)"

"چه چیزی باعث می‌شود احساس زنده بودن کنید؟ (What makes you feel alive?)"

"آیا اخبار را به صورت زنده تماشا می‌کنید؟ (Do you watch the news live?)"

"چگونه می‌توانیم سنت‌های قدیمی را زنده نگه داریم؟ (How can we keep old traditions alive?)"

日記のテーマ

Write about a time you felt truly 'alive' (زنده).

Describe your favorite 'live' (زنده) performance or concert.

Write a short story about someone who survived (زنده ماند) a difficult situation.

Discuss the importance of keeping historical memories 'alive' (زنده نگه داشتن).

List five 'living creatures' (موجودات زنده) you saw today and describe them.

よくある質問

10 問

زنده (zendeh) is an adjective meaning 'alive' or 'living'. زندگی (zendegi) is a noun meaning 'life'. You use زنده to describe the state of a person or thing (e.g., He is alive - او زنده است). You use زندگی to talk about the concept or period of existence (e.g., Life is beautiful - زندگی زیباست). Mixing them up is a very common beginner mistake. Always remember: you are 'zendeh', but you have a 'zendegi'.

To say 'to survive', you use the compound verb زنده ماندن (zendeh mandan). Literally, this means 'to remain alive'. For example, 'He survived the crash' is 'او در تصادف زنده ماند' (Oo dar tasadof zendeh mand). You conjugate the verb 'mandan' according to the subject and tense, while 'zendeh' stays the same.

Yes, absolutely. In Persian, a live broadcast is called پخش زنده (pakhsh-e zendeh). You will also see the word زنده alone on the corner of TV screens during live events. It is also used for live music (موسیقی زنده) and live theater (تئاتر زنده).

The final letter 'ه' in زنده represents the short vowel sound 'eh'. It is not pronounced as a consonant 'h'. So, the word is pronounced 'zen-deh'. When it is followed by the verb 'ast' (is), it often blends in spoken Persian to sound like 'zen-das'.

زنده باد (zendeh bad) translates to 'Long live...'. It is an expression of strong support, praise, or patriotism. For example, 'زنده باد ایران' means 'Long live Iran'. The opposite is 'مرده باد' (mordeh bad), which means 'Death to...'.

While you can say someone is very 'zendeh' to mean they are energetic, it is much more natural and common to use the derived word سرزنده (sarzendeh) or the idiom زنده دل (zendeh-del) to describe a lively, cheerful, and vibrant personality.

You use the compound verb زنده کردن (zendeh kardan). This can be used literally, like a doctor reviving a patient (دکتر بیمار را زنده کرد), or metaphorically, like a song reviving old memories (این آهنگ خاطراتم را زنده کرد).

The direct antonym of زنده (alive) is مرده (mordeh), which means 'dead'. Just like زنده, مرده is an adjective and follows the same grammatical rules, including forming compound verbs like مرده به دنیا آمدن (to be born dead).

زنده یاد (zendeh yad) literally means 'alive in memory'. It is a highly respectful term used before the name of someone who has passed away, similar to 'the late' or 'of blessed memory' in English. It shows that while the person is physically gone, their memory lives on.

Yes, زنده is used for all biological life forms, including humans, animals, plants, and microorganisms. A living plant is a گیاه زنده (giyah-e zendeh). If a plant dies, it is no longer زنده.

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